EP0049534B1 - Verfahren zur Volumenänderung von zerkleinerten Tabakrippen und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens - Google Patents

Verfahren zur Volumenänderung von zerkleinerten Tabakrippen und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0049534B1
EP0049534B1 EP81108047A EP81108047A EP0049534B1 EP 0049534 B1 EP0049534 B1 EP 0049534B1 EP 81108047 A EP81108047 A EP 81108047A EP 81108047 A EP81108047 A EP 81108047A EP 0049534 B1 EP0049534 B1 EP 0049534B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tobacco
parts
zone
heating
drying
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP81108047A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0049534A1 (de
Inventor
Laszlo Dr. Egri
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Tamag Basel AG
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Tamag Basel AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tamag Basel AG filed Critical Tamag Basel AG
Priority to AT81108047T priority Critical patent/ATE20423T1/de
Publication of EP0049534A1 publication Critical patent/EP0049534A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0049534B1 publication Critical patent/EP0049534B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
    • A24B3/00—Preparing tobacco in the factory
    • A24B3/18—Other treatment of leaves, e.g. puffing, crimpling, cleaning
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
    • A24B5/00—Stripping tobacco; Treatment of stems or ribs
    • A24B5/16—Other treatment of stems or ribs, e.g. bending, chopping, incising
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
    • A24B3/00—Preparing tobacco in the factory
    • A24B3/18—Other treatment of leaves, e.g. puffing, crimpling, cleaning
    • A24B3/182—Puffing

Definitions

  • tobacco is intensely moistened and the tobacco swollen thereby is exposed in a heating zone to a heating medium consisting of pure hot air.
  • the heating takes place in such a way that only the edge zone on the surface of the tobacco particles is appreciably dried with respect to their inner region, whereby a firm consistency and thus dimensional stability of the swollen tobacco particles is to be achieved after accelerated cooling.
  • the drying itself takes place in a facility in which the moistened tobacco is transported on a conveyor belt in individual drying chambers through which hot air flows, with vibration. In this process, the speed of the gaseous heating and drying medium is reduced so much that the tobacco particles can only be kept in suspension, so that the drying time is several minutes. Due to the large number of existing gas inlet points of the fluidized bed floor, there is a certain swirling of the tobacco particle layer, but at the same time this also leads to channel formation and associated uneven expansion effects under fluctuating final moisture content of the treated tobacco material.
  • DE-A-2 637124 describes and shows a device for increasing the filling capacity of cut tobacco, which has an expansion zone and a subsequent drying zone.
  • a U-shaped channel is provided, in the wall of which slots are made for supplying a heating gas.
  • the tobacco to be expanded and then dried is pneumatically transported through both zones.
  • the slots in the wall of the channel for supplying the heating gas which also serves as a transport gas, inevitably result in a certain deflection of the tobacco particles flowing in the curved channel, but do not provide any specifically arranged "deflection devices for the purpose of improving certain process parameters of the device and properties of the tobacco material obtained.
  • US-A-3 734104 describes a process for increasing the volume of shredded tobacco stems, in which expansion and drying are carried out in a coherent process sequence, so that the flow and temperature conditions of the two process steps are dependent on one another.
  • the cut tobacco ribs are first impregnated until their cells are largely filled with water.
  • the tobacco particles are then contacted in a heating and expansion zone with a hot, gaseous heating medium at a temperature between 120 ° C. and 400 ° C. for about 0.5 to less than 3 seconds, the heating medium being at least about 30% by volume. Contains steam.
  • the tobacco particles are then in a linear flow at an extremely high speed of about 40 m / sec.
  • the filling volume is increased by approximately 50% compared to the original volume.
  • the main features of this process are working at high temperatures and extremely short treatment times and drying to a very low final moisture content.
  • the density of the tobacco particles dried to 13.8% final moisture is approximately 12% higher and the particles dried to 14.5% final moisture by approximately 23% higher than the density of particles dried to 6%. Accordingly, the volume enlargement effect in this process becomes greater the lower the final moisture content is set at high temperatures and extremely short treatment times.
  • a decisive disadvantage is, however, that the strong degrees of drying leading to an expedient increase in filling capacity can only be achieved with extremely high temperatures in the short treatment times, which means an acute fire risk for the particles and a high energy consumption for the process. Furthermore, the tobacco dried to below 10% final moisture becomes very brittle, which, taking into account the extraordinarily high transport speed, results in a high loss due to breakage and dust formation and also the quality of the particles, namely the smoke taste, is deteriorated.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a method and an apparatus for increasing the volume of shredded tobacco sticks, which are characterized by lower energy consumption, better quality of the end product, lower losses due to breakage and by a particular good filling capacity. According to the invention, this object is now achieved by the method resulting from claims 1 to 7 and the device for carrying out this method specified in claims 8 to 19.
  • the tobacco ribs generally have a relatively inelastic, wood-like structure, impregnation of the rib cut to be treated to an initial water content of 50 to 60 wt.
  • the gaseous heating and transport medium should contain at least 50% by volume of water vapor. Its temperature should be preferably 150 to 180 ° C immediately before the tobacco rib section is taken.
  • the increase in turbulence which is known to remove the heat transfer-inhibiting, laminar boundary layer on the surface of the tobacco particles ( destroy) is brought about in a special way.
  • the impregnated tobacco rib parts are namely deflected several times in their direction of movement during their transport, so that their relative speeds are changed several times compared to the gaseous heating and transport medium containing water vapor.
  • high turbulence and heat transfer speeds are achieved. In this way, one can do without the otherwise necessary high transport speeds and the associated disadvantages, such as increased breakage and dust formation, or the short residence times with correspondingly high temperatures.
  • the direction or Reiativgeschwi h dtechniks sectionungen done according to the invention by the pneumatic guide the tobacco rib parts along a plurality of deflecting means for the tobacco parts in the expansion zone, which are arranged to opposite to and offset from each other.
  • the temperature of the gaseous, water vapor-containing heating and transport medium can be significantly reduced with the same initial and final moisture levels of the tobacco rib material, the volume increase achieved remaining at least the same.
  • the ribs are impregnated with an impregnating agent which consists of water with the addition of orthophosphoric acid and / or its sodium salts.
  • a particularly favorable effect with regard to the smoke taste of treated rib cuts is achieved if the orthophosphoric acid and / or its sodium salts are added to the water in an amount of 0.1 to 1.0% by weight, calculated on the dry weight of the tobacco ribs.
  • a preferably vertical shaft the flow cross section of which widens in the transport direction of the tobacco material, is installed in the pneumatic system according to the invention.
  • Appropriate dimensioning of the flow cross-section widening achieves such a reduction in the flow velocity that only particles with a certain specific weight, namely a certain humidity, are conveyed on.
  • the rib section is dried in a particularly gentle manner if the temperature of the gaseous, steam-containing heating and transport medium in the zone of flow cross-section widening is preferably 110 to approximately 105 ° C.
  • the tobacco After expansion, the tobacco is separated from the gaseous transport medium, for example in a cyclone separator, and processed further.
  • a device for carrying out the method according to the invention which is particularly distinguished by its simplicity and economy of execution, consists in that opposing, mutually offset deflection devices are arranged in the heating zone.
  • Another device for carrying out the method according to the invention consists in that baffles offset from one another are arranged in the heating zone as deflection devices.
  • Another device for carrying out the method according to the invention consists in that recesses 4, 4 ', 6 offset from one another are arranged in the heating zone as deflection devices.
  • Pipes 1, 1 ', 5 which are derived from pipes having a circular or rectangular cross-sectional profile are particularly suitable as the heating zone according to the invention. This means that a cross section through one of the pipes 1, 1 ', 5 from a point at which no deflection devices according to the invention are arranged represents a circular or rectangular profile.
  • the heating zone are pipelines 1, 1 ', 5 through which tobacco parts passed into the stream of the gaseous heating medium flow at high speed. Since, according to the invention, the additional heat absorption from the hot inner wall of the heating zone is exploited by the combination of heat radiation and heat conduction, it is advantageous to use pipelines with the largest possible cross-sectional circumference and consequently a large radiation area. It is therefore preferred that the pipes 1, 1 'have a rectangular cross section, in particular with an aspect ratio of width (b): height (a) - 2, preferably> 3. With such an aspect ratio it is achieved that on the one hand the surface of the pipes 1, 1 'becomes large and on the other hand the distances between the wall and tobacco particles remain small.
  • the indentations 4, 4 ', 6 have a curved, for example circular segment-like, profile and are arranged at right angles to the longitudinal direction of the pipeline 1, 1', 5 continuously and without interruptions, but offset to the opposite tube wall.
  • cross-sectional constrictions and widenings take place alternately in the flow direction.
  • the many changes in direction ensure that the tobacco particles are often guided at an angle predominantly less than 45 ° to the hot pipe inner wall and / or to its immediate vicinity, heat being transferred to the particles by the combination of direct heat conduction and heat radiation, so that an accelerated temperature transition takes place.
  • the indentations 6 consist of a plurality of spherical caps.
  • the flow course of the impregnated tobacco parts is advantageously changed in a similar manner.
  • the cross-sectional changes according to the invention also lead to increased turbulence of the flow, which has a favorable influence on the access of the gaseous heating medium and improves the heat transfer of gaseous heating medium tobacco.
  • a particularly simple embodiment consists in that the two pipe walls arranged opposite one another consist of corrugated, mutually offset metal sheets.
  • the outer walls of the heating zone designed according to the invention can additionally be provided with heating devices.
  • the intensity of the heating is preferably chosen so that the temperature in the interior of the heating zone is between 100 and 250 ° C.
  • the device shown in Fig. 1 consists of a pipeline 1, the inlet opening 2 or outlet opening 3 has a rectangular profile with an aspect ratio of width (b): height (a) - 3.
  • the indentations 4 have a circular segment-like profile and are arranged at right angles to the longitudinal direction of the pipeline 1 continuously and without interruption, but offset to the opposite surface.
  • the inlet opening 2 'and the outlet opening 3' of this pipeline have the same profile as the pipeline 1 in Fig. 1.
  • the pipeline 1 consists of flat corrugated iron profiles, the indentations 4 'of which run at right angles to the longitudinal direction of the pipeline 1'.
  • FIG. 3 shows a further embodiment of a heating zone according to the invention.
  • the inlet opening 7 and the outlet opening 8 of this pipeline 5 have a circular profile, ie the Basic cross section of this pipeline 5 also has a circular profile.
  • a large number of indentations 6 in the form of spherical caps are arranged in the pipeline 5 at regular intervals, but offset from one another.
  • a plurality of mutually offset steam and / or gas inlet points are arranged as deflection devices in the heating zone designed according to the invention.
  • Impregnated tobacco rib parts and the gaseous heating and transport medium containing water vapor are introduced into the expansion zone.
  • the expanded parts of tobacco ribs are fed from the expansion zone into the lower end of a drying zone, which is preferably conical at the top.
  • the dried, expanded tobacco rib parts are drawn off at the upper end of the drying zone and processed further.
  • the cut ribs were moistened in a commercially available humidification drum and then treated in a pneumatic transport system of the type mentioned above.
  • the filling capacity measurements on the rib cut were carried out with the help of Borgwaldt densimeter and refer to a standard moisture of the examined material of 13%.
  • Sample cigarettes were made from both treated sections and from untreated rib cuts by moistening section B to 13% water content and mixing it with a proportion of 10% with a standard tobacco mixture. Lot A and the untreated, cut ribs were mixed in the same ratio without further conditioning with the same standard tobacco mixture. The cigarettes were conditioned and sorted according to the same hardness.

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  • Manufacture Of Tobacco Products (AREA)
EP81108047A 1980-10-07 1981-10-07 Verfahren zur Volumenänderung von zerkleinerten Tabakrippen und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens Expired EP0049534B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT81108047T ATE20423T1 (de) 1980-10-07 1981-10-07 Verfahren zur volumenaenderung von zerkleinerten tabakrippen und vorrichtung zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3037885A DE3037885C2 (de) 1980-10-07 1980-10-07 Verfahren zur Volumenvergrößerung von zerkleinerten Tabakrippen und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
DE3037885 1980-10-07

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0049534A1 EP0049534A1 (de) 1982-04-14
EP0049534B1 true EP0049534B1 (de) 1986-06-18

Family

ID=6113832

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP81108047A Expired EP0049534B1 (de) 1980-10-07 1981-10-07 Verfahren zur Volumenänderung von zerkleinerten Tabakrippen und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens

Country Status (14)

Country Link
US (1) US4483352A (es)
EP (1) EP0049534B1 (es)
JP (1) JPS5791186A (es)
KR (1) KR890003799B1 (es)
AR (1) AR225972A1 (es)
AT (1) ATE20423T1 (es)
AU (1) AU552321B2 (es)
BR (1) BR8106446A (es)
CA (1) CA1167732A (es)
DE (1) DE3037885C2 (es)
ES (1) ES506067A0 (es)
MX (1) MX158071A (es)
SU (1) SU1366038A3 (es)
ZA (1) ZA816721B (es)

Families Citing this family (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3136842A1 (de) * 1981-09-16 1983-04-07 Tamag Basel AG, 4127 Birsfelden Verfahren zur volumenvergroesserung (puffing) von tabak und vorrichtung zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens
CH658367A5 (de) * 1982-05-11 1986-11-14 Hauni Werke Koerber & Co Kg Verfahren und vorrichtung zum volumenvergroessern von tabak.
CH662478A5 (de) * 1983-04-23 1987-10-15 Hauni Werke Koerber & Co Kg Verfahren und einrichtung zum blaehen von tabak.
US4791942A (en) * 1986-08-01 1988-12-20 The American Tobacco Company Process and apparatus for the expansion of tobacco
DE3710677A1 (de) * 1987-03-31 1988-10-13 Bat Cigarettenfab Gmbh Vorrichtung zum expandieren von zerkleinertem tabakmaterial
DE3839529C1 (es) * 1988-11-23 1990-04-12 Comas S.P.A., Silea, Treviso, It
JPH0332298A (ja) * 1989-06-29 1991-02-12 Sony Corp 遠隔制御装置
DE4117329A1 (de) * 1991-05-27 1992-12-03 Bat Cigarettenfab Gmbh Trocknungsverfahren zur fuellfaehigkeitssteigerung von tabakmaterial und vorrichtung zur durchfuehrung dieses verfahrens
CH683226A5 (de) * 1991-12-09 1994-02-15 Egri Laszlo Expandieren und Trocknen von Tabak.
US5908032A (en) * 1996-08-09 1999-06-01 R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Method of and apparatus for expanding tobacco
US5826590A (en) * 1996-09-26 1998-10-27 Brown & Williamson Tobacco Corp. Method and plant for treating tobacco stems for the production of cut tobacco
US7556047B2 (en) * 2003-03-20 2009-07-07 R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Method of expanding tobacco using steam
CN104522866A (zh) * 2014-12-02 2015-04-22 广西中烟工业有限责任公司 一种用于梗丝ctd气流干燥的工艺
JP7446572B2 (ja) * 2021-07-07 2024-03-11 Ａｓｔｒａ Ｆｏｏｄ Ｐｌａｎ株式会社 加熱処理装置

Family Cites Families (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB333416A (en) * 1929-09-04 1930-08-14 Muller J C & Co Method of drying tobacco
DE1837587U (de) * 1960-09-05 1961-09-07 Maschinefabrik Buckau R Wolf A Um eine waagerechte laengsachse rotierendes stromtrocknungsrohr.
FR1506661A (fr) * 1965-12-23 1967-12-22 Philip Morris Inc Procédé de séparation pneumatique et de soufflage des côtes de tabac
DE2202619A1 (de) * 1971-01-27 1973-07-26 Hauni Werke Koerber & Co Kg Verfahren und vorrichtung zum volumenvergroessern von feuchtem tabak
BE790758A (fr) * 1971-11-04 1973-02-15 Philip Morris Inc Procede pour augmenter le volume des tiges de tabac
CA1047352A (en) * 1975-09-05 1979-01-30 Eugene Glock Method and apparatus for increasing the filling capacity of shredded tobacco tissue
US4040431A (en) * 1975-09-05 1977-08-09 American Brands, Inc. Method of increasing the filling capacity of shredded tobacco tissue
AU509708B2 (en) * 1976-07-15 1980-05-22 Brown & Williamson Tobacco Corporation Producing expanded tobacco from whole tobacco stems
JPS53104797A (en) * 1977-02-22 1978-09-12 Japan Tobacco Inc Preparation of expanded veins and stalks of tobacco leaves
GB1604024A (en) * 1977-09-03 1981-12-02 Hauni Werke Koerber & Co Kg Method and apparatus for increasing the filling property of fibres of tobacco or another smokable material
US4167191A (en) * 1977-09-27 1979-09-11 Brown & Williamson Tobacco Corporation Tobacco drying process
GB2028629B (en) * 1978-08-02 1983-05-05 Molins Ltd Cut tobacco drier
US4274427A (en) * 1978-08-30 1981-06-23 Philip Morris Incorporated Method of increasing filling power of tobacco products
US4301819A (en) * 1980-04-11 1981-11-24 Brown & Williamson Tobacco Corporation Apparatus for prevention of material build-up such as tobacco in a conduit

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES8303054A1 (es) 1983-02-01
DE3037885A1 (de) 1982-05-06
SU1366038A3 (ru) 1988-01-07
US4483352A (en) 1984-11-20
DE3037885C2 (de) 1988-03-03
EP0049534A1 (de) 1982-04-14
KR830006938A (ko) 1983-10-12
JPS6364192B2 (es) 1988-12-09
ATE20423T1 (de) 1986-07-15
MX158071A (es) 1989-01-04
AR225972A1 (es) 1982-05-14
KR890003799B1 (ko) 1989-10-05
JPS5791186A (en) 1982-06-07
AU7575381A (en) 1982-04-22
AU552321B2 (en) 1986-05-29
CA1167732A (en) 1984-05-22
BR8106446A (pt) 1982-06-22
ZA816721B (en) 1982-09-29
ES506067A0 (es) 1983-02-01

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