EP0045153B1 - Terminal for mounting on a circuit board - Google Patents

Terminal for mounting on a circuit board Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0045153B1
EP0045153B1 EP81303219A EP81303219A EP0045153B1 EP 0045153 B1 EP0045153 B1 EP 0045153B1 EP 81303219 A EP81303219 A EP 81303219A EP 81303219 A EP81303219 A EP 81303219A EP 0045153 B1 EP0045153 B1 EP 0045153B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
legs
circuit board
terminal
portions
hole
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP81303219A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0045153A1 (en
Inventor
Winfield Warren Loose
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
TE Connectivity Corp
Original Assignee
AMP Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by AMP Inc filed Critical AMP Inc
Priority to AT81303219T priority Critical patent/ATE11469T1/de
Publication of EP0045153A1 publication Critical patent/EP0045153A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0045153B1 publication Critical patent/EP0045153B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R4/00—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation
    • H01R4/24—Connections using contact members penetrating or cutting insulation or cable strands
    • H01R4/2416—Connections using contact members penetrating or cutting insulation or cable strands the contact members having insulation-cutting edges, e.g. of tuning fork type
    • H01R4/2445—Connections using contact members penetrating or cutting insulation or cable strands the contact members having insulation-cutting edges, e.g. of tuning fork type the contact members having additional means acting on the insulation or the wire, e.g. additional insulation penetrating means, strain relief means or wire cutting knives
    • H01R4/2462—Connections using contact members penetrating or cutting insulation or cable strands the contact members having insulation-cutting edges, e.g. of tuning fork type the contact members having additional means acting on the insulation or the wire, e.g. additional insulation penetrating means, strain relief means or wire cutting knives the contact members being in a slotted bent configuration, e.g. slotted bight
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R12/00—Structural associations of a plurality of mutually-insulated electrical connecting elements, specially adapted for printed circuits, e.g. printed circuit boards [PCB], flat or ribbon cables, or like generally planar structures, e.g. terminal strips, terminal blocks; Coupling devices specially adapted for printed circuits, flat or ribbon cables, or like generally planar structures; Terminals specially adapted for contact with, or insertion into, printed circuits, flat or ribbon cables, or like generally planar structures
    • H01R12/50—Fixed connections
    • H01R12/51—Fixed connections for rigid printed circuits or like structures
    • H01R12/55—Fixed connections for rigid printed circuits or like structures characterised by the terminals
    • H01R12/58—Fixed connections for rigid printed circuits or like structures characterised by the terminals terminals for insertion into holes
    • H01R12/585—Terminals having a press fit or a compliant portion and a shank passing through a hole in the printed circuit board
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R12/00—Structural associations of a plurality of mutually-insulated electrical connecting elements, specially adapted for printed circuits, e.g. printed circuit boards [PCB], flat or ribbon cables, or like generally planar structures, e.g. terminal strips, terminal blocks; Coupling devices specially adapted for printed circuits, flat or ribbon cables, or like generally planar structures; Terminals specially adapted for contact with, or insertion into, printed circuits, flat or ribbon cables, or like generally planar structures
    • H01R12/70—Coupling devices
    • H01R12/7005—Guiding, mounting, polarizing or locking means; Extractors
    • H01R12/7011—Locking or fixing a connector to a PCB
    • H01R12/7058—Locking or fixing a connector to a PCB characterised by the movement, e.g. pivoting, camming or translating parallel to the PCB
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R12/00—Structural associations of a plurality of mutually-insulated electrical connecting elements, specially adapted for printed circuits, e.g. printed circuit boards [PCB], flat or ribbon cables, or like generally planar structures, e.g. terminal strips, terminal blocks; Coupling devices specially adapted for printed circuits, flat or ribbon cables, or like generally planar structures; Terminals specially adapted for contact with, or insertion into, printed circuits, flat or ribbon cables, or like generally planar structures
    • H01R12/50—Fixed connections
    • H01R12/51—Fixed connections for rigid printed circuits or like structures
    • H01R12/53—Fixed connections for rigid printed circuits or like structures connecting to cables except for flat or ribbon cables
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R43/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining, or repairing of line connectors or current collectors or for joining electric conductors
    • H01R43/16—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining, or repairing of line connectors or current collectors or for joining electric conductors for manufacturing contact members, e.g. by punching and by bending

Definitions

  • This invention relates to stamped and formed terminals for mounting on a circuit board.
  • the mounting legs for terminals may be dimensioned to have an interference fit in the circuit board hole or they may be designed to provide a resilient force on the walls of the circuit board hole after they are inserted.
  • Known terminals having mounting legs of these general types are acceptable if the dimensions of the mounting legs and the diameters of the circuit board holes are such that the terminals are retained in the holes.
  • the circuit board holes are oversized relative to the dimensions of the mounting legs on the terminals, frequent problems are encountered in that the terminals tend to fall from the mounting holes.
  • Manufacturers of electrical equipment are frequently troubled by such problems for the reason that they usually obtain their circuit boards from a remote source and they have limited control over the manufacture of the circuit boards.
  • a manufacturer of electrical equipment must, therefore, frequently solve problems involving oversize circuit board holes and resulting in securely placed terminals on a circuit board by the use of added manpower and reworking and inspection of the circuit boards immediately prior to soldering.
  • a stamped and formed sheet metal terminal intended for mounting in a circular hole in a circuit board has first and second mounting legs which are received in the circuit board hole to retain the terminal on the circuit board.
  • Each of the mounting legs has a retaining portion which extends from the terminal partially along its length, the retaining portion having a width which is sufficient to establish an interference fit into a small diameter circuit board hole.
  • the legs are characterized in that each leg has a reduced width portion between the retaining portions and the free ends of the legs.
  • Each of the legs also has camming means on the reduced width portions and each of the legs has cam actuator means which are cooperable with the wall of the circuit board hole to cause the camming means to in turn cause movement of the legs away from each other during movement of the legs into the circuit board hole whereby, the legs can easily be inserted into the circuit board hole by reason of the reduced width portions, and during movement of the legs into said circuit board hole, the legs will be moved apart by the camming means and the retaining portions will establish an interference fit in the circuit board hole and retain the terminal on said circuit board.
  • Figure 1 shows a stamped and formed sheet metal terminal 2 having mounting means on its lower end for mounting the terminal on the circuit board such that the terminal can be soldered to conductors 6 on the underside of the circuit board 8.
  • the terminal 2, except for its mounting legs, is in accordance with U.S. 4,261,629.
  • the terminal 2 comprises opposed inner platelike members 10, 10' and outer platelike members 12, 12' which are connected to the inner platelike members by reverse bends or bights 16, 16'.
  • the inner platelike members 10, 10' are connected to each other by an integral bight 14 and the outer platelike members 12, 12' are inwardly turned at their lower ends as shown at 20, 20'.
  • the mounting means comprises first and second mounting legs 22, 22' which extend downwardly from the inwardly turned portions 20, 20'. When the terminal is to be mounted on the circuit board 8, the legs 22, 22' are moved relatively towards each other and are then inserted into the circuit board hole 9.
  • a wire 4 can be moved into the slots 18, 18' of the platelike members 10, 12, and 10' and 12' so that the edges of these slots will penetrate the insulation of the wire and contact the conducting core of the wire.
  • the legs 22, 22' are similar but are not identical to each other and the same reference numerals differentiated by prime marks are therefore used to identify corresponding structural features of the two legs.
  • Each leg has a retaining portion 24, 24' which is adjacent to the portions 20, 20', a cam actuator portion 26, 26' which adjoins the retaining portions 24, 24' and camming and guiding portions 28, 28' which extend to the free ends 30, 30' of the legs.
  • the legs have opposed surfaces 36, 36' and first and second side edges on each side of the opposed surfaces.
  • the side edges of the first leg 22 are indicated at 32 and 34 and the first and second side edges of the second leg 22' being indicated at 32' and 34'.
  • the legs are of the same width as measured between the side edges in the retaining portions 24, this width being substantially equal to, and slightly less than, the diameter of the smallest hole for which the device is intended.
  • the retaining portions 24, 24' should have a width of about 1.01 ⁇ 0.05 mm when the smallest hole 9 for which the device is intended, has a diameter of about 1.07 mm. If the retaining portions have a width of 1.02 mm, the device can be mounted in circuit board holes in the range of about 1.07 mm to 1.27 mm.
  • the cam actuator sections 26, 26' and the camming and guiding portions 28, 28' of the legs are of a reduced width relative to the retaining portions 24, 24'.
  • the first side edge 32 of the first leg 22 is inclined, as shown at 38, inwardly beginning at the lower end of the retaining portion and the first side edge 32 of the first leg 22 is inwardly displaced as shown at 40 in the camming and guiding portion relative to the first side edge 32' of the leg 22'.
  • the second side edge 34' of the second leg 22' slopes inwardly as shown at 38' and in the camming and guiding portion, this second side edge of leg 22' is inwardly displaced as shown at 40' relative to the second side edge 34 of the first leg 22.
  • the width of the legs in the camming and guiding sections 28, 28' should be such that the legs will move freely into the smallest diameter hole for which the device is intended. For example, this width may be 0.76 mm when the terminal is intended for circuit board holes having diameters in the range of 1.07 to 1.27 mm.
  • the opposed surfaces of the legs have camming bosses 46, 46' thereon, located in the camming and guiding portions 28, 28'. These camming bosses have camming surfaces 47, 47' which are approximately parabolic, as shown in Figure 4, and are opposed to each other when the legs are in their normal positions so that when the legs are moved towards each other these surfaces will engage each other. These bosses are formed by indenting the outwardly facing surfaces of the legs 22, 22', as shown in Figure 1 at 50.
  • the second side edge 34 Adjacent to the free end 30 of the leg 22, the second side edge 34 is sharply inclined inwardly as shown at 42 to provide a lead-in surface for the terminal when it is inserted into the hole 9.
  • the lower portion of the first side edge 32' of the second leg 22' is similarly inclined inwardly as shown at 42'.
  • the free ends of the legs 30, 30' can also be swaged, as shown at 44, to further facilitate movement of the free ends into the circuit board hole.
  • the legs 22, 22' are normally opposed to each other as shown in Figures 3 and 4, and their camming and guiding portions 28, 28' overlap so that the total width of both legs is the same as the width of an individual leg 22, 22' in the retaining portions 24, 24'.
  • the legs are, however, capable of limited flexing laterally in their own planes, for reasons which will be explained below and as illustrated in Figure 5.
  • the outer platelike members 12, 12' are flexed inwardly towards the inner platelike members 10, 10' until the surfaces 47, 47' of the cams 46, 46' are against each other as shown in Figure 4.
  • the operation of flexing the terminal in this manner and inserting it into the circuit board hole can be carried out either manually or by an insertion machine.
  • the inclined portions 38, 38' of the first and second legs engage the edge 11 of the circuit board hole thereby causing the legs to be moved back towards their aligned positions.
  • the cams 46, 46' will again be brought into opposed aligned positions and the legs will thereby be cammed apart, see Figure 8.
  • the retaining portions 24, 24' penetrate the circuit board and establish a secure interference fit of these retaining portions in the circuit board hole.
  • the cams 46, 46' serve as a locking means after complete insertion of the terminal and maintain this interference fit in the circuit board hole.
  • Figures 3-8 illustrate the movement of the legs into a circuit board hole 9 at the lower tolerance limit of the range of circuit board holes for which the legs are intended.
  • the corners 52, 52' of the legs penetrate the material of the circuit board relatively deeply.
  • the condition shown in Figure 8 has been observed and this condition will come about if the circuit board is of relatively soft material, for example, if the circuit board is of a paper filled phenolic resin. If the circuit board is of a relatively hard material which is resistant to penetration by the corners 52, 52', the legs may not be fully returned to their aligned positions and may be flexed along their axes to some extent. In this latter event, however, a tight interference fit of the legs in the circuit board hole is nonetheless obtained.
  • Figure 10 is similar to Figure 8 except that it shows the condition which exists when the legs are inserted into a hole at the upper tolerance limit of the range of hole diameters.
  • the corners 52, 52' do not penetrate the material of the circuit board to the same extent, however, they are wedged tightly in the hole and are maintained in their wedged condition by the cams 46, 46'.
  • Figure 11 illustrates the advantage obtained in the practice of the invention, as compared with prior art methods of mounting terminals in circuit boards.
  • the dotted line curve in Figure 11 relates the pushout force, the force in kilograms required to push a terminal out of a circuit board hole after insertion, to the diameter, in millimeters, of the circuit board hole.
  • the solid line curve relates the push out force to the hole diameter for a terminal having mounting legs in accordance with the invention.
  • the solid line curve shows that the pushout force drops only very slightly when the hole diameter changes from 1.07 mm to 1.27 mm and satisfactory results are obtained even if the hole is a diameter greater than 1.27 mm.

Landscapes

  • Coupling Device And Connection With Printed Circuit (AREA)
  • Multi-Conductor Connections (AREA)
  • Connections Arranged To Contact A Plurality Of Conductors (AREA)
  • Connections By Means Of Piercing Elements, Nuts, Or Screws (AREA)
EP81303219A 1980-07-25 1981-07-14 Terminal for mounting on a circuit board Expired EP0045153B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT81303219T ATE11469T1 (de) 1980-07-25 1981-07-14 Endkontakt fuer die montage auf einer leiterplatte.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US06/172,109 US4363529A (en) 1980-07-25 1980-07-25 Terminal having improved mounting means
US172109 1980-07-25

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0045153A1 EP0045153A1 (en) 1982-02-03
EP0045153B1 true EP0045153B1 (en) 1985-01-23

Family

ID=22626401

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP81303219A Expired EP0045153B1 (en) 1980-07-25 1981-07-14 Terminal for mounting on a circuit board

Country Status (19)

Country Link
US (1) US4363529A (es)
EP (1) EP0045153B1 (es)
JP (1) JPS5753074A (es)
AR (1) AR225227A1 (es)
AT (1) ATE11469T1 (es)
AU (1) AU537714B2 (es)
BR (1) BR8104583A (es)
CA (1) CA1161914A (es)
DE (1) DE3168474D1 (es)
DK (1) DK155478C (es)
ES (1) ES270772Y (es)
FI (1) FI69726C (es)
HK (1) HK29788A (es)
IE (1) IE52089B1 (es)
IL (1) IL63152A0 (es)
MX (1) MX150202A (es)
NO (1) NO157878C (es)
SG (1) SG1588G (es)
YU (1) YU175981A (es)

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US4498724A (en) * 1981-09-18 1985-02-12 Bicc Public Limited Company Circuit board composite connector
JPS60251882A (ja) * 1984-05-25 1985-12-12 Amano Pharmaceut Co Ltd ペプチド合成用プロテア−ゼの製造法
DE8430109U1 (de) * 1984-10-12 1986-02-13 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH, 8000 München Kontaktelement
US4640562A (en) * 1984-12-19 1987-02-03 Amp Incorporated Surface mounting means for printed circuit board
JPS61243666A (ja) * 1985-04-19 1986-10-29 アンリツ株式会社 電気接続子
DE3621369A1 (de) * 1985-08-13 1987-02-19 Broekelmann Jaeger & Busse Anschluss- bzw. verbindungsklemme fuer elektrische geraete
JPH0616416Y2 (ja) * 1988-08-04 1994-04-27 モレックス インコーポレーテッド 低挿入力型多ピン電気コネクタ
DE8901434U1 (de) * 1989-02-08 1990-06-21 Grote & Hartmann Gmbh & Co Kg, 5600 Wuppertal Kontaktierungsvorrichtung für eine Leuchtdiode
JPH0449457U (es) * 1990-08-31 1992-04-27
DE69503625T2 (de) * 1994-05-06 1998-12-24 Whitaker Corp Elektrischer anschluss zum verbinden gestapelter leiter nach dem isolationsverdrängungsprinzip
US5564954A (en) * 1995-01-09 1996-10-15 Wurster; Woody Contact with compliant section
US5556308A (en) * 1995-04-27 1996-09-17 Heyco Stamped Products, Inc. Blade for printed circuit board to access 120V AC outlet current
DE19644416C1 (de) * 1996-10-25 1997-11-20 Schroff Gmbh Kontaktelement zur elektrischen Kontaktierung von Leiterkarten mit einer vorderen Modulschiene eines Baugruppenträgers
DE19724703C1 (de) * 1997-06-12 1999-02-18 Elbik Gmbh Elektronik Zubehoer Kontaktstift
DE10134562B4 (de) * 2001-07-16 2007-08-09 Tridonicatco Connection Technology Gmbh & Co Kg System und Verfahren zur elektrischen Kontaktierung und mechanischen Befestigung von Leiterplatten
US7661997B2 (en) * 2006-09-12 2010-02-16 Woody Wurster Pin to CB system
DE102010046563B4 (de) 2010-09-27 2018-05-03 Mc Technology Gmbh Anschlussklemme und Anschlussklemmen-Leiterplattenanordnung
EP2665128B1 (en) * 2012-05-14 2017-12-13 TE Connectivity Germany GmbH IDC contact element for an electrical plug
US9225079B2 (en) * 2012-12-10 2015-12-29 Zierick Manufacturing Corporation Surface mount keyhole connectors
US9702680B2 (en) 2013-07-18 2017-07-11 Dynaenergetics Gmbh & Co. Kg Perforation gun components and system
US20220258103A1 (en) 2013-07-18 2022-08-18 DynaEnergetics Europe GmbH Detonator positioning device
US9543665B2 (en) * 2013-07-30 2017-01-10 Fci Americas Technology Llc Insulation displacement connector
WO2015085166A1 (en) 2013-12-06 2015-06-11 FCI Asia Pte. Ltd. Insulation displacement connector
US10188990B2 (en) 2014-03-07 2019-01-29 Dynaenergetics Gmbh & Co. Kg Device and method for positioning a detonator within a perforating gun assembly
USD764412S1 (en) 2014-05-19 2016-08-23 Fci Americas Technology Llc Electrically conductive contact
US10312608B2 (en) 2015-03-03 2019-06-04 Fci Usa Llc Insulation displacement connector
US9784549B2 (en) * 2015-03-18 2017-10-10 Dynaenergetics Gmbh & Co. Kg Bulkhead assembly having a pivotable electric contact component and integrated ground apparatus
DE102015114701B4 (de) * 2015-09-03 2019-01-31 Harting Electric Gmbh & Co. Kg Halterahmen mit Sperrelement
DE102018210234B3 (de) * 2018-06-22 2019-09-19 Würth Elektronik eiSos Gmbh & Co. KG Kontakt für Direktsteckverbindung und Direktsteckverbindung
DE102018210237A1 (de) * 2018-06-22 2019-12-24 Würth Elektronik eiSos Gmbh & Co. KG Kontakt für Direktsteckverbinder und Direktsteckverbinder
US11808093B2 (en) 2018-07-17 2023-11-07 DynaEnergetics Europe GmbH Oriented perforating system
US11339614B2 (en) 2020-03-31 2022-05-24 DynaEnergetics Europe GmbH Alignment sub and orienting sub adapter
US10931037B2 (en) * 2018-07-25 2021-02-23 J.S.T. Corporation Dual contact IDC header pin
JP7044043B2 (ja) 2018-11-30 2022-03-30 オムロン株式会社 センサ
DE102019119588A1 (de) * 2019-07-19 2021-01-21 HARTING Electronics GmbH Kontaktelement zum elektrischen Verbinden von Leiterkarten und Verfahren zur Montage einer Leiterkartenanordnung
CZ2022303A3 (cs) 2019-12-10 2022-08-24 DynaEnergetics Europe GmbH Hlava rozněcovadla
WO2021122797A1 (en) 2019-12-17 2021-06-24 DynaEnergetics Europe GmbH Modular perforating gun system
US11225848B2 (en) 2020-03-20 2022-01-18 DynaEnergetics Europe GmbH Tandem seal adapter, adapter assembly with tandem seal adapter, and wellbore tool string with adapter assembly
US11988049B2 (en) 2020-03-31 2024-05-21 DynaEnergetics Europe GmbH Alignment sub and perforating gun assembly with alignment sub
CN212805563U (zh) * 2020-07-20 2021-03-26 漳州立达信灯具有限公司 金属刺破端子及灯具
US11713625B2 (en) 2021-03-03 2023-08-01 DynaEnergetics Europe GmbH Bulkhead
US12000267B2 (en) 2021-09-24 2024-06-04 DynaEnergetics Europe GmbH Communication and location system for an autonomous frack system

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US3718895A (en) * 1971-02-01 1973-02-27 Amp Inc Connecting device for printed circuit board
US3764955A (en) * 1972-05-17 1973-10-09 Amp Inc Connecting and mounting means for substrates
US3820055A (en) * 1972-11-14 1974-06-25 Amp Inc Multi-contact connector and contact terminal for flat cable
US4186982A (en) * 1973-08-01 1980-02-05 Amp Incorporated Contact with split portion for engagement with substrate
US3845455A (en) * 1973-10-12 1974-10-29 Amp Inc Tubular conductor-in-slot connecting device
US4129351A (en) * 1974-06-20 1978-12-12 Matsushita Electric Industrial Company, Limited Connector assembly for printed circuit board
US3944313A (en) * 1974-07-31 1976-03-16 The Bendix Corporation Bifurcated electrical contact
US4260216A (en) * 1979-08-14 1981-04-07 Universal Instruments Corporation Spade terminal
US4261629A (en) * 1980-01-21 1981-04-14 Amp Incorporated Slotted plate terminal

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FI69726B (fi) 1985-11-29
FI812228L (fi) 1982-01-26
AR225227A1 (es) 1982-02-26
DE3168474D1 (en) 1985-03-07
AU7231181A (en) 1982-01-28
NO157878C (no) 1988-06-01
CA1161914A (en) 1984-02-07
DK155478B (da) 1989-04-10
ATE11469T1 (de) 1985-02-15
YU175981A (en) 1983-09-30
IE811574L (en) 1982-01-25
ES270772Y (es) 1984-03-01
IE52089B1 (en) 1987-06-10
BR8104583A (pt) 1982-04-06
FI69726C (fi) 1986-03-10
MX150202A (es) 1984-03-29
NO157878B (no) 1988-02-22
JPS5753074A (en) 1982-03-29
NO812495L (no) 1982-01-26
ES270772U (es) 1983-08-01
US4363529A (en) 1982-12-14
AU537714B2 (en) 1984-07-05
SG1588G (en) 1988-06-17
EP0045153A1 (en) 1982-02-03
JPH0138356B2 (es) 1989-08-14
HK29788A (en) 1988-04-29
DK155478C (da) 1989-10-30
DK332181A (da) 1982-01-26
IL63152A0 (en) 1981-09-13

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