EP0042612B1 - Dispositif de changement de la polarisation d'ondes électromagnétiques - Google Patents

Dispositif de changement de la polarisation d'ondes électromagnétiques Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0042612B1
EP0042612B1 EP81104793A EP81104793A EP0042612B1 EP 0042612 B1 EP0042612 B1 EP 0042612B1 EP 81104793 A EP81104793 A EP 81104793A EP 81104793 A EP81104793 A EP 81104793A EP 0042612 B1 EP0042612 B1 EP 0042612B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lines
meander
another
structures
layers
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP81104793A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0042612A1 (fr
Inventor
Erich Dipl.-Ing. Kandler
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP0042612A1 publication Critical patent/EP0042612A1/fr
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Publication of EP0042612B1 publication Critical patent/EP0042612B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
    • H01Q15/24—Polarising devices; Polarisation filters 
    • H01Q15/242—Polarisation converters
    • H01Q15/244—Polarisation converters converting a linear polarised wave into a circular polarised wave
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/42—Housings not intimately mechanically associated with radiating elements, e.g. radome
    • H01Q1/425—Housings not intimately mechanically associated with radiating elements, e.g. radome comprising a metallic grid

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for converting electromagnetic waves with a given polarization into those with circular polarization using a plurality of grating structures which are arranged in layers in front of a radiation aperture and which consist of conductors which are in the form of periodic meandering lines which are essentially parallel with respect to their main direction of expansion are trained.
  • radar antennas in particular target follower radar antennas
  • linear polarization since this enables the greatest range to be achieved under normal conditions.
  • rain cloud echo signals which have a spectral distribution similar to that of destination echo signals, cannot be distinguished from "real" destination echo signals.
  • circular polarization With circular polarization, the rain cloud echo signals are strongly attenuated. In general, due to the large level difference, a sufficient distinction between flight destinations and rain clouds is possible.
  • this problem is usually solved in such a way that the linear polarization of the antenna is converted into a circular polarization by a polarization grating, which is integrated in the radome attached in front of the radiation aperture.
  • the object of the invention is to design a device for converting electromagnetic waves with a given polarization into those with circular polarization of the type mentioned in such a way that the ellipticity of the circular polarization generated is considerably reduced over the entire bandwidth compared to the known circular polarization gratings.
  • this object is achieved in that at least one of the lattice structures is designed in such a way that its meandering lines are not all in phase with respect to their geometrical shape, but rather neighboring lines have a phase offset from one another.
  • the middle lattice structure is one whose neighboring meandering lines always have a phase shift
  • the two outer lattice structures are those whose meandering lines are all in phase with one another.
  • the middle lattice structure can be designed as such, the meandering lines of which are all in phase with one another, while the two outer lattice structures are those whose neighboring meandering lines always have a phase shift.
  • the individual lattice structures are advantageously arranged spatially with respect to one another such that the axes of the meandering lines, which are essentially parallel to one another, are offset from one another when viewed from above. This measure increases the bandwidth of the circular polarization grating, in particular at the upper frequency limit.
  • the meandering lines of a lattice structure are advantageously implemented as etched metal strips on a plastic film.
  • insulating layers are inserted between the foils, which e.g. can be formed in the form of a honeycomb structure, but can also consist, for example, of polymethacrylimide rigid foam as real layers of insulating material.
  • the circular polarization grating according to the invention can be used as an aperture cover of an antenna or can be integrated into such a cover (radome). Such an integration into the reflector cover can advantageously be realized in particular in the case of a target follower radar antenna with a reflector mirror.
  • FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of a section of a three-layer circular polarization grating according to the invention.
  • This grid consists of three carrier layers 1, 2 and 3, which are realized by plastic films. Etched meandering metal structures 4 to 10 are provided on these layers 1 and 3, which run parallel with respect to their axes and of which on each layer only a few are shown as an example.
  • the two metal structures 4, 5 and 9, 10 on the two outer carrier layers 1 and 3 are congruent, whereas the metal structures 6, 7 and 8 of the middle carrier layer 2 are offset such that they are approximately in the gaps between the Metal structures 4, 5 and 9, 10 run.
  • a layer 14 or 15 made of insulating material is introduced for spacing, which is preferably designed as a honeycomb structure Metal structures 9 and 10 of the carrier layer 3.
  • the situation is different for the middle carrier layer 2.
  • the individual meandering metal structures 6, 7 and 8 have a geometric phase offset from one another. It is pointed out once again that only a small part of the meandering metal structures is shown for each of the three carrier layers 1, 2 and 3, which in their entirety form a lattice structure per layer. 3 shows a top view of the upper carrier layer 3, onto which, among other things, the meandering metal structures 9 and 10 are applied. It can be seen from this figure that the individual metal structures running parallel to one another have no geometrical phase offset with respect to one another. In the same way, the lower carrier layer 1 is formed with its metal structures 4 and 5.
  • FIG. 4 A top view of a section of the middle carrier layer 2 with its meandering metal structures 6, 7 and 8 is shown in FIG. 4.
  • the length of a meandering period is labeled I.
  • the offset is 1/4.
  • An offset other than 1/4 can also lead to an improvement in the measurement parameter “ellipticity of circular polarization”.
  • FIG. 2 shows a cross-sectional view of the structure of the three-layer meander circular polarization grid according to FIG. 3, have.
  • the interface is designated A-B in Fig. 3.
  • the middle carrier layer 2 on the other hand, has a metal layer 13 with a phase-shifted meandering structure, cf. the meandering lines 6, 7 and 8 in Fig. 4 on.
  • the interface for this is designated in Fig. 4 with C-D.
  • the middle meander line structure can be a geometrically "in-phase” lattice, while the two outer structures each consist of meander lines that are "staggered” in terms of phase.

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  • Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)

Claims (9)

1. Dispositif pour transformer des ondes électromagnétiques d'une polarisation donnée en ondes électromagnétiques à polarisation circulaire, avec mise en ceuvre de plusieurs structures en forme de grilles (4 à 10) disposées en couches (1, 2, 3) devant une ouverture de rayonnement, et constituées par des conducteurs qui sont réalisés sous la forme de lignes en méandres, périodiques et s'étendant sensiblement parallèlement par rapport à leur direction principale d'extension, caractérisé par le fait qu'au moins l'une des structures en forme de grilles est réalisée de telle manière que ses lignes en méandres (6, 7, 8) ne sont pas toutes, du point de vue de leur allure géométrique, de même phase, mais que par contre des lignes voisines présentent entre elles un déphasage.
2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que dans le cas de la mise en oeuvre de trois structures en forme de grilles disposées en couches, la structure médiane en forme de grille est une structure en forme de grille dont les lignes en méandres (6, 7, 8) présentent toujours entre elles un déphasage, et les deux structures extérieures en forme de grilles sont des structures en forme de grilles dont les lignes en méandres (4, 5 et 9, 10) s'étendent en phase entre elles.
3. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que dans le cas de la mise en oeuvre de trois structures en forme de grilles disposées en couches, la structure médiane en forme de grille est une structure en forme de grille en méandres s'étendent toute en phase entre elles, et les deux structures en forme de grilles extérieures sont des structures en forme de grilles dont les lignes en méandres présentent toujours un déphasage entre elles.
4. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que les différentes structures en forme de grilles sont disposées dans l'espace de telle manière que les axes des lignes en méandres (4, 5 et 6, 7, 8) de deux structures voisines en forme de grilles, qui s'étendent sensiblement parallèlement entre eux, sont décalés entre eux, en vue en plan.
5. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que les lignes en forme de méandres (4 à 10) sont des bandes métalliques obtenues par attaque chimique sur une feuille en matière plastique (1, 2, 3).
6. Dispositif selon la revendication 5, caractérisé par le fait que pour assurer l'écartement entre les feuilles, on prévoit des couches d'une matière isolante (14, 15) qui sont réalisées sous la forme d'une structure en nid d'abeilles ou d'un produit alvéolaire dur.
7. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que dans le cas d'une structure courbe en forme de grille, c'est-à-dire non plane, les mesures prévues dans les revendications 1 à 4 sont, du point de vue de l'allure de la lignes en méandres, rapportées à la projection dans un plan perpendiculaire à l'axe du rayon principal, c'est-à-dire parallèle à l'ouverture du rayonnement.
8. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par la mise en oeuvre d'une couverture de l'ouverture d'une antenne.
9. Dispositif selon la revendication 8, caractérisé par le fait que l'antenne est une antenne de radar de poursuite avec un réflecteur et que les structures en forme de grille sont intégrées dans la couverture du réflecteur (Radom).
EP81104793A 1980-06-24 1981-06-22 Dispositif de changement de la polarisation d'ondes électromagnétiques Expired EP0042612B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3023562A DE3023562C2 (de) 1980-06-24 1980-06-24 Einrichtung zur Polarisationsumwandlung elektromagnetischer Wellen
DE3023562 1980-06-24

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0042612A1 EP0042612A1 (fr) 1981-12-30
EP0042612B1 true EP0042612B1 (fr) 1983-10-12

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP81104793A Expired EP0042612B1 (fr) 1980-06-24 1981-06-22 Dispositif de changement de la polarisation d'ondes électromagnétiques

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US4387377A (fr)
EP (1) EP0042612B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3023562C2 (fr)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4387377A (en) 1983-06-07
EP0042612A1 (fr) 1981-12-30
DE3023562A1 (de) 1982-01-14
DE3023562C2 (de) 1982-10-28

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