EP0041475A1 - Procédé de fabrication d'un dispositif d'allumage pour moteur à combustion interne, et dispositif d'allumage obtenu par ce procédé - Google Patents

Procédé de fabrication d'un dispositif d'allumage pour moteur à combustion interne, et dispositif d'allumage obtenu par ce procédé Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0041475A1
EP0041475A1 EP81810184A EP81810184A EP0041475A1 EP 0041475 A1 EP0041475 A1 EP 0041475A1 EP 81810184 A EP81810184 A EP 81810184A EP 81810184 A EP81810184 A EP 81810184A EP 0041475 A1 EP0041475 A1 EP 0041475A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
capsule
insulating body
base
central
metal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP81810184A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Jean-François Tromeur
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ESPADA ANSTALT
ESPADA ANSTALT UNIVERSAL MARKETING
Original Assignee
ESPADA ANSTALT
ESPADA ANSTALT UNIVERSAL MARKETING
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ESPADA ANSTALT, ESPADA ANSTALT UNIVERSAL MARKETING filed Critical ESPADA ANSTALT
Publication of EP0041475A1 publication Critical patent/EP0041475A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
    • H01T13/54—Sparking plugs having electrodes arranged in a partly-enclosed ignition chamber

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a plasma ignition device for an internal combustion engine, suitable in particular for igniting lean and / or hydrogenated mixtures and / or activated by catalysts, comprising an insulating body in which is formed an axial central bore arranged to receive an axial metal central electrode, a metal base comprising an axial central bore for housing the lower part of said insulating body and for securing the device on the engine block.
  • the present invention proposes to produce an ignition device of the aforementioned type, which does not require any fundamental modification of the engine.
  • the ignition device according to the invention retains, in its most general appearance, the shapes and external dimensions of a conventional spark plug comprising an insulating body containing an axial central electrode, and fixed in a threaded base arranged for attach the spark plug to the engine block and dissipate the heat from the insulating body.
  • the present invention proposes to eliminate the aforementioned drawbacks, by producing a device ignition allowing a plasma ignition of lean mixtures without fundamental modification of the engine, and by developing manufacturing and assembly techniques for this ignition device which can be produced by means of the fundamental components of conventional spark plugs .
  • the method according to the invention is characterized in that the metal central electrode is fixed to the insulating body and the insulating body to the metal base by means of a ceramic-metal brazing technique, in that the a metal capsule of generally cylindrical shape is produced comprising a central cavity forming a pre-combustion chamber and having a central circular opening on each of these flat faces, in that this capsule is subjected to a surface treatment to make it resistant at the high temperatures created by the plasma, and in that it is welded, by a technique of approximation under Joule effect, said capsule previously treated at the lower end of the base, so that the upper circular opening, provided in one of the flat faces of the capsule, is concentric with the end of the insulating body, and the free end of the central electrode is disposed substantially concentrically with respect to the opening lower circular part of the other flat face of the capsule.
  • the ignition device obtained by this process is characterized in that the central electrode is brazed to the insulating body, in that the insulating body is brazed to the base, and in that the ground electrode is constituted by a metal capsule of generally cylindrical shape comprising a central cavity forming a combustion chamber and a central circular opening on each of its flat faces, this capsule having previously undergone a surface treatment making it resistant to the high temperatures created by the plasma, and being fixed to the lower end of the base so that the central electrode is disposed in the pre-combustion chamber, substantially concentrically with respect to the lower opening of its flat face.
  • the ignition device hereinafter called convector l, essentially consists of an insulating body 2, an axial central electrode 3 housed inside the insulating body 2, and a base 4 which contains the lower part of the insulating body 2.
  • the central electrode consists of a middle section 5 in the form of a substantially cylindrical rod housed inside a bore cylindrical 6 of the insulating body 2.
  • the upper end 7 is at least partially externally threaded to allow the screwing of a connection olive.
  • a cap 8 is fixed which covers and protects the upper point of the insulating body 2.
  • the lower end 9 of the central electrode exceeds the lower point of the body insulator 2 and cooperates with the ground electrode to create the spark, as in a conventional spark plug.
  • the central electrode is fixed to the insulating body by a brazing technique which will be described in more detail below, in such a way that the soldering makes it possible to fix the central electrode to the insulating body at its coldest point. that is to say its upper end and that the seal is perfectly ensured.
  • the base 4 of the convector shown has a thread intended to fix the convector to the engine block, to constitute both the mechanical connection and the thermal bridge intended to dissipate the heat of the insulator.
  • a brazing technique was used to fix the insulating body 2 in the central bore in the base 4.
  • the insulating body 2 made of ceramic, produced with precision, includes support shoulders 11 and 12 which cooperate with corresponding shoulders formed in the base 4, to ensure precise seating of the insulating body inside the base.
  • the brazing technique consists in metallizing the surface of the ceramic beforehand using a spray of molybdenum and manganese powder.
  • a tube made of a metallic alloy for example an alloy marketed under the Dilver type, preferably having a coefficient of expansion intermediate between those of the ceramic and the steel of the base, and to introduce these elements pre-assembled in position in the base.
  • the tube 13 will at least partially surround the lower part of the insulating body 2 and will be disposed opposite an annular recess 14, formed in the wall of the base 4, to allow deformation of the tube 13.
  • brazing rod 16 for example of a copper-silver alloy
  • the assembly will be subjected to a heat treatment, by passing through the convector, a furnace passing under a reducing atmosphere at high temperature, which will cause the fusion of the brazing rod and its ascent by capillarity between the tube 13, the insulating body 2 and the metal base 4.
  • This new technique eliminates the mechanical shocks of the crimping as it was carried out within the framework of the manufacture of conventional candles, and allows to have a brazing surface of the order of 330 m, which allows a much greater dissipation. and considerably increases the polythermia of the convector.
  • This brazing operation simultaneously ensures internal sealing at the central electrode and the terminal screw. To do this, it is also sufficient to place brazing rods 16a, 16b, so that this molten material flows along the central electrode 5 and the cap 8 and ensures the brazing of the central electrode and the cap 8 on the insulating body 2.
  • This manufacturing technique makes it possible to eliminate the mechanical forces and shocks due to the crimping of conventional spark plugs, forces and shocks which can cause tensions which cannot be detected when cold, but which can cause the rupture of the insulating body following successive thermal shocks. during the operation of the internal combustion engine.
  • the lower end of the convector comprises a capsule 17, which constitutes the ground electrode of this convector.
  • This ground electrode which will be described in more detail with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3, is welded to the lower edge of the base 4, by a technique of welding by bringing together under the Joule effect.
  • this element is preferably constituted by a generally cylindrical part produced by turning, treated during an appropriate surface treatment operation, then soldered on the base.
  • the capsule 17 comprises a central cavity 18 communi - as with two circular openings 19 and 20.
  • the upper opening 19 defines with the side wall of the cylindrical body of the capsule 17, a board 21 intended to be fixed to the lower annular edge of the base 4.
  • the lower opening 20 defines an annular edge 22 which constitutes the active edge of the ground electrode of the convector.
  • the capsule 17 has three flats 23, into which respectively open three bores. 24 which communicate with the interior cavity 18.
  • the capsule 17 In order for the capsule 17 to be able to withstand the high temperatures created by the plasma, it undergoes a surface treatment which is preferably a chromium cementation treatment and in particular a hard chromization treatment, which makes it possible to obtain a layer relatively fine formed of chromium carbide of a very high hardness.
  • a surface treatment which is preferably a chromium cementation treatment and in particular a hard chromization treatment, which makes it possible to obtain a layer relatively fine formed of chromium carbide of a very high hardness.
  • a surface treatment which is preferably a chromium cementation treatment and in particular a hard chromization treatment, which makes it possible to obtain a layer relatively fine formed of chromium carbide of a very high hardness.
  • a surface treatment which is preferably a chromium cementation treatment and in particular a hard chromization treatment, which makes it possible to obtain a layer relatively fine formed of chromium carbide of a very
  • the convection candle or convector provided with its capsule acting as precombustion chamber, allows the mixture to be previously compressed in this prechamber, to be ignited by a rotary electric discharge having the forms an ionizing iris, causing the plasma which activates the chain reaction of combustion in the main chamber of the engine cylinder.
  • One of the advantages of the convection capsule is that it makes it possible to use the components of conventional candles with prominent insulating tips, at the end of the base of which the convection capsule is welded replacing the conventional mass electrode.
  • a small aluminum alloy centering tube is used which is introduced into the opening 20 of the capsule (see FIG. 2) and on the end 9 (see FIG. 1) of the central electrode 3.
  • the internal diameter of the centering tube corresponds substantially to the external diameter of the end 9 of the central electrode, and its external diameter corresponds substantially to the internal diameter of the circular opening 20 of the capsule.
  • the thickness of the walls of the centering tube is substantially equal to the difference in the diameters of the opening 20 and from the end 9 of the central electrode.
  • the ignition device or convector in which the heat dissipation is greatly improved, has the advantage of being polythermic. Therefore, a single convector, by its thermal elasticity, can advantageously replace a range of conventional candles, each of which corresponds to a low range of thermicity.
  • An ignition system using the ignition device as described, can advantageously be supplemented by a high frequency pulsed current generator, with the aim of promoting the formation of a plasma.

Landscapes

  • Spark Plugs (AREA)
  • Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
EP81810184A 1980-05-30 1981-05-15 Procédé de fabrication d'un dispositif d'allumage pour moteur à combustion interne, et dispositif d'allumage obtenu par ce procédé Withdrawn EP0041475A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH4212/80 1980-05-30
CH421280A CH624509A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1980-05-30 1980-05-30

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0041475A1 true EP0041475A1 (fr) 1981-12-09

Family

ID=4271887

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP81810184A Withdrawn EP0041475A1 (fr) 1980-05-30 1981-05-15 Procédé de fabrication d'un dispositif d'allumage pour moteur à combustion interne, et dispositif d'allumage obtenu par ce procédé

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US4490122A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
EP (1) EP0041475A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS5798993A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
AU (1) AU7110881A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BR (1) BR8103408A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CH (1) CH624509A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2147361A (en) * 1983-10-01 1985-05-09 Smiths Industries Plc Igniters for gas turbine engines
EP1221187A1 (en) 1999-08-05 2002-07-10 Halo, Inc. Method of manufacturing a spark plug with concentrically disposed double ring ground electrode

Families Citing this family (39)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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US5051651A (en) * 1988-11-24 1991-09-24 Tadaharu Fujiwara Ignition plug with a hollow cylindrical ground electrode and an ignition process by the use thereof
JP2843609B2 (ja) * 1989-09-09 1999-01-06 ジャトコ株式会社 ロックアップクラッチの作動制御装置
JPH0466085U (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1990-10-17 1992-06-10
US6198209B1 (en) * 1997-12-22 2001-03-06 Caterpillar Inc. Shielded spark plug electrode
US6495948B1 (en) 1998-03-02 2002-12-17 Pyrotek Enterprises, Inc. Spark plug
US6402057B1 (en) 2000-08-24 2002-06-11 Synerject, Llc Air assist fuel injectors and method of assembling air assist fuel injectors
AT410151B (de) * 2001-06-05 2003-02-25 Jenbacher Ag Zündkerze einer brennkraftmaschine
AT410150B (de) * 2001-06-05 2003-02-25 Jenbacher Ag Zündkerze einer brennkraftmaschine
RU2279862C1 (ru) * 2005-01-11 2006-07-20 Государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Пермская государственная медицинская академия Министерства Здравоохранения Российской Федерации" Щитовой аппарат для устранения миофункциональных нарушений
FR2881281B1 (fr) * 2005-01-26 2011-04-22 Renault Sas Bougie a generation de plasma
US7922551B2 (en) * 2005-06-07 2011-04-12 Woodward, Inc. Pre-chamber spark plug
TWI352368B (en) * 2007-09-21 2011-11-11 Ind Tech Res Inst Plasma head and plasma-discharging device using th
US20090206069A1 (en) * 2007-09-23 2009-08-20 Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. Heating element systems
CZ2007738A3 (cs) * 2007-10-23 2009-05-06 Technická univerzita v Liberci Zapalovací svícka
CN101939592A (zh) * 2007-12-29 2011-01-05 圣戈本陶瓷及塑料股份有限公司 陶瓷性加热元件
US20090179023A1 (en) * 2007-12-29 2009-07-16 Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. Ceramic heating elements having open-face structure and methods of fabrication thereof
JP5113106B2 (ja) 2008-03-07 2013-01-09 日本特殊陶業株式会社 プラズマジェット点火プラグの製造方法
US7944135B2 (en) * 2008-08-29 2011-05-17 Federal-Mogul Ignition Company Spark plug and methods of construction thereof
WO2010033797A1 (en) * 2008-09-18 2010-03-25 Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. Resistance heater air heating device
US9476347B2 (en) 2010-11-23 2016-10-25 Woodward, Inc. Controlled spark ignited flame kernel flow in fuel-fed prechambers
US9172217B2 (en) 2010-11-23 2015-10-27 Woodward, Inc. Pre-chamber spark plug with tubular electrode and method of manufacturing same
US8584648B2 (en) 2010-11-23 2013-11-19 Woodward, Inc. Controlled spark ignited flame kernel flow
DE102012208069A1 (de) 2012-05-15 2013-11-21 Man Diesel & Turbo Se Zündkerze für eine Brennkraftmaschine
US9856848B2 (en) 2013-01-08 2018-01-02 Woodward, Inc. Quiescent chamber hot gas igniter
US9765682B2 (en) 2013-06-10 2017-09-19 Woodward, Inc. Multi-chamber igniter
US8839762B1 (en) 2013-06-10 2014-09-23 Woodward, Inc. Multi-chamber igniter
US9144148B2 (en) 2013-07-25 2015-09-22 Hypertherm, Inc. Devices for gas cooling plasma arc torches and related systems and methods
DE102014111897B4 (de) * 2013-10-31 2020-06-25 Borgwarner Ludwigsburg Gmbh Zündeinrichtung zum Zünden von Brennstoff-Luft-Gemischen in einer Brennkammer eines Verbrennungsmotors durch eine Korona-Entladung
CN103812012B (zh) * 2014-02-09 2017-08-22 大连理工大学 一种用于内燃机的等离子点火火花塞
US9653886B2 (en) 2015-03-20 2017-05-16 Woodward, Inc. Cap shielded ignition system
US9840963B2 (en) 2015-03-20 2017-12-12 Woodward, Inc. Parallel prechamber ignition system
US9890689B2 (en) 2015-10-29 2018-02-13 Woodward, Inc. Gaseous fuel combustion
DE102016120984B4 (de) 2016-11-03 2018-10-18 Federal-Mogul Ignition Gmbh Vorkammerzündkerze für eine mit Gas betriebene Brennkraftmaschine und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung
US10639748B2 (en) * 2017-02-24 2020-05-05 Lincoln Global, Inc. Brazed electrode for plasma cutting torch
WO2018213264A2 (en) * 2017-05-15 2018-11-22 Cummins Inc. Combustion pre-chamber assemblies for an internal combustion engine
US10879677B2 (en) * 2018-01-04 2020-12-29 Tenneco Inc. Shaped collet for electrical stress grading in corona ignition systems
CN109538357B (zh) * 2018-11-19 2021-01-01 陕西航空电气有限责任公司 一种小型半导体电嘴结构及加工方法
CN109854388B (zh) * 2018-12-13 2021-12-24 陕西航空电气有限责任公司 一种微型半导体电嘴结构
JP7274320B2 (ja) * 2019-03-20 2023-05-16 株式会社Soken 内燃機関用のスパークプラグ

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FR41884E (fr) * 1932-06-04 1933-05-01 Fr Des Bougies Pognon Soc Procédé de fabrication de la tige centrale porte-électrode des bougies d'allumage, et dispositifs de réalisation du procédé
FR814611A (fr) * 1935-06-19 1937-06-26 Siemens Ag Procédé pour l'obtention d'assemblages, étanches aux gaz, de pièces céramiques entre elles ou avec des pièces métalliques
US2205196A (en) * 1937-06-16 1940-06-18 H B Motor Corp Spark plug
GB579599A (en) * 1944-04-17 1946-08-08 Gen Motors Corp Improved spark plugs
US2478656A (en) * 1946-07-17 1949-08-09 Hastings Mfg Co Spark plug
GB674002A (en) * 1948-12-08 1952-06-18 Stackpole Carbon Co Improvements in or relating to spark plugs and method of making same
FR1190351A (fr) * 1957-01-30 1959-10-12 Itallana Magneti Marelli Fab Bougies d'allumage avec électrodes traitées par procédé de diffusion intermétallique
CH392992A (de) * 1961-06-27 1965-05-31 Kuester Leo Zündkerze
FR1500692A (fr) * 1966-11-17 1967-11-03 Bosch Gmbh Robert Bougie d'allumage et de chauffage, pouvant être alimentée sélectivement en courant d'allumage et en courant de chauffage
CH549884A (fr) * 1973-09-21 1974-05-31 Lectra Holding Sa Bougie d'allumage.
US3984717A (en) * 1973-08-30 1976-10-05 Chrysler Corporation Spark plug
US4028576A (en) * 1975-07-21 1977-06-07 David Wofsey Sonic spark plug
FR2437713A1 (fr) * 1978-09-29 1980-04-25 Smiths Industries Ltd Allumeur electrique et procede d'allumage de melanges gazeux

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US2150723A (en) * 1939-03-14 Spabk plug
US1998158A (en) * 1931-08-18 1935-04-16 Irvin Theodore Spark plug
US2616407A (en) * 1949-10-22 1952-11-04 Vernon R Thomas Spark plug
GB740872A (en) * 1953-11-20 1955-11-23 K L G Sparking Plugs Ltd Improvements in or relating to surface discharge plugs
US3056899A (en) * 1959-11-23 1962-10-02 William G Clayton Spark plug adapter

Patent Citations (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR41884E (fr) * 1932-06-04 1933-05-01 Fr Des Bougies Pognon Soc Procédé de fabrication de la tige centrale porte-électrode des bougies d'allumage, et dispositifs de réalisation du procédé
FR814611A (fr) * 1935-06-19 1937-06-26 Siemens Ag Procédé pour l'obtention d'assemblages, étanches aux gaz, de pièces céramiques entre elles ou avec des pièces métalliques
US2205196A (en) * 1937-06-16 1940-06-18 H B Motor Corp Spark plug
GB579599A (en) * 1944-04-17 1946-08-08 Gen Motors Corp Improved spark plugs
US2478656A (en) * 1946-07-17 1949-08-09 Hastings Mfg Co Spark plug
GB674002A (en) * 1948-12-08 1952-06-18 Stackpole Carbon Co Improvements in or relating to spark plugs and method of making same
FR1190351A (fr) * 1957-01-30 1959-10-12 Itallana Magneti Marelli Fab Bougies d'allumage avec électrodes traitées par procédé de diffusion intermétallique
CH392992A (de) * 1961-06-27 1965-05-31 Kuester Leo Zündkerze
FR1500692A (fr) * 1966-11-17 1967-11-03 Bosch Gmbh Robert Bougie d'allumage et de chauffage, pouvant être alimentée sélectivement en courant d'allumage et en courant de chauffage
US3984717A (en) * 1973-08-30 1976-10-05 Chrysler Corporation Spark plug
CH549884A (fr) * 1973-09-21 1974-05-31 Lectra Holding Sa Bougie d'allumage.
US4028576A (en) * 1975-07-21 1977-06-07 David Wofsey Sonic spark plug
FR2437713A1 (fr) * 1978-09-29 1980-04-25 Smiths Industries Ltd Allumeur electrique et procede d'allumage de melanges gazeux

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2147361A (en) * 1983-10-01 1985-05-09 Smiths Industries Plc Igniters for gas turbine engines
EP1221187A1 (en) 1999-08-05 2002-07-10 Halo, Inc. Method of manufacturing a spark plug with concentrically disposed double ring ground electrode

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS5798993A (en) 1982-06-19
CH624509A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1981-07-31
BR8103408A (pt) 1982-02-24
US4490122A (en) 1984-12-25
AU7110881A (en) 1981-12-03

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