EP0040690B1 - Dispositif pour la combustion de matières oxydables dans les gaz d'échappement - Google Patents

Dispositif pour la combustion de matières oxydables dans les gaz d'échappement Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0040690B1
EP0040690B1 EP81102739A EP81102739A EP0040690B1 EP 0040690 B1 EP0040690 B1 EP 0040690B1 EP 81102739 A EP81102739 A EP 81102739A EP 81102739 A EP81102739 A EP 81102739A EP 0040690 B1 EP0040690 B1 EP 0040690B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heat exchanger
combustion apparatus
burner
combustion
longitudinal axis
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP81102739A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0040690A1 (fr
Inventor
Wilhelm Betz
Herbert J. Obermüller
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sequa & Co Megtec Systems KG GmbH
Original Assignee
KATEC KATALYTISCHE LUFTTECHNIK BETZ & Co GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by KATEC KATALYTISCHE LUFTTECHNIK BETZ & Co GmbH filed Critical KATEC KATALYTISCHE LUFTTECHNIK BETZ & Co GmbH
Priority to AT81102739T priority Critical patent/ATE5022T1/de
Publication of EP0040690A1 publication Critical patent/EP0040690A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0040690B1 publication Critical patent/EP0040690B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
    • F23G7/06—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases
    • F23G7/061—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases with supplementary heating
    • F23G7/065—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases with supplementary heating using gaseous or liquid fuel
    • F23G7/066—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases with supplementary heating using gaseous or liquid fuel preheating the waste gas by the heat of the combustion, e.g. recuperation type incinerator

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a combustion device for the combustion of oxidizable substances in exhaust gases, but in particular the design of the heat exchanger and the design of an inflow space into which a burner axially fires.
  • Combustion devices of this type are becoming increasingly important in the context of environmental protection, in particular in those cases in which small quantities of oxidizable substances have to be removed from large amounts of exhaust air because the legal provisions so require.
  • Such a combustion device is known from US-A-3607118 and from DE-B2-2352204.
  • the gases are fed through a recuperative heat exchanger to a burner firing in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the combustion device into a flame tube and, after leaving an actual combustion chamber, serve as heating gases for the heat exchanger.
  • the heat exchanger is designed as a tube bundle of straight tubes that extends concentrically to the longitudinal axis within the combustion device, the ends of which are welded into perforated plates.
  • the object of the present invention was to provide a combustion device in which the heat exchanger is designed such that temperature-related different expansions of individual pipes do not generate any thermal stresses on the end plates of the heat exchanger and that one end of the heat exchanger is formed at the same time in such a way that the inflow conditions of the burner can be improved.
  • a combustion device for burning oxidizable substances in exhaust gases with a burner and a mixing device, an adjoining high-speed pipe, a swirl chamber located at its free end and designed as a combustion chamber, the high-speed pipe projecting concentrically into the swirl chamber, and one with the Whirl chamber via a post-combustion chamber connected to this concentrically surrounding heat exchanger, in which the individual tubes of the tube bundle extending parallel to the longitudinal axis are inserted at one end into the end wall of the exhaust gas inlet annular space, and a burner stem arranged around the longitudinal axis of the combustion device has such a diameter, that an annular gap is created between the edge of the burner stem and the inflow cone.
  • the characteristic of the invention is that the individual tubes of the heat exchanger are bent at their other ends inwards onto the longitudinal axis of the combustion device, the bent ends being inserted in a drum concentrically surrounding the burner stem and the individual tubes of the heat exchanger concentrating on the longitudinal axis Circular rings are arranged so that the air flows around them at approximately the same speed.
  • this end of the heat exchanger Due to the bending of the individual tubes of the heat exchanger in the direction of the axis of the combustion device and the penetration of the tube ends into a preferably cylindrical or conical perforated drum arranged concentrically around the longitudinal axis, this end of the heat exchanger is no longer directly flown by the hot flue gases, but rather these are deflected and deflected by a connecting wall so that they strike a section of the pipe that has not yet been bent. As a result, the thermal load on the connection points between the pipe ends and the drum becomes more uniform.
  • the burner stem designed so that an annular gap is formed between the end of the burner stem with the inflow cone.
  • the burner stem is provided with gas passage openings of such a size that their overall cross-section brings about a division of the gas flow emerging from the heat exchanger into the inflow space.
  • One partial gas flow enters the high-speed tube through the annular gap, and the other partial flow passes through the openings directly into the interior of the burner stem, in which the actual fuel flame is generated. In this way, a particularly intensive mixture of the exhaust air with the fuel is achieved and the oxygen required for burning is extracted from the exhaust air.
  • the burner stem is designed to be displaceable in the direction of the longitudinal axis, and / or the end of the burner stem facing the mixing chamber has an adjustable, attached aperture ring.
  • This aperture ring has devices that allow adjustment from the outside without interruptions in operation.
  • the diameter of the burner stem and drum are dimensioned such that the inflow space that arises between them is sufficiently large to be able to accommodate an annular injection device for further substances. If, in this embodiment of the invention, an injection device is present in the inflow space, there is the possibility of further optimizing the mode of operation of the combustion device according to the invention by introducing liquid or gaseous substances such as water, waste liquids and the like. The evaporation of the injected liquid products takes place on the basis of the existing radiation energy of the burner.
  • the cross section of the flame tube or high-speed tube is very narrow, so that flow velocities of 40 to 60 m / sec can be achieved.
  • the end of the flame tube facing the burner stem is conical as a Venturi tube, the interior of which serves as an additional mixing zone for the exhaust air with the burner gases.
  • the other end of the high-speed tube extends into the main combustion chamber.
  • the inventive design of the heat exchanger end and the inflow chamber achieves such an intensive premixing of the exhaust gas with the fuel that, at the high flow velocities in the flame tube, the contaminants contained in the exhaust gases are largely or completely burned off at temperatures of 720 ° in the combustion chamber.
  • the separation of the heat exchanger part and the combustion chamber part in the combustion device has the particular advantage that the length and size of the actual combustion chamber on the tube can be varied depending on the requirements of the actual combustion process, but the heat exchanger part and the head part of the combustion device do not have to be changed. This, however, enables inexpensive series production of these parts in several basic sizes, while the high-speed pipe and combustion chamber can be adapted to the specific conditions.
  • the inventive design of the combustion device allows systems for an exhaust air throughput of 5000 m 3 , but also of 20 000 m 3 to be carried out in a particularly compact design and with these systems, impurity levels in the exhaust air from 100 mg to several grams per m 3 safely and can be reliably eliminated and in this way comply with the statutory provisions on the permissible limit values in exhaust air.
  • the particular advantage of the combustion device according to the invention is that it permits production-related interruptions in operation, without thermal voltages being able to build up during heating and cooling, in particular in the area of the heat exchanger, which can lead to damage in the device.
  • the combustion device shown in FIG. 1 consists of a high-speed tube 1 which is variable in length and narrow in cross section, the rear end of which projects into the actual combustion chamber 4.
  • the high-speed pipe 1 preferably extends far into the combustion chamber, so that an annular space is created between the end thereof and the end wall of the combustion device, which results in a transition into the actual combustion chamber 4.
  • This configuration creates an intense turbulence of the gas flow in the actual combustion chamber 4 in order to prevent the deposition of solid particles contained in the exhaust gases Avoid walls of the vortex chamber 4 and to allow such particles to burn almost completely.
  • internals can also be present in order to give the gas flow an additional swirl and to increase the turbulence. This also increases the residence time of solid particles in the swirl chamber 4, so that the combustion of the particles improves.
  • the opposite end 1 of the high-speed or flame tube (HGR) 1 is designed as a Venturi tube and serves as a mixing device or additional mixing space.
  • the annular space 9, which partially surrounds the HGR 1, serves as an afterburning space and connects to the combustion space 4.
  • a burner stem 14 adjoins the venturi part 1a of the HGR 1 axially in such a way that an annular gap 2 is formed between the inflow cone 7 and the burner stem 14, through which part of the exhaust gas can enter the HGR 1.
  • the burner designated by number 13 is understood to mean any type of conventional industrial burner, including so-called surface burners, which are designed either as primary or as secondary air burners.
  • the essential parts of the burner 13 can be attached outside the overall system and concentrically to the system axis on the front side of the combustion device.
  • the burner stem 14 has holes through which a partial flow of the exhaust gas from the inflow space 15 can reach the flame 3.
  • the burner stem 14 is surrounded concentrically at a distance by a cylindrical or conical perforated drum 6.
  • One end of the drum 6 is connected by the flow cone 7 to the end of the mixing device 1a a of the high-speed tube 1.
  • the other end face of the drum 6 is connected to the outer wall of the combustion device via the partition 8 and thus closes off the inflow space 15 from the outer space 17.
  • This partition is preferably designed as a movable membrane or has corrugated expansion joints.
  • the drum 6 has a cylindrical or conical shape and the wall is perforated to receive the ends of the individual tubes of the tube bundle of the heat exchanger 5. These tubes are welded or rolled into the holes in the drum to produce a gas-tight connection.
  • the individual tubes of the heat exchanger tube bundle 5 are not shown as such, but only as a block.
  • the individual tubes are arranged on circular rings concentric to the longitudinal axis. The distance and the arrangement are chosen so that the flow velocity of the gases on the surface of the tubes is the same.
  • the flow rate is preferably 8-18 m / sec.
  • This tube bundle extends from the drum 6 initially in the direction of the outer wall of the combustion device and then bends in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis of the combustion device and runs through the outer space of the heat exchanger 17 and ends at the end wall to the exhaust gas inlet annular chamber 17. Also at this end are the individual pipes of the Tube bundle welded or rolled into the wall.
  • This configuration of the tube bundle 5 in the outer space 17 creates a recuperative heat exchanger in which the cold gases flow in the tubes and these tubes are surrounded by the hot combustion gases outside in the so-called outer space 17, so that the exhaust gas supplied to the combustion device is heated by the hot combustion gases is preheated.
  • the outer space of the heat exchanger 17 has a combustion outlet connection 11 at the end adjoining the inlet annular chamber 12.
  • the tube bundle 5 is held within the outer space 17 by spacers 5a, which are arranged and designed such that the gases get a swirl and move spirally through the space 17 with the tube bundle 5 arranged therein, so that a good heat transfer from the hot combustion gases to the initially cooler exhaust gases.
  • FIG. 1 a a section along the line A-B of FIG. 1, shows the ends of the tubes of the heat exchanger tube bundle 5, which are inserted in the drum 6 and are bent inwards towards the longitudinal axis of the combustion device.
  • the space created between the burner stem 14 and the drum 6 is the inflow space 15.
  • FIG. 2 shows the embodiment in which an injection device 18 is additionally arranged in the inflow space 15 in order to be able to introduce further substances into the combustion device.
  • an annular injection device is preferred, but this is not mandatory.
  • Other shapes are possible and suitable.
  • an adjustable aperture ring 19 is available.
  • 20,000 Nm 3 of exhaust gas from a process in which different types of solvents are used flow through the exhaust gas inlet stub 10 into the exhaust gas inlet ring chamber 12 in front of the heat exchanger 5 of the combustion device in the middle from above or tangentially from above, for example at 100 ° C.
  • the exhaust gas is distributed evenly over the entire number of individual tubes of the heat exchanger 5, flows through them and is heated to 550 ° C. in the process.
  • the preheated exhaust gas leaves the heat exchanger 5 through the openings in the drum 6 and arrives in the inflow space 15. From there it partly reaches the actual flame 3 through the openings in the burner stem 14, while another partial flow through the ring gap 2 enters the Venturi part 1 (mixing device) of the flame tube 1 directly.
  • the partial flow which reaches the flame 3 through the burner stem 14, supplies the flame with the oxygen required and mixes intensively with the fuel due to the inflow.
  • the exhaust gas flow entering through the annular gap 2 is mixed in the mixing device 1 a with the fuel already mixed with the exhaust gas.
  • an embodiment which enables the cross-section of the annular gap 2 to be adjusted. This can be done either by an adjustable aperture ring 19 placed on the end of the burner stem 14 or by the burner stem which is designed to be displaceable in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the combustion device.
  • By changing the cross-section of the annular gap 2 its area can vary in relation to the open area of the burner stem 14, and thus the division of the gas flow can be controlled.
  • the burner 13 fires in the direction of the high-speed tube 1 along the axis of the combustion device.
  • the high-speed tube 1 surrounded by the afterburning chamber 9, which represents the smaller part of the total combustion volume.
  • this flame tube 1 which is small in diameter and at least protrudes in length beyond the length of the heat exchanger, there is further mixing of the exhaust gases and the flame smoke gases as well as heating thereof by approximately 80 ° C. to approximately 630 ° C.
  • the mixed exhaust gases are swirled and diverted, if necessary, by additional swirl devices, thereby reaching the actual combustion or swirl chamber 4, where they heat up by a further 120 ° C. to approximately 750 ° C. (natural heat due to exothermic reaction).
  • the exhaust gases are in turn deflected by 180 ° and thereby moved through the combustion chamber 4 in the direction of the afterburning chamber 9, with an additional swirling of the exhaust gases being brought about.
  • the gases on the connecting wall between the flame tube and the cylindrical drum are deflected and deflected into the outer chamber 17 of the heat exchanger.
  • the oxidized hot flue gas flows through the ring bundle (tube or pocket bundle) of the heat exchanger 5, the flue gas flowing around the tube bundle from the inside to the outside or from the outside to the inside.
  • the hot flue gases are cooled to approximately 315 ° C. and leave the combustion device through the outlet connection 11.
  • the burner 13 is automatically regulated to a higher output, so that an almost constant temperature of 720 to 750 ° C. in the combustion chamber is made possible.
  • unburned exhaust gas can be injected directly into the flame tube via a passage connecting the inlet annular space 12 and the flame tube, which is then not shown in the illustration, and which is then opened without this part of the Exhaust gas has previously been heated in the heat exchanger.
  • the combustion device which is made of all-steel or masonry or in combinations, also has a manhole on the end face, which is arranged concentrically with the axis of the overall system and is not shown in the figure, which allows the flame tube 1 to be walked on.
  • Observation flaps for direct observation of the flame and temperature measuring devices can also be arranged on this end face adjoining the actual combustion chamber 4.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
  • Combustion Of Fluid Fuel (AREA)
  • Air Supply (AREA)

Claims (6)

1. Installation de combustion pour la combustion de substances oxydables dans des gaz d'échappement, comprenant un brûleur (13) et un dispositif de mélange (1a), un tube à vitesse rapide (1) qui s'y raccorde, une chambre tourbillonnaire (4) placée à son extrémité libre, réalisée comme chambre de combustion, le tube à vitesse rapide (1) faisant saillie concentriquement dans la chambre tourbillonnaire (4), ladite installation de combustion comportant également un échangeur de chaleur (5) en liaison avec la chambre tourbillonnaire (4) par un espace de post-combustion (9) et entourant celui-ci concentriquement, installation dans laquelle chaque tube du faisceau de tubes s'étendant parallèlement à l'axe longitudinal est inséré, à une extrémité, dans la paroi frontale de l'espace annulaire d'entrée des gaz d'échappement (12), et un avant-corps de brûleur (14) disposé autour de l'axe longitudinal de l'installation de combustion, présente un diamètre tel qu'entre le bord de l'avant-corps de brûleur (14) et le cône d'afflux (7) se trouve un interstice annulaire, caractérisé par le fait que les tubes de l'échangeur (5), à leur autre extrémité, sont recourbés vers l'intérieur sur l'axe longitudinal de l'installation de combustion, les extrémités recourbées étant insérées dans un tambour (6) entourant concentriquement l'avant-corps de brûleur (14) et les tubes de l'échangeur de chaleur (5) étant disposés sur des cercles concentriques à l'axe longitudinal de façon qu'ils soient parcourus à une vitesse d'air presque identique.
2. Dispositif de combustion selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que le tambour (6) est de forme cylindrique ou conique et qu'il est relié, par une extrémité, par un cône d'afflux (7) au dispositif de mélange (1a) et au tube à vitesse rapide (1) qui s'y raccorde, et de l'autre extrémité s'étend une paroi mobile de séparation (8) jusqu'à la paroi extérieure du dispositif de combustion.
3. Dispositif de combustion selon l'une des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé par le fait que chaque tube du faisceau de l'échangeur de chaleur (5) est recourbé presque à angle droit vers l'intérieur par rapport à l'axe longitudinal du dispositif de combustion.
4. Dispositif de combustion selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé par le fait que chaque tube du faisceau de l'échangeur de chaleur (5) est recourbé presque à angle droit vers le tambour conique (6).
5. Dispositif de combustion selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé par le fait que l'avant-corps de brûleur (14) est formé de façon à pouvoir être déplacé dans la direction de l'axe longitudinal du dispositif de combustion et à l'extrémité de l'avant-corps de brûleur (14) qui est tournée vers l'installation de mélange (1a) est disposée une bague réglable de mélange (19).
6. Dispositif de combustion selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé par le fait que l'espace d'afflux (15) formé entre le tambour (6) entourant l'avant-corps de brûleur (14) et l'avant-corps de brûleur (14) a une dimension telle qu'un dispositif à tuyère (18) de forme annulaire puisse y être disposé.
EP81102739A 1980-04-14 1981-04-10 Dispositif pour la combustion de matières oxydables dans les gaz d'échappement Expired EP0040690B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT81102739T ATE5022T1 (de) 1980-04-14 1981-04-10 Einrichtung zur verbrennung oxidierbarer substanzen in abgasen.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3014269A DE3014269C2 (de) 1980-04-14 1980-04-14 Verbrennungseinrichtung zur Verbrennung von Störstoffen in Abluft- und Abfallsubstanzen
DE3014269 1980-04-14

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0040690A1 EP0040690A1 (fr) 1981-12-02
EP0040690B1 true EP0040690B1 (fr) 1983-10-12

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP81102739A Expired EP0040690B1 (fr) 1980-04-14 1981-04-10 Dispositif pour la combustion de matières oxydables dans les gaz d'échappement

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EP (1) EP0040690B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE5022T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE3014269C2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3532232A1 (de) * 1985-09-10 1987-03-19 Katec Betz Gmbh & Co Vorrichtung zum verbrennen oxidierbarer bestandteile in einem traegergas
DE3605415A1 (de) * 1986-02-20 1987-08-27 Katec Betz Gmbh & Co Verfahren und vorrichtung zum verbrennen oxidierbarer bestandteile in einem traegergas
US4802423A (en) * 1987-12-01 1989-02-07 Regenerative Environmental Equipment Co. Inc. Combustion apparatus with auxiliary burning unit for liquid fluids
ATE107006T1 (de) * 1990-03-10 1994-06-15 Krantz Tkt Gmbh Verbrennungsvorrichtung.
ATE89907T1 (de) * 1990-03-10 1993-06-15 Krantz H Gmbh & Co Vorrichtung zum verbrennen von in einem abluftstrom enthaltenen oxidierbaren bestandteilen.
US20040018460A1 (en) * 2002-07-29 2004-01-29 Korwin Michel J. Apparatus and method for thermal neutralization of gaseous mixtures
DE102012023257B4 (de) * 2012-11-29 2014-10-09 C-Nox Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur thermischen Nachverbrennung von Kohlenwasserstoffe enthaltenden Gasen
DE102013203448A1 (de) 2013-02-28 2014-08-28 Dürr Systems GmbH Anlage und Verfahren zum Behandeln und/oder Verwerten von gasförmigemMedium
CN105757689B (zh) * 2016-05-09 2017-12-15 洛阳瑞昌石油化工设备有限公司 一种自预热焚烧炉
CN108980865A (zh) * 2018-08-16 2018-12-11 扬州斯普莱机械制造有限公司 一种废气燃烧装置
DE102021113266A1 (de) * 2021-05-21 2022-11-24 Dürr Systems Ag Rekuperativer brenner für eine thermische prozessluftbehandlungsvorrichtung

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3607118A (en) * 1969-07-03 1971-09-21 Air Preheater Fume incinerator
DE1962800C3 (de) * 1969-12-15 1974-04-18 Universal Oil Products Co., Des Plaines, Ill. (V.St.A.) Verbrennungsgerät für Abgase
US3690840A (en) * 1970-01-16 1972-09-12 Herbert Volker Apparatus for incinerating waste gases
US3898040A (en) * 1972-06-29 1975-08-05 Universal Oil Prod Co Recuperative form of thermal-catalytic incinerator
US3838975A (en) 1973-05-18 1974-10-01 Universal Oil Prod Co Thermal incinerator with heat recuperation
DE2352204B2 (de) * 1973-10-18 1976-01-22 Katec Katalytische Lufttechnik Betz & Co, 6461 Neuenhaßlau Verbrennungseinrichtung zur verbrennung von stoerstoffen in abgasen
DE2418108C3 (de) * 1974-04-13 1981-04-02 UOP Inc., 60016 Des Plaines, Ill. Thermisch-katalytische Abgas-Reinigungsvorrichtung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0040690A1 (fr) 1981-12-02
DE3014269C2 (de) 1982-11-25
DE3161162D1 (en) 1983-11-17
DE3014269A1 (de) 1981-10-15
ATE5022T1 (de) 1983-10-15

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