EP0024044A2 - Absorbeur du son, en particulier pour des chambres anéchoiques - Google Patents

Absorbeur du son, en particulier pour des chambres anéchoiques Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0024044A2
EP0024044A2 EP80104689A EP80104689A EP0024044A2 EP 0024044 A2 EP0024044 A2 EP 0024044A2 EP 80104689 A EP80104689 A EP 80104689A EP 80104689 A EP80104689 A EP 80104689A EP 0024044 A2 EP0024044 A2 EP 0024044A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sound
sound absorber
recess
absorber
absorber according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP80104689A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0024044A3 (en
EP0024044B1 (fr
Inventor
Robert Birkler
Gerhard Keller
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Saint Gobain Isover G+H AG
G&H Montage GmbH
Original Assignee
G&H Montage GmbH
Gruenzweig und Hartmann AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE2932473A external-priority patent/DE2932473C2/de
Priority claimed from DE19792938186 external-priority patent/DE2938186A1/de
Application filed by G&H Montage GmbH, Gruenzweig und Hartmann AG filed Critical G&H Montage GmbH
Priority to AT80104689T priority Critical patent/ATE8542T1/de
Publication of EP0024044A2 publication Critical patent/EP0024044A2/fr
Publication of EP0024044A3 publication Critical patent/EP0024044A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0024044B1 publication Critical patent/EP0024044B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
    • E04B1/84—Sound-absorbing elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
    • E04B1/84—Sound-absorbing elements
    • E04B2001/8414—Sound-absorbing elements with non-planar face, e.g. curved, egg-crate shaped
    • E04B2001/8419—Acoustical cones or the like, e.g. for anechoic chambers
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
    • E04B1/84—Sound-absorbing elements
    • E04B2001/8457—Solid slabs or blocks
    • E04B2001/8461—Solid slabs or blocks layered

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a sound absorber, in particular for anechoic rooms, which is wedge-shaped and can be attached at a distance from a room wall.
  • anechoic rooms For example, to record directional characteristics of sound sources or to check and calibrate sound transducers or sound measuring devices, examinations are carried out in extremely low-reflection sound measurement rooms, which are referred to as anechoic rooms and allow sound propagation as in the free field without being influenced by reflections. To prevent reflection, such rooms are lined with sound-absorbing materials, which usually have a strongly structured surface structure. Particularly suitable for this purpose are wedge-shaped absorber elements, ie elements whose cross section increases in the direction of the room wall.
  • wedge-shaped absorbers are either symmetrical, with their two converging surfaces having the same angle of inclination with the base surface (DE-PS 809 599) or asymmetrical, with only one wedge surface of the absorber element being inclined, while the other is at right angles with the Base area forms (DE-PS 25 02 846).
  • the zigzag shape of the surface which is created when several of these wedge-shaped absorbers are arranged, results in a continuous transition from the air into the sound-absorbing material, since a preferred plane for reflections is no longer available.
  • the lower limit frequency f o is the frequency at which the sound reflection factor r increases beyond a value of 0.1, that is to say the sound pressure amplitude of the reflected wave corresponds to more than 1/10 of the amplitude of the incident wave.
  • the value of the sound reflection factor r of 0.1 corresponds to a sound absorption level of 99% of the incident sound energy.
  • the sound reflection factor r rises above 0.1, so that sufficient sound absorption can no longer be achieved for lower frequencies, while for all higher frequencies the sound reflection factor r is usually well below 0.1 if a suitable porous material for the sound absorber is used.
  • a distance between the base surface of the dimensionally predetermined absorber elements and the reverberant wall of the room thus leads to a shift in the material distribution of the absorber elements away from the wall of the room
  • the lack of material above an installation of the base surface on the wall of the room does not lead to any noticeable disadvantages, while the material added compared to an installation of the base surface on the wall of the room due to the gap at the front of the absorber elements has a considerable damping effect in the region of the lower limit frequency f and thus acoustically is extremely effective.
  • the lower cut-off frequency can be reduced in this way without additional material, but the installation depth of the sound absorber must be increased in any case, i.e. the thickness of the other Inside the room wall adjoining absorption area. This reduces the usable room size.
  • increased use of material is also inevitable if a maximum value of the gap between the base surface of the absorber elements and the wall of the room is not to be exceeded.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a sound absorber of the type outlined in the preamble of claim 1, which allows a further lowering of the lower limit frequency without additional use of material for a given installation depth.
  • the base area lies in an area of the sound absorber that is not preferably effective with regard to sound absorption in the manner explained in the introduction, in particular not at low frequencies, the large frequencies of which Wavelength in this range gives only relatively low speed amplitudes and thus damping possibilities.
  • this measure would at most have expected a more or less slight, but in any case existing reduction in the total sound absorption and thus also the sound absorption in the range of the lower cut-off frequency, but in no case an improvement in sound absorption especially in the range of the lower cut-off frequency .
  • measurements actually result in a reduction in sound absorption due to the material recess at certain frequencies in the manner to be expected theoretically, but this reduction in sound absorption is not critical in the case of sound absorbers according to the invention, since at higher frequencies the limit value of the sound reflection factor r of 0.1 in one as in the other case, it is safely undercut.
  • a reduction in sound absorption compared to a smooth base surface can also be specifically excluded if necessary, even at certain higher frequencies.
  • the recess according to the invention would then have to be provided on the inner surface of the central web of the U-shape corresponding to the wedge of the generic type, a measure for which both the constructive and the functional aspect from the DD -PS 81 712 no information can be found.
  • the flat wedge shape of the center web of the U-shape which can also be found in DD-PS 81 712, obviously only serves to increase the rigidity of the panels and is therefore not comparable to generic, slim wedges with a length of 1 m, for example, because the extremely flat wedge shape of these known panels results in no significant increase in installation depth.
  • the outline of the recess on the base surface can have the shape of a polygon.
  • the recess preferably has the outline shape of a triangle, rectangle or trapezoid perpendicular to the room wall.
  • Such a rectangular sectional shape can completely penetrate the base surface, which is, for example, a square or a rectangle of larger area, so that the recess is open on two opposite sides. This is the case, for example, if a wedge with a rectangular base is cut from the base surface in such a way that a continuous slot results. If a symmetrical wedge is cut into the absorber, there is at the same time a linear increase in the two side surfaces of the recess.
  • a non-linear increase occurs in the case of forms of the recess which taper in a pointed manner, i.e. H. with pyramid or conical design.
  • mixed forms are also conceivable in which the tapering takes place in steps or a combination of wedge and rounded edge is present.
  • the recesses can either be subsequently cut or punched into an already manufactured sound absorber, or can be provided in the sound absorber from the outset by using suitably designed shapes. It does not matter whether the sound absorbers are provided with a shaft or only have a wedge or pyramid shape.
  • the area of the recess in the base area of the sound absorber can be in one vary wide range, for example, all edges of the recess can coincide with the side lines of the base surface.
  • the base area of the recess in the plane of the base area is preferably about half to a quarter of the base area.
  • the depth of the recess which extends from the base surface to the apex of the recess, can also vary within a wide range. For example, it can extend almost to the tip of the sound absorber.
  • the depth of the recess is preferably one third to one eighth of the total lining depth, the total lining depth being understood to mean the total length of the sound absorber, including the distance of the sound absorber from the room wall.
  • the sound absorber itself can consist of the usually open-cell materials, for example plastic-bound mineral fibers or foam plastic.
  • the finished sound absorbers can be impregnated on their surface.
  • the plastic-bound mineral fiber layers can be covered with a fleece or a textile surface protection made of synthetic or natural fibers.
  • a close-knit, but acoustically transparent, knitted sheath, which consists of synthetic fibers, which are at least flame-retardant, is particularly suitable for this.
  • Such a coating also forms a kind of trickle protection for mineral fiber particles. With such a flame-retardant knitted fabric as a covering in combination with sound absorption material based on mineral fibers, all official fire protection regulations can be met.
  • the textile covering cannot be used as a food source by microorganisms, so that no microorganisms can settle on the absorber, which is also sometimes important. Try mold Mushrooms, yeasts, gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria as well as spore-forming agents have shown that no infection occurs even in a humid atmosphere. Such an elastic knitted sheath sticks to the rough surface of the mineral fiber material due to static friction, with a certain clawing occurring. By resilient biasing of the enclosure A bsorberetti greater height can be constructed from individual mineral fiber sheets, which are stabilized by the envelope in their mutual position and overall spans.
  • the covering In the area of the base surface of the absorber wedges, the covering is pulled inward by its elastic property, so that its edge comes to lie in the area of the recess and no thickenings such as beads occur due to the material of the covering on the base surface, which would, for example, make attachment more difficult .
  • This is a particular advantage of such a sheathing in the case of sound absorbers according to the invention, but the use of such an elastic tubular sheathing made of knitted material, which in particular in the direction of the stitch row can have considerably greater extensibility than in the direction of the wales, is not limited to the sound absorber elements according to the invention.
  • the sound absorbers provided with the recess according to the invention can be arranged in several rows or meandering for the construction of anechoic rooms. Provided that the number of the form is chosen, it is expedient to form the base surface of the sound absorber square to the to be arranged in another row sound absorber by 90 0 rotated to mount.
  • the sound absorber shown schematically in Fig. 1 has a wedge-shaped upper part 1, which is symmetrical in the present embodiment.
  • a rectangular shaft 2 adjoins the upper part 1 and has a square base surface 3.
  • a wedge-shaped recess 4 is cut symmetrically to the longitudinal axis of the absorber from the base surface 3, so that a continuous slot is formed.
  • the sound absorber shown consists of mineral fiber material which is produced in layers 7 of limited thickness. Layers 7 of mineral fiber material of this type are stacked in the illustrated manner to form the sound absorber in the example in each case with the same area, and if necessary the individual layers 7 can be stitched together, for example by adhesive. A further securing of the positions of the layers 7 in the composite takes place by means of a sheathing 8 illustrated in FIG. 2 in the form of an elastic tube, which is essentially only stretchable in its circumferential direction of the stitch row, which is illustrated in FIG. 2 by arrow 9.
  • the hose-like sheath 8 has a very high degree of extensibility and is, for example, opposite unstressed condition to three times the circumference or even more stretchable.
  • stretchability can be achieved well with knitwear, in the simplest case the stitch loops lying in the direction of the wales are pulled out to a considerable length in the knitting or knitting machine, so that the stretchability in the direction of the stitch row can be achieved even with simple, smooth goods. that the long stitch loops lying in the direction of the wales are deformed in the direction of the course.
  • the sheathing 8 is of narrow mesh and is produced on a circular knitting machine which works with a large number of needles.
  • the sheath 8 consists in the example of synthetic, flame-retardant fibers, which belong to the group of acrylic fibers. In the present case, acrylonitrile-based synthetic fibers were used.
  • the tube forming the sheath 8 can first be prefabricated endlessly on the circular knitting machine, then cut to the desired length and at one end, for example, with an overcast chain stitch seam indicated at 10, such as a safety seam or an imitated safety seam, or also be closed in any other suitable way.
  • the assembly of the tube thus formed on the sound absorber can be carried out in the simplest case by rolling up the tube after the seam has been applied and rolling it over the body of the sound absorber after it has been attached to the tip 9. In the case of unfavorable forms of the sound absorber, however, this can lead to technical difficulties, since there is strong static friction due to claws between the meshes : the casing 8 and the fibrous surface of the sound absorber.
  • a pipe with a smooth surface can be used in a manner not shown in detail, the diameter of which completely describes the outside diameter of the sound absorber and the outer circumference of which the tube forming the casing 8 can be fitted without problems.
  • the hose contracts and thus forms the elastically relatively tight covering 8 on the outer circumference of the sound absorber, where no relative movements have to occur anymore.
  • the casing 8 is kept slightly longer than the length L of the sound absorber shown in FIG. 2, so that the open end 8a of the casing 8 contracts over the base surface 3 and its edge can be placed in the recess 4.
  • the sound absorber according to the invention which according to FIG. 2 has the length L, is arranged at a distance 5 from a room wall 6 and thus forms a cavity or gap between the room wall 6 and the absorber.
  • the length L together with the distance 5 forms the total lining depth of the sound absorber arrangement according to the invention.
  • FIG. 3 shows the measurement results of a comparison measurement between a known wedge-shaped sound absorber without a recess and the wedge-shaped sound absorber according to the invention.
  • the sound reflection curve A corresponds to the known absorber
  • curve B corresponds to the absorber with the recess according to the invention.
  • an absorber wedge was used, the total length L of which was 850 mm and which was arranged at a distance of 50 mm from the room wall 6.
  • a material made of plastic-bound mineral fibers with a density of 33.7 kg / m 3 was used for both types of absorbers.
  • the comparison measurement shows that the cut-off frequency of the known sound absorber is 94 Hz, while the lower cut-off frequency of the sound absorber according to the invention is 84 Hz.
  • the frequency range that can be used for sound measurements in the anechoic room has been increased by almost 11%.
  • Sound absorbers for anechoic rooms have lower limit frequencies in the range of at most 100 Hz, and should be as low as possible with regard to the lower limit frequency.
EP80104689A 1979-08-10 1980-08-08 Absorbeur du son, en particulier pour des chambres anéchoiques Expired EP0024044B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT80104689T ATE8542T1 (de) 1979-08-10 1980-08-08 Schallabsorber, insbesondere fuer schalltote raeume.

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2932473A DE2932473C2 (de) 1979-08-10 1979-08-10 Schallabsorbierender Körper mit einem Basisteil aus Mineralfasern
DE2932473 1979-08-10
DE19792938186 DE2938186A1 (de) 1979-09-21 1979-09-21 Schallabsorber, insbesondere fuer reflexionsarme raeume
DE2938186 1979-09-21

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0024044A2 true EP0024044A2 (fr) 1981-02-18
EP0024044A3 EP0024044A3 (en) 1981-07-15
EP0024044B1 EP0024044B1 (fr) 1984-07-18

Family

ID=25780462

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP80104689A Expired EP0024044B1 (fr) 1979-08-10 1980-08-08 Absorbeur du son, en particulier pour des chambres anéchoiques

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0024044B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3068592D1 (fr)
DK (1) DK342180A (fr)
ES (1) ES494138A0 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0649486A1 (fr) * 1992-07-01 1995-04-26 Industrial Acoustics Company, Inc. Chambre sourde et elements structurels anechoiques
CN101788330A (zh) * 2010-02-26 2010-07-28 南京海克医疗设备有限公司 测量高强度聚焦超声功率的吸收靶
CN102691373A (zh) * 2012-06-26 2012-09-26 苏州岸肯电子科技有限公司 一种消音室的吸音尖劈单元
CN106869349A (zh) * 2017-03-03 2017-06-20 上海声望声学科技股份有限公司 带吸声尖劈的隔声模块

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0080188B1 (fr) * 1981-11-19 1985-07-17 G + H MONTAGE GmbH Corps de forme cylindrique constitué de fibres minérales, en particulier pour l'absorption du son, par exemple dans des locaux
DE19861016C2 (de) * 1998-12-17 2001-07-05 Fraunhofer Ges Forschung Strukturierte Formkörper zur Schallabsorption

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DD81712A (fr) *
FR875333A (fr) * 1940-09-17 1942-09-16 Perfectionnements aux constructions absorbant le bruit
FR946235A (fr) * 1946-03-20 1949-05-27 Ernest Lenders Ets Procédé d'absorption de l'énergie sonore et élément de construction convenant pour la réalisation de ce procédé
DE878731C (de) * 1950-07-02 1953-06-05 Werner Genest Ges Fuer Isolier Schallschluckanordnung hoher Wirksamkeit
DE1265959B (de) * 1959-07-27 1968-04-11 Oliver C Eckel Montageeinheit keilfoermiger Schallschluckkoerper
DE1609445A1 (de) * 1967-02-25 1970-04-23 Verner Panton Verkleidungselement
FR2298848A1 (fr) * 1975-01-24 1976-08-20 Gruenzweig Hartmann Glasfaser Absorbeur destine a amortir des ondes sonores et electromagnetiques et son procede de fabrication

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DD81712A (fr) *
FR875333A (fr) * 1940-09-17 1942-09-16 Perfectionnements aux constructions absorbant le bruit
FR946235A (fr) * 1946-03-20 1949-05-27 Ernest Lenders Ets Procédé d'absorption de l'énergie sonore et élément de construction convenant pour la réalisation de ce procédé
DE878731C (de) * 1950-07-02 1953-06-05 Werner Genest Ges Fuer Isolier Schallschluckanordnung hoher Wirksamkeit
DE1265959B (de) * 1959-07-27 1968-04-11 Oliver C Eckel Montageeinheit keilfoermiger Schallschluckkoerper
DE1609445A1 (de) * 1967-02-25 1970-04-23 Verner Panton Verkleidungselement
FR2298848A1 (fr) * 1975-01-24 1976-08-20 Gruenzweig Hartmann Glasfaser Absorbeur destine a amortir des ondes sonores et electromagnetiques et son procede de fabrication

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0649486A1 (fr) * 1992-07-01 1995-04-26 Industrial Acoustics Company, Inc. Chambre sourde et elements structurels anechoiques
EP0649486A4 (fr) * 1992-07-01 1996-05-29 Industrial Acoustics Co Chambre sourde et elements structurels anechoiques.
CN101788330A (zh) * 2010-02-26 2010-07-28 南京海克医疗设备有限公司 测量高强度聚焦超声功率的吸收靶
CN101788330B (zh) * 2010-02-26 2011-11-23 南京海克医疗设备有限公司 测量高强度聚焦超声功率的吸收靶
CN102691373A (zh) * 2012-06-26 2012-09-26 苏州岸肯电子科技有限公司 一种消音室的吸音尖劈单元
CN106869349A (zh) * 2017-03-03 2017-06-20 上海声望声学科技股份有限公司 带吸声尖劈的隔声模块

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0024044A3 (en) 1981-07-15
ES8104068A1 (es) 1981-03-16
DE3068592D1 (en) 1984-08-23
EP0024044B1 (fr) 1984-07-18
ES494138A0 (es) 1981-03-16
DK342180A (da) 1981-02-11

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