EP0015633B1 - Verfahren zum Klassieren von Korngut oder Saatgut und Klassiervorrichtung - Google Patents

Verfahren zum Klassieren von Korngut oder Saatgut und Klassiervorrichtung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0015633B1
EP0015633B1 EP19800200342 EP80200342A EP0015633B1 EP 0015633 B1 EP0015633 B1 EP 0015633B1 EP 19800200342 EP19800200342 EP 19800200342 EP 80200342 A EP80200342 A EP 80200342A EP 0015633 B1 EP0015633 B1 EP 0015633B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
damming
screen
members
material flow
dammed
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP19800200342
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0015633A1 (de
Inventor
Roman Müller
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Buehler AG
Original Assignee
Buehler AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Buehler AG filed Critical Buehler AG
Publication of EP0015633A1 publication Critical patent/EP0015633A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0015633B1 publication Critical patent/EP0015633B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
    • B07B1/46—Constructional details of screens in general; Cleaning or heating of screens
    • B07B1/50—Cleaning
    • B07B1/52—Cleaning with brushes or scrapers
    • B07B1/522—Cleaning with brushes or scrapers with brushes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B13/00—Grading or sorting solid materials by dry methods, not otherwise provided for; Sorting articles otherwise than by indirectly controlled devices
    • B07B13/04—Grading or sorting solid materials by dry methods, not otherwise provided for; Sorting articles otherwise than by indirectly controlled devices according to size
    • B07B13/05—Grading or sorting solid materials by dry methods, not otherwise provided for; Sorting articles otherwise than by indirectly controlled devices according to size using material mover cooperating with retainer, deflector or discharger

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for classifying grain or seeds, such as for classifying cereal grains, seeds, legumes, rice grains, corn kernels, coffee beans or the like.
  • the invention also relates to a classifying device which is preferably suitable for carrying out the method according to the invention.
  • the size of the grain is a quality criterion and as such must be observed within the narrowest possible limits.
  • a classifying device is described in US Pat. No. 2,187,273 which uses a vibrating screen which is loaded with brittle, insufficiently pre-comminuted screenings.
  • the uncrushed parts of the material to be sieved are deposited on the surface of the material flow, where they are crushed by mechanical hammers, the vibration of the vibrating sieve being used for the shredding movement.
  • the object of the invention is to find a classification method in which the classification is improved in size and the negative influence of form factors of the classification material is eliminated as far as possible.
  • a method is to be found which, even in the case of such classification products, still permits the use of flat sieves in which the desired classification accuracy could not otherwise be achieved.
  • the method according to the invention should meet the highest demands both in terms of its performance and its classification accuracy, without the need for complicated additional expenditure.
  • the invention is to find a device for carrying out such a method according to the invention, which is suitable for use with a large number of very different classifying goods (such as cereals, legumes, soybeans, coffee beans, seeds or the like) and with which a particularly good classification is achieved what is particularly important in the production of seeds, on which a substantial part of the progress possible in agricultural production is based.
  • classifying goods such as cereals, legumes, soybeans, coffee beans, seeds or the like
  • this object is achieved in a method for classifying grain or seed by placing the material on a sieve surface which is preferably linearly vibrated and over which the material is moved, while simultaneously moving the material flow over the sieve surface at several successive points by means of mechanical means Limbs is acted on, in that the material cleaned in a first stage of foreign substances is accumulated during its movement over the sieve surface by means of the mechanical limbs in such a way that a backward flow overlying the main flow of the material occurs in the accumulation area.
  • the method according to the invention has surprisingly achieved great success in practice.
  • the principle previously represented in the specialist world that the sieving capacity is at a maximum at a relatively low bed height and decreases with increasing bed height, is completely broken through in the invention by deliberately requiring a repeated jam there.
  • the preparation i. H. the correct positioning of the grains relative to the sieve holes.
  • a targeted grain movement in the grain layer is achieved in the process according to the invention, in particular also counter to the general flow direction of the material, which results in a surprisingly good sieving effect.
  • the individual grains are literally “set up” and can thus fall through the perforated screen with their smallest cross-sectional area.
  • the product stowage also has the particular advantage that the product is repeatedly forced to recirculate. This means that a grain is given more than once in each barrage to take a favorable position for passage through the perforated screen.
  • the material flow is preferably dammed up to a height of 2 to 5 cm and conveyed from dam stage to dam stage in an area immediately above the sieve surface (the height dimensions given being particularly favorable for the processing of rice; in the case of corn, it is advisable to thaw even more than 5 cm high).
  • a further advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention consists in that a dam member directed at a low pressure against the crop flow is used as the mechanical member forming a dam stage and the size of the passage cross section is regulated as a function of the crop flow.
  • the deflection of the dam member can be associated with a progressively increasing force.
  • the passage cross-section will usually have a size corresponding to one to three times the thickness of a single grain or will oscillate approximately at such a value; if more product is being conveyed at the moment, the passage cross-section should be able to adapt by opening it accordingly.
  • the device according to the invention is based on a classifying device with at least one flat sieve, which has a preferably linearly acting vibration drive and has on its sieve surface one or more conveying and classifying sections for the material flow to be classified, several extending transversely to the longitudinal direction of the sieve and in the direction mechanical links extending towards the screen surface are provided.
  • the mechanical members are designed as damming members for the local build-up of the flow of material on the screen surface in such a way that a backward flow overlying the main flow of the material occurs in the accumulation area.
  • the sieve is divided into at least two compartments in the longitudinal direction and each compartment has dam members.
  • a particularly simple but effective design for the dam members can be achieved in a classifying device according to the invention in that the dam members are designed as hanging swing doors which can be opened by the flow of material in its conveying direction.
  • the inclination of the damming members and / or their distance from the screen surface are adjustable. It is particularly advantageous if the dam members arranged in the sieve box of the sieve are adjustable from the outside and if the sieve box for controlling the setting of the dam members is at least partially made of transparent material, preferably transparent plastic, such as, for. B. plexiglass, is carried out, which can also perform a control of the classification quality during operation.
  • the dam members are made of solid rubber, plastic or reinforced material.
  • congestion links made of rubber of medium softness has proven particularly good.
  • the dam members have a function which corresponds to that of a “curtain”, as has been used occasionally in the past (but only to hold back spray particles).
  • the retention force of the damming member should always be so great that product stagnation is ensured in all operating cases, the height of the product stowage should advantageously be approximately approximately twice as large or even greater than the corresponding layer height in the previously known normal sieving technology.
  • the product to be classified is first cleaned in a stage 1 and then in the actual classification stage 2 into the desired size classes.
  • the classifying screen is not burdened from the outset by undesirable additives.
  • the classifying screen has several outputs.
  • FIG. 2 shows a screening device 4 with two parallel compartments 5 and 6, which are separated by an intermediate floor 7.
  • the inclination of the screening device 4 as a whole is adjustable.
  • the scheme parts 8 and 9 are arranged in the head part 10 of the screening device 4 and the necessary scheme parts 12 in the foot part 11 of the screening device.
  • the flow of the classified material e.g. B. a grain stream or a stream of coffee beans is fed into the sieving device 4 via the inlets 13 and 14 of the head part 10
  • the diarrhea of the sieves 15 and 16 is passed on via an outlet 17 and 19, and the repulsion of the sieves 15 and 16 is in each case forwarded via an outlet 18 or 20.
  • the sieve device 4 has dam members 21 which divide the entire sieve zone or the corresponding process zone into several units.
  • a vibrator P shown symbolically in FIG. 2 as an electromagnet, sets the sieve device 4 in vibration.
  • unbalance vibrators can also be used in practice, the inclination (J3) of which can be adjusted and which can produce a, preferably linear, oscillating movement by suitable attachment.
  • Fig. 3 shows a single screen 30, the five Jam members 21 is provided.
  • the sieve bottom consists of a sieve surface 31 and a wire mesh 32, both of which form a cavity 33 in which balls 34 are located for the continuous cleaning of the sieve 30.
  • FIG. 4 shows the combination of the dam members 21: two wooden strips 40 separate the entire sieve zone into three longitudinal channels as longitudinal strips and are fastened with screws 42 to a sieve 43.
  • FIG. 5 shows the representation of a damming element 53.
  • Screws 51 are attached in a wooden strip 50 and fastened by means of nuts 52.
  • the actual dam member 53 is connected to the screw 51 via an angle iron 54.
  • the angle iron 54 is fixed by nuts 55 and 56.
  • the angle iron 54 and thus the dam member 53 can be adjusted in its height 57 (relative to the sieve).
  • the dam member 53 is advantageously made of materials such as rubber, plastic, reinforced or rigid fabrics and - in special cases - also of sheet metal. It is essential that the dam member 53 opposes the product flow with a resistance, through which it can cause a certain accumulation effect. Possibly. Even a single dam member 53 on a screen surface can lead to a significant improvement in the classification.
  • the distance (X) between the damming member and the screen surface adjusts itself.
  • the dam members could, however, also be designed as pendulum flaps hanging on hinges and deflectable by the product flow in the direction of product flow, as a result of which a simple but effective self-regulation of the passage cross section depending on the strength of the product flow can also be achieved.
  • FIG. 6 shows a schematic illustration of the movement sequence of the flow of the classified material.
  • the entire screening zone is divided into a number of individual processing zones 60 by the various damming members.
  • the main product flow along the screen is overlaid by a backward flow in the individual process zones.
  • FIG. 8 shows a further embodiment for a damming element, which here is in the form of a brush 65, preferably made of plastic, which is attached above the sieve bottom 67.
  • a side wall of the screening device is preferably formed from plexiglass. Since the dam members, for example according to the embodiment according to FIG. 5, are adjustable in their height, an adjustment can be made both on the basis of the observation by the operator and on the basis of the sieving performance until the desired grain movement in the individual sieving zones is optimal, i. H. until the highest classification performance occurs.
  • the dam members can also be easily replaced. This makes it possible to adapt the retention force of the damming elements to the flow properties of the product and thereby optimally classify different products.
  • the use of up to six damming elements per meter of screen length has proven to be particularly advantageous. It is also advantageous to design the inclination of the sieve and the vibration intensity to be adaptable to the respective application. A particularly effective use of the sieve inclination setting is given because the product cannot simply swim away as a push-off in the case of a larger inclined position

Landscapes

  • Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)
EP19800200342 1979-03-05 1980-03-05 Verfahren zum Klassieren von Korngut oder Saatgut und Klassiervorrichtung Expired EP0015633B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH2127/79 1979-03-05
CH212779 1979-03-05

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0015633A1 EP0015633A1 (de) 1980-09-17
EP0015633B1 true EP0015633B1 (de) 1981-11-25

Family

ID=4226503

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19800200342 Expired EP0015633B1 (de) 1979-03-05 1980-03-05 Verfahren zum Klassieren von Korngut oder Saatgut und Klassiervorrichtung
EP19800900550 Expired EP0020761B1 (de) 1979-03-05 1980-09-24 Verfahren zum klassieren von korngut oder saatgut und klassiervorrichtung

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19800900550 Expired EP0020761B1 (de) 1979-03-05 1980-09-24 Verfahren zum klassieren von korngut oder saatgut und klassiervorrichtung

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (2) EP0015633B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS56500324A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BR (1) BR8007232A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE3060512D1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DK (1) DK419980A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
WO (1) WO1980001885A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4302360A1 (de) * 1993-01-28 1994-08-04 Zimmermann Wolfgang Mischvorrichtungen für Siebe
JP2660664B2 (ja) * 1994-07-11 1997-10-08 新キャタピラー三菱株式会社 作業用自走車の掘削篩い選別装置
DE59802145D1 (de) * 1997-04-17 2001-12-20 Metso Panelboard Gmbh Vorrichtung zum fraktionieren und streuen von insbesondere faserigen teilchen
NL1012513C2 (nl) * 1999-07-05 2001-01-08 Kaliwaal Bijland B V Zeef.
DE102007052473A1 (de) * 2007-11-02 2009-05-07 Schott Solar Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Aussieben von Partikeln
CN108480215B (zh) * 2018-06-07 2024-03-26 福建天天源生物科技有限公司 提升式菌菇分选装置
CN112517391A (zh) * 2020-12-01 2021-03-19 楼小莲 一种农业用种子除杂晾晒装置
CN113019927B (zh) * 2021-04-22 2022-03-11 河南农业大学 一种荷花种子饱瘪筛分装置
CN115254625B (zh) * 2022-08-08 2023-08-25 中建一局集团第五建筑有限公司 一种基于分层式结构建筑用砂石筛分装置及其筛分方法
CN117563945B (zh) * 2024-01-17 2024-04-19 吉林省向宇农副产品有限公司 一种瓜子加工用筛选机

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE389758A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) *
DE555642C (de) * 1932-07-27 Edwin Goodwin Steele Sortierherd fuer Getreide o. dgl.
DE282289C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) *
US1523389A (en) * 1923-01-29 1925-01-20 Otto F Beythan Grain sorting and cleaning machine
FR648206A (fr) * 1927-10-03 1928-12-06 Machine automatique permettant d'obtenir, séparées des coques et classées, des amandes, noix, noisettes et autres fruits déjà cassés
US1981081A (en) * 1931-06-22 1934-11-20 Lowe E Simpson Sifting apparatus
US2187273A (en) * 1937-07-12 1940-01-16 Nordberg Manufacturing Co Hammer screen
US2954124A (en) * 1957-02-06 1960-09-27 Roy N Young Separator
US3844411A (en) * 1972-09-25 1974-10-29 M Lewis Object segregating mechanism

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0020761B1 (de) 1982-06-09
BR8007232A (pt) 1981-02-03
JPS56500324A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1981-03-19
DK419980A (da) 1980-10-03
EP0015633A1 (de) 1980-09-17
WO1980001885A1 (fr) 1980-09-18
DE3060512D1 (en) 1982-07-29
EP0020761A1 (de) 1981-01-07

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