Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
  • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
  • B28B5/00—Producing shaped articles from the material in moulds or on moulding surfaces, carried or formed by, in or on conveyors irrespective of the manner of shaping
  • B28B5/10—Producing shaped articles from the material in moulds or on moulding surfaces, carried or formed by, in or on conveyors irrespective of the manner of shaping in moulds carried on the circumference of a rotating drum

Definitions

• the invention relates to a factory for the production of concrete, reinforced concrete and / or prestressed concrete products, of the type which include a rotary drum with horizontal axis of rotation, provided with molding means on its external cylindrical surface. and suitable for passing, during its rotation, said molding means in front of various work stations, in particular concreting, hardening, demoulding and reinforcement positioning stations.
• a plant of this kind is known in particular from patent US-A-3,720,493.
• a plant is also known from patent FR-A-2,305,284 for the production of concrete products, in particular prestressed, in which a rotary, generally cylindrical, carrying hall transporting molds placed on its internal surface comprises a structure for resistance to longitudinal forces comprising longitudinal beams parallel to the axis of rotation of a supporting structure. These longitudinal beams have sufficient mechanical strength to absorb the major part of the prestressing forces exerted on the reinforcements in the case of the production of prestressed concrete elements.
• the object of the invention is, above all, to make factories of the kind in question such that they better meet the various requirements of practice than hitherto, and in particular such that they make it possible to achieve, with a minimum of adaptation, a wide variety of product types, and ensuring the production of good quality products.
• each beam consists of a base part, substantially rectangular, situated against the peripheral surface of the drum and a T-part fixed, by its central branch, at mid-width on the part of base, the areas of the base part located on either side of the central branch of the T serving as a raceway, while the crossbar of the T is intended to receive support means, in particular elastic, for molds .
• the molding means comprise, at their part facing the drum, a resistance element extending longitudinally, provided with attachment means for the compacting means, this resistance element as well as the attachment means being identical which that either the type of mold for the various kinds of products to be manufactured, the lower part of the mold being connected, in particular by joints, to lateral shells whose shape is determined by the type of product to be produced; closing covers are optionally provided to cover the free face of the concrete during the heat treatment.
• the concreting installation comprises a carriage whose length, in a direction parallel to the axis of the drum, is substantially equal to that of the drum, this carriage comprising two levels and being located above the most generatrix high of the drum, the upper level of this carriage comprising at least one container for receiving concrete and means for allowing the flow of concrete in the molds, the aforesaid carriage being suitable for rolling, at its upper level, on means of bearing carried by a fixed frame, the aforesaid carriage comprising a second level or lower level provided with compacting means suitable for rolling on the raceway of the beams integral with the drum, hooking means being provided to block the compacting means on the bottom of the molds during the compaction phase, the two levels of the carriage being linked by a framework, and reciprocating means being provided for moving the carriage by such s orte that it can occupy a working position for which its upper level is above the molds stopped at the top of their trajectory, while the lower level of the carriage is located below these molds, or an exit position for
• the factory includes a thermal treatment installation advantageously constituted by a chamber, closed inwards by the drum itself, outwards (in the radial direction), by walls, in particular polygonal, at the ends in the axial direction by screens, and radially by movable curtains provided with winding, guiding and mounting means, this heat treatment chamber being provided with means for distributing, adjusting and recovering the thermal agent.
• this demoulding and evacuation installation advantageously comprises a frame capable of moving in a radial direction, in particular in the horizontal plane passing through the axis of the drum, this frame carrying a rotary beam on which are gripped means unmolded products, this beam being able to rotate, with the gripping means, so as to ensure the evacuation of the molded products gripped by the gripping means.
• the rotary drum factory can consist of several removable sub-assemblies, each sub-assembly having an acceptable size for transport by road.
• the tam plant; rotary bour can be mounted in a ship hull so as to constitute a floating factory.
• the rotary drum can be mounted in a floating hull C (fig. 4), with all the ancillary installations of the factory, so as to create a "floating factory with rotary drum”.
• the rotary drum T (fig. 1 to 8) is constituted by a rotary structure having on its entire outer periphery beams with compound profile 9, forming a series of mold support benches, welded parallel to the horizontal axis of rotation so to reinforce the structure to make it capable of supporting not only the loads due to molds filled with concrete, but also the forces coming from the tensioning of reinforcements or strands during the manufacture of products in prestressed concrete.
• Said rotary structure comprises curved sheets 1 (see in particular Figure 8), reinforced by beams 2 and assembled using means 3, formed for example by connection plates, and two head walls 4 (fig. 1 and 4) arranged in the form of a cylinder.
• two tubular support beams 5, integral with the walls 4, carried by two bearings 6; rotation drive means 7 (fig. 2 and 4) of the drum and blocking means 8 in rotation of this drum are also provided.
• each beam 9 comprises, in addition to the basic part 9c, a T-shaped part 9d fixed by its central branch, oriented radially, at mid-width , on the base part 9c; the areas of the base part 9a, 9b located on either side of the central branch of the T constitute the above-mentioned raceway for the compacting means.
• the transverse bar 9e of the T is intended to receive the means for supporting the molds.
• Gussets 9f spaced apart from one another in the longitudinal direction, are situated in planes perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the drum and are fixed, in particular by welding, to the central and transverse branches of the part 9d and to the upper part of the basic part 9c.
• the fixings are preferably provided by welding.
• the molding means M (FIGS. 5 to 8) comprise, at their part facing the drum, a resistance element 13 extending longitudinally and provided with attachment means 13a for the compacting means 29, 30.
• This element of resistance 13 as well as the hooking means 13a remain identical regardless of the type of mold for the various kinds of products to be manufactured, so that the compacting means can be hung, under identical conditions, whatever the types of product to be manufactured.
• This resistance element 13 can be constituted by two U-shaped cross-section beams, oriented longitudinally with their concavity turned in opposite directions, outward in the peripheral direction, the wings of the U being located in planes parallel to the axis. drum; these two beams are joined by a series of assembly gussets 14.
• the lower part of the mold is connected to one or more shells designed according to the product to be produced, either as a fixed shell 15 (see in particular FIG. 7) or as a mixed shell having fixed parts 16, and / or folding parts 17 mounted on connecting joints with the lower part and / or movable shells 18 (see in particular Figure 5).
• Clamping means 19 in particular for holding the folding shells 17 in the molding position are provided.
• the molding means are provided with a cover 20 for closing the free face of the concrete during the heat treatment.
• the concreting installation B (fig. 1 to 5) comprises a feed hopper 21, a buffer hopper 22 and a carriage 23 movable in a direction parallel to the axis of the drum, above the highest generator of the drum.
• the length of the carriage 23, in the direction parallel to the axis of the drum, is substantially equal to that of the drum; the carriage 23 can be placed entirely above the drum, or be disengaged, in the longitudinal direction, entirely beyond the drum.
• the carriage 23 has two levels; the upper level of this carriage comprises one or more interchangeable containers 23a, carried by a frame 24; this frame is provided with two head platforms 25, one or more closing hatches 26 and an adjustable neck 27; the frame 24, moreover, is equipped with rolling means 28a suitable for rolling on rails 28c (FIG. 5) carried by a fixed frame.
• the neck 27 of the frame 24 is adapted to come above the molding means M located at the upper part of the drum, so as to allow the flow, by gravity, of the concrete in the molds.
• the above-mentioned carriage comprises a second level or lower level provided with compacting means 29, 30, suitable for being introduced, by longitudinal displacement of the carriage, below the molding means located at the upper part of the drum.
• the compacting means comprise a vibrating beam 29 provided with rolling means 28b, suitable for rolling on the rolling tracks 9a, 9b and two or more vibrators 30.
• the beam 29 is, moreover, fitted with hooking devices 31 of said beam on the attachment means 13a of the resistance element 13 of the molding means (fig. 5).
• the upper level and the lower level of the carriage are connected by a frame 32 so as to move as a unit.
• the frame 32 is provided with a platform 33 supporting means of "back and forth" 34 provided to move the carriage at two levels following a back and forth movement, and various devices necessary for the automatic operation of the vibrators.
• the hooking devices 31 include jacks 35 capable of moving bent arms tightening the resistance element 13 against the vibrating beam.
• the two-level trolley can occupy a working position for which the upper level of the trolley is above the molds stopped at the top of their circular trajectory, while the lower level of the trolley is located below these molds, or in an exit position for which the carriage is located, in the longitudinal direction, entirely outside the drum.
• said carriage takes the containers 23a, filled with fresh concrete, above the molds, and the vibrating beam 29 below these molds. Stopping the carriage in the working position controls the attachment of said beam 29 to the resistance elements 13 using the devices 31. The completion of this attachment operation controls the opening of the doors 26 and the discharge fresh concrete in the molds; the activation of the vibrators 30 is also controlled. The duration of the compaction produced by the vibrations is chosen for each product according to the characteristics of the concrete used.
• the vibrators 30 are stopped, as well as the release of the beam 29; the hatches 26 close and the two-level carriage begins its return stroke (from left to right according to FIGS. 2 to 4) so as to exit completely, in the longitudinal direction, relative to the drum.
• the containers 23 pass below the buffer hopper 22 and fill with fresh concrete for the next pouring operation.
• the platform 25 located on the right side of the frame 24 ensures the closing of the buffer hopper 22 during the time interval when the pouring of the concrete into the molding means M takes place; the platform 25 located on the left side of the frame 24, according to FIGS.
• the TT heat treatment installation (see in particular FIGS. 1 and 3) consists of a chamber closed, inwards in the radial direction, by the drum itself, the peripheral surface of which is produced by the sheets 1 which form a continuous cylinder; this chamber is, moreover, closed, radially outward, by walls 36, in particular of polygonal cross section; the chamber is closed at its heads, that is to say at its ends in the longitudinal direction, by screens 37 and, radially, by flexible movable curtains 38.
• These curtains 38 (fig. 6) are provided with means winding 39, guide means 40 and mounting means 41.
• the heat treatment chamber TT is provided with distribution means 42 for a thermal agent (steam, hot water, or the like), adjustment means 43 the flow of thermal agent and means 44 for recovering this thermal agent; the hardening of the concrete can thus be carried out gradually with the passage of the molds, filled with concrete, through this heat treatment chamber. This passage is obtained by the rotation of the entire rotating drum, at a determined rate.
• a thermal agent steam, hot water, or the like
• the demoulding and evacuation installation for molded products DE (fig. 1, 3 and 6) is advantageously placed at 270 ° relative to the concrete pouring station, according to the direction of rotation of the drum represented by an arrow on the fig. 1 and 3.
• This demolding installation comprises a frame formed by a beam 45 connecting two head screens 46; this frame is, moreover, provided with rolling means 47 so as to be able to move on a rolling path 47a, in a radial direction situated in the horizontal plane passing through the axis of the drum.
• Displacement means 48 (for example assembly: motor, pinion, rack) are provided to allow to communicate to the frame a movement of "back and forth" in the radial direction.
• the head screens 46 of the frame serve as support for a rotary beam 49 rotatably mounted in two bearings 50 supported by the head screens.
• Two cylinders 51 articulated, at one end, on a pivot integral with the frame and, at their other end, on a pivot integral with the beam 49 are provided for controlling a rotation at an angle of 90 °, in one direction or in the other, of this beam.
• Said beam 49 is equipped with gripping means 53, 54, 55, molded products p, suitable for gripping these products and for removing them.
• the gripping means are supported by gussets 52 secured to the beam 49; these gripping means comprise, on the one hand, a series of suction cups 53 mounted by means of interchangeable heads 54 on a longitudinal beam 55 which can be moved radially, relative to the drum.
• the beam 55 is equipped with rollers 57 and means 56 for guiding its movements; means 58, in particular formed by jacks, are provided to ensure a back-and-forth movement of the beam 55.
• the gripping means comprise, on the other hand, support elements 59, formed by a series of fingers, mounted in guides 60 and provided with means 61, such as jacks, capable of ensuring a "back and forth” movement; these fingers 59 can be slid under the hardened products during demolding (see fig. 6).
• the rotation of 90 ° of the beam 49, in the clockwise direction, is controlled by the jacks 51 so as to place the gussets 52 in a vertical position; the jack 58, the axis of which is then vertical, then controls the descent of the beam 55 until the product p comes into the position shown in dotted lines in FIG. 6, to rest on a roller chain 62, or on another means of transport, for the evacuation of products.
• the vacuum which, until now, had been maintained in the suction cups 53 to ensure the grip of the product p is eliminated; the product is released relative to the gripping means which are returned to their initial position.
• the MP installation (fig. 1 and 3), for fitting the armatures, comprises an overhead crane 63 provided, on the one hand, with a lifting device 64 which can move the various loads, giving them a desired inclination , and on the other hand a laying device equipped with a frame 65 having a series of beams 66 adjustable in the longitudinal direction, and a series of hooking pieces 67, adjustable, in turn, along the width, that is to say along the peripheral direction of the drum.
• the attachment pieces 67 are interchangeable so as to allow the installation M P to be used both for the installation of the various frames and for the mounting and loading of the molds, with minimal adaptations.
• the rotary drum factory is produced with removable metal sub-assemblies, the size of each sub-assembly being such that transport by road of the sub-assembly is possible.
• These sub-assemblies comprise: two frames 70, for supporting the drum, two side walls 71, two or more front walls 72, various roof elements 73, various working platforms 74, running beams 75 and various elements mounting and protection.
• the assembly is carried out in such a way that the axis of the rotary drum is oriented in the direction of the length of the barge or of the floating hull; this shell is fitted with transverse walls 77 (fig. 4) provided on the bottom of the shell and serving to support the bearings of the rotary drum.
• the interior length L of the shell is at least equal to and preferably greater than twice the length of the rotary drum to allow the two-stage carriage 23 to be released completely in the longitudinal direction.
• the rotary drum is located in the left part of the shell; the longitudinal end formed by the straight hull part, which allows the carriage 23 to be released, forms a volume which can be used for the installation of a series of annexes A (such as offices, shops, various workshops, various depots, means handling, concrete plants, boilers, electric current generators).
• a series of annexes A such as offices, shops, various workshops, various depots, means handling, concrete plants, boilers, electric current generators.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Manufacturing Of Tubular Articles Or Embedded Moulded Articles (AREA)
• Preparation Of Clay, And Manufacture Of Mixtures Containing Clay Or Cement (AREA)
• On-Site Construction Work That Accompanies The Preparation And Application Of Concrete (AREA)
• Centrifugal Separators (AREA)
• Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
• Polysaccharides And Polysaccharide Derivatives (AREA)
• Moulds, Cores, Or Mandrels (AREA)
• Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)
• Devices For Post-Treatments, Processing, Supply, Discharge, And Other Processes (AREA)
• Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
• Rod-Shaped Construction Members (AREA)

Priority Applications (1)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (2)

Family

ID=9215169

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (11)

Cited By (1)

Families Citing this family (8)

Family Cites Families (8)

• 1978
  • 1978-11-22 FR FR7832891A patent/FR2442116A1/fr active Granted
• 1979
  • 1979-11-15 US US06/094,679 patent/US4290740A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1979-11-15 CA CA339,903A patent/CA1129630A/en not_active Expired
  • 1979-11-19 IN IN1207/CAL/79A patent/IN151059B/en unknown
  • 1979-11-21 BR BR7907564A patent/BR7907564A/pt unknown
  • 1979-11-21 AU AU53044/79A patent/AU528836B2/en not_active Ceased
  • 1979-11-22 JP JP15080779A patent/JPS5573506A/ja active Pending
  • 1979-11-22 EP EP79400902A patent/EP0012069B1/fr not_active Expired
  • 1979-11-22 MX MX180148A patent/MX149320A/es unknown
  • 1979-11-22 AT AT79400902T patent/ATE2405T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1979-11-22 DE DE7979400902T patent/DE2964753D1/de not_active Expired

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