EP0008778B1 - Lintel - Google Patents

Lintel Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0008778B1
EP0008778B1 EP79103220A EP79103220A EP0008778B1 EP 0008778 B1 EP0008778 B1 EP 0008778B1 EP 79103220 A EP79103220 A EP 79103220A EP 79103220 A EP79103220 A EP 79103220A EP 0008778 B1 EP0008778 B1 EP 0008778B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lintel
shank
supporting
leg
material weakening
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EP79103220A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0008778A2 (en
EP0008778A3 (en
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Lennart Svensson
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Individual
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Individual
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/70Drying or keeping dry, e.g. by air vents
    • E04B1/7038Evacuating water from cavity walls, e.g. by using weep holes
    • E04B1/7046Evacuating water from cavity walls, e.g. by using weep holes using trays
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04CSTRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04CSTRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C2003/023Lintels

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a lintel for supporting one or more wall layers when masonrying buildings, such as bridging wall openings, supporting brick facades and the like, and which consists of a relatively thin, angled sheet metal profile with at least two legs.
  • Wall lintels for bridging wall openings are known in many different designs (DE-A-1,966,687, 2,533,856).
  • GB-A-1457803 proposes a hollow beam that is walled in behind the facade and has a considerable height.
  • So-called light beams are also known (BE-A-489.891) which are provided with perforations-holes in a module system and allow several beams to be screwed together to form a beam system.
  • Lintels have also already been proposed (GB-A-598.093) which bridge both the facade wall and the backing via window or door openings and which lintels protrude with a roof-shaped part into the space between the two walls.
  • the purpose of the invention is to propose a lintel of the type mentioned at the outset, which has sufficient strength to support the wall layer, which is light in weight and has little influence on the loading conditions due to its own weight, which absorb torsional forces caused by one-sided loading of the lintel during the walling can, and which can be added from a thin sheet profile in a simple manner.
  • the invention is based on the object of creating a wall lintel of this type which, despite its lightweight construction, can absorb large loads during masonry work, but after the mortar has set, is not an obstacle in the way between the bricks when setting a window or door frame.
  • the load-bearing leg of the fall forming the web of the lintel is each provided with a material weakening extending over its entire length, for example a series of slits perforations or the like, the material weakening the web in two parts divides, of which the outer part - after the masonry has received load-bearing capacity - can be broken inwards or broken off at a distance from the edge to the second leg approximately corresponding to the thickness of a wall joint.
  • the lintel 1 according to the invention according to FIGS. 1-3 is mainly Z-shaped in cross section, one leg 2 consisting of two parts 2 and 3 which are at an angle to one another and have the shape of an inverted V in cross section.
  • the angle between the central part 4 of the Z-shaped profile and the mentioned first leg 2 is somewhat greater than 90 °, so that when the central part 4 assumes a horizontal position, it is inclined upwards and outwards, that Part 3 of the inclined leg 2 mainly forms a right angle with the horizontal central part 4, which can be brought to bear against a building.
  • the second leg 5 of the Z-shaped sheet metal profile is mainly bent at right angles to the central part 4 and serves as a load-bearing stiffening web during the mooring and until the masonry has received its own strength to be self-supporting.
  • the leg 5 is provided with material weakenings 6 along its entire length.
  • these material weakenings consist of slot-shaped openings with narrow material parts between the individual slots, which are arranged in a row at a distance from the bending edge, which expediently corresponds to the thickness of a wall joint.
  • the weakening of material in the leg 5 is arranged such that the load-bearing capacity of the leg is only insignificantly reduced in its plane.
  • Other types of material weakenings than slots or perforations are also possible, for example cracks, grooves or combinations of the measures mentioned.
  • the section of the leg 5, which extends from its free end edge to the material weakening 6, can either be bent in the direction towards the central part 4 of the lintel or this section can also be bent by repeated bending along the material weakening 6 be canceled.
  • the remaining part of the leg 5 can serve as a drip nose.
  • the free end edge of the leg 5 is bent through 180 °, as can be seen in FIG. 1.
  • the horizontal middle part 4 of the lintel 1 is provided on the side facing away from the leg 5 with a punch 7, through which a tongue 8 is formed, which is separated on three sides by the punch from the middle part.
  • the tongue 8 is normally in the same plane as the central part 4 and can be bent downward by about 90 ° and thereby forms a support so that the rear edge of the lintel cannot be inclined due to the load on the bricks in the soft mortar.
  • tensioning straps 11 which are connected to the legs 2 and 5 in such a way that a load can be transferred.
  • the tensioning straps are attached between the butt joints of the bricks and consist of a plate or the like.
  • the ends are provided with bends 23, 24 which can be inserted partly into the slots 6 of the leg 5 and partly bent over the free end edge of the leg 2 can be.
  • the lintel shown in FIGS. 1-3 is intended for bridging openings first, but in addition to its function as such it also has to serve as a water drain for which water runs off at the back of a facade covering or the like.
  • the lintel shown in FIGS. 1-3 cannot be used because the leg 2 cannot be accommodated and should also not be visible.
  • the lintel 9 shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 can be used, which is mainly U-shaped and can be used wherever the underside of the wall opening is covered by, for example, a window or door frame.
  • the legs 12, 13 are designed with a relatively large web height, which absorb most of the loads that occur. Material weaknesses 6 are provided in both legs 12, 13 at some distance from the bevel edge.
  • the leg sections 12, 13 are removed in accordance with the length of the support surface until the material is weakened, as is illustrated, for example, in FIG. 5.
  • the parts of the legs that extend into the wall opening remain intact during the brickwork until the mortar has set, thereby absorbing the fall from one or more layers of stone.
  • the outer sections of the legs 12, 31 can be broken off until the material weakening 6 by repeated back and forth, as in FIG. 5, right part of the figure Figure is shown. In this training, the fall can possibly be covered with mortar.
  • the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 6 and 7 shows a lintel 16 which is used where the masonry structure is not self-supporting and can only be achieved by reinforcement or the like.
  • the lintel 16 consists of a mainly U-shaped sheet metal profile which is formed in the middle part 17 between the legs 19 and 20 with a roof-shaped part 18 running in the longitudinal direction of the lintel. Near the bend edges are material again. weakenings 6 are provided, the slots in the roof-shaped part 18 are provided in the immediate vicinity of the bend, while the slots in the legs 19 and 20 are spaced apart by approximately a wall joint.
  • the roof-shaped part 18 is introduced into a recess 21 in the bricks which form the first layer, the remaining cavity of the recess 21 being filled with mortar or the like. As soon as the masonry has received sufficient load-bearing capacity, either only the legs 19 and 20 can be broken off or broken along their material weaknesses 6 or the legs 19, 20 together with the middle parts 17 on both sides of the roof-shaped part 18 can be broken off along the slots 6.
  • This type of reinforcement 18 is particularly expedient for large-volume stones, such as, for example, aerated concrete blocks, light-clinker blocks, concrete blocks, concrete hollow blocks, etc.
  • the lintels according to the invention consist of relatively thin steel sheet (for example 0.7-1.0 mm thick), but it is also possible to produce the lintels from so-called expanded metal, the material weakening being achieved by means of cracks or grooves.

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Abstract

A lintel for supporting arches over doors, windows and other openings in a wall. The lintel is made of relatively thin sheet metal and has at least one load-carrying shank (5;12,13;19,20), so that the lintel in spite of its thin construction can carry great loads during the walling of the arch. The shank or each shank is provided with a longitudinally extending material weakening (6), e.g. a series of slots, perforations, a groove or similar. Said material weakening forms a fracture indication along which the shank can be folded or broken off, when the motar has set and brickwork has become self-supporting.

Description

Einleitungintroduction

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft einen Mauersturz zur Abstützung einer oder mehrerer Mauerschichten beim Mauern von Bauwerken, wie z.B überbrücken von Wandöffnungen, Tragen von Ziegelfasaden und dgl., und der aus einem verhältnismässig dünnem, abgewinkeltem Blechprofil mit mindestens zwei Schenkel besteht.The present invention relates to a lintel for supporting one or more wall layers when masonrying buildings, such as bridging wall openings, supporting brick facades and the like, and which consists of a relatively thin, angled sheet metal profile with at least two legs.

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Mauerstürze zum Überbrücken von Wandöffnungen sind in vielen verschiedenen Ausführungen bekannt (DE-A-1,966,687, 2,533,856). Die GB-A-1457803 schlägt z.B einen Hohlbalken vor der hinter der Fasade eingemauert ist und eine beträchtliche Höhe aufweist.Wall lintels for bridging wall openings are known in many different designs (DE-A-1,966,687, 2,533,856). For example, GB-A-1457803 proposes a hollow beam that is walled in behind the facade and has a considerable height.

Auch s.g Leichtbalken sind bekannt (BE-A-489.891) die mit Perforationen-Löchern-in einem Modulsystem versehen sind, und ein Zusammenschrauben mehrerer Balken zu einem Balkensystem erlauben.So-called light beams are also known (BE-A-489.891) which are provided with perforations-holes in a module system and allow several beams to be screwed together to form a beam system.

Es sind auch schon Stürze vorgeschlagen worden (GB-A-598.093) die sowohl die Fasadenmauer wie die Hintermauerung über Fenster-oder Türöffnungen überbrücken und welche Stürze mit einen dachförmigen Teil in den Zwischenraum zwischen der beiden Mauern hineinragen.Lintels have also already been proposed (GB-A-598.093) which bridge both the facade wall and the backing via window or door openings and which lintels protrude with a roof-shaped part into the space between the two walls.

Um wenig auffällig zu sein, werden Stürze angestrebt die zumindestens zu einem Teil in der Fuge zwischen zwei Steinschichten Platz erhalten und deshalb aus einem verhältnis- mässig dünnem Blechmaterial hergestellt werden. Die Forderung auf geringe Konstruktionshöhe führt jedoch mit, dass das Trägheitsmoment bzw der Biegewiderstand sehr kein ist und der Sturz nur geringe Belastungen aufnehmen kann. Zur Verbesserung der Tragfähigkeit solcher Stürze sind Spannbänder oder Spannstäbe vorgeschlagen worden, (DE-A-2.724.755) welche an den Schenkelendbereichen des Sturzes befestigt werden. Durch Anbrigen dieser Spannbänder in den Ziegelstossfugen können diese unauffällig untergebracht werden. In vielen Fällen ist die Anwendung von L- oder Z-förmigen Profilen nicht möglich, da der die Belastung aufnehmende Steg oder Schenkel nicht versteckt untergebracht werden kann bzw nicht sichtbar sein soll. Verschiedene Gründe dafür können vorliegen sowohl bautechnische wie auch ästhetische solche. Ein Mauersturz zum Überbrücken einer Fenster- oder Türöffnung kann nicht mit mehreren Zentimetern in die Offnung hineinragen, da dieser Platz für den Fenster-oder Türrahmen in Anspruch genommen werden muss.In order to be less conspicuous, lintels are aimed at, which at least partly have space in the joint between two stone layers and are therefore made from a relatively thin sheet material. However, the requirement for a low construction height means that the moment of inertia or the bending resistance is very little and that the lintel can only absorb small loads. To improve the load-bearing capacity of such falls, tensioning straps or tie rods have been proposed (DE-A-2,724,755) which are fastened to the leg end regions of the fall. By attaching these straps in the brick butt joints, they can be accommodated inconspicuously. In many cases, the use of L- or Z-shaped profiles is not possible, since the web or leg that absorbs the load cannot be hidden or should not be visible. There can be various reasons for this, both structural and aesthetic. A lintel to bridge a window or door opening cannot protrude by several centimeters into the opening, since this space for the window or door frame must be taken up.

Zweck, Aufgabe und Lösung der ErfindungPurpose, object and solution of the invention

Der Zweck der Erfindung ist einen Mauersturz der eingangs erwähnten Art vorzuschlagen, der beim Mauern die genügende Festigkeit zur Abstützung der Mauerschicht besitzt, der gewichtsmässig leicht ist und durch sein Eigengewicht die Belastungsvoraussetzungen wenig beeinflust, der Torsionskräfte bedingt durch einseitige Belastung des Sturzes während des Mauerns aufnehmen kann, und der aus einem dünnen Blechprofil auf einfache Herstellungsweise beigbar ist. Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zu Grunde einen Mauersturz dieser Art zu schaffen der trotz seiner Leichtbauweise während der Mauerarbeit groose Belastungen aufnehmen kann, nach erfolgter Abbindung des Mörtels jedoch zwischen den Ziegelsteinen beim Satzen eines Fenster-oder Türrahmens nicht behindernd im Wege ist. Diese Aufgabe wurde dadurch gelöst, dass der bzw die den Steg des Sturzes bildenden, belastungsaufnehmenden Schenkel des Sturzes je mit einer in dessen gesamten Länge sich erstreckenden Materialschwächung beispielsweise einer Reihe von Schlitzen Perforierungen oder dgl. versehen ist, wobei die Materialschwächung den Steg in zwei Teile aufteilt von denen der äussere Teil-nachdem das Mauerwerk Tragfähigkeit erhalten hat-in einem Abstand von der Kante zum zweiten Schenkel etwa entsprechend der Dicke einer Mauerfuge nach innen abbeigbar oder abbrechbar ist.The purpose of the invention is to propose a lintel of the type mentioned at the outset, which has sufficient strength to support the wall layer, which is light in weight and has little influence on the loading conditions due to its own weight, which absorb torsional forces caused by one-sided loading of the lintel during the walling can, and which can be added from a thin sheet profile in a simple manner. The invention is based on the object of creating a wall lintel of this type which, despite its lightweight construction, can absorb large loads during masonry work, but after the mortar has set, is not an obstacle in the way between the bricks when setting a window or door frame. This object was achieved in that the load-bearing leg of the fall forming the web of the lintel is each provided with a material weakening extending over its entire length, for example a series of slits perforations or the like, the material weakening the web in two parts divides, of which the outer part - after the masonry has received load-bearing capacity - can be broken inwards or broken off at a distance from the edge to the second leg approximately corresponding to the thickness of a wall joint.

Erläuterung der Zeichnungsfiguren

  • Fig. 1 zeige eine perspektivische Ansicht eines Mauersturzes der Erfindung.
  • Fig. 2 ist eine Vorderansicht eines Teiles eines Bauwerkes mit einer Fenster- oder Türöffnung in dem der erfindungsgemässe Mauersturz angebracht ist.
  • Fig. 3 zeigt in perspektivischer Ansicht einen Schnitt nach der Linie 111-111 in der Fig. 2.
  • Fig. 4 zeigt ebenfalls in perspektive ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung.
  • Fig. 5 ist ein Schnitt durch eine Mauer versehen mit dem erfindungsgemässen Mauersturz gemäss Fig. 4.
  • Fig. 6 zeigt eine perspektivische Ansicht einer Ausführungsvariante der Erfindung.
  • Fig. 7 ist ein Schnitt durch eine Mauer versehen mit dem Sturz gemäss Fig. 6.
Explanation of the drawing figures
  • Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of a lintel of the invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a front view of part of a building with a window or door opening in which the lintel according to the invention is attached.
  • FIG. 3 shows a perspective view of a section along line 111-111 in FIG. 2.
  • 4 also shows another embodiment of the invention in perspective.
  • 5 is a section through a wall provided with the lintel according to the invention according to FIG. 4.
  • 6 shows a perspective view of an embodiment variant of the invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a section through a wall provided with the lintel according to FIG. 6.

Beschreibung der AusführungsbeispieleDescription of the embodiments

Der erfindungsgemässe Mauersturz 1 nach den Figuren 1-3 ist im Querschnitt hauptsächlich Z-förmig, wobei der eine Schenkel 2 aus zwei im Winkel zueinander stehenden Teilen 2 und 3 besteht, die im Querschnitt die Form eines invertierten V's besitzen. Der Winkel zwischen dem Mittelteil 4 des Z-förmigen Profiles und dem erwähnten ersten Schenkel 2 ist etwas grösser als 90°, so dass wenn der Mittelteil 4 horizontale Stellung einnimmt diese schräg nach oben und aussen geneigt ist, Das Teil 3 des geneigten Schenkels 2 bildet hauptsächlich rechten Winkel mit dem horizontellen Mittelteil 4, welches zur Anliegung gegen einen Baukörper gebracht werden kann.The lintel 1 according to the invention according to FIGS. 1-3 is mainly Z-shaped in cross section, one leg 2 consisting of two parts 2 and 3 which are at an angle to one another and have the shape of an inverted V in cross section. The angle between the central part 4 of the Z-shaped profile and the mentioned first leg 2 is somewhat greater than 90 °, so that when the central part 4 assumes a horizontal position, it is inclined upwards and outwards, that Part 3 of the inclined leg 2 mainly forms a right angle with the horizontal central part 4, which can be brought to bear against a building.

Der zweite Schenkel 5 des Z-förmigen Blechprofils ist hauptsächlich rechtwinklig gegen den Mittelteil 4 abgebogen und dient als belastungsaufnehmender Versteifungssteg während dem Mauren und bis das Mauerwerk genügende eigene Festigkeit erhalten hat um selbsstragend zu sein.The second leg 5 of the Z-shaped sheet metal profile is mainly bent at right angles to the central part 4 and serves as a load-bearing stiffening web during the mooring and until the masonry has received its own strength to be self-supporting.

Der Schenkel 5 ist mit Materialschwächungen 6 längs seiner ganzen Länge versehen. In dem dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel bestehen diese Materialschwächungen aus schlitzförmigen Durchbrechungen mit schmalen Materialpartien zwischen den einzelnen Schlitzen, die in einer Reihe auf Abstand von der Umbiegungskante angeordnet sind, welcher zweckmäsig der Dicke einer Mauerfuge entspricht. Die Materialschwächung im Schenkel 5 ist so angeordnet, dass die Tragfähigkeit des Schenkels in dessen Ebene nur unbedeutend verringert wird. Auch andere Typen von Materialschwächungen als Schlitze oder Perforierungen sind möglich, beispielsweise Ritze, Rillen oder auch Kombinationen zwischen den genannten Massnahmen. Sobald das Mauerwerk eigene Tragfähigkeit erhalten hat, kann der Abschnitt des Schenkels 5, der sich von dessen freien Endkante bis zur Materialschwächung 6 erstreckt, entweder in Richtung gegen das Mittelteil 4 des Sturzes abgebogen werden oder auch kann dieser Abschnitt durch wiederholtes Umbiegen längs der Materialschwächung 6 abgebrochen werden. Der übriggebliebene Teil des Schenkels 5 kann als Tropfnase dienen.The leg 5 is provided with material weakenings 6 along its entire length. In the exemplary embodiment shown, these material weakenings consist of slot-shaped openings with narrow material parts between the individual slots, which are arranged in a row at a distance from the bending edge, which expediently corresponds to the thickness of a wall joint. The weakening of material in the leg 5 is arranged such that the load-bearing capacity of the leg is only insignificantly reduced in its plane. Other types of material weakenings than slots or perforations are also possible, for example cracks, grooves or combinations of the measures mentioned. As soon as the masonry has its own load-bearing capacity, the section of the leg 5, which extends from its free end edge to the material weakening 6, can either be bent in the direction towards the central part 4 of the lintel or this section can also be bent by repeated bending along the material weakening 6 be canceled. The remaining part of the leg 5 can serve as a drip nose.

Um die Biegefestigkeit und Torsionssteifigkeit des Sturzes zu erhöhen ist die freie Endkante des Schenkels 5 um 180° umgebogen, so wie dies aus Fig. 1 hervorgeht.In order to increase the bending strength and torsional rigidity of the lintel, the free end edge of the leg 5 is bent through 180 °, as can be seen in FIG. 1.

Das horizontale Mittelteil 4 des Sturzes 1 ist auf der dem Schenkel 5 abgewandten Seite mit einer Ausstanzung 7 versehen, durch die eine Zunge 8 gebildet wird, welche auf drei Seiten durch die Ausstanzung vom Mittelteil getrennt ist. Die Zunge 8 liegt normalerweise in gleicher Ebene wie das Mittelteil 4 und kann von Hand etwa 90° nach unten gebogen werden und bildet dadurch eine Abstützung, so dass sich die Hinterkante des Sturzes durch die Belastung der Ziegelsteine im weichen Mörtel nicht schräg stellen kann.The horizontal middle part 4 of the lintel 1 is provided on the side facing away from the leg 5 with a punch 7, through which a tongue 8 is formed, which is separated on three sides by the punch from the middle part. The tongue 8 is normally in the same plane as the central part 4 and can be bent downward by about 90 ° and thereby forms a support so that the rear edge of the lintel cannot be inclined due to the load on the bricks in the soft mortar.

Eine zusätzliche Tragfähigkeit des Mauerzuges wird mit Hilfe von Spannbändern 11 erhalten, die mit den Schenkeln 2 und 5 so verbunden werden, dass eine Lastübertragung erfolgen kann. Die Spannbänder werden zwischen den Stossfugen der Ziegelsteine angebracht und bestehen aus einem Platteisen oder dgl. das an den Enden mit Umbiegungen 23, 24 versehen ist die teils in die Schlitze 6 des Schenkels 5 eingeführt werden können und teils über die freie Endkante des Schenkels 2 gebogen werden können.An additional load-bearing capacity of the wall pull is obtained with the aid of tensioning straps 11 which are connected to the legs 2 and 5 in such a way that a load can be transferred. The tensioning straps are attached between the butt joints of the bricks and consist of a plate or the like. The ends are provided with bends 23, 24 which can be inserted partly into the slots 6 of the leg 5 and partly bent over the free end edge of the leg 2 can be.

Der in Fig. 1-3 dargestellte Sturz ist in erster Hand zum Überbrücken von Öffnungen vorgesehen, hat aber neben seiner Funktion als solcher auch als Wasserableiter zu dienen, für das Wasser an der Rückseite einer Fasadenbedeckung oder dgl. abläuft.The lintel shown in FIGS. 1-3 is intended for bridging openings first, but in addition to its function as such it also has to serve as a water drain for which water runs off at the back of a facade covering or the like.

Für massiv Mauerwerke und dgl. kann der in Fig. 1-3 dargestellte Sturz nicht angewandt werden da der Schenkel 2 nicht untergebracht werden kann und auch nicht sichtbar sein soll. In solchen Fällen kann der in Fig. 4 und 5 gezeigte Sturz 9 zur Anwendung kommen, welcher hauptsächlich U-förmig ist und überall dort zum Einsatz gebracht werden kann, wo die Unterseite der Maueröffnung durch beispielsweise einen Fenster- oder Türrahmen verdeckt wird. Um den Sturz 9 genügende Tragfähigkeit geben zu können sind die Schenkel 12, 13 mit verhältnismässig grosser Steghöhe ausgebildet, welche den grössten Teil der auftretenden Belastungen aufnehmen. Materialschwächungen 6 sind in beiden Schenkeln 12, 13 auf einigem Abstand von der Beigungskante vorgesehen. An den Endpartien des Sturzes werden entsprechend der Länge der Auflagefläche die Schenkelabschnitte 12, 13 bis zur Materialschwächung entfernt, so wie das beispielsweise in Fig. 5 veranschaulich ist. Die Teile der Schenkel welche sich in die Maueröffnung erstrecken verbleiben während des Mauerns bis zur Abbindung des Mörtels intakt und nehmen dadurch die Belastung des Sturzes von einer oder mehreren Steinschichten auf. Sobald das Mauerwerk genügende Festigkeit erhalten hat, so dass es ihre eigenes Gewicht zu tragen vermag können die äusseren Abschnitte der Schenkel 12, 31 bis zur Materialschwächung 6 durch wiederholtes hin- und herbiegen abgebrochen werden, so wie das in Fig. 5, rechter Teil der Abbildung dargestellt ist. In dieser Ausbildung kann eventuell der Sturz durch Mörtel eingekleidet werden.For massive masonry and the like. The lintel shown in FIGS. 1-3 cannot be used because the leg 2 cannot be accommodated and should also not be visible. In such cases, the lintel 9 shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 can be used, which is mainly U-shaped and can be used wherever the underside of the wall opening is covered by, for example, a window or door frame. In order to be able to give the lintel 9 sufficient load-bearing capacity, the legs 12, 13 are designed with a relatively large web height, which absorb most of the loads that occur. Material weaknesses 6 are provided in both legs 12, 13 at some distance from the bevel edge. At the end parts of the lintel, the leg sections 12, 13 are removed in accordance with the length of the support surface until the material is weakened, as is illustrated, for example, in FIG. 5. The parts of the legs that extend into the wall opening remain intact during the brickwork until the mortar has set, thereby absorbing the fall from one or more layers of stone. As soon as the masonry has received sufficient strength so that it can bear its own weight, the outer sections of the legs 12, 31 can be broken off until the material weakening 6 by repeated back and forth, as in FIG. 5, right part of the figure Figure is shown. In this training, the fall can possibly be covered with mortar.

Es ist auch möglich den äusseren Abschnitt der Schenkel 12, 13 gegen die Unterseite des Mittelteils 10 des Sturzes zu biegen, so wie dies im linken Teil der Fig. 5 verdeutlicht ist. Soll in die Maueröffnung ein Tür- oder Fensterrahmen 14 eingesetzt werden, kann zumindestens ein Teil des Zwischenraumes zwischen Rahmen und Steinschicht, um den Sturz 9 herum, von einer Fugmasse ausgefüllt werden, die vom Tür-oder Fensterfutter überdeckt wird.It is also possible to bend the outer section of the legs 12, 13 against the underside of the central part 10 of the lintel, as is illustrated in the left part of FIG. 5. If a door or window frame 14 is to be inserted into the wall opening, at least part of the space between the frame and the stone layer, around the lintel 9, can be filled with a jointing compound which is covered by the door or window lining.

Das Ausführungsbeispiel gemäss den Figuren 6 und 7 zeigt einen Sturz 16, der dort zur Anwendung kommt wo der Mauerverband nicht selbsttragend ist und nur durch Armierung oder dgl. erzielt werden kann. Der Sturz 16 besteht aus einem haupsächlich U-förmigen Blechprofil, das in dem Mittelteil 17 zwischen den Schenkeln 19 und 20 mit einer in Längsrichtung des Sturzes verlaufenden dachförmigen Partie 18 ausgebildet ist. In der Nähe der Biegungskanten sind wieder Material- . schwächungen 6 vorgesehen, wobei die Schlitze in der dachförmigen Partie 18 in unmittelbarer Nähe der Umbiegung vorgesehen sind, während die Schlitze in den Schenkeln 19 und 20 einen Abstand von etwa einer Mauerfuge aufweisen.The exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 6 and 7 shows a lintel 16 which is used where the masonry structure is not self-supporting and can only be achieved by reinforcement or the like. The lintel 16 consists of a mainly U-shaped sheet metal profile which is formed in the middle part 17 between the legs 19 and 20 with a roof-shaped part 18 running in the longitudinal direction of the lintel. Near the bend edges are material again. weakenings 6 are provided, the slots in the roof-shaped part 18 are provided in the immediate vicinity of the bend, while the slots in the legs 19 and 20 are spaced apart by approximately a wall joint.

Die dachförmige Partie 18 wird in einer Aussparung 21 in den Mauersteinen die die erste Schicht bilden eingeführt, wobei der übrige Hohlraum der Aussparung 21 mit Mörtel oder dgl. ausgefüllt wird. Sobald das Mauerwerk genügende Tragfähhigkeit erhalten hat, können entweder nur die Schenkel 19 und 20 längs ihren Materialschwächungen 6 abgebrochen oder umgebrochen werden oder auch die Schenkel 19, 20 mitsamt den Mittelteilen 17 auf beiden Seiten der dachförmigen Partie 18 längs den Schlitzen 6 abgebrochen werden.The roof-shaped part 18 is introduced into a recess 21 in the bricks which form the first layer, the remaining cavity of the recess 21 being filled with mortar or the like. As soon as the masonry has received sufficient load-bearing capacity, either only the legs 19 and 20 can be broken off or broken along their material weaknesses 6 or the legs 19, 20 together with the middle parts 17 on both sides of the roof-shaped part 18 can be broken off along the slots 6.

Diese Art von Armierung 18 ist besonders für grossvolumige Steine zweckmässig, wie z,B Gasbetonsteine leichtklinker Steine, Betonsteine, Betonhohlsteine usw.This type of reinforcement 18 is particularly expedient for large-volume stones, such as, for example, aerated concrete blocks, light-clinker blocks, concrete blocks, concrete hollow blocks, etc.

Die erfindungsgemässen Mauerstürze bestehen aus verhältnis-mässig dünnem Stahlblech (beispielsweise 0,7-1,0 mm Dicke), es ist aber auch möglich die Stürze aus so genanntem Streckmetall herzustellen, wobei die Materialschwächung durch Ritze oder Rillen erzielt wird.The lintels according to the invention consist of relatively thin steel sheet (for example 0.7-1.0 mm thick), but it is also possible to produce the lintels from so-called expanded metal, the material weakening being achieved by means of cracks or grooves.

Claims (2)

1. A lintel for supporting one or more courses of brick or the like at the walling of constructional works such as walling of arches over wall openings, brick facades and the like, and which comprises a relatively thin sheet metal profile which is bent to form at least two shanks. characterized in, that each shank (5; 12, 13; 19, 20) constituting the rib of the lintel and the load-carrying part thereof is provided with a material weakening, e.g. a series of slots (6) perforations or the like extending along the entire length of the shank, at which the material weakening divides the shank into two parts of which the outer part-after the brickwork has become self-supporting-is folded back inwards or broken off at a distance from the edge to the second shank (4; 10; 17) substantially corresponding to the thickness of a joint between bricks.
2. A lintel according to claim 1, characterized in, that the lintel, which has a substantially U-shaped cross-section, in the middle portion (17) between the shanks (19, 20) is designed with a roof-shaped portion (18) extending into a recess (21) in the brickwork, and that in close spaced relation with the bendings between the middle portion (17) and the roof-shaped portion (18) material weaken- ings (6) are provided.
EP79103220A 1978-09-08 1979-08-31 Lintel Expired EP0008778B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT79103220T ATE3318T1 (en) 1978-09-08 1979-08-31 WALL FALL.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR7825836A FR2435573A1 (en) 1978-09-08 1978-09-08 LINTEAU FOR SUPPORTING THE FIRST SITTING OF WALLING, ARCS OR ARCEAUX
FR7825836 1978-09-08

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0008778A2 EP0008778A2 (en) 1980-03-19
EP0008778A3 EP0008778A3 (en) 1980-04-02
EP0008778B1 true EP0008778B1 (en) 1983-05-11

Family

ID=9212442

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EP79103220A Expired EP0008778B1 (en) 1978-09-08 1979-08-31 Lintel

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Country Link
US (1) US4280308A (en)
EP (1) EP0008778B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE3318T1 (en)
CA (1) CA1126529A (en)
DE (1) DE2965376D1 (en)
DK (1) DK146948C (en)
FI (1) FI64695C (en)
FR (1) FR2435573A1 (en)
NO (1) NO151598C (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE3318T1 (en) 1983-05-15
NO792890L (en) 1980-03-11
DK146948B (en) 1984-02-20
DK373579A (en) 1980-03-09
NO151598C (en) 1985-05-08
US4280308A (en) 1981-07-28
NO151598B (en) 1985-01-21
FR2435573A1 (en) 1980-04-04
FI792750A (en) 1980-03-09
DE2965376D1 (en) 1983-06-16
EP0008778A2 (en) 1980-03-19
EP0008778A3 (en) 1980-04-02
FR2435573B1 (en) 1983-01-14
CA1126529A (en) 1982-06-29
FI64695C (en) 1983-12-12
DK146948C (en) 1984-09-10
FI64695B (en) 1983-08-31

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