EP0702118B1 - Curtain wall construction - Google Patents

Abstract

A bracket mounted facade structure comprises a girder part, preferably horizontal girder parts (1), which with one girder part, preferably an H section girder part (2) and/or with a U section girder part fit around parts of the facade tiles (3 and 4), more particularly tile flanges (5 and 6) with play. In order to improve such structure technically and economically, the vertical play (7) between the preferably ceramic facade tiles (3) or tile flanges (5) and the center web (8) of the girder part or, respectively, of the U section girder part or, respectively, of the H section girder part (2) is completely or partially filled by components, preferably pins (9). Such pins (9) are secured in position by facade tiles (10) placed thereover or by the flanges (5) thereof to prevent them from falling or being pulled out.

Description

The invention relates to a curtain, preferably facade construction mounted on an aluminum substructure according to the preamble of claim 1 or 2.

DE-A-34 01 271 and DE-A-36 27 583 are facade constructions known, which is preferably made of extruded ceramic facade panels, made of short extruded aluminum panel holders, made of aluminum support profiles and basic profiles and anchorages exist. With these constructions the top and bottom folds of the facade panels are almost punctiform gripped by the H-shaped parts of the plate holder and in one particular, the aeration and the capillary Separation serving distance from the front edge of the support profiles committed to this.

The disadvantages of this construction are the high material and assembly effort when screwing or clipping each two plate holders on the support profiles. Besides, they are Facade panels and especially their folds, on which the Attack the plate holder considerably in the event of impact loads at risk of breakage, since the load is transferred at points. Another The disadvantage is that because of the ceramic facade panels usual rough dimensional tolerances, the pre-assembly of the support profiles with appropriate Excess must be done and then in the case of assembly of undersized facade panels with their rebates from the panel holders can be excavated. The subsequent exchange, for example damaged facade panels is difficult. The disadvantage is that the height of the top fold of the top exchange plates can be reduced so that this plate with its rebate in its lower plate holder can be lifted. For subsequent lifting of these facade panels impossible to make. the game must over the shortened head fold by filling the plate holder e.g. with later hardening silicone rubber be eliminated; this is cumbersome to use and can also contaminate the facade panels. Another Disadvantage of the known constructions is that because of the inevitable ceramic tolerances between those encompassing the plate folds Flanges of the panel holder and the top or bottom folds of the facade panels sufficient play must be provided. About the possible rattling The facade panels to be avoided during wind attacks are to compensate for play resilient profiles behind the facade panels as required from the DE-OS 36 27 584 are known and what the material and assembly costs increase. Another disadvantage is that the depth of the support profiles must be kept relatively low to the overall depth of the entire facade construction to keep low. As a result, there is also the section modulus of the support profiles around the Y axis is relatively low, which is necessary for the recording the wind load (edge suction) is decisive. The calculated wind loads in Edge areas of tall buildings are in fact much higher than their own loads curtain walls. Also the moment of resistance against Torision The open profile cross-section is small, so that there are high tensions comes from wind and own load. Another disadvantage of attaching the Facade panels by individual panel holders is that these for Fastening of facade panels with vertically arranged holes less is suitable, since precise holder spacings matched to the hole spacings are to be observed. It causes even more difficulties and costs Fastening of sound-absorbing facade panels with vertical holes to the front surface, since it is produced by extrusion Fastening folds can only be pressed parallel to the direction of the hole. The constructive training is also difficult and involves high costs many connection details e.g. that of building exterior corners and window reveals and especially that of lintels and window sills Facade panels. So far, the occasional task has not been solved, that shading elements integrated into the facade from the same Clothing material movable or adjustable, instead of rigid, on the building to be attached.

In addition, so-called in construction practice. Cassette facades known at which support profiles and facade panels are pre-assembled in cassette frames and then as large-scale facade elements with the crane on the buildings be anchored. The disadvantage of these cassette designs is usually in the fact that the removal of the wind and dead loads from the horizontal support profiles due to the too large Span first on one or more vertical main profiles of this / these transferred to the upper and lower cassette frame profile which is very highly stressed on bending. Of these the load is then transferred to the two vertical cassette frame profiles, which are anchored to the building wall. By the big ones Detours of load transfer and the high stress on the frame profiles, especially on bends, the cassettes must be very stable and heavy are executed and are accordingly expensive. Another inadequate solved problem is the thermal expansion of the preferably horizontal Support profiles, since the vertical main profiles on the edge relative are far from each other and because aluminum, as the preferred material for facade substructures a very high coefficient of thermal expansion owns. The same applies to the thermal expansion of the preferably vertical main profiles. For particularly large spans with external ones Support such as for noise protection facades on the federal highways and federal highways are required, these constructions are unsuitable, because with the support profiles alone there is not sufficient bending stiffness is achievable against wind load and own load. In addition, the substructure always fully visible from the back, which e.g. in use undesirable for soundproof facades and also for certain buildings is.

The task of the curtain wall construction according to the invention is therefore the technical and economic improvement of the construction.

This task is done according to a first proposal by the features of the claim 1 solved. It is also based on a second proposal by the characteristics of claim 2 solved. The advantage of the solutions according to the invention is in the fact that the mounting profiles can be installed with so much clearance, that the facade panels with the top fold first from below into the upper Carrying profile inserted and can be raised so high that also Façade panels with plus tolerance with their rebate still in the lower support profile can be raised and lowered. The required game of built-in facade panels or over their top rebate should be at least the same be the sum of the height of the front upper flange the support profile, the permissible plus tolerance of the facade panel height and the permissible minus tolerance of the support profile spacing. Thereby it is guaranteed that even the largest facade panel permitted the permissible smallest support profile distance with its lower end or their rebate can be lifted into the support profile. The front one and the rear lower flange must be so long that the upper edge or the top rebate of the smallest permissible facade panel (largest Minus tolerance of the plate height) with the largest permissible at the same time Support profile distance (greatest plus tolerance) still with a sufficiently large Grip cover to prevent the facade panels from tipping out to exclude.

Depending on the interaction of the individual tolerances above the upper edge of the Plate or her head palate remaining different sized game will balanced by pins or bolts of different lengths, which - after the characterizing part of claim 1 - after the installation of the facade panel by are inserted into the top of the support profile or which ones - according to the license plate of claim 2 - at different heights from the front to the bottom Half of the H-shaped part of the support profile can be inserted. Through the Installation of the next façade panel arranged above will become this Pins secured against falling out or pulling out. In one case it says the upper facade panel with its lower edge or its rebate on the vertical pin, in the other case the drip fold or the bottom of the upper facade panel arranged in front of the head of the horizontal pin. The Arrangement with the vertical pins has the disadvantage that with increased Exertion of force can be raised via the pin and thus the top plate the lower plate can also be lifted and lifted out.

With the arrangement with the horizontal pins, the plate can no longer be dug when the pen (s) are in the lowest possible range to choose from standing bores are used. The special advantage of two embodiments of the invention is that the facade panels installed after the mounting of the support profiles, through the compensation the height play between the plate head or the top fold on the one hand and on the other hand, the support profile can no longer be removed. In the known constructions according to the above-mentioned patents this is secured by installing additional plate holders the installation of the facade panels arranged under this, what now by inserting the vertical or horizontal pins. This means a considerable saving in material and labor costs.

In an improved embodiment variant according to claim 3, the horizontal Game between plate head or plate head rebate and support profile a bolt or pin engaging vertically from above in the game or partially filled out. This has the advantage of rattling the facade panel is avoided in wind and that between the top fold and the extruded support profile kept a vertical ventilation gap open becomes.

In another embodiment according to claim 4, the vertical and or horizontal play between the head or the top rebate of the facade panel and the encompassing support profile through a hardening mass e.g. Silicone rubber backfilled and thus balanced, which through openings in the lower front flange or in the middle bar after inserting the Facade panel can be introduced.

In a further improved embodiment according to claim 5 are in one or both lower flanges of the support profile ventilation holes or Ventilation slots attached. That has the advantage. that the required Ventilation between the front and back of the facade panels too is possible if the facade panels are close together over their entire length or rest on both flanges of the support profile.

In another embodiment variant according to claim 6, the H-shaped Part of the support profile preferably over a web with a rear (wall-side) vertical flange connected. This has the advantage that the front and rear flanges of the H-shaped profile part on the one hand over the Bridge with the rear flange arranged a double T-beam form which for the discharge of high wind loads by its high Section modulus around the vertical Y-axis is particularly suitable. This can be achieved by additional reinforcement of the front flanges and the rear Flange can be increased even further. This arrangement makes it significant Savings in the overall depth of the facade construction possible. It also has the major advantage that in training of all band details forming outside corners, i.e. building outside corners as well as window and door reveal particularly simple and precise constructions possible are. With these details, the support profile only needs to be at the corner point in a horizontal direction from the front of the facade to the front edge of the wall-side flange are sawn in, so that it is then can be angled easily and very accurately without additional constructive effort is required.

In another embodiment of the facade construction according to the invention according to claim 7, the web is preferably obliquely to the rear rising between the H-shaped support section and the rear wall side Open the flange. The advantage of this form is in that on the one hand ventilation of the entire facade construction between the facade panels on the one hand and the one behind the wall Flange arranged thermal insulation is possible on the other hand. Besides, will through the backwards rising and falling bridge from Wind driven water or condensed water to the front to the H-shaped Profile part derived, can drain through the openings in the web and is on the back of the facade panels to the base of the construction derived. Remain through this water flow or capillary separation the vertical substructure on which the preferably horizontal Support profiles are attached and the thermal insulation dry.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention Facade construction according to claim 8 is the horizontal web of the H-shaped Support profile part with numerous two or more sides punched out otherwise but still provided with tabs connected to the web, which at the Installation after installing the facade panels arranged under the support profile downwards, preferably until the facade panel touches or their top fold are bent out. These tabs take over this embodiment of the invention, the function of vertical play compensation between the top edge of the facade panel or its top rebate on the one hand and the horizontal web of the H-shaped part of the support profile on the other hand, what in the variants according to claims 1 and 2 by the there inserted pins and in the variant according to claim 4 by a Filling mass takes place. Advantageously, the tabs are bent so much that its upper part is very steep downwards, the lower part is flatter runs because the lever arm for bending the tab back is shorter and the holding force gets higher. The particular advantages of this embodiment consist in the fact that the additional material and labor for there is no need to insert the pins or insert the filling compound but the facade panels are largely free of play from the first moment and are securely attached to the substructure.

Another variant according to claim 9 is that alternately tabs of different lengths are arranged. The advantage of longer tabs is that because of the longer lever arm with less Force can be bent down. The advantage of the shorter ones Laschen, on the other hand, is that they are at a larger angle downwards can be turned so that the security forces are greater because the lever arm for the back bend is smaller. The advantage of the tabs that are turned in opposite directions is that they are resilient touch of the facade panel through self-locking effect Obstacle to moving them in both horizontal directions.

In an additional advantageous variant according to claim 10, the tab end one-sided slanted or pointed or the whole tab arranged at an angle. The resulting advantage is that the touched the top edge of the panel or the top rebate of the facade panel and so that one side is pushed away. This also makes the horizontal game the facade panel head or the top rebate in the H-shaped part of the support profile compensated and the clattering of the facade panels prevented. Furthermore results from an arrangement of the tabs near the front Flange of the support profile an advantageous capillary water management Facade water running out through the punched tab holes along the tabs to the front of the head rebate or plate head. At the same time, the game balance results in a one-sided, e.g. Front vertical ventilation gap between the top fold and the front lower flange of the H-shaped support section.

In another variant of the facade construction according to the invention tabs from the middle web of the H-shaped profile part of the support profile partially punched out and slightly bent upwards so that the lower one Edge or the rebate of the upper facade panel spreads on it, so that a horizontal air gap is created between this and the central web. This has the advantage that the water running off the back of the facade panels can run freely through the punched openings and not through Capillary action is retained. This also dries the foot folds of the Facade panels out faster so that there is no moisture accumulation and discoloration in the lower edge area of the facade panels.

In a further variant of the facade construction according to the invention according to claim 12 is both the connecting web of the H-shaped support profile part as well as the foot rebate of the facade slab, preferably after sloping front. This has the advantage that the in the Bridge arranged tabs are bent obliquely backwards and the Press the facade panel head or the head rebate back so that the necessary compensation of the horizontal play, an improvement of the water flow forward and a supply air gap in front of the top fold results. Thereby and through the bevelled rear lower edge already described above The foot rebate of the next panel also has the advantage that the foot rebate in the support profile slides forward and on the front upper flange is free of play so that the rattling of the plates is prevented and on the back of the foot flange a gap for the water flow and Ventilation is created. By different shape and strength of the head and Foot seams can ensure the alignment of the front surfaces of the facade panels become.

Another advantageous embodiment variant of the facade construction according to the invention according to claim 13 is that also on the front lower flange of the H-shaped support profile part arranged bendable tabs are. These allow you to balance the horizontal play between Top rebate and support profile, so that the usually behind the facade panels spring profiles required to avoid rattling noises in the wind can be omitted.

Another variant of the facade construction exists Claim 14 in that the ends of the flanges of the H-shaped profile part are provided with reinforcements facing the H inside. This pulls the advantage that horizontal load transfer when recording of wind and especially shock loads from the head of the head or foot fold is shifted in its foot or directly into the facade panel body. This increases the security against breakage of the folds in particular due to impact loads.

A further improvement results according to claim 15 in that the front upper flange of the H-shaped support profile part on its upper edge sloping towards the front so that the facade panel can be lifted with their rebate in the support profile.

A further corresponding improvement results from claim 16 in that the rear lower edge of the facade panel or the rebate is bevelled accordingly. This not only results in Advantage of an easier assembly but also the advantage of an improved Drainage of the water running on the back of the plate through the in the support profiles punched tabs to the front of the plate but also improved ventilation.

In a further embodiment according to claim 17 of the invention Facade construction is the rear, wall-side flange of the support profile arranged so deep that they are the flanges of the H-shaped profile part at about the same height. The attachment of the support profile with its rear flange to the vertical anchored to the building wall Main profiles are made from the front by two on one Axial holes in the lower flanges of the H-shaped profile part. This arrangement has the advantage that the resultant wind suction load is approximately at the level of the axis of the fastening screw or rivet with which the support profile is attached to the main profiles. Thereby is the effective lever arm of the largest attacking on the facade panels Load, namely the edge suction wind load in tall buildings is very small, which results in a low torsional load on the support profile. Furthermore the upward part of the support profile is omitted rear flange, resulting in a cost-saving weight reduction connected is.

In an embodiment variant according to claim 18, the upper front Flange of the H-shaped support profile part slightly chamfered so that the clear Width of the upper half of the H-shaped profile part narrower towards the bottom and thereby the foot fold in wind suction with its lower edge on Support profile is present. As a result, the wind suction load of the upper facade panel derived below in the support profile. If also the lower front Flange is provided with a reinforcement at its lower end also the wind suction load of the lower plate is derived as low as possible. This makes it possible for the resultant of the wind suction loads to be lower than that horizontal axis of fastening the support profile to the substructure to arrange. This results in an upward rotating moment from the Wind suction load, which is directed against the moment from the own load. This allows the resulting torsional moment to be minimized has a favorable effect on the weight and cost of the support profile. Although it does Wind pressure is a moment that is aligned with that from the dead load and add to this. But since the wind suction load in the building edge area is significantly higher than the wind pressure, comes with this optimization Influence of the wind suction on the position of the resulting forces the greater Meaning too. In case of wind pressure, the plates are also on the two rear flanges so that by shifting the point of attack the upper inner flange up (the lower flange needs because of the impact loads as low as possible) also the resultant can be shifted upwards over the fastening axis and thereby the wind pressure also causes a torque counter to the dead load, whereby the support profile can be optimized.

In another more advantageous embodiment of the invention Construction according to claim 19 is the web between the H-shaped part and the rear flange of the support profile approximately at the two lower ends the same arranged. This creates a water gutter, which becomes effective when briefly over the open horizontal joints more water is driven in by wind than at the same time can run through the openings in this web. The gutter also has the advantage that water dripping from above is collected without that by atomizing the impinging drop the thermal insulation can be drenched.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention Facade construction according to claim 20 is the wall-side part of the support profile partly as a hollow cross section, partly as an open C cross section educated. The advantage of the hollow cross section is that the support profile becomes significantly more torsionally stiff or with the same torsional stiffness and thus a noticeable material saving with the same permissible span is achieved. Due to the additional open C-shaped or flange-like Part of the support profile has the advantage that the support profile after riveted to the main vertical profiles in a simple manner or can be screwed on without a much more complex attachment through the hollow cross section would be required.

In a further development of the facade construction according to the invention according to claim 21 is partially on the flanges of the H-shaped profile part or completely waived. The fastening and securing of the facade panels takes place partially or completely in this embodiment Tabs, which consist of the horizontal flange that the top facade panels bends are bent downwards and upwards and into the upper or engage the lower grooves of the facade panels. The advantage of this embodiment is that they are particularly good for attaching honeycomb perforated facade panels are suitable, which have a particularly high have a sound-absorbing effect. These facade panels, their extrusion direction is perpendicular to the front of the facade, in plastic State of a ceramic strand or in the fired state of a large block perforated brick cut off and can be different because of it directed strand direction not pressed with a head and / or foot fold become. Instead of head and foot folds, however, can be in the frame grooves are sawn or milled into these plates without great effort, into which the flanges and or the tabs of the support profile engage. A Another advantage is that the top and the bottom Grooves can be of the same size and exactly symmetrical, whereby the manufacturing technology of the ceramic honeycomb facade panels is significantly simplified. An additional advantage is that the honeycomb-shaped ceramic facade panels are very good as a substrate suitable for climbing plants without destroying them and without severe frost on metal trellises will suffer damage itself. The Tabs can of course also from the top and / or from the bottom in the vertical Intervene perforation of facade panels, their extrusion direction in the vertical Direction runs.

Naturally, the facade constructions according to the invention are not on horizontal support profiles and facade panels with horizontal holes limited. Leave all the variants described above and below also in connection with vertical support profiles and / or with facade panels apply with vertical holes.

In another form of the facade construction according to the invention Claim 22 is the lower half of the H-shaped part of the support profile so to the rear towards the wall of the building that in alignment Front of the upper and lower facade panel the lower facade panel can be carried out with a much greater depth. Out of it there is the advantage that essential in the lower area of facades Shockproof facade panels can be arranged without making them more expensive Execution for the entire facade would be required. The minor A loss of section modulus around the Y axis falls here not significant because the wind loads are lower in the lower part of the building are. Of course, the top half of the H-shaped part can also be opposite the lower half, if exceptionally only from one certain facade height requires a reinforced design of the panels should be.

In another variant of a facade construction according to claim 23 is done by pouring the perforation of the facade panels with a heavy Filling compound erects a significantly increased impact resistance. Became empirical demonstrated that the impact strength is disproportionate to the increase in weight increases. By pouring reinforcing bars, preferably made of stainless steel, not only a further increase in dead weight is achieved but also the additional advantage that the facade panel at a possible violent stress does get a crack but does not break apart.

In a further embodiment of the facade construction according to the invention according to claim 24, the support profiles to frameless cassette constructions pre-assembled, in which the support profiles in the 1/5 point and in 4/5 point of their total length Ll attached to two rear main profiles which in turn are anchored directly to the building wall. This construction has several major advantages. On the one hand, they lie in that with the stress of the support profiles as a cantilever a span of 3/5 x L1 and overhangs on both sides of 1/5 x L1 the bending moments and thus the material stresses from wind and dead loads only be about 1/6 of the bending moments at the full span of 1 x L1 would occur. Accordingly, with given support profiles the total width of the cassette construction is almost 2.5 times increase; or it can be essential for a given total width lighter support profiles can be used. The load is also transferred the shortest possible route directly into the main profiles, which in turn advantageously in the 1/5-point and 4/5-point of their total vertical length L2 can be anchored to the building and are therefore particularly light can be. The heavy and expensive cassette frame construction can thereby completely eliminated. If a decorative cassette frame for decoration is desired, this can take the form of a very light, non-load-bearing one Execution can be placed on the cassette construction. Another The advantage is that the support profiles and main profiles are not butted are rather touching at all points of intersection, so that through inexpensive connection technologies such as welding, screwing or Rivets an extremely rigid cassette construction can be produced. Similar There are advantages when using vertical support profiles and horizontal ones Main profiles.

A further embodiment of the facade according to the invention according to claim 25 solves the problem of thermal expansion of the support profiles, which is even more serious than before due to the increased spans of the construction according to claim 24. The problem is this. that simple wall angle anchors are usually used to anchor the main profiles to the building wall, to which the continuous main profiles are attached. With the temperature differences of ± 50 K common in the facade area and a thermal expansion of aluminum of 2.5 x 10 ^-6 , there is often plastic deformation of the wall bracket, whereby the permissible stresses are considerably exceeded. The solution to the problem according to claim 25 is that the wall angle holder is instead of simply simply folded here once or several times in a meandering manner, and as a result there is considerably more deformation path available with the same bending stress. Conversely, this means that, with the same deformation, the change in length of the support profiles results in significantly lower stresses in the wall bracket. When the end of the support profile is displaced to the left by thermal expansion, both legs of the anchor angle arranged perpendicular to the facade surface bend as shown in the dashed line in FIG. 14, so that the end of the support profile can shift to the left by the differential length Δℓ ₁ . The possible and permissible without voltage overshoot of Verschiebunq attached to the multi-folded meandering wall angle holder supporting section is ₂ Δℓ and Δℓ is substantially greater than _{the first} The particular advantage of these embodiments is that the length compensation at the so-called sliding point is not achieved by sliding a rivet connection by means of an elongated hole, but only by elastic bending of a thin-walled individual part. This eliminates the effects of friction, which can often lead to the sliding process being blocked.

Another embodiment variant of the construction according to the invention exists according to claim 26 in that the elastic in the lateral direction Wall bracket according to claim 25 also in the vertical direction - ie vertically to the drawing plane - as floating points for the thermal expansion of the vertical main profiles can be used. Training usually takes place a floating point of this type by means of the main profile a flat rivet gauge inserted between the profiles only during the riveting process is riveted with play to the wall bracket, which has an elongated hole is provided. The round hole in the other main profile is depending on the required Degree of coverage of wall bracket and main profile - so each according to the required distance from the wall - drilled just before riveting. With stainless steel profiles, this leads to difficulties in that This is very difficult to drill on the construction site due to its hardness can. Usually this is solved by having a series of dense one behind the other arranged oblong holes in the wall bracket Area grid of round holes in the assigned leg of the main profile faces. This means that a round hole can always be found coincides exactly with one of the elongated holes. The disadvantage is that high expenditure on pre-punched round holes and elongated holes and the resulting caused weakening of the profile cross sections. The invention Solution according to claim 26 is that in the wall bracket a simple or multiple meandering slidably inserted sliding shoe is, the free flange with a series of closely spaced round holes is provided and that only on the flange of the vertical main profile one or a few rows in a row far apart Round holes are arranged. By moving the slide shoe achieved the required coverage in the vertical direction; the horizontal Coverage results from the closely arranged one behind the other Elongated holes in the shoe. The advantage of this construction is in particular for stainless steel, that no holes have to be drilled at the construction site, but that no profiles with a closely spaced perforation are required are.

Another advantageous embodiment of the facade construction according to the invention according to claim 27 is that the support profiles of the Facade panels or their head and foot rebates from the front and rear become. The advantage is that the support profiles are not openly visible on the back but largely hidden between the Plate folds are arranged, which is sometimes circumferential in the case of assembly Cassette frame is required at the architect's request. A Another advantage is that the cross sections of these facade panels are largely symmetrical, so that greater accuracy in manufacture the same is possible.

Of course, all of the methods already described above for Compensation for vertical and / or horizontal play in the form of pens or curved tabs are also used here. The analog one Use of the various other variants described above, in particular for holes and slots in the support profiles for ventilation and Water drainage is in the described, concealed support profiles also possible.

The bending tabs are advantageously accessed as claimed 28 by a tool in the form of a beard key, which with the end of its shaft as an axis of rotation in an opening of the vertical web of the support profile is inserted so that by turning the key the beard acts on the tabs and bends them. The special advantage lies in the simple and quick assembly.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment according to claim 29 the support profiles C-shape, double-T shape or double-C shape, so that they remain invisible even behind open panel joints if you place them in the profile interior dark colors. Another advantage of these profiles is in that when replacing individual facade panels through the panel joints and the open profiles the tabs required to compensate for play are still accessible. The replaced plates do not need secured with silicone rubber against falling out or taking out, because they can be secured by bending the tabs.

An advantageous further development of the invisible invention Support profile construction according to claim 27 is described in claim 29; which is the invisible attachment of window sill panels of the substructure. The window sill plate is on two Support profiles placed and moved parallel to the front so far that the Profiles or parts of the profiles of a fold bar on the window sill panel reached under and the window sill plate thereby secured against lifting becomes. For a later shift of the window sill plate in the opposite direction and to prevent it from lifting off will be on one of the two Profiles a tab bent so far that this with or without play on the Facade panel is in contact. The special advantage of the construction is that that the assembly is very easy and safe and that the support profiles of the Outside of the facade completely and largely from the back are hidden.

Another particularly practical further development according to claim 31 is analogous to claim 30, the invisible fastening of window lintel panels. The lintel plate is thereby moved on two support profiles attached that two folds of the same the profiles or parts of the Reach behind the profiles from above and secure them against falling. A later one Displacement of the lintel plate in the opposite direction and falling the same is done by bending tabs out of one of the profiles or prevented by screwing locking screws into one of the profiles. The particular advantage here is the simple and safe installation and also in that the profiles from the outside of the facade completely and are largely covered from the back.

In another embodiment variant of the facade construction Claim 32 are the support profiles inside the elongated holes of the facade panels arranged invisibly. The support profiles have almost any Cross-section as a round tube, square tube, U-profile, C-profile or the like and are on one or more outer surfaces, each with a row of obliquely bent out resilient tabs to compensate for the horizontal and vertical play and to compensate for inaccuracies in shape. The facade panels must be "threaded" onto two support profiles become; however, the embodiment has the advantage of particularly high security to prevent individual parts from falling in the event of impact loads, since the resilient Lugs absorb the impact to a large extent.

A special embodiment of the facade panels with an inside Support profile is a shading wing according to claim 33. Thereby are several facade panels with spacers and anti-rotation devices preferably threaded onto a central support profile with resilient tabs and attached to the ends of the support profiles from both sides Flanges clamped on the support profile. A rotatable bearing is produced by stub axles screwed into both ends of the support profiles, which e.g. in corresponding eyelets of a cassette construction be stored. The advantage of this design is that too brittle and fragile ceramic facade panels elastic on the Support profile can be attached and is therefore also suitable for moving parts, as is sometimes required by the architect for visual reasons.

A very practical embodiment variant is that according to claim 34, one of the knuckles with right-hand thread and the other on the opposite End with left-hand thread is screwed into the support profile and both steering knuckles at the end e.g. thanks to a square shape against twisting can be secured. This embodiment has the advantage that the storage is also possible without tools in the cassette frame, which is due to the side too narrow joints are not accessible. Before assembling the finished shading wing the two steering knuckles are in the side cassette walls almost entirely, i.e. up to a few millimeters in length in the supporting profiles screwed, do that due to the intended vertical joint gap a notch just a few millimeters deep in the axles provided for this purpose Holes in the side cassette walls are possible. Through several Rotation of the shading wing around its longitudinal axis (in the correct one Direction of rotation) unscrew the two steering knuckles from the support profile out like when releasing a turnbuckle. This creates a safe Storage, because in the operating state the shading wing also over one clamped lever only rotated by a maximum of 180 ° about its longitudinal axis become.

Another particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention Facade according to claim 35 is that the support profiles in the claims 1 to 24 described structures symmetrical to a double support profile are summarized. It is possible in the plane of symmetry arranged mounting flanges to be omitted completely, so that the two H-shaped profile parts only connected by a central web are. But it is also possible to separate these mounting flanges move and combine up and down to a hollow box-shaped support profile. The advantage of this embodiment is that. that these Support profiles can be covered on both sides with a facade and that each the required resistance moments around the X axis according to shape and size (for the dead loads) and around the Y-axis for the wind loads can be. This embodiment is particularly suitable for large ones Spans, as e.g. are required for noise barriers.

A further embodiment variant with considerable advantages exists Claim 36 in that the construction with the hollow box profile Claim 35 composed of two symmetrically arranged support profiles which is in its central plane by vertical and diagonal flat profiles are interconnected so that a truss is formed becomes. The particular advantage of this construction is that several arranged in pairs one below the other and by vertical and diagonal Flat profiles connected to a truss girder in vertical Direction have a much higher load capacity than the sum of the Load capacity of all pairs of support profiles corresponds. This makes it possible to usual for noise barriers on federal highways and highways Wingspan of 4 m with very light and thin-walled support profile constructions to bridge. It is essential that such noise barriers pre-assembled wall elements of 4 m length with or without the planking by facade panels by cranes from above into the 4 m distance Supports are lifted. By combining elements in different Heights e.g. 1,000 mm, 600 mm and 400 mm can be in 200 mm large grid jumps any noise protection wall assembled become. In the horizontal direction, i.e. for the stress caused by wind loads, can increase the section modulus Wy around the vertical y-axis the outside wall thicknesses, especially that of the outside Flanges of the H-shaped profile parts can be increased. Of course it is also possible to use vertical and horizontal support profiles to combine diagonally running profiles into a truss.

In another embodiment of the facade construction according to the invention according to claim 37 is a front leg of the H-shaped support profile part serrated, while the other front leg runs continuously is designed. The advantage of this embodiment is that it also for fixing strand facade panels with vertically arranged Punching is suitable if the hole spacing and tooth pitch are coordinated are. The continuous half advantageously overlaps of the H-profile, the top rebate of the facade panel arranged below, while the toothed flange on the top from below into the perforation of the top Facade panel engages. In the case of unfolded panels, the Plate in which the continuous fold engages, the webs between the Elongated holes in the facade panels are removed. Through this embodiment the advantage of good water flow through the elongated holes the facade panels conveyed. In addition, the facade panels through the engagement of the teeth in the slots against lateral displacement secured.

Fig. 1

zeigt einen Vertikalschnitt quer durch eine erfindungsgemäße Fassadenkonstruktion

Fig. 2

zeigt einen Vertikalschnitt

Fig. 3

zeigt einen Vertikalschnitt

Fig. 4

zeigt einen Vertikalschnitt

Fig. 5 a

zeigt einen Vertikalschnitt quer zur Fassadenfläche

Fig. 5 b

zeigt den Vertikalschnitt AA parallel zur Fassadenfläche

Fig. 5 c

zeigt eine Draufsicht auf ein Tragprofil

Fig. 6 a

zeigt einen Vertikalabschnitt quer zur Fassadenfläche

Fig. 6 b

zeigt den Vertikalabschnitt BB parallel zur Fassadenfläche

Fig. 7

zeigt einen Vertikalschnitt

Fig. 8

zeigt einen Vertikalschnitt

Fig. 9

zeigt einen Vertikalschnitt

Fig. 10

zeigt einen Vertikalschnitt

Fig. 11

zeigt einen Vertikalschnitt

Fig. 12

zeigt einen Vertikalschnitt

Fig. 13

zeigt eine Frontalansicht und einen Vertikalschnitt CC

Fig. 14

zeigt einen Horizontalschnitt

Fig. 15

zeigt einen Horizontalschnitt

Fig. 16

zeigt einen Vertikalschnitt

Fig. 17

zeigt einen Vertikalschnitt

Fig. 18

zeigt einen Vertikalschnitt

Fig. 19 a

zeigt einen Vertikalschnitt

Fig. 19 b

zeigt die Ansicht eines Tragprofiles

Fig. 20 a

zeigt eine perspektivische Ansicht

Fig. 20 b

zeigt Ansichten und Schnitte

Fig. 20 c

zeigt einen Querschnitt

Fig. 21 a

zeigt einen Vertikalschnitt

Fig. 21 b

zeigt einen Vertikalschnitt

Fig. 22 a

zeigt einen Vertikalschnitt

Fig. 22 b

zeigt eine Ansicht, einen Vertikalschnitt und einen Horizontalschnitt

Fig. 23

zeigt einen Vertikalschnitt und eine Ansicht

The invention is exemplified in the following description with reference to drawings in various embodiments. Show it:

Fig. 1

shows a vertical section across a facade construction according to the invention

Fig. 2

shows a vertical section

Fig. 3

shows a vertical section

Fig. 4

shows a vertical section

Fig. 5 a

shows a vertical section transverse to the facade surface

Fig. 5 b

shows the vertical section AA parallel to the facade surface

Fig. 5 c

shows a plan view of a support profile

Fig. 6 a

shows a vertical section transverse to the facade surface

Fig. 6 b

shows the vertical section BB parallel to the facade surface

Fig. 7

shows a vertical section

Fig. 8

shows a vertical section

Fig. 9

shows a vertical section

Fig. 10

shows a vertical section

Fig. 11

shows a vertical section

Fig. 12

shows a vertical section

Fig. 13

shows a front view and a vertical section CC

Fig. 14

shows a horizontal section

Fig. 15

shows a horizontal section

Fig. 16

shows a vertical section

Fig. 17

shows a vertical section

Fig. 18

shows a vertical section

Fig. 19 a

shows a vertical section

Fig. 19 b

shows the view of a support profile

Fig. 20 a

shows a perspective view

Fig. 20 b

shows views and cuts

Fig. 20 c

shows a cross section

Fig. 21 a

shows a vertical section

Fig. 21 b

shows a vertical section

Fig. 22 a

shows a vertical section

Fig. 22 b

shows a view, a vertical section and a horizontal section

Fig. 23

shows a vertical section and a view

From Fig. 1 it can be seen in the upper part that the support profile 1 with a H-shaped profile part 2, which is equipped with its lower half the upper panel rebate 5 of the facade panel 3 and with its upper half engages around the lower panel rebate 6 of the facade panel 4. That between the Top edge of the plate rebate 5 and the middle web 8 of the H-shaped profile part 2 remaining vertical game 7 is made entirely by a pin 9 or partially filled, which through an opening in the middle web 8 was inserted and which by the lower foot fold 6 of the above arranged facade panel 4 secured against falling out or pulling out is. From the lower part of Fig. 1 it can be seen that the vertical Game 10 between the top fold 11 and the middle web 12 by one or more horizontal pins 13 is filled, which through holes in front lower flange 14 immediately above the top edge of the top fold 11 are inserted so that the lower facade panel is secured against lifting is.

From Fig. 2 it can be seen that the horizontal play 15 between the top fold 16 and the support profile 17 by a pin 18 which from above an opening is inserted in the central web 19, completely or partially filled is.

From Fig. 3 it can be seen that the vertical play 20 and the horizontal Game 21 between the top rebate 22 of the facade panel 29 and the middle Web 25 and the vertical flanges 23, 24 of the H-shaped profile part 26 of the support profile 27 is filled with a filling compound 28. This can be done the insertion of the facade panel 29 from below into the H-shaped profile part be introduced. However, the introduction is easier. B. from tubes through holes 30 in the central web 25 or through holes from the front in the front flange 23, so that in the area of these holes to compensate for play Upholstery is created.

In Fig. 4, a support profile 34 is shown, the two lower flanges 32, 33, which encompass the top fold 31, with ventilation openings or ventilation slots 35, 36 are provided. In addition, the front and rear Flanges 32, 33 of the H-shaped profile part 37 via the web 38 with the rear vertical flange 39 connected so that a lying double T-beam arises, which due to its relatively high section modulus vertical y-axis can derive high wind loads with a low installation depth.

Through additional reinforcements, in particular of the foremost flanges 32, 41 and the rear flange 39, the section modulus can still be targeted increased or construction depth saved. The jetty rising to the rear 38 is provided with openings 40 so that water driven in by the wind or condensed water to the front to the H-shaped profile part 37 and from there can be derived at the back of the facade panels.

In Fig. 5a, a support profile 45 is shown, which in the horizontal web 42 of the H-shaped profile part 43 with partially punched-out tabs 44 is provided. These tabs are 46 after installing the facade panels bent out from top to bottom until they are free of play or with little Play against the top edge or on the top rebate 47 of the facade panel 46 and secure it against lifting.

In Fig. 5b, a support profile 45 is shown, from the horizontal web 42 a longer tab 44 and a shorter tab 48 as far down are bent out that they are on the upper edge of the top rebate 47 of the facade panels 46 play without play or with play.

In Fig. 5c the H-shaped part of a support profile is shown, from which horizontal web 49 straps with different contours 50 to 56 punched out are, which are each still connected at one end to the web 49 are around which they can be bent. These tabs are preferred spaced 57 such that each facade panel can be secured by at least one bent tab. The obliquely cut tab 53 penetrates somewhat into the surface with its tip the facade panel or its top rebate. The acute-angled tab 54 reaches with its tip into the front gap between the top fold of the Plates and the front lower flange and compensates for the horizontal Game. The tab 55 exercises an additional due to its oblique arrangement horizontal force on the top fold and the tab 56 is asymmetrical in the web 49 attached.

In Fig. 6a are from the central web 57 of the H-shaped profile part 58 of the Support profile 59 tabs 60 partially punched out and bent upwards, that between the lower edge of the rebate 61 of the upper facade panel 62 and the central web 57, an air gap 63 is formed.

6b different variants of the tabs 63, 64, 65 are shown, which is partially punched out of the middle web 66 and upwards are bent out that between the foot fold 67 and the central web 66 Air gap 68 arises.

In Fig. 7 are the central web 69 of the H-shaped profile part 70 of the support profile 71 and the lower edge 75 of the rebate 76 of the facade panel 77 sloping towards the front. As a result, the foot fold 76 slides in the H-shaped profile part 70 to the front and lies without play on the front upper flange 78. Through the tab 79 in the oblique middle web 69, the top fold 80 of the facade panel 74 is pushed back and lies against the rear lower flange 81 without play and without rattling. The pressure of the top fold 80 on the rear lower flange 81 can optionally also by bending corresponding tabs 73 in the front lower flange 72 can be reached.

In Fig. 8 are several flanges of the H-shaped profile part 82 of the support profile 94 at their ends 83, 84, 85 with reinforcements directed towards the H inside Mistake. This can result in the transmission of wind and shock loads from the head of the foot fold 90 to its foot. Besides, is the upper edge 87 of the front upper flange 86 sloping forward and the rear lower edge 88 of the rebate 90 of the facade panel 89 formed inclined to the rear to facilitate installation. The rear wall-side flange 91 of the support profile 94 is approximately at the same level with the lower flanges 92, 93 of the H-shaped profile part 82. The holes 95, 96, 97 arranged in the three flanges 91, 92, 93 lie about on one axis. It can also be seen that the inside 98 of the upper front flange 86 is chamfered. It also shows that a web 99 is attached from the lower end of the flange 84, which rises towards the rear the connection to the lower end of the building Manufactures flange 91. The web 99 forms with the flanges 84 and 91 a gutter for larger, temporarily possible larger ones on the back of the facade amount of water running off. The water can pass through the openings 100 drain again.

9, the wall-side part 101 of the support profile 102 consists of a Box section 103 and an open part 104. It is further shown that in the oblique central web 105 of the H-shaped profile part 106 securing tabs 107 are bent down, which on the beveled rear edge 108 of the top rebate 109 of the facade panel 110 attack and both forward with an air gap against the spacer tabs 111 press on the front lower flange 112 as well Secure facade panel 110 against lifting upwards. The top facade panel 113 is seated with the inclined groove surface 114 of its foot fold 115 the distance tabs 116, which from the inclined central web 105th are punched out and bent upwards. The rear lower flange 117 of the H-shaped profile part 106 forms together with the inclined web 118 and the front wall 119 of the hollow box section 103 a water collecting channel 120, from which the water flows down through the openings 121 can.

In Fig. 10, a horizontal flange 122 is attached to the support profile 123 from which the downwardly and upwardly bent tabs 124, 125 into the engage grooves 126, 127 of the facade panels 128, 129 and secure them against lifting or falling out.

In Fig. 11, the lower or upper half 129 of the H-shaped profile part 130 of the support profile 131 relative to the other half 132 towards the building wall transferred. This makes it possible despite the aligned front surfaces 133, 134 of the upper and lower facade panels 135, 136 the lower facade panel 135 with increased depth and thus increased impact resistance to execute.

12, the holes 137 of the facade panel 138 are filled with concrete 139, which roughly doubles the impact resistance. In the top one and the bottom hole is additionally cast with a reinforcing bar 140 made of stainless steel, which not only further increases the impact resistance, but also that Prevents the plate from breaking across the perforation.

In Fig. 13, the horizontal support profiles 141 are shown, which the Have total length L1 and approximately in the 1/5 point or 4/5 point of their total length are attached to the rear main profiles 142. These are in turn again at about 1/5-point or 4/5-point of their total length L2 Anchoring 143 anchored to the building wall 144.

14, the support profiles 148 are on the continuous main profiles 145 attached, which in turn in the left part of the drawing on a simple meandering angled wall bracket 146 and in the right part a multiple meandering angled wall bracket 147 attached is.

In Fig. 15, the support profiles 160 are attached to main profiles 159, which in turn on a simply meandering angled sliding shoe 153 or are attached to a multi-angled shoe 154. In the Slide thermal expansion of the main profiles 159 perpendicular to the plane of the drawing the sliding shoes 153, 154 with their legs 155, 156 in the gap of the U-shaped folded leg 157, 158 of the fixed part 151, 152 of the wall bracket 149, 150.

16, the support profiles 159 are from the edge-side lower folds 160, 161 of the upper facade panel 164 and of the edge-side folds 162, 163 of the lower facade panels 165 encompassed on both sides. The tabs 166 of the Support profile 159 can through the beard 167 of a key-like tool 168 are bent downwards. This tool comes with its Shank end 169 rotatable in openings 170 of the vertical web 171 of the Carrying profile 159 inserted and is supported there. as soon as the tabs 166 be bent.

In Fig. 17 a window sill panel 172 is shown, which on two support profiles 173, 174 rests, the partial areas 175, 176 of folds 177, 178 the window sill panel 172 can be reached. From the support profile 174 are Brackets 179 bent out, which the windowsill plate 172 against horizontal Secure shift.

In Fig. 18 a lintel plate 180 is shown, which on two support profiles 181, 182 is attached, which in sections 183, 184 of folds 185, 186 the lintel plate 180 are gripped. From the support profile 182 are tabs 187 bent out, the lintel plate 180 against horizontal displacement to back up. In the support profile 188 screws 189 are secured against screwed in horizontal displacement.

19a / 19b support profiles 190, 191 are shown, which on several Pages are provided with sloping tabs 192, 193 and in the Elongated holes 194, 195 of the facade panels are inserted. In doing so the tabs are bent back elastically, so that a play-free but elastic The facade panel is fastened.

20a, 20b and 20c, movable shading elements 199 are shown, in which the facade panels 196, 197 on a support profile 198 are threaded. Steering knuckles 200, 201 with right or. Left-hand thread screwed in. Plastic adapters 202, which in the Forehead joints between two facade panels engage on both sides into the holes in the plates and secure them against each other Twist.

In Fig. 21 a, a double-sided support profile is shown, which on both sides consists of H-shaped parts 203, 204, which are interconnected by a web 205 are connected.

Another double-sided support profile is shown in FIG. 21b which the mutually H-shaped parts 203, 204 by oblique webs 206, 207 are connected to a central hollow box profile 208.

22 a shows the vertical section of a noise barrier. Here are two symmetrically arranged support profiles 209 via vertical and diagonal Flat profiles 211, which are arranged in the plane of symmetry 210, so connected to each other that in connection with above and / or below arranged truss profile pairs creates a truss. The outside Flanges 212 of the H-shaped profile parts 213 are for increasing the section modulus Wy amplified about y-axis 214.

In Fig. 22 b, one half of the truss 215 is shown. He will by means of a crane and ropes 216 from above between the flanges 217 of the supports 218 on both sides and on the foundations on both sides Discontinued 219. The truss 215 itself consists of the pairs one above the other horizontal support profiles 220, the vertical Flat profiles 221 and the diagonals 222, which are in the plane of symmetry 223 are arranged.

23, a support profile 227 is shown. The front leg 224 of the H-shaped support profile 225 is toothed and the other front leg 226 is carried out continuously.

24, 25 and 26, embodiments are shown, from which it can be seen that the profile part, which parts of the Façade panels, especially panel rebates, do not necessarily encompass Must be H-shaped or U-shaped.

FIG. 24 shows an embodiment that corresponds to that of FIG. 9 is similar. In contrast to the embodiment according to FIG. 9 are the rear lower in the embodiment of FIG. 24 Flange 117 and the inclined web 118 are not available. In the Rather, the oblique middle web 105 is immediate connected to the wall profile. The sloping central web 105 could 24 also with the front in the embodiment according to FIG Wall of a box girder profile (not in Fig. 24 shown in the drawing). The one located above the profile part The facade panel lies with its rebate on the sloping middle one Bridge 105. 24 could also in the embodiment of FIG the spacer tabs 116 provided in FIG. 9 are provided be (not shown in the drawing of Fig. 24). The top fold the facade panel under the profile is also 24 in one embodiment 9 corresponding manner from the spacer tabs 111 of the front lower flange 112 and the securing tabs 107 of the inclined middle web 105 held.

26 is not only the rear one upper end of the top fold of those located under the profile part Facade panel held by a securing tab, but also its front upper end. The top fold is both on the back and on the front of one each Secured tab held. Both securing tabs are included connected to the horizontal web of the profile part.

25 shows a modification of the embodiment of FIG. 26. In the variant of FIG. 25 there is only a single securing tab available with the horizontal web of the Profile part is connected and the two oblique edges has, one of which is at the rear upper edge of the Head fold lies and the other at the front upper edge of the top fold. 25 secures the securing tab So the functions of the two securing tabs Fig. 26 in a single component.

Claims (38)

1. Externally suspended facade system, consisting of supporting sections, preferably horizontal supporting sections (1), which, by means of a section part, preferably by means of an H-shaped section part (2) and/or by means of a U-shaped section part, engage with clearance over parts of the facade panels (3, 4), especially panel rebates (5, 6), characterized in that the vertical clearance (7) between the preferably ceramic facade panels (3) or panel rebates (5) and the web or middle web (8) of the section part or of the H-shaped section part (2) or the U-shaped section part is wholly or partially filled by pins (9) inserted into the clearance (7).
2. Externally suspended facade system, consisting of supporting sections, preferably horizontal supporting sections (1), which, by means of a section part, preferably by means of an H-shaped section part (2) and/or by means of a U-shaped section part, engage with clearance over parts of the facade panels (3, 4), especially panel rebates (5, 6), characterized in that the vertical clearance (7) between the preferably ceramic facade panels (3) or panel rebates (5) and the web or middle web (8) of the section part or of the H-shaped section part (2) or the U-shaped section part is filled by structural parts inserted into the clearance (7).
3. Externally suspended facade system according to Claim 1, characterized in that the vertical clearance (10) between the facade panel head or head rebate (11) on the one hand and the middle web (12) on the other hand is wholly or partially filled by a horizontal pin 13 engaging into the vertical clearance (10).
4. Externally suspended facade system according to Claim 1 or 3, characterized in that the horizontal clearance (15) between the facade panel head or head rebate (16) on the one hand and the supporting section (17) on the other hand is wholly or partially filled by a vertical pin (18).
5. Externally suspended facade system according to Claim 2, characterized in that the vertical clearance (20) and/or the horizontal clearance (21) between the facade panel head or head rebate (22) on the one hand and the middle web (25) and/or the vertical flanges (23, 24) of the H-shaped section part (26) of the supporting section (27) is filled by a filling composition (28).
6. Externally suspended facade system according to one of the preceding claims, cbaracterized in that ventilation holes or ventilation slits (35, 36) are provided in one lower or both lower flanges (32, 33) of the supporting section (34) engaging over the facade panel head or the head rebate (31).
7. Externally suspended facade system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the H-shaped part (37) of the supporting section (34) is connected via a web (38) to a rear, preferably vertical flange (39) on the wall side.
8. Externally suspended facade system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the web (38), preferably rising obliquely towards the rear, is provided with apertures (40).
9. Externally suspended facade system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the horizontal web (42) of the H-shaped section part (43) is provided with tongues (44) punched out on two or more sides and connected to the web (42) which, in the installed state of the facade panels (46) arranged below the supporting section (45) are bent out downwards.
10. Externally suspended facade system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, in the horizontal web (49), preferably shorter tongues (50) or longer tongues (51) or tongues in the same and/or opposite directions (52) are arranged preferably in alternation.
11. Externally suspended facade system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tongue ends are designed to be oblique (53) or pointed (54) on one side or the whole tongues are arranged obliquely (55) or excentrically (56).
12. Externally suspended facade system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the middle web (57, 66) of the H-shaped section part (58) is provided with tongues (60, 63, 64, 65) punched out on two or more sides which are bent out upwards.
13. Externally suspended facade system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the connecting web (69) of the H-shaped section part (70) is designed to be oblique, preferably falling away obliquely forwards.
14. Externally suspended facade system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that one or more flanges of the H-shaped section part (70) of the supporting section (71), in particular the front lower flange (72), is or are provided with tongues (73) punched out on two or more sides which, in the installed state cf the facade panels (74), are bent outwards toward the inside of the H-shaped supporting section part (70).
15. Externally suspended facade system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that one or more flanges of the H-shaped supporting section part (82) are provided at their ends (83, 84, 85) with reinforcements facing the inside of the H.
16. Externally suspended facade system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the front upper flange (86), remote from the wall, of the H-shaped supporting section part (82) is chamfered downwards and forwards at its upper edge (87).
17. Externally suspended facade system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rear lower edge (88), facing the wall, of the facade panel (89) or of the foot rebate (90) is chamfered rearwards and upwards.
18. Externally suspended facade system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rear flange (91), on the wall side, of the supporting section (94) is arranged approximately at the same height as the lower flanges (92, 93) of the H-shaped part (82) and in that the apertures 95, 96, 97 arranged in the flanges 91, 92, 93 lie approximately on one axis.
19. Externally suspended facade system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the inside (98) of the upper front flange (86) is arranged obliquely.
20. Externally suspended facade system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the web (99) between the H-shaped section part (82) and the rear flange (91) of the supporting section (94) extends approximately from the lower end of the rear flange (84) of the H-shaped part (82), preferbaly rising, approximately to the lower end of the rear flange (91) on the building side.
21. Externally suspended facade system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the part (101) of the supporting section (102) on the wall side consists of a hollow box section part (103) and open part (104).
22. Externally suspended facade system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tongues (124, 125) formed on the horizontal flange (122) of the supporting section (123) engage from above and below into, respectively, head-end and foot-end grooves (126, 127) in the facade panels (128, 129) laid, respectively, below and above the horizontal flange (122).
23. Externally suspended facade system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lower half (129) or upper half (123) of the H-shaped part (130) of the supporting section (131) is arranged offset rearwards towards the building wall relative to the other half (132, 129).
24. Externally suspended facade system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the holes (137) in the facade panels (138) are wholly or partially filled with a filling composition (139), preferably concrete, in which preferably one or more reinforcing rods (140) are incorporated.
25. Externally suspended facade system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the supporting sections (141) are fixed at the 1/5 points and the 4/5 points of their total length L1 to two main sections (142) extending at right angles thereto.
26. Externally suspended facade system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the main sections (145) are fixed to wall-mounted angle brackets (146, 147) which contain one or more curving angles.
27. Externally suspended facade system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the wall-mounted angle bracket (149, 150) consists of a fixed part (151, 152) and a sliding block (153, 154), and in that one leg (155, 156) of the sliding block (153, 154) having one or more curving angles is slidingly arranged in the gap of the U-shaped, folded leg (157, 158) of the fixed part (151, 152) of the wall-mounted angle bracket (149, 150).
28. Externally suspended facade system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the supporting sections (159) are engaged around both sides by the edge-side rebates (160, 161, 162, 163) of adjoining facade panels (164, 165).
29. Externally suspended facade system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tongues (166) of the supporting section (159) are arranged to be capable of being bent by the bit (167) of a key-shaped tool (168), whose shank end (169) is rotatably insertable into apertures (170) of the vertical web (171) of the supporting section (159).
30. Externally suspended facade system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the supporting sections are of C-shape, double-T-shape or double-C-shape (159).
31. Facade system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the window-sill panel (172) rests on, preferably, two supporting sections (173, 174) under which rebates (177, 178) of the window-sill panel (172) engage in partial areas (175, 176), and the window-sill plate (172) is secured against horizontal displacement by one or more tongues (179) bent out from at least one supporting section (174).
32. Facade system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lintel panel (180) is suspended on, preferably, two supporting sections (181, 182) over which rebates (185, 186) engage in partial areas (183, 184), and in that the lintel panel (180) is secured against horizontal displacement by one or more tongues (187) bent out from at least one supporting section (182) or securing screws (189) screwed into a supporting section (188).
33. Externally suspended facade system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the supporting sections (190, 191) are provided on one or more sides with obliquely exposed tongues (192, 193) and are arranged in one or more slots (194, 195) in the facade panels.
34. Externally suspended facade system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the facade panels (196, 197) are grouped together on one or more supporting sections (198) to form a movable member which can be mounted rotatably.
35. Externally suspended facade system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a journal having a right-hand thread (200) and a journal having a left-hand thread (201) are screwed into each of the two ends of the supporting section of an opaque member (199).
36. Externally suspended facade system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that two H-shaped parts (203, 204) are combined via a web (205) or via webs (206, 207) with a central intermediate section (208) to form a substantially symmetrical double section.
37. Externally suspended facade system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that pairs of symmetrically arranged horizontal supporting sections (209) are repeatedly arranged one above the other at particular intervals and, with vertical and diagonal sections (211) preferably arranged in the plane of symmetry (210), form a truss girder.
38. Externally suspended facade system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that one front leg (224) of the H-shaped supporting section part (225) is designed with teeth and the upper front leg (226) is of continuous design.

Images