EP0000839B1 - Improvements in or relating to friction materials - Google Patents

Improvements in or relating to friction materials Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0000839B1
EP0000839B1 EP78300258A EP78300258A EP0000839B1 EP 0000839 B1 EP0000839 B1 EP 0000839B1 EP 78300258 A EP78300258 A EP 78300258A EP 78300258 A EP78300258 A EP 78300258A EP 0000839 B1 EP0000839 B1 EP 0000839B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
friction material
material according
friction
binder
volume
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP78300258A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0000839A1 (en
Inventor
John Chester
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Federal Mogul Friction Products Ltd
Original Assignee
Ferodo Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ferodo Ltd filed Critical Ferodo Ltd
Publication of EP0000839A1 publication Critical patent/EP0000839A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0000839B1 publication Critical patent/EP0000839B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D69/00—Friction linings; Attachment thereof; Selection of coacting friction substances or surfaces
    • F16D69/02—Composition of linings ; Methods of manufacturing
    • F16D69/025—Compositions based on an organic binder
    • F16D69/026—Compositions based on an organic binder containing fibres

Definitions

  • This invention relates to friction materials, and more preferably to friction materials of the kind used for brake pads, brake linings, clutch facings and similar uses.
  • Friction materials of this kind are generally composed of a thermoset binder, an inorganic fibrous reinforcement and various fillers and other additives. These compositions are required to withstand severe operating temperatures and pressures under repeated application without failure or deterioration in friction properties and the fibrous reinforcement generally used is asbestos. Numerous proposals have been made of compositions containing other inorganic fibrous reinforcement but such materials have so far found limited commercial acceptance.
  • an asbestos-free friction material composition comprises a thermosetting binder containing phenol-formaldehyde resin, a fibre based reinforcement including steel fibres and other fillers and additives characterised in that:-
  • the steel fibres are fine, e.g. 0.125 mm diam., and with a length in the range 1 to 5 mm.
  • the steel may be mild steel.
  • the fibre-based reinforcement is a mixture of materials, one at least of which is staple steel fibre.
  • Other reinforcing materials which may be included in the mixture in powder form include reinforcing fillers such as mica and wollastonite, and milled glass fibre.
  • the thermoset binder includes a thermoset resin based on a phenol-formaldehyde resin but may also include a heat and chemical resistant vulcanised rubber, such as a nitrile rubber. Preferably a mixture of such materials is used of which the phenol-formaldehyde resin material constitutes at least half.
  • a rubber When a rubber is used it may be incorporated into the friction material in the form of a powder but is preferably incorporated in the form of a solution in a suitable organic solvent and a vulcanising agent such as sulphur is also used.
  • thermoset binder is preferably in the range 20 to 32% by volume of the friction material.
  • various other materials may be included as fillers, friction and wear modifiers etc. the proportions of which can be varied to adjust the friction and other properties of the materials.
  • the preferred additives are particulate fillers, more preferably a mixture of such materials and friction and wear modifying materials.
  • the particulate fillers will' generally be present in an amount between 10 and 50% by volume and may include such fillers as barytes, whiting, silica etc.
  • friction and wear modifiers are carbon, graphite, antimony trisulphide and molybdenum disulphide and metals, in a finely divided form.
  • suitable metals are copper and tin. A mixture of such materials may be used, and the total amount of such materials may be up to 40% by volume.
  • the friction materials of the present invention are particularly suited to be manufactured by a press-molding technique in which all the ingredients of the material are compounded together, the compounded mix disintegrated and (optionally dried) and then moulded into a component such as a brake pad in a die under pressure. The moulded component is then removed from the die and baked to cure the binder.
  • the invention provides friction materials which do not contain asbestos, and yet have comparable properties to asbestos-based friction materials.
  • Example 1 sample disc-brake pads were manufactured according to the formulation given below in Table I. The ingredients were initially compounded together, the nitrile rubber being introduced into the mixture as a powder and the compound was disintegrated and dried.
  • the material was then moulded into pads under pressure in a die and the mouldings baked in an oven to cure the binder.
  • sample pads produced were tested and found to have friction properties comparable to asbestos-containing materials.
  • Sample disc-brake pads were manufactured according to the formulations given below in Table II. The ingredients were initially compounded together, the nitrile rubber being introduced into the mixture as a 15-20% solids content solution in trichloroethylene, and the phenol-formaldehyde resin as a 70% solids content solution in methylated spirits. The compound was disintegrated and dried and then moulded into pads under pressure in a die and the mouldings baked in an oven to cure the binder.
  • Example 2 the reinforcement was a mixture of Steel Fibres and mica (as in Example 1) but in Example 3 the reinforcement was a mixture of the steel fibres and milled E Glass, the latter being a dust composed of very short lengths of milled glass fibre.
  • the binder included equal amounts of rubber and resin.
  • the wear of the material of Example 2 was as good as, or better than, most conventional materials of comparable friction level.
  • the wear of the material of Example 3 was reasonable for the level of friction, although higher than that of the materials of Example 2.
  • Example 2 The assembly shear strength of two pads of each material were measured, the values obtained for Example 2 being 16065 and 14755 KN/m 2 and those for Example 3 being 16134 and 15375 KN/m 2 .

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
EP78300258A 1977-08-10 1978-08-08 Improvements in or relating to friction materials Expired EP0000839B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB3345877 1977-08-10
GB33458/77A GB1604839A (en) 1977-08-10 1977-08-10 Friction materials

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0000839A1 EP0000839A1 (en) 1979-02-21
EP0000839B1 true EP0000839B1 (en) 1981-08-05

Family

ID=10353233

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP78300258A Expired EP0000839B1 (en) 1977-08-10 1978-08-08 Improvements in or relating to friction materials

Country Status (13)

Country Link
US (2) US4273699A (it)
EP (1) EP0000839B1 (it)
JP (1) JPS5434349A (it)
AU (1) AU3875478A (it)
BR (1) BR7805104A (it)
CS (1) CS216919B2 (it)
DD (1) DD138076A5 (it)
DE (1) DE2860901D1 (it)
GB (1) GB1604839A (it)
IN (1) IN148770B (it)
IT (1) IT1156900B (it)
SU (1) SU837328A3 (it)
ZA (1) ZA784379B (it)

Families Citing this family (31)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4178278A (en) * 1978-03-01 1979-12-11 Johns-Manville Corporation Friction material for railroad service
US4175070A (en) * 1978-06-02 1979-11-20 The Bendix Corporation High carbon friction material
AU6662381A (en) * 1980-02-28 1981-09-03 Goodyear Aerospace Corp. Elimination of asbestos in organic-type brake linings
JPS579330A (en) * 1980-06-19 1982-01-18 Uchiyama Mfg Corp Core material of clutch friction plate
EP0050377B1 (de) * 1980-10-16 1985-10-02 Rütgerswerke Aktiengesellschaft Asbestfreies Reibmaterial
US4373037A (en) * 1981-05-29 1983-02-08 Engelhard Corporation Asbestos-free friction material incorporating attapulgite clay
NL193609C (nl) * 1981-12-30 2000-04-04 Bekaert Sa Nv Samengestelde streng voor verwerking als granulaat in kunststofproducten en werkwijze voor het vervaardigen van een kunststofmenggranulaat.
FR2521240B1 (fr) * 1982-02-05 1987-03-27 Valeo Garniture de friction notamment pour freins, embrayages et autres applications
US4474905A (en) * 1982-09-30 1984-10-02 General Technology Applications, Inc. Freeze blending of reactive liquids and solids
US4659758A (en) * 1983-10-14 1987-04-21 Rogers Corporation Heat stable phenolic composition
FR2553424B1 (fr) * 1983-10-14 1993-05-07 Rogers Corp Composition phenolique stable a la chaleur
GB8405645D0 (en) * 1984-03-03 1984-04-04 Ferodo Ltd Friction materials
US4775705A (en) * 1984-10-20 1988-10-04 T&N Plc Friction materials and their manufacture
GB8426601D0 (en) * 1984-10-20 1984-11-28 Nuturn Corp Friction materials
JPS61115987A (ja) * 1984-11-12 1986-06-03 Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd スチ−ルフアイバ−を用いた摩擦材
US4722950A (en) * 1986-07-07 1988-02-02 Allied Corporation Friction material
GB8806600D0 (en) * 1988-03-19 1988-04-20 Lucas Ind Plc Friction materials
JPH02146327A (ja) * 1988-11-29 1990-06-05 Akebono Brake Res & Dev Center Ltd 摩擦材
US5268398A (en) * 1989-09-01 1993-12-07 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. Friction material and method of manufacturing such material
CA2024478C (en) * 1989-09-01 1997-05-20 Mitsuhiko Nakagawa Friction material and method of manufacturing such material
GB9020070D0 (en) * 1990-09-14 1990-10-24 Ferodo Ltd Improvements in or relating to brake pads
JP2813060B2 (ja) * 1990-11-28 1998-10-22 株式会社曙ブレーキ中央技術研究所 ノンアスベスト摩擦材
JPH055091A (ja) * 1991-02-08 1993-01-14 Akebono Brake Res & Dev Center Ltd 摩擦材
AT411765B (de) * 1991-03-20 2004-05-25 Hoerbiger & Co Durch sintern hergestelltes reibmaterial
DE4119515C1 (it) * 1991-06-13 1992-12-10 Textar Gmbh, 5090 Leverkusen, De
GB9123009D0 (en) * 1991-10-30 1991-12-18 Ferodo Ltd Improvements in or relating to brake pads
GB2268502B (en) * 1992-07-03 1995-11-01 Ferodo Ltd Improved friction materials
JP3421364B2 (ja) * 1992-07-14 2003-06-30 曙ブレーキ工業株式会社 摩擦材
US5622785A (en) * 1994-01-31 1997-04-22 Performance Friction Corporation Coating for a brake pad, a method of reducing brake pad noise, and a brake pad
JP2002226834A (ja) * 2001-01-30 2002-08-14 Nisshinbo Ind Inc 非石綿系摩擦材
GB2517951A (en) 2013-09-05 2015-03-11 Imp Innovations Ltd A substrate and a method of manufacturing a substrate

Family Cites Families (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3007890A (en) * 1959-05-07 1961-11-07 Chrysler Corp Friction elements and method of making the same
FR1363324A (fr) 1963-04-30 1964-06-12 Garnitures de frein comportant une résine phénolique améliorée et son procédé de fabrication
US3355272A (en) * 1964-11-24 1967-11-28 Union Carbide Corp Abrasive compositions and structures thereof comprising a thermosetting resin and a thermoplastic polyarylene polyether
FR1575746A (it) 1968-04-26 1969-07-25
DE1780271A1 (de) * 1968-08-23 1971-12-30 Jurid Werke Gmbh Bremsklotz fuer Fahrzeug-Teilbelagscheibenbremsen
CA928227A (en) 1969-02-14 1973-06-12 R. Johnson Howard Friction lining composition
CA998792A (en) 1972-01-31 1976-10-19 Francis W. Aldrich Carbon and metal or metal oxide friction compositions
US4051097A (en) * 1972-01-31 1977-09-27 The Bendix Corporation Carbon metallic friction composition
US3956545A (en) * 1972-05-10 1976-05-11 Johns-Manville Corporation Glass fiber friction element
GB1445975A (en) 1972-08-30 1976-08-11 Ici Ltd Friction material
US3835118A (en) * 1973-05-14 1974-09-10 Bendix Corp Sponge iron friction material
US3967037A (en) * 1974-04-12 1976-06-29 Owens-Corning Fiberglas Corporation Friction material for brake linings and the like
DE2535527B2 (de) 1975-08-08 1978-03-09 Jurid Werke Gmbh, 2056 Glinde Reibbelag, insbesondere für Trommelbremsen in Nutzfahrzeugen
DE2535526B2 (de) 1975-08-08 1978-03-09 Jurid Werke Gmbh, 2056 Glinde Reibbelag, insbesondere für hochbeanspruchte PKW- und LKW-Kupplungs- und/odei Trommel- und Scheibenbremsen
DE2539847B2 (de) 1975-09-08 1977-12-22 Jurid Werke Gmbh, 2056 Glinde Reibbelag, insbesondere bremsbelag fuer schienenfahrzeuge
US4125496A (en) * 1977-01-28 1978-11-14 Raybestos-Manhattan, Inc. Friction material
US4119591A (en) * 1977-07-05 1978-10-10 The Bendix Corporation Friction material reinforced with steel and cellulose fibers

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IN148770B (it) 1981-06-06
GB1604839A (en) 1981-12-16
ZA784379B (en) 1979-07-25
DE2860901D1 (en) 1981-11-05
SU837328A3 (ru) 1981-06-07
JPS5434349A (en) 1979-03-13
AU3875478A (en) 1980-02-14
CS216919B2 (en) 1982-12-31
EP0000839A1 (en) 1979-02-21
BR7805104A (pt) 1979-04-24
US4273699A (en) 1981-06-16
DD138076A5 (de) 1979-10-10
IT1156900B (it) 1987-02-04
US4310452A (en) 1982-01-12
IT7850665A0 (it) 1978-08-09

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