EA016409B1 - Method for decorating surfaces of buildings or structures (embodiments) - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention is aimed at providing possible forming mainly a three-dimensional a decorative relief and/or recesses for attaching separate or decorative inserts forming a uniform artistic solution with a high accuracy by using a mobile device at horizontal, vertical or inclined flat surfaces and also at surfaces having convex surfaces or extended concave surfaces with a big curvature radius. A method comprises setting a mobile three-dimensional programmed milling module by an axial movement direction of a mill perpendicular to a flat decorable coating or a surface parallel to a tangent of curved decorable coating adapted to possible stationary spatial module position, cutting the mill in the material and subsequent milling the surface by the assigned program. According to the first embodiment there formed at least one recess for attaching a decorative insert and subsequent inserting in the milled recess a flat decorative insert and fixing thereof by an appropriate agent. The second inventive embodiment provides milling forming only a decorative relief, wherein the third inventive embodiment provides both forming a relief and a recess for an insert. The milling module comprises a frame (1), a beam 4, a carriage 7 and a milling head 8. The frame 1 is shaped as rectangular parallelogram, the main 2 and additional 3 electric linear servomotors are mounted in two parallel opposite sides thereof. The beam 4 is mounted on the frame 1 adapted to reciprocating motion, the beam ends are connected to driving elements 5 and 6 of servomotors 2 and 3 and also has a similar servomotor with a movable element, carriage 7 is connected therewith, the carriage 7 is mounted on the beam 4 adapted to the reciprocating motion n along the beam 4. The carriage 7 has a similar servomotor which is connected by a moving element with milling head mounted on the carriage t adapted to reciprocating motion in the direction perpendicular to frame 1 plane 8. Milling head 8 comprises a spindle 9 adapted to rotate from an electric motor with elements for fixing a mill 10. Suction caps are fixed pivotally aside the frame.

Description

The invention relates to the field of construction, and specifically to a method of decorating the surface of a building or structure, which is implemented using a mobile three-coordinate software milling module and can be used to decorate newly constructed or constructed earlier surfaces of the floor, walls, ceiling of buildings or structures by performing three-dimensional ( 3I) decorative relief and / or due to the performance of one or a set of recesses for the installation of decorative inserts or any decorating elements, Moreover, decorative inserts can also be made using a mobile three-coordinate software milling module.

A known method of manufacturing art parquet, which allows to form an artistic pattern made from many parquet blocks with a general composition, artistic parquet panel, which can occupy an area from one to tens of square meters. Artistic design can occupy the entire floor covering area or be an artistic fragment in one or several parts of the floor covering. This solution provides for the preliminary manufacture of rectangular parquet blocks from the glued blanks that form an artistic image. Manufactured parquet blocks are laid on the base prepared for laying parquet, with the arrangement of the parquet blocks in accordance with the artistic image. Parquet block blanks are manufactured on a milling machine with numerical program control, which ensures high precision in the manufacture of blanks for the subsequent assembly of the parquet block pattern (ЕА 011437 В1, МПК Е04Е 15/04, 27.02.2009).

Walls can be decorated in a similar way, but this well-known solution does not provide for the possibility of decorating an existing floor or wall surface or flow coating. To solve the problem of obtaining a decorated floor covering or other surfaces, only complete dismantling of the previous covering and laying a new one with decorative elements is possible.

It is known to manufacture on a stationary milling device with numerical programmed control of plates with a profile, forming a bas-relief surface, from which then decorative relief finishing of the walls of a building or structure, and possibly a floor or ceiling, is formed by traditional methods of laying plates (SI 101254729 A, IPC В44С 3/06 ( 2006.01), 2008).

A method of decorating a flat floor covering developed by the author of the present invention is known, which involves installing a software-coordinate device for milling a recess for a decorative insert in a floor covering on a floor covering in a decoration area. Then, the recess is directly sampled according to the shape of the decorative insert to a depth not exceeding its thickness. After this, installation into the recess without gaps of the decorative insert (or a set of the mating elements of the decorative insert) is carried out with fixing with a fixing composition (ЕА 013036 В1, МПК В44В 1/26 (2006.01), February 26, 2010).

Software-coordinate device for milling recesses contains mounted on pneumatic supports in the form of suction cups, serving for mounting the device to the floor covering in the milling zone frame with cross member mounted on the frame with the possibility of reciprocating movement using a linear electric servomotor, as well as a milling module, mounted on the crossmember with the possibility of reciprocating movement along the cross member by means of the second precision drive reciprocating th action. The milling module of the known device contains a spindle mounted for rotation with adjustable speed and reciprocating movement. At the end of the spindle are elements for mounting the cutter.

This known method provides the possibility of decorating artistic elements of a previously formed homogeneous flat floor covering made of wood or stone. In addition, the known device also allows you to get embossed flooring, including a specific individual pattern, as well as to produce on the job site decorative inserts.

However, the known method is intended only for work on horizontal surfaces, and the software-coordinate device used to implement this method is installed on suction cups, which does not allow to specify the exact vertical position, which excludes the possibility of obtaining a complex three-dimensional artistic bas-relief.

The objective of the invention is the possibility of forming with high precision when using a mobile device on horizontal, vertical or inclined flat surfaces, as well as on surfaces having convex surfaces or extended concave surfaces of a large radius of curvature, three-dimensional, mainly decorative relief and / or depressions for fixing individual or forming a single artistic solution of sets of decorative inserts.

This problem is solved by implementing the present invention in accordance with the three options. Common to all three variants of the operation method of decorating the surface of a building or structure include installing a mobile three-coordinate software milling module with an axial direction of movement of the milling cutter perpendicular to the flat decorated coating or plane parallel to

- 1 016409 tangent to curvilinear decorated coating, with the possibility of a fixed spatial position of the mobile three-coordinate software milling module relative to the decorated surface and the introduction of the cutter into the material forming the decorated surface;

subsequent milling of the surface to be decorated according to a predetermined program.

The invention in the first embodiment provides for the milling of the surface to be decorated with the formation of at least one recess for fixing the decorative insert and the subsequent installation of the flat decorative insert into the obtained recess with its fixing by the fixing composition.

This decorative insert can be made in the form of one or more mating blanks, and the decorative insert can be made of a horizontally arranged sheet material using the same mobile three-coordinate software milling module, which is set by the axis of the cutter perpendicular to the sheet material.

The invention in the second embodiment provides for milling the surface to be decorated with the formation of a decorative relief.

The invention in the third embodiment provides for milling the decorated surface with the formation of a decorative relief and at least one dimple for fixing the decorative insert, as well as, as in the first embodiment, installing a flat decorative insert into the resulting deepening with a fixing composition. In this embodiment, the decorative insert can be made in the same way as indicated for the first option.

When implementing the invention uses a mobile three-coordinate software milling module, the volumetric view of which is shown in the drawing.

The frame 1 of the module has the shape of a rectangular parallelogram, along two parallel opposite sides of which the main 2 and additional 3 (first and second) electric linear servo motors are mounted.

The frame 1 is mounted with the possibility of reciprocating movement of the beam 4, the ends of which are connected to the drive elements 5 and 6, respectively, the main 2 and an additional 3 electric linear servo motors.

Beam 4 also has an electric linear servomotor with a movable element, with which the carriage 7 is connected, mounted on the beam 4 with the possibility of reciprocating movement along the beam 4.

The carriage 7 is made with a reciprocating electric linear servomotor, with a movable element which is associated milling head 8 mounted on the carriage 7 with the possibility of reciprocating movement in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the frame 1.

The milling head 8 is made with a spindle installed with the possibility of rotation from the electric motor 9 (is not visible in the drawing) with elements for fastening the milling cutter 10.

A sucker 11 is fixed on the side of frame 1 for fixing the position of frame 1 relative to the surface being decorated. On the frame 1 can be fixed a greater number of suckers 11, which is determined based on the load on the frame 1 during processing. In the case of processing wooden flooring to a small depth sucker 11 may not be installed. The suction cups are attached to the frame with hinges 12, mainly axial.

For processing vertical and inclined surfaces, ceiling surfaces, the module can be attached to frame 1 on the frame (not shown). The implementation of the frame does not represent any constructive complexity. The frame may be made of acceptable steel profiles or pipes. The main requirement for the frame is to fix the frame in the desired position. The frame structure may include adjusting the position of the frame 1. The frame may be light, given the fact that when machining vertical or inclined surfaces, as well as ceiling surfaces, suckers 11 may be additionally used.

Electric linear servomotors are connected to the cable management unit (blocks) (not shown in the drawing), which are passed through an annular element in the form of a frame 13 mounted on corner posts 14, which prevents their entanglement and the possibility of insulation failure due to interaction with the mobile parts of the three-coordinate software. milling module.

In the above example of a mobile three-coordinate software milling module, electric linear servo motors are used, i.e. servomotors with a movable element, which is equivalent to the rotor of a classical rotation electric motor, which can be reciprocally moved relative to a guide, which is equivalent to the stator of a classical rotation electric motor.

However, the invention provides that the full or partial use of reciprocating electric linear drives of other structures is possible (in the drawing, this option is not illustrated). These can be electric linear drives, built using lead screws coupled with running nuts, driven by electric servo motors.

- 2 016409

In such embodiments, the operation of the mobile three-coordinate software milling module is not significantly different. When using two electric linear servomotors on the frame, their work can be easily synchronized through the control system. When using electric linear drives built using lead screws, it is preferable to use only one reciprocating drive on the frame, since two such drives will require assembly synchronization. In this case, the end of the beam 4, which is not connected with the moving element of the electric linear drive, may be mated to frame 1 using a ball or other linear dynamic support.

The operation of the mobile three-coordinate software milling module seems obvious. The cutter 10 moves within frame 1 in three directions, providing milling of a given surface relief. The module is controlled using numerical program control. When expanding the treated area, the module moves to the processing area of the adjacent area or to work elsewhere, which actually depends on the artistic intent of decorating the surface. Suction cups 11 provide fixation of the frame 1 with continuous in the process of processing the pumping of air from the internal cavity of the sucker 11.

To implement the method according to the invention, the above-described mobile three-coordinate software milling module is installed by the axial direction of movement of the cutter perpendicular to the flat decorated floor or plane parallel to the tangential curvilinear decorated floor, with the possibility of a fixed spatial position of the mobile three-coordinate software milling module relative to the decorated surface and embedding the cutter into the material. decorated surface.

Then, milling of the surface to be decorated is carried out according to a predetermined program with the formation of either at least one dimple for fixing a decorative insert, or only a decorative relief, or a decorative relief and at least one deepening for fixing a decorative insert.

Three-dimensional relief can be formed on the finished and not finished surfaces of walls and floors. Wood, wood-based materials, artificial stone, limestone, marble, brick, lightweight concrete and other materials suitable for machining can be processed. The obtained relief surface can then be applied with a protective coating, for example, a lacquer or other material acceptable for the surface material.

For finishing with the use of a decorative insert, a recess is selected in its shape to a depth not exceeding the required thickness of the embedment insert. After that, installation into the recess without gaps of the decorative insert (or a set of the mating elements of the decorative insert) with its fixing composition is carried out. After curing the fixing composition, if necessary, grinding and subsequent finishing are carried out.

The most various decorative inserts, various thickness, from various material, with an external relief can be used. Decorative inserts can be made of valuable or solid wood, from natural or artificial stone, from polymeric materials, from glass, from metal. The list is not limited to the listed materials. For decorative decoration virtually any material can be used. The only exception is the flooring, since in this case the requirements for material resistance to deformation and abrasion should be made.

For fixing the decorative inserts, suitable for the material inserts and the base material can be used. For wood, it is advisable to use waterless adhesives. For natural or artificial stone, ceramics, cement mortar and cement based composition can be used. When finishing wooden surfaces with decorative inserts made of stone or ceramics, it is advisable to use polymer adhesives. There are no special requirements for fixing decorative inserts; you can use any known fixative composition suitable for gluing the materials of the decorative insert and the material from which the decorated surface is formed.

As noted above, the decorative insert can be made in the form of one or more mating blanks also using the above-described mobile three-coordinate software milling module. In this case, the decorative insert is made of horizontally arranged sheet material. The mobile three-coordinate software milling module is installed with the cutter axis perpendicular to the sheet material. Accordingly, the position of the module can be fixed directly on the sheet material, which is also fixed. Either a blank from sheet material and a mobile three-coordinate software milling module on a common basis are fixed. Next is milling with the formation of one or more decorative inserts, and the surface of the insert can also be made in relief. If a set of mating elements of a decorative insert is made, then milling is carried out almost to the full depth of the sheet material of the workpiece. Leave a small thickness in the range of 0.2-0.5 mm. In this case, milled edged elements are easily separated.

- 3 016409 manually, and broken off rough edges are cleaned.

Instead of decorative inserts, decorative lights of any unusual shape, devices that perform some functions, such as barometers, thermometers, miniature safes for cash, frames for paintings, photographs, shelves for art products, etc. can be inserted into the recesses.

Claims (5)

CLAIM 1. A method of decorating the surface of a building or structure in which a mobile three-coordinate software milling module is installed by an axial direction of movement of the milling cutter perpendicular to the flat decorated floor or a plane parallel to the tangential curvilinear decorated floor, with the possibility of a fixed spatial position of the mobile three-coordinate software milling module relative to the decorated surface and the introduction of a curved linear surface relative to the decorated surface and the introduction of a curved linear surface relative to the decorated surface in the material forming the decorated surface, fra decorate the surface to be decorated according to a predetermined program with the formation of at least one recess to secure the decorative insert and install a flat decorative insert with its fixing composition into the resulting recess, using a mobile three-coordinate software milling module containing a frame in the form of a rectangular parallelogram, parallel opposite sides of which are mounted the main and additional electric linear servomotors, ba The unit has a longitudinally mounted electric linear servomotor with a movable element, which is installed on the frame with the possibility of reciprocating movement and is connected by ends with driving elements of the main and additional electric linear servomotors of the frame, a carriage with a reciprocating electric linear servomotor with a movable element, which is mounted on beam with the possibility of reciprocating movement and is connected with a moving element of an electric linear serv motor beams, a milling head made with a spindle mounted for rotation from an electric motor with elements for fastening a milling cutter mounted on a carriage with the possibility of reciprocating movement in a direction perpendicular to the frame plane and connected with a movable element of an electric linear servomotor of the carriage, moreover on the side One or more suction cups are hinged on the frame to fix the position of the frame relative to the surface being decorated. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that they make a decorative insert in the form of one or more mating blanks. 3. A method of decorating the surface of a building or structure in which a mobile three-coordinate software milling module is installed with an axial direction of movement of the milling cutter perpendicular to the flat decorated floor or a plane parallel to the tangential curvilinear decorated floor, with the possibility of a fixed spatial position of the mobile three-coordinate software milling module relative to the decorated surface and the introduction of a curved linear surface relative to the decorated surface and the introduction of the curved linear surface relative to the decorated surface in the material forming the decorated surface, fra decorate the surface to be decorated according to a predetermined program with the formation of a decorative relief, using a mobile three-coordinate software milling module containing a frame in the form of a rectangular parallelogram, the main and additional electric linear servo motors mounted on two parallel opposite sides, a beam with an electrically mounted longitudinal electric linear servo motor mounted movable element, which is installed on the frame with the possibility of reciprocating of the main and additional electric linear servomotors of the frame, a carriage with a reciprocating electric linear servomotor with a moving element, which is mounted on the beam with the possibility of reciprocating movement and connected with the movable element of the electric linear servomotor of the beam, milling head , made with installed with the possibility of rotation from the electric motor spindle with elements for mounting the cutter, which It is mounted on the carriage with the possibility of reciprocating movement in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the frame and connected with the movable element of the electric linear servomotor of the carriage, with one or more suction cups hinged on the frame relative to the decorated surface to be decorated on the side of the frame. - 4 016409 4. A method of decorating the surface of a building or structure in which a mobile three-coordinate software milling module is installed with an axial direction of movement of the milling cutter perpendicular to the flat decorated coating or a plane parallel to the tangential curvilinear decorated coating, with the possibility of a fixed spatial position of the mobile three-coordinate software milling module relative to the decorated surface and the insertion of the milling module relative to the decorated surface and the insertion of the three-coordinate mobile milling module relative to the decorated surface and the insertion of a three-coordinate mobile milling module relative to the decorated surface and the insertion in the material forming the decorated surface, fra decorate the surface to be decorated according to a predetermined program with the formation of a decorative relief and at least one dimple for fixing the decorative insert, install a flat decorative insert with its fixing composition in the resulting dimple, using a mobile three-coordinate software milling module containing a frame in the shape of a rectangular parallelogram , on two parallel opposite sides of which the main and additional electric lines are mounted linear servomotors, a beam with a longitudinally mounted electric linear servomotor with a movable element, which is mounted on a frame with the possibility of reciprocating movement and connected by ends with the drive elements of the main and additional electric linear servomotors of the frame, a carriage with a reciprocating electric linear servomotor with a movable element, which is installed on the beam with the possibility of reciprocating movement and is connected with the movable element electric a linear linear servomotor of the beam, a milling head made with a spindle mounted rotatably from the electric motor with elements for fastening the milling cutter mounted on the carriage with the possibility of reciprocating movement in the direction perpendicular to the frame plane and connected to the movable element of the electric linear servomotor of the carriage, moreover, on the side of the frame one or more suction cups are hinged to fix the position of the frame relative to the surface being decorated awes 5. The method according to p. 4, characterized in that they make a decorative insert in the form of one or more mating blanks.