DK167748B1 - Magnetic power system for low-friction transport of loads - Google Patents

Abstract

A magnetic power system for transporting charges without friction includes at least one magnet (1) secured to the charge (7) and cooperating with a ferromagnetic profiled carrier (2). It is essential that the magnets (1) be so arranged relative to the profiled carrier (2) that the pole faces of a magnet (1) cooperate with at least one vertical wall of the profiled carrier and be essentially parallel to this wall. A particularly good implementation is obtained when magnets are so arranged on both sides of a profiled wall (2) that relative to the wall their poles having the same polarity face each other (principle of repulsion). Seen in their longitudinal direction, the magnets are arranged in pairs and each pair is short-circuited by a ferromagnetic plate (4).

Description

in DK 167748 B1

The invention relates to a magnetic system for low friction transport of loads according to the preamble of claim 1.

Known magnetic force systems, also called floating systems, move in a virtually friction-free manner over support rails with a special separation gap from the rails. These systems are usually expensive and complicated, so it is a matter of whether they are profitable.

10 VDI-News No. 1 of January 3, 1986 describes the magnetic railway "Transrapid 06" from Emden. It is clear that a great deal of technical effort is needed to carry the vehicle at a height of 1 cm. Unfortunately, the energy consumption needed to keep the 120 15-ton heavy vehicle floating is not indicated. This corresponds to a weight of 120,000 kg with a load of 196 persons, which is 612 kg per kg. person, where each person is put at 80 kg. To this must be added the cost of the practical use and the still unresolved problems of snow and ice.

Significant difficulties are experienced at the well-known Japanese hovercraft. Some of these must be wheeled until a speed of 200 km / h is reached, at which point the gliding begins.

25 The so-called "Berlin Magnetic Railway" described in DE-A-24 26 053 operates in a similar manner. The difference here lies in the fact that the guide rollers are directed over the magnetic field.

French patent application FR-A-22 28 650 discloses a magnetic transport system in which the magnets, especially permanent magnets, are arranged relative to ferromagnetic profiles.

In this connection, the magnets according to a first embodiment are disposed between two substantially aqueous profile walls, seen in the direction of transport alternating pole direction and mutually having an air gap.

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Hereby a substantially horizontal force-line direction is obtained between two successive magnets. According to another embodiment, a single carrier profile wall is arranged on both sides of opposite magnetic pairs with 5 alternating pole directions, whereby a single horizontal linear guide passing through the profile wall occurs horizontally.

This results in a relatively small load capacity. The total load is many times utility-10 stone.

DE-A-33 47 635 discloses a magnetic force system which is provided on both sides of a vertical carrier profile wall and on the inside of a ferromagnetic upwardly open U-profile branches enclosing the carrier profile wall, outgoing magnetic strips are arranged in the transport direction. vertically over each other in such a way that they are seen vertically alternating in the direction of the pole. At the same time, the poles facing each other in relation to the U-profile are of opposite polarity. Here, too, the generation of vortex currents during the transport movement is avoided by the vertical power line routing, but here also only a relatively low load carrying capacity is achieved. Furthermore, the construction used is very expensive since many magnets must be used to lift a given load.

DE-A-21 46 143 also discloses an electromagnetic carrier and guide system having at least one electromagnet having a substantially U-shaped core profile to which the load is attached and a U-shaped carrier profile of magnetic soft material attached to a site-fixed carrier, -30 ket profile branches or profile walls are oriented vertically. The power line circuit is substantially vertically connected via the two substantially opposite U-profiles. The system is relatively expensive due to the use of electromagnets. However, this system uses control systems with regulated electromagnets as a side guide, making the system design relatively complex.

DK 167748 B1 3

Finally, from US-A-4,324,185 (VINSON) a transport system is known which corresponds to the preamble of claim 1 and wherein permanent magnets are arranged one after the other in the driving direction with alternating poles on which the load 5 hangs. At both poles of the permanent magnets, rails are made of ferromagnetic iron plate packages which form substantially vertical walls parallel to each other and the magnetic poles. The magnets are arranged in the driving direction with mutual air gap and with alternating pole direction, so that there is always a substantially horizontal magnetic line flux between two successive magnets. The relative retention of the air gap between carrier profiles and magnets is realized by means of corresponding guide rollers. Electromagnetic coils are included in the 15 laminated support profiles along the entire travel section, which, at the appropriate external control together with the permanently polished permanent magnets, alternately polished permanently, at the same time ensures the propulsion and partly also the floating. By the iron plate-like design of the support profiles and the coils built into these, the efficiency is reduced relatively sharply. The structure especially of the carrier profiles is very complex and costly, especially since the entire mileage length 25 must be made of iron plate packages with coils in between.

It is the object of the invention to provide a magnetic power system of the kind described previously which is simple and simple to build and which provides a reliable function with minimal energy consumption.

These objectives are achieved by means of a magnetic force system which according to the invention has the characteristics specified in claim 1.

Accordingly, the carrier profile is a downwardly open U-profile of ferromagnetic material whose 35 branches form mutually parallel vertical profile walls, with at least one magnet disposed between 4

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thus, the profile walls within the profile, with the poles oriented across the transport direction.

Thus, the placement of at least one internal magnet is sufficient. The magnetic lines are fed via the upwardly closed U-profile, thereby obtaining a vertical course of the power lines. This gives the advantage that eddy currents occur only on a much reduced, virtually imperceptible scale in the support system. This is another constructive very simple solution, which at the same time is very useful. Of course, the efficiency increases when several magnets with the same pole direction are placed one after the other in the transport or travel direction.

According to a further development of the inventive idea, the sustainability of the system can be substantially increased when at least one outer magnet / magnetic pair is placed on the outside of each of the two profile walls, magnetic faces for the internal and external magnets facing the vertical wall always facing each other. facing the same pole towards each other. In addition, it is an advantage if the outer magnetic poles of the two outer magnets are connected to each other via an upwardly open U-profile. Consequently, the outer magnets are attached to the inner side of the branches of the short-circuit U profile. At the same time, the at least one internal magnet is shielded from the short-circuit U profile by means of an insulating plate, and at the same time secured to it. In this way, the magnetic power lines will run vertically. This gives the aforementioned advantage that eddy currents can only occur on a much reduced scale in the carrier system.

By providing multiple adjacent profiles having multiple parallel profile walls with similarly arranged magnets, a significant increase in payload can be achieved.

The magnetic power system of the invention allows installations having different constructions.

DK 167748 B1 5 'For example. For example, the load carried by the system can be placed over the profile / magnet combination. This allows what one might call a standing arrangement.

The operation of the vehicle can be provided in various ways, e.g. by means of drive rollers in contact with the support rails or by means of a linear motor.

However, the load carried by the system can also be placed under the profile / magnet arrangement. This 10 can be called a suspended arrangement. This suspended arrangement can be conceived in a variety of variations because the ferromagnetic support profile and also the drive element in this case are provided below the support system, which may be a concrete support. In this way, sensitivity to bad weather, especially in winter, can be reduced.

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing, in which Figures 1-8 show several embodiments and arrangements of the carrier profiles and magnets used in the magnetic power system according to the invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment with a u-shaped support profile and magnets arranged between the vertical walls / branches of the profile in unloaded condition; FIG. 2 shows the embodiment of FIG. 1 is loaded under the load with the magnet displaced vertically below the profile; FIG. 3 shows another embodiment with a U-shaped support profile and magnets arranged between the branches and outside the branches, and with an upwardly open U-profile for closing the outer magnet circuit; FIG. 4 in a horizontal section along the line IV-IV in FIG. 1 shows the arrangement of guide rollers for the magnets relative to the profile branches; FIG. 5-8 show possible designs of systems using concrete supports, wherein: FIG. 5 shows a first arrangement with the load placed under the profile / magnet combination, suspended position, DK 1b // 48 B1 6 fig. 6 shows an arrangement with the load on the profile / magnet combination, standing position; FIG. 7 is a side view of a system using a suspended load, the load being a vehicle for passenger transport; and FIG. 8 shows the embodiment of FIG. 7 is a front view.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 and 2 there is provided a U-shaped groove made of ferromagnetic material as support profile 2. Between the two vertical branches of the downwardly open profile 2, a magnet 1 is arranged such that the two pole faces are placed abuttingly close. up to the side walls and is substantially parallel to these. Hereby, the magnetic force lines 15 from one pole can pass through the nearest vertical support profile side wall, the body of the profile and the other vertical support profile side wall and thus into the second pole of the magnet 1. The magnetic power lines thus have an optimal vertical course.

2o FIG. 2 shows the situation which in the arrangement according to FIG. 1 occurs at a large load. The longer the magnet is pulled down due to the weight attached to it, the greater the force acting on it is the suspension force. Under load, the 25 magnet is pulled out of the profile to the point where the force of attraction is in equilibrium with the load. Accordingly, no external control is required to adjust the vertical position of the magnets.

The FIG. 3 shows an increased force version in which the carrier profile 2 is a downwardly open U-profile. Relative to its two sidewalls or branches, external and internal magnets 1 are provided, both between and outside thereof, which are substantially opposite to each other relative to the profile surfaces. The pole faces opposite to the profile walls are always aligned (N-N; DK 167748 B1 7 S-S). In this connection, the external magnets 1 are connected via an upwardly open U-profile 2. The internal magnets 1 are arranged by means of an insulating plate 8 at a distance from the short-circuit profile 4. By placing the opposing magnets in the same direction, the power lines , which repel each other, a corresponding course through the magnetic carrier walls 2 or short circuit profile 4. There are in practice two magnetic line circuits. The first one runs from the inner magnet 110 through the inner carrier U-profile 2, as in the example of FIG. 1. The second runs through the short-circuit profile 4, the outer magnets and the inner carrier profile 2.

In FIG. 4, the position of the magnets 1 is seen relative to the side walls of the carrier profile 2. Conductor rollers 15 are arranged so that the magnets remain exactly in the middle between the walls, even around the curves.

FIG. 5 shows a possible use of the system 1, 2 in the suspended arrangement. The carrier profile 2 is fixed to the underside of a concrete carrier 6, while the magnets 1, which cooperate with the profile 2, are provided over the load 7 which hangs below, for example it can be a transport vessel. Additional guide rollers 3 are provided on the cargo or vessel 7 at its upper side, the rollers being operatively associated with intermediate rail rails. The propulsion comes with a linear motor 5 located in the middle.

FIG. 6 shows a standing arrangement of the load 7 with respect to the system 1, 2. The support profiles 2 are again placed on the underside of the concrete support, or on the side arms of the concrete support 6. The load or vessel 7 is placed over the support 6 and engages under the side arms of the concrete support 6. The magnets 1 are arranged to cooperate with the carriers 2. The concrete carrier 6 has at its center a guide track with a guide roller not shown and the linear motor 5 for movement.

Claims (11)

A magnetic force system for low friction transport of loads, comprising at least one ferromagnetic carrier profile (2), attached to a site-fixed carrier, and having at least one vertically oriented profile wall extending parallel to the direction of transport, at least one permanent magnet (1) arranged at the profile wall and substantially parallel thereto, whose poles are oriented transversely of the conveying direction, each having a substantially constant air gap between the magnets and the carrier profile, the loads being connected to the magnets, and 20 mechanical means (3) for retain the air slots, characterized in that the carrier profile (2) is a downwardly open U-profile (2) whose two branches form parallel vertical profile walls and that at least one magnet (1) is arranged between the two profile walls (2) ). System according to claim 1, characterized in that a magnet (1) is arranged between the two profile walls (2). System according to claim 1, characterized in that at least 2 magnets having the same pole direction are arranged in succession in the longitudinal or transport direction between the two profile walls (2). System according to claim 3, characterized in that the magnets are arranged with the poles in the same direction and seen in the direction of transport without air gap between successive magnets (1). DK 167748 B1 System according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one magnet (1) is arranged between the two vertical profile walls internally in the u-profile (2) and at least one magnet (1) is arranged at each of the outer sides of the profile walls (1). ), with magnetic surfaces of the same polarity facing each other relative to the vertical walls. System according to claim 5, characterized in that the outer magnets (1) are connected in a circular manner via an upwardly open U-profile (4) and the inner magnet (1) is shielded from this U-profile (4). by means of an insulation plate (8). System according to the preceding claims, characterized in that, in order to increase the load capacity, several profiles (2) are arranged side by side with corresponding associated magnets (1). System according to claim 1, characterized in that the load (7) to be transported by means of the system (1,2) is arranged over the profile / magnet system. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the load (7) to be transported by the system (1,2) is arranged under the profile / magnet system. System according to claim 1, characterized in that a linear motor (5) is arranged for transport in the system (1,2). System according to claim 1, characterized in that for driving in the system (1,2) 30 drive rollers are arranged which cooperate with the profile. *