DK167577B1 - MACHINE FOR PAINTING FRAMEWORK, PROCEDURE FOR TRANSPORTING AND ESTABLISHING MACHINE FOR PAULING FRAMEWORK AND PROCEDURE FOR ESTABLISHING A FOUNDATION - Google Patents

Abstract

A machine for pile-driving comprises a driving chassis (3) with wheels (5,6) for moving on railway or road, and an upper part (4) pivotally mounted about a vertical swivel axis (13) on the driving chassis. A mast (15) with slide guide (17) for a hammer mechanism (16) is connected to the upper part. The mast may be erected to substantially vertical position for the purpose of pile-driving and may be lowered into substantially horizontal position for the purpose of transport. According to the invention the mast is connected to the upper part by a telescopically extensible and contractible boom having a base part (28) being connected to the upper part of the machine by means of a hinge with a hinge axis (44) perpendicularly to the swivel axis of the upper part, and a telescopically extensible part (29) connected to the base part, said mast being mounted to said part (29) by a hinge having its axis (49) substantially parallel to the hinge axis of the base part. It is hereby achieved that the mast may be erected while the vehicle is standing on a track above which an electric overhead traction wire is mounted. The invention also relates to a method for transport and erection of such a machine and a method for placing of foundations next to a railway track.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a pile-hitting machine, which is transported on rails and can lower piles from a position on the rails. The invention also relates to a method for transporting and setting up such a machine and to a method for establishing a foundation by a track.

A large number of foundations are used along various railway tracks for various equipment, which are placed close to the railway track. For purposes such as signal masts, masts for various electrical wiring and masts for carrying the driving wire at electrified tracks, foundations of considerable size are required due to the stringent requirements for the stability of the masts.

For example, foundations are used for masts for overhead lines up to 1.2 tonnes and up to 5.5 meters in length. Establishing such foundations represents a significant task, partly in new plants, but also in the renovation of existing 15 plants, such as replacing damaged foundations or replacing existing foundations with more stable foundation types, etc. The foundations often need to be established in places where the terrain slopes either up or down relative to the rails, and space may be severely limited. The work is further hampered by the need for rail traffic 20 to be maintained with as little delays as possible and for the safety of the crew. Methods developed for mechanized establishment of foundations elsewhere can rarely be used along the lanes due to the narrow space and difficult access conditions, and therefore traditional methods with a high content of manual work are used. They often involve casting the foundations on site, which is a very slow process which requires a lot of manpower and many different types of equipment on site and which can be difficult to perform to a satisfactory result in the event of non-optimal weather conditions.

30 For other applications, it is known to prefabricate concrete piles, which are then transported to the site and knocked down. This makes it possible to produce the concrete piles in good quality economically and under completely controlled conditions and indoors, so that production can be carried out very rationally. The piling of the piles on site can be mechanized to a high degree of 35 degrees and can be carried out relatively quickly using specially developed framing machines. Such a frame machine usually comprises a vehicle with a power source and a cab to which a mast is connected to the broker, ie. the sliding guide to the hammer mechanism also called the frame stroke. The mast has hoists for the hammer mechanism and for hoisting the pole. The mast must be of considerable length, with space for the entire pile above ground and above the pile for the frame mechanism, which in itself can have a height of, for example, 2 meters, and for hoists. Therefore, for poles with lengths of the order of 6 meters, masts of a length of the order of 10 meters must be used, and it is clear that transporting and setting up such a mast can be a difficult task. In practice, the mast must be transported in a horizontal position and must be raised at the frame location to a substantially vertical position, which often requires some mounting work.

A frame machine is known in which a horizontal projecting telescopic, slidable boom called the guide boom, on which the mast is hingedly mounted on a horizontal axis in such a way that it can be pivoted about this hinge between its horizontal transport position, is known. and its vertical working position, the mast being supported by two support stays which hold the mast in the area near the center and which are anchored to the top and rear of the vehicle's curved upper. Manual intervention is still required for the erection and removal of the mast, since the hoist and pile hoists are mounted on the machine so that the ropes 20 that go from the machine to the mast top must be fixed or detached manually during these operations. The mast is raised by hydraulic actuators and the frame stroke itself is hydraulically driven, with hydraulic power being transmitted through hoses from the machine to the mast and on to the frame mechanism.

25 The Atlas-Weyhausen company in Delmenhorst, West Germany, manufactures a machine that can run both on the road and on the track, and which can carry and work with a pile frame mechanism. This vehicle includes an undercarriage with rubber wheels for on-road driving as well as loosely raised and lower hydraulic rails so that the vehicle can be raised on these wheels 30 for on-road transport. The vehicle can be set for combined support on both rails and road wheels, so that the rails keep it on track while the road wheels' abutment against the rails enables the vehicle to transmit and utilize the normal propulsion power of the road wheels here. If the vehicle is to leave the track, this can be done by swinging the rails-35 wheels up and free of the rails, after which it can run alone on rubber wheels. The upper part of the vehicle, in which the engine and the cab is arranged, is mounted on the driving chassis so that it is pivotable about a vertical axis called the bend axis, which lies in the longitudinal center of the driving chassis.

The machine can be mounted with a broker and frame stroke for pole striking, the mast with the broker being then carried by a guide boom which can swing about a horizontal axis on the machine top and where the broker can swing relative to the guide boom about an axis parallel to the first axis. For transport, the broker is tilted back over the machine, and the guide bar is directed forward near the horizontal, but slightly inclined upwards. The mast can be raised by hydraulic actuators to the working position, where the guide boom is inclined upwards. When the broker is mounted, the mast can only be raised and lowered by pivot 10 of the guide boom, thereby altering the distance between the machine and the broker. Since the positioning height of the mast is usually determined because the mast is supported on the ground surface, it may be necessary to move the machine to hit a determined pile position. The hoist and pile hoists are located on the machine top and it is therefore necessary to fix the loops respectively for erection and dismounting, respectively.

In order to raise the mast, high clearance height is necessarily required over the machine, and installation will therefore in practice be excluded if there are overhead lines over the work site. In order to be able to carry out 20 transport and erection without unduly shifting the center of gravity, the guide boom with the chosen set-up geometry must be quite long, and the machine can therefore difficult to work with the guide boom in a horizontal position, since the center of gravity can reach too far out of the machine's supporting surface. , even when there are reduced support legs. If you think of a machine of this kind equipped with a mast of 10 m in length and used to work standing on the rails in a place where parallel running double grooves exist at the usual distance, there will be the problem that the mast can not be raised , when the machine is on one track without blocking also the neighboring track. The mast cannot be raised, while the machine upper is directed longitudinally along the track, since the undercarriage will be in the way of the downwardly swinging one end of the mast. Therefore, the mast cannot be swung upwards until the top of the machine is curved across the track. Since double tracks can be laid with a distance of down to 4.25 meters from rail center to rail center, a mast of 10 meters length will reach 35 to project over the neighboring track. Although the machine itself can drive off the track, this can only be done in practice if there is smooth and very firm ground to drive on, which cannot be expected in all places where piles of frame are desired.

LSIV 10/0 / / D I

4

The special geometry means that the machine cannot perform an appropriate adjustment function, which can otherwise be performed by certain pile-hitting machines, namely to move a pile to the side while it is being hit, so that one can adjust on a pile, which at the start of the ramp had to be able to stand slightly offset in relation to the desired position. This function must be considered necessary if piles are to be capable of being rammed in non-horizontal ground and with great accuracy. Therefore, this known machine is not considered practically useful for carrying piles from a position standing on the track.

10 It should be recalled here that a machine that has to knock down piles from a position standing on the track must be subject to particularly high demands for speed in work, including erection and dismounting of the mast, because the sport traffic must necessarily be set so long the machine works.

According to the invention there is provided a machine as defined in the preamble of claim 1, which is characterized by the feature of the characterizing part of claim 1.

By arranging the pile frame machine with the extra degree of freedom contained in the telescopic mechanism, it is achieved that the machine can be constructed so that the axes for the first and second hinges are more convenient, and preferably so that they are both at a relatively low height above ground level when the machine is positioned in the frame position. Hereby the requirements for ground clearance above the machine respectively. free space on the side of the machine which is opposite the frame position is smaller, and the machine will be better able to control the reaction forces that can occur if used to exert a horizontal force on a pile during ramming.

The pile frame machine has very good flexibility, as the mast setting time can be changed by tilting the boom about the axis of the machine upper, while the mast can be independently displaced towards or away from the bending axis by the boom extension. The mast can work in vertical positions or it can be inclined by tilting about the axis at the boom end, if desired. The machine is thus very well suited for making foundations even on sloping terrain which can occur, for example, when struck from a railway track which runs on a dam or which is recessed in relation to the surrounding terrain. Folding down the mast requires little space and especially limited height above the track, raising the boom just a little so that the mast foot is lifted off the ground. The mast is tilted about the hinge at the outer edge of the boom and as far back as the machine upper one provides space for the mast and boom together to be tilted about the hinge in the interior of the boom until the mast is in the approximately horizontal transport position. Furthermore, the double hinges and the possibility of extending the boom make it easy to change the mast's transport position so that the center of gravity can be placed as conveniently as possible.

The relatively limited ground clearance requirements during the recovery enable a pile frame machine with the capacity to handle and frame piles of considerable size to be fitted within the constraints that must be set when it is possible to feed and operate from a track over which there is arranged electric transmission line.

According to a suitable embodiment, the boom in the transport position is contracted and directed obliquely upwards from the anchorage hinge on the vehicle upper part. This ensures that the mast top is already moved towards the pitch axis at the start of the erection, so that the mast can be tilted up to an inclined position, where the height available above the track is maximally utilized and with the mast directed in the longitudinal direction of the track and without The ma step method comes in a carambol with the vehicle chassis. Provided that the mast is of suitable short length, it can then be curved from the longitudinal direction of the tracks to a direction transverse to the tracks, without the mast peak at the curvature swinging beyond the free space profile of a too-moving material to the side of the track, which is opposite to the intended pile-hitting position.

According to suitable embodiments, power-driven and controllable means for raising and folding the mast are provided. In this way it will be possible to carry out the installation and folding of the mast completely automatically from a control panel.

According to a convenient embodiment, the means for tilting the mast about the hinge at the end of the guide bar comprises a linear actuator acting between a point on the boom's extendable part and a point on the part of the mast which, in the vertical working position of the mast, lies below the tilting point of the mast. Such anchorage of the mast is very appropriate if the foundation is to be moved in order to correct its position during framing. Only the lower part of the mast must be able to withstand the rather large bending loads that can occur during this operation, while the upper 35 of the mast can be made more finely, bearing only lifting forces which act largely in its longitudinal direction.

According to suitable embodiments, the mast is divided into several mutually displaceable parts. Hereby it is possible to arrange 6 a relatively long, effective mast within the narrow dimension which is available if the mast is to be unfolded under the limiting conditions mentioned above.

According to the invention, there is provided a method for transporting 5 and setting up a pile-hitting machine of the kind specified in the preamble of claim 7, which method is characterized by the characterizing part of claim 7.

Hereby it is achieved that a pile frame machine can be very conveniently conveyed as a rail vehicle and can be raised to the frame position with 10 minimum clearance requirements above the track respectively. to free space on the side of the track which is opposite the frame position. In particular, it will be possible to set up a frame machine with capacity for piles of considerable size along a track where there is a driving line over the track. The mast is naturally folded down by the inverse sequence of operations.

According to an expedient embodiment of this method of sliding, the guide post is positioned upwardly along with a portion of the mast relative to a supporting portion of the mast prior to the post being erected. This ensures that the mast can have a greater effective working length while being relatively compact to fold and transport.

According to the invention, there is provided a method for establishing a foundation by a track as claimed in claim 9. It is hereby achieved that foundations can conveniently be prefabricated, for example in a factory, very quickly and under well controlled conditions and then erected with a minimum of rail traffic nuisance. Furthermore, the set-up can be carried out with very limited effort of labor.

According to the invention, there is provided a method as claimed in claim 10, wherein the distance of the foundation from a groove is adjusted during the ramming. It is hereby achieved that a foundation, if desired, can be very easily and efficiently moved during the framing relative to the track, thereby ensuring that the foundations will stand very accurately.

The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to embodiments shown in the drawing, in which FIG. 1 shows a pile-hitting machine according to the invention in side view as it is transported on a track; FIG. 2 shows a step during the erection of the machine according to the invention, where the machine top has just been folded out across the track; 7 fig. Fig. 3 shows a step of the arrangement of the machine according to the invention, in which the mast is swung up so far that the guide bar is approximately horizontal; 4 shows a step during the erection of the machine according to the invention, wherein the guide bar is approximately horizontal and is projected to its fully extended position; FIG. 5 shows a step during the erection of the machine according to the invention, in which the mast is pivoted completely to the side of the driving line over the track and telescopically shifted slightly upwards; FIG. 6 shows a step during the erection where the mast stands vertically and the mast top is tilted up; FIG. Fig. 7 shows the machine in the working position ready to initiate the collapse of a pile; Figure 8 is a plan view of the guide boom with a section 15 through the broker guide; 9 is a cross-sectional view of the guide bar along line 9-9 of FIG.

8, FIG. 10 is a vertical longitudinal section through the guide bar; and FIG. Figure 11 shows a plan view of the machine standing on a track and in the 20 working position.

Referring first to FIG. 1, there is shown a pile-hitting machine denoted as a whole by reference numeral 1, which comprises a driving chassis 3 and a machine upper 4. On the driving chassis 3 there are mounted rubber wheels 6, which by means of steering and driving means not shown in detail. enables the machine to run on regular roads. Furthermore, the driving chassis 3 has at its ends loosely mounted track rollers or rail wheels 5, which are mounted on pivot arms 11, so that they can be raised and lowered by means of controllable actuators 9 relative to the driving chassis 3. For 30 driving on the road the rail wheels 5 are raised completely (no closer shown), after which the machine is carried by the rubber wheels 6. In the other direction, the rail wheels 5 can be lowered so far that the rubber wheels are released completely from the track, after which the machine 1 can be towed. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the rail wheels are adjusted such that the weight of the machine is supported by both the rail wheels 5 and by the rubber wheels 6. Hereby the machine is controlled by the track, ie. it is moved as a rail vehicle, while the rubber wheels' abutment against the rails provides sufficient friction for the machine to utilize the normal propulsion machinery of the rubber wheels, and the machine is thus self-propelled.

In the upper part 4 of the machine there is the driving motor 7 of the machine and the cab 8, and there are arranged upper eyes 44 and lower eyes 45 with horizontal parallel axes for carrying work equipment. The engine is equipped with a hydraulic system not shown, so that it can deliver hydraulic power for various maneuvering and working functions. Machine upper 4 is mounted on the drive chassis 3 so that the upper can rotate or bend a vertical axis 13 by means of a power-driven turning 14. The machine is provided with support legs or feet 12 which are raised in the transport situation and which can be lowered. to provide the machine with stable support during work operations. At the top is seen the mast 15 with the hammer mechanism 16, which is transported in a substantially horizontal position. The mast 15 comprises a guide guide or broker 17 for the hammer mechanism and the broker is displaceable relative to the portion of the mast called the broker guide 18.

15 To the right of the figure is seen the mast foot 19, which can also be extended relative to the broker guide 18. On the left is seen the mast top 23.

The mast and hammer mechanism are carried by the guide bar 27, which comprises a base portion 28 mounted pivotally about a horizontal axis through the pivot eyes 44, and a telescopic extendable portion 29 connected to the broker guide 18 at pivot point 37. The base portion of the guide bar may is pivoted up and down relative to the machine upper one by the lift actuators 36. The mast can be tilted relative to the guide boom around the hinge point 37 controlled by an actuator 46 and in a manner to be described in more detail later. When the mast is folded as shown, all equipment is within the normal free-space profile for rail-running stock.

In this way, the machine can be driven to the place of work by the rails where it is stopped, and the feet 12 are placed on the sleepers or on the ground, so that the machine has a stable support. Thereafter, the actuator 36 is contracted a little, whereby the guide boom and mast in fixed 30 angular relation tilt the pivot eye 44 to a position limited by the clearance over the driving chassis and which may be limited by the maximum height available. across the track.

In an inclined position, for example 15 ° raised relative to the horizontal, the machine is then tilted to that of FIG. 2. FIG. 2 shows the same components as FIG. 1 and the side boundary 42 of the free space profile one for material running on the track and a profile 47 which marks the area within which an electric driving wire will be located. It can be seen clearly in FIG. 2, that already the limited oscillation of the mast 9 brings the mast top closer to the bend axis 13, and therefore it is better to bend the machine in this position, without the mast top being able to nuisance a neighboring track or to carambole with other fixed objects which may well be set up along the course.

5 With a machine upper a 4 standing in a transverse direction, the driving chassis is no longer in the way of tilting the lower of the mast, and the mast can then be tilted further from the position shown in fig. 2, and still with mast and guide boom in the same angular relation around the eye 44, to the one in fig. 3. When machine top one is in the position as shown in FIG. 2, the broker 17 may optionally be telescopically displaced along the broker guide 18 and slightly downward in order to decrease the clearance height above the machine during the upswing. In the position shown in FIG. 3, the guide bar 27 is substantially horizontal and the mast top is so close to the thread profile 47 that the mast cannot be tilted higher. At the same time 15, the mast foot 19 has swung all the way down to a little above the level of the rail top. It is important that the machine can work even if the terrain is at this level, and therefore the equipment is arranged so that the mast can be swung up without the mast foot moving down below the level of the rail edges.

20 The telescopic guide boom is then extended so that the extendable portion 29 is moved to its outermost position, as shown in FIG. 4. It is noted here that the actuator 46 tilting the mast relative to the guide boom in a manner as will be explained later with reference to FIG. 8, 9 and 10, act between the mast and an anchor in the slide 29 of the guide boom so that the slide of the guide boom results in a purely parallel displacement of the mast.

From the position shown in FIG. 4, the mast can be tilted about pivot point 37, with the equipment adjusted so that there is still a little space before the foot of the mast hits the terrain. As mentioned, the broker 17 and the mast foot 19 are arranged to be longitudinally displaceable relative to the broker guide 18, and it is therefore possible, when the mast is tilted at a certain angle, to move the broker 17, the mast foot 19 and the mast top 23 upwards as soon as the mast top is swung free of the tread profile 47, as seen in FIG. 5. This displacement may optionally be carried out gradually with the tilt so that no point of the mast falls below the level of the rail edges.

Finally, the mast reaches a substantially vertical position as shown in FIG. 6, it is further shown how the mast top 23 can be pivoted upwards by means of an actuator not shown.

10

The working position is shown in FIG. 7, and it can be seen here how the knife method 19 is displaced downwards, conveniently to the ground, while the broker 17 is displaced upward to its highest position and the hammer mechanism or frame stroke 16 is also raised all the way up to the top 5 position. In FIG. 7 shows how an actuator 50 is arranged between the broker guide 18 and the mast foot 19, whereby the mast foot can be raised and lowered. Furthermore, it is seen how the broker 17 is supported with an actuator 51 anchored to the mast foot 19.

A line is secured in a pile 2, which is laid out in advance at the site, 10 so that the pile can be raised to position just below the hammer mechanism 16 and placed so that it is ready to be knocked down. The hoisting of the hammer mechanism and pile is carried out at lines 25 passed over line wheels 24 in the pivotable mast top 23. The hoist comprises two winches 26 arranged in the broker guide 18. The hammer mechanism is hydraulically driven, with hydraulic power being fed from the engine 7 of the machine through hydraulic hoses not shown. As the pile is hammered downward, the hammer mechanism 16 comes down. As can be understood from FIG. 7, the broker 17 has a limited length and the required working length is obtained so that the broker 17 can be moved downwardly in the broker guide 18 and all the way down to the mast foot 19, as shown 20 in FIG. 2, whereby the hammer mechanism 16 can be controlled and can operate all the way down to a level which may lie below the rail edge.

The hoist is strong enough for a pole to be pulled up again if it has been incorrectly set. In the event that a pile, after starting the ramming, does not appear to be at the proper distance from the rails, it will be possible, even while the pile is being rammed, to pull it in or push it away. from the rails when using the machine. To this end, the telescopic boom of the guide boom, which is dimensioned sufficiently powerfully for this purpose, is used. For this purpose, the pile 2 may optionally be attached to the machine foot 19 with chains or the like, or a flour layer such as a piece of wood between the pile and mast foot may be laid.

Although not shown in detail, it is clear from FIG. 7, how the mast can also be tilted around the pivot point 37 against the rail center plane, or out of the actuator 46, if piles are to be hammered in inclined directions. Slopes in a plane parallel to the rail center plane can be realized by taking advantage of the possibility of different adjustment of the machine's raised and lowerable feet 12, so that the entire machine and thus the mast is tilted.

11

As the guide boom is a very important component of the invention, its structure will now be described in more detail with reference to FIG. 8, 9 and 10. As can be seen from these figures, the base portion 28 of the guide bar comprises a box-shaped beam and the extendable portion 29 of the guide bar a similar box-shaped beam, but in a dimension adapted so that the displaceable member can move within the base portion 28. As shown in FIG. 9, the two parties are provided with matching guide rails 31, so that a well-controlled guidance of the two parties is ensured. The guide boom parts can be displaced by an actuator 30 mounted within the boom and acting 10 between the bearing points 32. The base part of the guide boom has eyes 33 at one end (to the left of Fig. 10), whereby the base part is attached to the swinging eyes 44 of the machine by a suitable pivot pin. 10. The guide bar's extendable portion 29 has eyes at 37 for hinged attachment to swinging eyes 49 in the broker guide 18 using a suitable pivot pin 10 as shown in FIG. 8. To secure the rocker actuator 46 of the broker control, there is a projection or ear 38 with a fastening eye at the bottom of the extendable portion 29 of the guide boom. The base part 28 of the guide bar has a rectangular recess on the underside, a so-called debris 35, which protrudes 38 again easily. This provides that the parts of the guide boom can be made with suitable overlaps to ensure good stability while at the same time pushing the boom appropriately far together. As mentioned, the base part 28 of the guide bar can be tilted up and down with respect to the machine around the eyes 44 by means of the aforementioned lifting actuators 36 which are anchored on a pivot pin 10 through the lower swinging eyes 45 of the machine. The lifting actuators 36 25 are connected to the base part of the guide bar 28 at pivot 34, there being a lifting actuator 36 on each side of the base portion 28 of the guide bar. Finally, FIG. 8, how the broker guide is arranged around the end of the guide boom and has giveaway claws 21, with which the broker guide grips giveaways 20 mounted on the broker 17. On the opposite side, the broker 17 has other giveaways 20 for controlling the hammer mechanism 16 which barrels with appropriate giveaways 21.

Referring now to FIG. 11, which shows a plan view of the machine in the working position. In this figure, the rails 39 and the sleepers 40 are also clearly shown, and it is seen how the rubber wheels 6 and the rail wheels 5 are located and how the feet or the supporting legs 12 are placed so that they can rest on the outermost of the sleepers. Also seen is the location of the double swing eyes 44 and the double support eyes 45 on the machine as well as the two lifting actuators 36 on both sides of the guide boom 27.

Claims (10)

12 As indicated by the dashed lines 43, the machine can rotate a considerable angle to both sides, and the turning option combined with the displacement in the guide bar 27 allows the machine to cover the whole of the 48 field indicated. According to a convenient embodiment, the location of the pile 5 can be varied from approx. 3.0 meters to approx. 3.5 meters from the bend axis 13 and the working angle of the machine can be changed to 50 ° on each side of the line perpendicular to the rail center line 41. In the preferred embodiment of the invention, all maneuvering functions including driving, play and all actuators are hydraulically driven by 10 forces appropriate pipes and hose connections from the engine 7 of the machine and under the control of a control panel (not shown) in the cab. It is to be understood that countless other ways of transmitting and controlling the maneuvering forces, such as by mechanical connection, compressed air or electricity, may be conceived, and that the invention encompasses all such variants. 15 A pile-hitting machine, comprising a driving chassis (3) with wheels for rail travel, a top (4) and a mast (15), the top of which is pivotally mounted about a vertical axis, called the bend axis (13). ), on the driving chassis by force-driven swing means, which mast is connected to the upper part by a boom (27), which at one end is connected to the machine upper one at a first hinge (44) with an axis perpendicular to the upper axis of the upper part and as at its second end is connected 25 to the mast by a second hinge (37) with axis substantially parallel to the axis of the first hinge, which includes a sliding guide (17) for a hammer mechanism (16), means for hoisting the hammer mechanism, and means for hoisting the a pile which can be raised to a substantially vertical position for pile-hitting and can be folded down to a substantially horizontal position for transport, and further comprising a power source (7) for driving a hammer the mechanism as well as hoisting and pivoting means, characterized in that the boom is divided into two telescopically slidably interconnected parts, namely a base portion (28) connected to said first hinge and a extendable portion (29) connected to said second hinge. Machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the boom (27) in the transport position is contracted and directed from the anchor hinge (44) on the machine top and inclined upwards and outwards from the bend axis to the anchor hinge (37) on the mast. 3. Machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that power-driven and controllable means (46) are provided for tilting the mast (15) with respect to the extendable part (29) of the boom. 4. Machine according to claim 3, characterized in that the means for tilting the mast comprise a linear actuator (46) which operates between a 10 point on the boom extendable part and a point on the part of the mast which lies in the mast's working position. fulcrum. Machine according to claims 1-4, characterized in that the mast is divided into two longitudinally displaceable parts, one of which (18) is hinged to the boom (27) and the other (17, 19) carries the sliding guide for the hammer. . Machine according to claim 5, characterized in that the mast is divided into three parts, the first (18) being hinged to the boom, the other (17) carrying the sliding guide for the hammer and being displaceable by the first part, and the third part (19) has a foot for repelling against the substrate and is displaceable relative to the first two parts. A method of transporting and erecting a pile-hitting machine, in which a mast (15) guided to a hammer mechanism (16) is transported on a rail vehicle in a substantially horizontal position in the longitudinal direction along the rail direction and within the clearance profile for rail vehicles, and the mast together with a top (4) of the rail vehicle and a boom (27) connected between the mast and the upper, for pile-hitting next to the track, is pivoted about a vertical first axis between the rails until the mast is directed broadly transverse to the rail direction, after which the mast is raised to a substantially vertical position, characterized in that, after the rotation about the vertical first axis (13), the mast is tilted together with the boom about a horizontal second axis (44) until the mast is in a oblique position that the inclined mast together with a telescopically extendable portion (29) of the boom is displaced in a direction transverse to the rails and substantially horizontal, and that the mast they refts are tilted about a third axis (37) substantially parallel to the second axis, but at a distance 14 thereof to a substantially vertical position. 8. A method according to claim 7, characterized in that after the pile is erected, the guide post is positioned upwards together with a part of the mast in relation to a supporting part of the mast. 9. A method for establishing a foundation by track, characterized in that the foundation (2) is prefabricated and transported to the installation site, that a machine is erected by the method according to claim 7 or 8, that the foundation is raised in position under the hammer mechanism and that the foundation is hit down. Method according to claim 9, characterized in that the lower part of the mast is optionally attached to the foundation (2) and that the foundation 15 during impact is influenced by a side force by pulling or pushing the mast in its area just above the ground towards or away. from the track.