EP4083327A1 - Machine for use in civil engineering - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a civil engineering machine with an undercarriage, which comprises a rail chassis, an uppercarriage mounted on the undercarriage so that it can rotate about a vertical axis of rotation, a leader with a linear guide along which a working carriage with a construction implement is mounted so that it can move, and a linkage mechanism with which the Leader adjustable on the upper carriage is stored. According to the invention, it is provided that the linkage mechanism has a telescopic arm with which a distance between the leader and the superstructure can be adjusted.

Description

The invention relates to a civil engineering machine with an undercarriage, which comprises a chassis, an uppercarriage mounted on the undercarriage so that it can rotate about a vertical axis of rotation, a leader with a linear guide along which a working carriage with a construction equipment is mounted so that it can move, and a linkage mechanism with which the Leader is adjustably mounted on the superstructure, according to the preamble of claim 1.

Civil engineering machines with leaders are well known and are used, for example, to create bored piles in the ground, ground anchors or to introduce sheet piling into a ground by shaking or hammering. The civil engineering machines are used in particular to carry out foundation measures for buildings or along buildings.

A leader represents a substantially vertical mast, which is designed with a longitudinal guide on its front side. A working carriage with a construction work tool is slidably mounted along the longitudinal guide. Such a civil engineering machine with a leader, with a vibrator being provided as construction equipment, is, for example, from EP 3 228 382 B1 out.

The leader is connected to a mobile carrier device via a linkage mechanism. In the EP 3 228 382 B1 the linkage mechanism has pivoting levers in a so-called parallelogram arrangement, it being possible for the leader to be spaced from the carrier device by pivoting the pivoting levers. Due to the mechanics, a change in the distance between the leader and the carrier always results in a certain change in position in the vertical direction.

This can be compensated for by a holding device with which the vertical leader is connected to the parallelogram arrangement of the pivoted levers in a vertically adjustable manner.

In certain cases it is necessary to carry out such foundation measures near or along railway tracks. For this it is, for example, from the generic EP 0 392 310 B1 known to equip an undercarriage with wheels in a conventional civil engineering machine, which allow driving on rails. As a result, the civil engineering machine equipped and retrofitted in this way can be moved on the tracks in order to carry out corresponding civil engineering measures from a working position on the tracks.

With such retrofitted civil engineering machines only relatively short distances can be covered on tracks as a rule. In addition, due to the relatively small track width on rails, there is less security against tipping compared to a normal wheeled or caterpillar undercarriage.

It is also known to arrange an existing civil engineering machine with a wheeled or caterpillar undercarriage as a whole on a railway transport vehicle. In principle, a longer distance can be covered on rails at a higher speed with such a conventional railroad car. However, with such arrangements in conventional civil engineering machines, there is often the problem that only relatively small civil engineering machines can be used in order not to exceed a maximum height that is specified by overhead lines or railway tunnels. In addition, by arranging a conventional civil engineering machine on a railway transport wagon, the center of gravity of the machine is increased above the ground, which also reduces the stability against tipping. This then results in a corresponding restriction of the working area and the possible uses of the civil engineering machine.

The invention is based on the object of specifying a civil engineering machine with a leader, with which construction measures can be carried out in a particularly efficient manner.

The object is achieved by a civil engineering machine with the features of claim 1. Preferred embodiments of the invention are given in the dependent claims.

The civil engineering machine according to the invention is characterized in that the linkage mechanism has a telescopic arm with which a distance between the leader and the superstructure can be adjusted.

A basic idea of the invention is to use a linkage mechanism with a telescopic arm in a civil engineering machine with a leader, with the telescopic arm being directed essentially horizontally. Thus, by telescoping the telescopic arm in or out, the distance between the leader and the superstructure and thus the carrier device can be changed. In particular, a parallelogram arrangement with pivoting levers can be replaced by using a telescopic arm that is variable in length.

In addition, a telescopic arm that can be adjusted in length allows the leader distance to be changed without significant changes to the vertical position of the leader. Further, the linkage mechanism can be made simple and compact. This also results in a particularly compact design of the civil engineering machine overall, in particular with a relatively low overall height of the superstructure and linkage mechanism.

According to a development of the invention, a particularly good possibility of adjusting the leader results from the fact that the telescopic arm is mounted on the superstructure so that it can pivot about a horizontal pivot axis. In particular, the telescopic arm can be pivoted in an upper area of the superstructure. The telescopic arm or the linkage mechanism is connected to the leader in a lower area, so that the leader can be folded forward. A swivel cylinder, in particular a hydraulic cylinder, can be provided for swiveling the telescopic arm.

A further advantageous variant of the civil engineering machine according to the invention is that the leader is held on the telescopic arm via a holding device and that the leader is slidably mounted parallel to its linear guide on the holding device. The holding device can in particular a Have support beam, which is pivotally mounted on the telescopic arm. The leader is preferably mounted displaceably parallel to its linear guide along the supporting beam of the holding device. In this way, the vertical position of the leader and the position relative to the telescopic arm can be changed in a simple manner.

To further improve the adjustment possibilities of the leader, it is preferred according to one embodiment of the invention that the holding device has a pivoting unit with which the leader can be pivoted about a leader pivot axis, which is directed parallel to the linear guide of the leader. The leader can thus be adjusted and adjusted about a vertical axis which is directed parallel to the linear guide.

A further advantageous embodiment of the invention is that a detachable connection unit is arranged on the holding device, with which the leader can be easily detachably connected to the telescopic arm. This means that the leader can be mechanically detached from the telescopic arm and removed from it if necessary.

It is particularly advantageous that the detachable connection unit can be actuated automatically. The connection unit can preferably have hydraulically actuable retaining bolts which can be adjusted between a locking position and an unlocking position. In this way, a slight mechanical decoupling can take place between leader and telescopic arm, for example when the leader is folded into an approximately horizontal transport position. Existing line connections, in particular for energy and/or data lines, can also be separated or preferably remain between the leader and the telescopic arm. For this purpose, the connecting lines can be designed with corresponding additional lengths.

According to a development of the invention, it is particularly advantageous that the leader can be pivoted from a substantially vertical operating position into a substantially horizontal rest position, which is located in front of the superstructure in the longitudinal direction. It is thus possible to simply switch the leader to a horizontal resting or transport position.

It is particularly expedient here that the leader is placed on a shelf in the rest position and that the leader is placed on the shelf in the laid rest position can be detached from the telescopic arm by detaching the connection unit. The loosening can take place partially or completely.

Another preferred embodiment of the invention is that the undercarriage is designed as a rail-bound undercarriage with a chassis with wheels for driving on railroad tracks. By combining it with a linkage mechanism with a telescopic arm, a track-bound civil engineering machine can be created which has a particularly compact overall height when the leader is folded over. This is particularly advantageous for travel along railroad tracks, which have strict height limitations with regard to tunnels and existing overhead lines.

It is particularly advantageous that the deposit for depositing the leader is designed on a trolley. In particular, this transport vehicle itself can be a rail-mounted transport vehicle with wheels for driving on railroad tracks. The transport carriage can be coupled as an additional carriage to the undercarriage of the civil engineering machine. The leader can be placed on the trolley, with a connection between the leader and the telescopic arm is completely or partially separated, with a connection being formed exclusively by connecting lines.

According to a development of the invention, it is preferred that the telescopic arm can be actuated hydraulically. A hydraulic cylinder can preferably be arranged within the telescopic arm. The telescopic arm can preferably have an angular, preferably rectangular cross-section, so that the telescopic arm can ensure reliable linear guidance of the leader when telescoping in and out. The telescopic arm can be adjusted about the horizontal pivot axis via at least one pivot cylinder and thus be angled relative to the horizontal.

According to a further embodiment variant of the invention, it is particularly expedient for the connecting unit to be pivotably mounted relative to the telescopic arm. Another actuating cylinder can also be provided on the connecting unit for pivoting purposes. Due to the pivotability of the connecting unit relative to the telescopic arm, at an angle of the telescopic arm ensure that the leader remains vertical.

In general, any device can be attached to the civil engineering machine as a construction device. According to one embodiment variant of the invention, it is particularly advantageous for the construction equipment to have a vibrator, a drilling drive, a piling device, a sheet pile press or a cutter on the working carriage. The piling device can in particular comprise an impact or hammer unit

A drill drive can be used to create a drilling device with which, in particular, bored piles or foundation piles can be created in the ground, with a borehole that has been created being filled with a preferably hardenable compound, in particular concrete. The drill can also be used to insert drill or screw anchors for foundation measures.

Vertical slits can be created in the ground using a cutter, which, after being filled with a hardenable mass, form diaphragm wall segments or connected diaphragm walls in the ground. Pile-like or plank-like foundation elements can be driven into the ground using a vibrator, a piling device, a hammer or a sheet pile press.

Fig. 1

eine Seitenansicht einer ersten erfindungsgemäßen Tiefbaumaschine;

Fig. 2

eine vergrößerte Detailansicht zu der Tiefbaumaschine von Fig. 1 mit verschwenktem Oberwagen;

Fig. 3

eine schematische Draufsicht auf eine erfindungsgemäße Tiefbaumaschine;

Fig. 4

eine Seitenansicht der erfindungsgemäßen Tiefbaumaschine nach Fig. 1 in einer Transportposition;

Fig. 5

eine Seitenansicht einer weiteren erfindungsgemäßen Tiefbaumaschine mit einem Rüttler in einer Transportposition entsprechend Fig. 4;

Fig. 6

eine Seitenansicht einer weiteren erfindungsgemäßen Tiefbaumaschine mit einem Rammgerät in einer Transportposition entsprechend den Figuren 4 und 5;

Fig. 7

eine Seitenansicht einer weiteren erfindungsgemäßen Tiefbaumaschine mit einer Spundwandbohlenpresse in einer Transportposition entsprechend den Figuren 4 bis 6;

Fig. 8

eine weitere Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Tiefbaumaschine in einem Transportzustand mit einem Zusatzwagen; und

Fig. 9

eine Draufsicht auf die Tiefbaumaschine nach Fig. 8.

The invention is described in more detail below with reference to preferred exemplary embodiments, which are shown schematically in the drawings. In the drawings show:

1

a side view of a first civil engineering machine according to the invention;

2

an enlarged detailed view of the civil engineering machine from 1 with pivoted superstructure;

3

a schematic plan view of a civil engineering machine according to the invention;

4

a side view of the civil engineering machine according to the invention 1 in a transport position;

figure 5

a side view of another civil engineering machine according to the invention with a vibrator in a transport position 4 ;

6

a side view of another civil engineering machine according to the invention with a piling device in a transport position according to Figures 4 and 5;

7

a side view of another civil engineering machine according to the invention with a sheet pile press in a transport position according to the Figures 4 to 6 ;

8

a further embodiment of a civil engineering machine according to the invention in a transport state with an additional car; and

9

a plan view of the civil engineering machine 8 .

A first civil engineering machine 10 according to the invention is associated with the figures 1 and 2 explained. For moving on railway tracks 6, the civil engineering machine 10 includes a track-bound undercarriage 20 with a flat supporting frame 22 with a chassis 21, at the ends of which a bogie 24 with four wheelsets 25 with rail wheels 26 are arranged. The undercarriage 20 can have a length of about 12 to 18 meters, preferably about 15 meters. Each wheelset 25 has two wheels. The bogie 24 is rotatably mounted on the support frame 22 about a vertical axis.

An upper carriage 30 with an operator's cab 32 is mounted approximately centrally on the undercarriage 20 so as to be rotatable about a vertical axis of rotation 31 . A length-adjustable telescopic arm 42 is mounted on the superstructure 30 so as to be pivotable about a horizontal pivot axis 43 and can be pivoted about the horizontal pivot axis 43 by means of at least one actuating cylinder 38 . Two adjusting cylinders 38 can preferably be provided. The telescopic arm 42 is part of a linkage mechanism 40, a holding device 46 for holding a leader 50 being arranged at the free end of the telescopic arm 42 via a detachable connection unit 45. The holding device 46 can by means of a tilt cylinder 47 between the in the figures 1 and 2 shown, are pivoted substantially vertical operating position and a substantially horizontal transport position.

In addition, a pivoting unit 48 is arranged on the holding device 46, with which a vertical adjusting unit 49 with the leader 50 by an in 1 vertical Pivot axis can be pivoted. The leader 50 can be adjusted in the vertical direction or in the longitudinal direction of the leader 50 by means of the vertical adjusting unit 49 via the vertical support 52 .

That in the figures 1 and 2 The drive assembly, not shown, for driving the civil engineering machine 10 is arranged essentially in a receiving space 23 on the support frame 22 of the undercarriage 20 . The drive unit serves both as a travel drive for the undercarriage 20 for automatic movement, for adjusting the superstructure 30 and the linkage mechanism 40 and for operating a construction device 70 on the leader 50.

According to the figures 1 and 2 a linear guide 54 is formed on a front side of the vertical support 52 of the leader 50, along which a working carriage 60 with the construction work device 70 is mounted in a vertically adjustable manner. In the illustrated embodiment, the construction tool 70 is designed to create a bore. For this purpose, a drilling drive 72 is attached to the working carriage 60 . A Kelly boring bar 71 suspended from the leader 50 via a cable is driven in rotation by the boring drive 72 . At the lower end of the Kelly boring bar 71, a boring tool 73 is releasably attached.

To carry out a construction measure along the railway tracks 6, the construction work device 70 with the superstructure 30 is pivoted outwards about the vertical axis of rotation 31, generally by about 30° to 60°, in individual cases up to a maximum of 90°, as schematically shown in 2 is shown. To ensure the tipping stability of the civil engineering machine 10, lateral support devices 27 with a laterally pivotable swivel support 28 are arranged on the undercarriage 20. Vertically extendable supports 29 are arranged at the free end of the pivoting support 28 . As a result, the vertical supports 29 can be supported on the ground or on support elements 8 that have been prepared. In addition, an optionally hydraulically extendable support foot 58 can be arranged at the lower end of the vertical support 52 of the leader 50, with which the leader can be supported directly on the ground.

In 3 is a possible working range or adjustment range of the civil engineering machine 10 according to FIG figures 1 and 2 shown. The non-hatched area within the inner radius R1 denotes a work area in which the leader 50 is held exclusively by the telescopic arm 42 of the linkage mechanism 40. The shaded working area between the inner radius R1 and the outer radius R2 requires the leader 50 to be supported by the support foot 58 on the ground.

Depending on the respective travel position of the civil engineering machine 10 along the railway tracks 6, the rotational position of the superstructure 30 about the vertical axis of rotation 31, the support of the leader 50 with the support leg 58 and the extended position of the telescopic arm 42, a working area can thus be reliably measured along the tracks at a distance be machined according to the maximum outer radius R2.

In 4 is a first transport position of the civil engineering machine 10 according to FIG figures 1 and 2 shown. For the transport position, the superstructure 30 is aligned longitudinally to the undercarriage 20. The telescopic arm 42 of the linkage mechanism 40 is extended axially. At the same time, the tilting cylinder 47 is extended, so that the leader 50 is arranged approximately horizontally with a certain tilting angle relative to the horizontal. In this transport position, leader 50 is thus essentially in a lying position in front of actual undercarriage 20. If necessary, a mast head 56 on leader 50 can be folded in by means of a folding cylinder 57 in order to further increase the overall height H of track-bound civil engineering machine 10 in the transport position reduce so that a maximum permissible height for rail transport is given. This is preferably possible when the operation of the construction equipment 70 does not require a cable guide over the cable pulleys located on the mast head. In this state, in particular, shorter distances can be covered at low speed, for example within a construction site, so that the first transport position is also referred to as the offset position.

In figure 5 is another civil engineering machine 10 according to the invention in the transport position 4 shown, which largely corresponds to the machine described above, but a vibrator 74 is adjustably mounted on the leader 50 as construction equipment 70 . The vibrator 74 has, in particular, imbalances that can be driven in rotation, with which specific vibrations can be generated, for example for driving sheet piles into a floor.

In 6 is another civil engineering machine 10 according to the invention in the transport position according to the Figures 4 and 5 shown, wherein the construction implement 70 comprises a piling device 76 . With the piling device 76, targeted impact impulses can be exerted to drive beams or piles into the ground.

According to 7 is another civil engineering machine 10 according to the invention in the transport position according to the Figures 4 to 6 shown, with a sheet pile press 78 for pressing sheet piles into the ground being attached to the leader 50 as a construction work tool 70 .

According to the Figures 8 and 9 a civil engineering machine 10 according to the invention is shown in a different transport position, which is particularly suitable for covering greater distances and at higher driving speeds. For this purpose, the civil engineering machine 10 with the rail-bound undercarriage 20 has an additional carriage 80 which can be detachably coupled to the undercarriage 20 . Here, the civil engineering machine 10 and the additional car 80 in a train with an external drive unit such. B. be incorporated into a locomotive or only by an external drive unit such. B. a locomotive are driven. An upper side of the additional carriage 80 is designed as a shelf 82 for the leader 50 .

To set it down, leader 50 is preferably brought into a substantially horizontal position after the leader has been pivoted by pivoting device 48 through 90° along an axis parallel to the longitudinal direction of the leader via articulation mechanism 40 on superstructure 30 and immediately or preferably after pivoting through 90 ° placed on its side on the shelf 82 of the additional carriage 80. Pivoting through 90° preferably takes place with the mast vertical. The connection unit 45 between the telescopic arm 42 and the holding device 46 of the linkage mechanism 40 can then be released. Now the telescopic arm 42 can be retracted again. Optionally or additionally, the leader 50 that has been put down on the additional carriage 80 can be moved laterally and/or in the direction of the track in order to bring the center of gravity of the unit consisting of the leader 50 and the working carriage 60 as close as possible to the middle of the additional carriage 80. The masthead 56 can be folded down in order to avoid protruding laterally beyond the width of the additional carriage 80. In this case, line connections 66 between the telescopic arm 42 remain on the upper carriage 30 and the leader 50 placed on the additional carriage 80. The line connections can be power and/or data lines. This enables the leader 50 to be reconnected almost automatically to the superstructure when another construction site is reached by extending the telescopic arm 42 and closing the connection unit 45 without having to reconnect the line connections 66 before starting work.

The in the Figures 1 to 9 The civil engineering machines 10 shown have essentially the same structure, which differs significantly in the type of construction equipment 70 used.

Claims (13)

civil engineering machine with - an undercarriage (20) which includes a chassis (21), - an upper carriage (30) mounted on the undercarriage (20) so as to be rotatable about a vertical axis of rotation (31), - a leader (50) with a linear guide (54) along which a working carriage (60) with a construction work tool (70) is movably mounted, and - a linkage mechanism (40) with which the leader (50) is adjustably mounted on the superstructure (30),
characterized, - that the articulation mechanism (40) has a telescopic arm (42) with which a distance between the leader (50) and the superstructure (30) can be adjusted. Civil engineering machine according to claim 1,
characterized,
that the telescopic arm (42) is mounted on the superstructure (30) so that it can pivot about a horizontal pivot axis (43). Civil engineering machine according to claim 1 or 2,
characterized,
that the leader (50) is held on the telescopic arm (42) via a holding device (46), and
that the leader (50) is displaceably mounted parallel to its linear guide on the holding device (46). Civil engineering machine according to claim 3,
characterized,
that the holding device (46) has a pivoting unit (48) with which the leader (50) can be pivoted about a leader pivot axis which is directed parallel to the linear guide (54) of the leader (50). Civil engineering machine according to claim 3 or 4,
characterized,
that a detachable connection unit (45) is arranged on the holding device (46), with which the leader (50) can be easily detachably connected to the telescopic arm (42). Civil engineering machine according to claim 5,
characterized,
that the detachable connection unit (45) can be actuated automatically. Civil engineering machine according to one of claims 1 to 6,
characterized,
that the leader (50) can be pivoted from a substantially vertical operating position into a substantially horizontal rest position, which is located longitudinally in front of the superstructure (30). Civil engineering machine according to claim 7,
characterized,
that the leader (50) is placed on a shelf (82) in the rest position and that the leader (50) can be detached from the telescopic arm (42) in the stored rest position on the shelf (82) by releasing the connecting unit (45). Civil engineering machine according to one of claims 1 to 8,
characterized,
that the undercarriage (20) is designed as a rail-bound undercarriage (20) with a chassis (21) with wheels for driving on railroad tracks (6). Civil engineering machine according to claim 8 or 9,
characterized,
that the shelf (82) is designed to store the leader (50) on a transport carriage. Civil engineering machine according to one of Claims 1 to 10,
characterized,
that the telescopic arm (42) can be actuated hydraulically. Civil engineering machine according to one of claims 1 to 11,
characterized,
that the holding device (46) on the connecting unit (45) is pivotally mounted relative to the telescopic arm (42). Civil engineering machine according to one of claims 1 to 12,
characterized,
that the construction equipment (70) on the working carriage (60) has a vibrator (74), a drill drive (72), a ram (76), a sheet pile press (78) or a cutter.

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