DK163218B - Fremgangsmaade ved og arrangement til regulering af varigheden af en svejseoperation - Google Patents

Fremgangsmaade ved og arrangement til regulering af varigheden af en svejseoperation Download PDF

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Publication number
DK163218B
DK163218B DK571084A DK571084A DK163218B DK 163218 B DK163218 B DK 163218B DK 571084 A DK571084 A DK 571084A DK 571084 A DK571084 A DK 571084A DK 163218 B DK163218 B DK 163218B
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DK
Denmark
Prior art keywords
sleeve
hole
welding
sensor
property
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DK571084A
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English (en)
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DK571084A (da
DK571084D0 (da
DK163218C (da
Inventor
Gerard Grandclement
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Innovation Generale En Abrege
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Publication of DK571084D0 publication Critical patent/DK571084D0/da
Publication of DK571084A publication Critical patent/DK571084A/da
Publication of DK163218B publication Critical patent/DK163218B/da
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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/095Monitoring or automatic control of welding parameters
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/52Joining tubular articles, bars or profiled elements
    • B29C66/522Joining tubular articles
    • B29C66/5224Joining tubular articles for forming fork-shaped connections, e.g. for making Y-shaped pieces
    • B29C66/52241Joining tubular articles for forming fork-shaped connections, e.g. for making Y-shaped pieces with two right angles, e.g. for making T-shaped pieces
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/09Arrangements or circuits for arc welding with pulsed current or voltage
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/34Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
    • B29C65/3404Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the type of heated elements which remain in the joint
    • B29C65/342Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the type of heated elements which remain in the joint comprising at least a single wire, e.g. in the form of a winding
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/34Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
    • B29C65/3404Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the type of heated elements which remain in the joint
    • B29C65/342Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the type of heated elements which remain in the joint comprising at least a single wire, e.g. in the form of a winding
    • B29C65/3432Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the type of heated elements which remain in the joint comprising at least a single wire, e.g. in the form of a winding comprising several wires, e.g. in the form of several independent windings
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/34Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
    • B29C65/3468Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the means for supplying heat to said heated elements which remain in the join, e.g. special electrical connectors of windings
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112Single lapped joints
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/13Single flanged joints; Fin-type joints; Single hem joints; Edge joints; Interpenetrating fingered joints; Other specific particular designs of joint cross-sections not provided for in groups B29C66/11 - B29C66/12
    • B29C66/131Single flanged joints, i.e. one of the parts to be joined being rigid and flanged in the joint area
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/52Joining tubular articles, bars or profiled elements
    • B29C66/522Joining tubular articles
    • B29C66/5221Joining tubular articles for forming coaxial connections, i.e. the tubular articles to be joined forming a zero angle relative to each other
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/52Joining tubular articles, bars or profiled elements
    • B29C66/522Joining tubular articles
    • B29C66/5229Joining tubular articles involving the use of a socket
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/914Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/9141Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature
    • B29C66/91411Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature of the parts to be joined, e.g. the joining process taking the temperature of the parts to be joined into account
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/914Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/9161Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the heat or the thermal flux, i.e. the heat flux
    • B29C66/91651Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the heat or the thermal flux, i.e. the heat flux by controlling or regulating the heat generated by Joule heating or induction heating
    • B29C66/91655Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the heat or the thermal flux, i.e. the heat flux by controlling or regulating the heat generated by Joule heating or induction heating by controlling or regulating the current intensity
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/92Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools
    • B29C66/922Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by measuring the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools
    • B29C66/9221Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by measuring the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by measuring the pressure, the force or the mechanical power
    • B29C66/92211Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by measuring the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by measuring the pressure, the force or the mechanical power with special measurement means or methods
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/97Checking completion of joining or correct joining by using indications on at least one of the joined parts
    • B29C66/972Checking completion of joining or correct joining by using indications on at least one of the joined parts by extrusion of molten material
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05DSYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D23/00Control of temperature
    • G05D23/19Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means
    • G05D23/275Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means with sensing element expanding, contracting, or fusing in response to changes of temperature
    • G05D23/27535Details of the sensing element
    • G05D23/27537Details of the sensing element using expansible fluid
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2793/00Shaping techniques involving a cutting or machining operation
    • B29C2793/0009Cutting out
    • B29C2793/0018Cutting out for making a hole
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/34Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
    • B29C65/3472Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the composition of the heated elements which remain in the joint
    • B29C65/3476Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the composition of the heated elements which remain in the joint being metallic
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/71General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/912Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/9121Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature
    • B29C66/91221Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature of the parts to be joined
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/94Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the time
    • B29C66/944Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the time by controlling or regulating the time
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16LPIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L47/00Connecting arrangements or other fittings specially adapted to be made of plastics or to be used with pipes made of plastics
    • F16L47/02Welded joints; Adhesive joints
    • F16L47/03Welded joints with an electrical resistance incorporated in the joint

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Branch Pipes, Bends, And The Like (AREA)

Description

DK 163218 B
Opfindelsen angår en fremgangsmåde ved og et arrangement til regulering af varigheden af en svejseoperation for at skabe forbindelse mellem rør af plastmateriale.
5 . Til en sådan "forbindelse" skal det her forstås, at man kan anvende en muffe, der forbinder rørene i forlængelse af hinanden, men der kan også være tale om forbindelsen af et rør med et andet tværliggende rør eller andet forbindelsesarrangement med et antal rør-10 elementer i forbindelse med hinanden.
For overskueligheds skyld vil man herefter tale om muffeforbindelse, men dette er kun et eksempel på teknikken ifølge opfindelsen.
Fra EP-A-93821 er det til sammenkobling af to 15 plastrør kendt at anvende en muffe, der består af det samme materiale som rørene, og hvori de to rør indsættes, og som således danner forbindelsen, idet der i den indre overfladezone af muffen er indstøbt en vikling, hvis ender tilsluttes en elektrisk strømkilde. Når / 20 strømkilden aktiveres, bevirker strømmen gennem viklingen, at materialet smelter i den indre overfladezone af muffen og i den ydre overfladezone af de i muffen indsatte rør. Disse to zoner udsættes desuden for varmeud-videlse, hvorved de smeltede overflader får intim kon-25 takt med hinanden og under afkølingen svejses sammen i én blok.
Denne enkle proces er dog vanskelig at styre, da den ikke kan overvåges udefra og sker progressivt til dannelse af en fast blok mellem rørene og muffen. Man 30 kan dog overvåge processen gennem to parametre, nemlig plastmaterialets volumen, varmeledningsevne eller hårdhed .
Når den elektriske strøm fra forsyningskilden sluttes til, bevirker strømmen gennem viklingen følgen-35 de hændelser: - da vindigerne til denne vikling er indstøbt i muffens materiale, bevirker strømmen en opvarmning af
DK 163218 B
2 det omkringliggende materiale, der mere og mere nærmer sig smeltepunktet og på yderfladen udvider sig til kontakt med røret, mod hvilket det udøver et stigende tryk, 5 - derefter smelter rørets materiale, hvorved der under tryk sker sammensvejsning mellem røret og muffen, - hvis ikke strømmen afbrydes på dette tidspunkt, vil det smeltede materiales udvidelse bevirke en trykstigning i svejsezonen, eftersom de hosliggende zo-10 ner på begge sider af viklingen forbliver kolde for at forhindre tab af matriale og sikre opståen af svejsetrykket .
Ved overvågning af materialets tryk kan man således afbryde strømmen på det tidspunkt, hvor denne pa-15 rameter når op på en given værdi, således at man så har sikkerhed for, at sammensvejsningen er gennemført. Den optimale varighed for strømtilførsel afhænger af muffens diameter, hvis spændingen antages at være konstant .
20 Der er således behov for en fremgangsmåde ved automatisk regulering af varigheden af svejsetiden for sådanne sammensvejsninger, og det er det, opfindelsen tager sigte på.
Opfindelsen tager således sigte på en fremgangs-25 måde ved regulering af varigheden af en operation til elektrisk sammensvejsning af to rør med en muffe, hvilken fremgangsmåde ifølge opfindelsen er ejendommelig ved, at variationer af en egenskab hos det materiale, der skal svejses, afføles således, at på det tidspunkt, 30 hvor sammensvejsningen er udført, udnyttes værdien af denne egenskab som information, der af en føler udsendes til afbrydelse af svejsestrømmen.
Til praktisk udøvelse af opfindelsen kan der udnyttes udstrømningen af det smeltede materiale gennem 35 et radialt hul i muffens væg. På det tidspunkt, hvor sammensvejsningen finder sted, strømmer det smeltede
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3 materiale fra muffens indre zone ud igennem dette hul og når op til muffens yderflade. Dette velkendte fænomen er blevet udnyttet i et forsøg på at udføre visuel kontrol af operationen, nemlig ved at anbringe en svøm-5 mer i hullet, men denne løsning er alt for primitiv til at sikre en rigtig god overvågning. Ifølge opfindelsen anbringes der i hullet en mikroafbryder således, at den aktiveres af det smeltede materiale på det tidspunkt, hvor det kommer i kontakt med afbryderen, således at 10 man får en virkelig præcis overvågning.
Andre muligheder går ud på at anvende en i hullet i muffens væg anbragt termoføler eller udnytte materialets hårdhed eller konsistens, idet omfanget af indtrængning af en stift i det blødgjorte materiale ud-15 nyttes og udsendes som information til svejseudstyret.
Opfindelsen angår også et arrangement til regulering af varigheden af en operation til elektrisk sammensvejsning af to rør med en muffe under udøvelse af fremgangsmåden, hvilken muffes væg er udformet med et 20 radialt hul i nærheden af en i muffen indlagt varmevik-ling, hvilket arrangement ifølge opfindelsen er ejendommeligt ved, at der i dette hul eller i nærheden af dets munding findes en føler, der er indrettet til at afføle variationerne i materialets egenskab i blødgø-25 relseszonen, og at den af føleren afgivne information overføres til svejseudstyret, således at den for en given værdi af materialeegenskab svarende til gennemført sammensvejsning bevirker afbrydelse af strømtilførslen.
Det er klart, at huldiameteren skal vælges i af-30 hængighed af muffestørrelsen, således at der i hullet er en sådan opadgående mængde af smeltet materiale, at dette når frem til føleren netop på det tidspunkt, hvor sammensvejsningen - rørdiameteren taget i betragtning -er optimal, og hvor strømmen skal afbrydes.
35 Opfindelsen forklares nærmere i det følgende un der henvisning til den skematiske tegning, der illustrerer to eksempler på udøvelse, og hvor
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4 fig. 1 viser udøvelse af opfindelsen ved sammen-svejsning af to koaksiale rør med en muffe, fig. 2 udøvelse af opfindelsen ved sammensvejsning af et rør med et tværliggende rør, 5 fig. 2a et snit langs snitlinien II-II i fig. 2, og fig. 3 et diagram over en kobling til udøvelse af fremgangsmåden.
Fig. 1 viser en muffe 1 af termoplastisk mate-10 riale, f.eks. polyethylen, hvilken muffe har en inder-diameter lidt større end rørenes yderdiameter. De to rør 2 og 2' er stukket ind i muffen 1 i hovedsagen symmetrisk, således at deres ender befinder sig ud for de zoner af muffen, hvor der er indstøbt viklinger 3, 15 3', der gennem terminaler 6, 6' tilsluttes en elektrisk forsyningskilde, som vist i fig. 3.
Når operatøren har sluttet forsyningskilden til viklingerne 3, 3’, som vist i fig. 3, afbrydes kilden automatisk, når sammensvejsningen er gennemført, idet 20 der er en styrekreds, der aktiveres af to mikro-kon-takter 4, 4' anbragt i hulrum 5, 5', der er tilveje-bragt i muffen 1's væg i nærheden af terminalerne 6, 6' og ved viklingerne 3, 31 .
Medens den ovenfor beskrevne smeltning og udvi-25 delse finder sted, bevirker det på grund af udvidelsen stigende tryk, at muffens smeltede materiale trænger ind i hvert hulrum 5, 5' og stiger op i disse hulrum, indtil det udøver et tryk på hver mikro-kontakt, som afbryder arbejdsstrømmen til viklingerne og standser 30 svejseoperationen.
Den samme proces foregår i den i fig. 2 viste udførelsesform, hvor der i stedet for at anvende en muffeforbindelse på to koaksiale rør anvendes en saddelformet muffepart 10, der dækker i hvert fald en del 35 af et rør 11 med henblik på forbindelse med stikledning. Med henblik herpå er saddelparten 10 udformet
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5 med et rør 12 med indvendigt gevind, hvorved der med en ikke vist gevindtap kan bores et hul 13 i røret 11's væg ud for røret 12.
I den saddelformede muffepart 10 er der ind-5 lagt en vikling 14, der har en til sadlen svarende form, og som er forbundet med terminaler 15, 15', medens der i hulrum 17, 17' findes mikro-kontakter 16, 16' på samme måde som mikro-afbryderne 5, 5' i hulrummene 7, 7' i fig. 1. Virkemåden er den samme. Så snart 10 materialet i sadlen og røret begynder at smelte, trænger det ind i hulrummene 17, 17', hvor det aktiverer mikroafbryderne 16, 16', hvorved strømtilførslen til viklingen 14 afbrydes, og svejseprocessen standses.
I det foregående er der kun beskrevet to udfø-15 relsesformer, men det er klart, at der findes varianter, hvor man især udnytter temperaturen af det smeltede materiale.
Fig. 3 viser skematisk den ovenfor omtalte elektriske kobling. Ledninger 21 og 22 forbinder en 20 lavspændingskilde 20 med viklingens terminaler 6, 6' eller 15, 15'. I ledningen 22 er der indskudt en styrekreds med relæ 23. Igangsætningen sker manuelt, medens afbrydelsen udføres af mikro-afbryderne 4, 4' eller 16, 16'. Den manuelle aktivering finder sted ved 25 hjælp af trykknappen 24. Følere, der reagerer over for trykket fra det smeltede materiale i hulrummene 5, 5' eller 17, 17' i muffen 1 eller sadlen 10, bevirker strømafbrydelsen.
Inden for opfindelsens ramme kan disse følere 30 også være temperaturfølsomme, og styrekredsen kan aktiveres af temperaturen alene eller af materialevoluminet alene eller af både temperaturen i det ene hulrum og voluminet i det andet.
Det bemærkes, at der i fig. 1 og 2 er vist zoner 35 "f" og "s" på muffen 1 og sadlen 10. Zonerne s er smeltezonerne og zonerne f kolde zoner, der forhin-

Claims (8)

1. Fremgangsmåde ved regulering af varigheden af en operation til elektrisk sammensvejsning af to rør (2, 2') med en muffe (1), kendetegnet ved, at variationer af en egenskab hos det materiale, der 10 skal svejses, afføles således, at på det tidspunkt, hvor sammensvejsningen er udført, udnyttes værdien af denne egenskab som information, der af en føler udsendes til afbrydelse af svejsestrømmen.
2. Fremgangsmåde ifølge krav l, kende- 15 tegnet ved, at den egenskab, hvis variationer afføles, er volumenvariationen, idet det smeltede materiale udvider sig i et hul (5, 17), der er tilvejebragt i muffens væg, og bringes til at påvirke en i hullets munding anbragt mikro-afbryder (4, 16).
3. Fremgangsmåde ifølge krav l, kende tegnet ved, at den egenskab, hvis variationer afføles, er temperaturvariationen, idet varmeudstrålingen fra den blødgjorte zone opfanges af en termoføler, der er anbragt i et hul (5, 17) i muffens væg.
4. Fremgangsmåde ifølge krav 1, kende tegnet ved, at den egenskab, hvis variationer af-føles, er ændringen i materialehårdhed eller -konsistens, idet omfanget af indtrængning af en stift i det blødgjorte materiale udnyttes og udsendes som informa- 30 tion til svejseudstyret.
5. Arrangement til regulering af varigheden af en operation til elektrisk sammensvejsning af to rør (2, 2') med en muffe (1) under udøvelse af fremgangsmåden ifølge ethvert af de foregående krav, og hvor der i 35 muffens væg er tilvejebragt et radialt hul (5, 17) i nærheden af en i muffen indlagt varmevikling (3, 31), DK 163218 B kendetegnet ved, at der i dette hul eller i nærheden af dets munding findes en føler, der er indrettet til at afføle variationerne i materialets egenskab i blødgørelseszonen, og at den af føleren afgivne 5 information overføres til svejseudstyret, således at den for en given værdi af materialeegenskab svarende til gennemført sammensvejsning bevirker afbrydelse af strømtilførslen.
5 PATENTKRAV
6. Arrangement ifølge krav 5, kendeteg-10 net ved, at føleren udgøres af en ved hullets munding anbragt mikro-afbryder (4, 16), som er indrettet til at påvirkes af volumenforøgelsen af det smeltede materiale, der udøver tryk på mikro-afbryderen.
7. Arrangement ifølge krav 5, kendeteg-15 net ved, at føleren er en i hullet anbragt termofø- ler, der reagerer over for det smeltende materiales temperatur.
8. Arrangement ifølge krav 5, kendetegnet ved, at føleren udgøres af en stift indrettet 20 til ved ændring af det smeltende materiales konsistens at trænge ind i materialet i hullet.
DK571084A 1983-12-02 1984-11-30 Fremgangsmaade ved og arrangement til regulering af varigheden af en svejseoperation DK163218C (da)

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MC831677A MC1581A1 (fr) 1983-12-02 1983-12-02 Procede pour le controle du temps de soudage

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MA20287A1 (fr) 1985-07-01
IN162082B (da) 1988-03-26
MC202A7 (fr) 1986-04-07
MC1581A1 (fr) 1985-02-04
KR850004923A (ko) 1985-08-19
EG17267A (en) 1989-06-30
KR910007173B1 (ko) 1991-09-19
ES8603637A1 (es) 1985-12-16
JPS6324820B2 (da) 1988-05-23
JPS60198224A (ja) 1985-10-07
DK571084A (da) 1985-06-03
DK571084D0 (da) 1984-11-30
ZA849000B (en) 1985-09-25
DK163218C (da) 1992-08-31
AU582557B2 (en) 1989-04-06
US4684417A (en) 1987-08-04
MX156873A (es) 1988-10-06
AU3606684A (en) 1985-06-06

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