DK160153B - HIGH-EFFICIENT, WHITE, AND TEXTILE SOFTWARE PARTICULATE DETERGENT - Google Patents

Description

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DK 160153B

The present invention relates to detergents or detergents. Particularly relates to the high-performance detergent and fabric softener compositions intended for use in both raaskin and handwashing laundry. The detergents are of the kind specified in the preamble of claim 1.

High-performance cleaners that are useful for machine wash of textiles are household-to-household products that are widely used worldwide. British Patent Specification 10,404,413 and 461,221 disclose that laundry detergents containing bentonite, synthetic anionic detergent, and builder salt "give a textile washed therewith a fuller feel and soft grip". Bentonites have long been used in soap and detergent products such as fillers and fillers, and it has also been recognized that textiles are softened by applying bentonite from aqueous baths, see U.S. Patent No. 3,594,212. Such various uses of bentonite and other suitable clays are also described in recent patents, e.g. are various plasticizers described in the disclosures to British Patent Specification No. 1,404.

898, No. 1,401,726, 1,455,873, No. 1,460,616, 1,572,815, U.S.

U.S. Patent Nos. 3,936,537, 4,141,847, and British Patent Application No. 2,063,289. However, some bentonites do not contain sufficient amounts of interchangeable monovalent metal ions and are therefore not good plasticizers and some contain unfortunate amounts of sandy material which makes them unacceptable for detergents in laundry. Nevertheless, such bentonites can be successfully used according to the present invention to form detergents and detergent compositions with excellent performance characteristics.

According to the present invention there is provided a high performance, bleaching and text in 1 softening, particulate detergent for washing clothes in water, containing from 3 to 10 35% by weight sodium salt of a synthetic, organic, anionic detergent consisting of sulfonates or sulfates or mixtures thereof, 1-8% by weight non-ionic detergent, 0-10% by weight water-soluble 4 *

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equal to alkali metal soap, 20-75 wt.% builder for the synthetic organic detergent, 5-35 wt.% bleach which releases oxygen in aqueous solution at elevated temperature, and 5-25 wt.% agglomerated concreteite particles produced by 5 size reduction of naturally occurring low-swelling bentonite and containing interchangeable calcium and / or magnesium and containing granular material, and the detergent or detergent is characterized in that the bentonite particles are reacted with sodium and / or potassium carbonate to replace at least a portion of the bentonite. calcium and / or magnesium with sodium and / or potassium and then dried and reduced in size with subsequent separation of the bentonite from the granular material and agglomeration of the bentonite to particle sizes in the range of 149 µm to 2 mm.

15

It is preferred according to the invention that the anionic detergent be a sodium-1 inert higher alkyl benzene sulfonate, the non-ioritic detergent be a condensation product of a higher fatty alcohol and polyethylene glycol, a hydrogenated tallow fatty acid soap is present, the builder salt is composed mainly of pentane sodium tripolyphosphate or NTA or a mixture thereof (with a small proportion of sodium silicate also present), the bentonite is swelling bentonite with a moisture content of at least 3% and the bleach is sodium perborate.

25

The synthetic organic detergents used will be non-ionic and anionic detergents in combination, but suitable amphoteric or ampholytic cleansers such as those sold under the trademark "Miranol" may also be used in conjunction with nonionic agents and anionic agents. funds in the said funds. Cationic cleansers such as the quaternary ammonium halides, e.g. those sold under the trademark "Arosurf" can also serve as supplemental textile softeners in these products, but usually they are not used and if present, they will not be spray dried with any anionic cleanser due to unwanted mutual reaction that can take place. These classes of materials are known and are repeated.

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3 times have been described in the field of detergent. Since they are not preferred components of the present compositions, no further description thereof is considered necessary in this specification.

5

Various synthetic anionic organic cleansers, such as those characterized as sulfonates and sulfates, usually as alkali metal or sodium salts, may be used, but those considered preferred are the linear higher alkyl benzene sulfonates, higher alkyl or fatty alcohol sulfates and poly -ethoxy-higher fatty alcohol or polyethoxylate sulfates. Preferably, the higher alkyl of the higher alkylbenzenesulfonates is linear and having 10 to 14 carbon atoms, more preferably 11 to 13, e.g. 12, and the sulfonate is a sodium salt. The alkyl sulfate 15 is preferably a higher fatty alkyl or alcohol sulfate having 10 to 16 carbon atoms, more preferably 12 to 14 carbon atoms, e.g. 12, and is also used as the sodium salt. Similarly, higher fatty carbon polyethoxy sulfates will be from 10 to 18 carbon atoms, more preferably 12 to 16, e.g. 12 in higher 20 fatty alcohol, the ethoxy content will preferably be from 3 to 30 ethoxy groups per minute. moles, preferably 3 or 5 to 20, and the detergent will be a sodium salt. Thus, it can be seen that the sulfonate and sulfate alkyls are preferably linear or higher fatty alkyls having 10 to 18 carbon atoms, the cation is preferably sodium, and when a polyethoxy chain is present, the sulfate is terminated. Other useful anionic detergents include higher olefin sulfonates and paraffin sulfonates, e.g. sodium salts wherein the olefin or paraffin groups are from 10 to 18 carbon atoms. Specific examples of the preferred detergents are sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, sodium tallow alcohol polyethoxy (3 EtO) sulfate, and sodium hydrogenated tallow alcohol sulfate. In addition to said preferred anionic cleansers, others of this known group may also be present, especially in only minor amounts with respect to those previously described. In addition, mixtures may be used, and in some cases such mixtures may be superior to individual cleansers. The various anionic cleansers are known and

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4 is detailed in pages 25 to 138 of Surface Active Agents and Detergents, Volume II, by Schwartz, Perry and Berch, published in 1958 by Interscience Publishers, Inc.

Although various non-ionic detergents having a satisfactory physical properties may be used, including condensation products of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide with each other and with hydroxy-containing aromatic and aliphatic bases such as nonylphenol and oxo-type alcohols, it is particularly preferred that the nonionic detergent is a higher fatty alkoxy, poly lower alkoxy, lower alkanol which can also be described as a condensation product of ethylene oxide (and / or propylene oxide) and higher fatty alcohol. In such products, the higher fatty alkoxy or alcohol has from 10 to 16 carbon atoms, preferably 12 to 15 carbon atoms, and the nonionic detergent i contains from ca. 3 to 20 lower alkoxy groups, preferably 5 to 15, and more preferably 9 to 13 ethylene oxide groups per second. moles, e.g. 11th

The builder for the synthetic organic cleaner that helps to improve the washing performance of the cleaner is either a water-soluble or water-insoluble builder or a mixture thereof. Of course, mixtures of water-soluble builders can also be used, e.g. polyphosphate and NTA - (nitri-soluble acetic acid salt, usually the sodium salt), but from the water-insoluble builders, only the zeolites will usually be present, although mixtures of such zeolites may also prove advantageous. While zeolites are useful components of the present compositions, it will usually be preferable to use water-soluble builders and often such will be the only present builders.

The water-soluble builders or mixtures thereof used may be one or more of the conventional materials used as builders or proposed for such purposes. These include inorganic and organic builders and mixtures thereof. Among the preferred inorganic builders are

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In the various phosphates, preferably polyphosphates, e.g. tripolyphosphates and pyrophosphates, such as pentane sodium tri-polyphosphates and tetrantrium pyrophosphates. Trisodium nitriloacetate (NTA), preferably used as the monohydrate, and other nitrilotri acetates, such as disodium nitrilotriacetates, are preferred organic builders. The term NTA, which usually stands for nitrilotriacetic acid, is also used in this specification to denote the various salts thereof, preferably the alkali metal salts and more preferably the trisodium salt. Sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium pyrophosphate and NTA can be used in hydrated forms which are often preferred, but anhydrous forms can also be used. Of course, carbonates, such as sodium carbonate, are useful builders and, if desired, can be used alone or in conjunction with bicarbonates such as sodium bicarbonate. When the polyphosphates are used, it may be preferable to have sodium pyrophosphate present with sodium tripolyphosphate in the ratio of 1:10 to 10: 1, preferably 1: 5 to 5: 1, taking into account that the total amount of both builders is approximately the same. same as the one mentioned herein for sodium tripolyphosphate. Other water-soluble builders considered effective include the various other inorganic and organic phosphates, borates, e.g. borax, citrates, gluconates, EDTA and iminodiacetates. The various builders will preferably be in the form of their alkali metal salts, either the sodium or potassium salts or a mixture thereof, but the sodium salts are usually preferred. In certain cases, such as when neutral or slightly acidic cleansers are produced, acidic forms of the builders, especially of the organic builders, may be preferred, but usually the salts will be either neutral or basic. The silicates, preferably sodium silicate with a Na 2 O: SiO 2 ratio in the range of easily 1: 1.6 to 1: 3.0, preferably 1: 2 to 1: 2.8, e.g. 1: 2.35 or 1: 2.4, also serve as builder salts, but only relatively small amounts thereof will be present. When larger amounts of silicate are desired in the detergent composition, it may be advantageous for hydrated sodium silicate particles to be added to spray-dried particles containing other builders.

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The water-insoluble builders, as used in the present specification, are those which help to improve the purity of synthetic organic detergents, and especially of synthetic anionic organic detergents, and in such cases the mechanism for improving the purity seems to be associated with the builder's water softening effect, such as calcium and / or magnesium ion removal from the wash water, usually by an ion exchange mechanism. While it is within the scope of the invention to use water-insoluble builders, other than the 10 zeolites, as a practical target at present, the zeolites at present constitute the majority of such insoluble builders used.

The zeplites used include crystalline, amorphous and mixed crystalline-amorphous zeolites, of both natural and synthetic origin. Preferably, such materials are capable of reacting rapidly enough with calcium ions so that they alone or in conjunction with other water-softening compounds in the detergent soften the water prior to adverse reactions of such ions with other synthetic organic detergent components. The zeolites used can be characterized as having a high ion exchange capacity for calcium ions, which are usually from ca. 200 to 400 or more mg equivalents of calcium carbonate hardness per grams of aluminum silicate, preferably 250 to 350 mg equivalent / g.

Although other ion exchange zeolites may also be used, usually the finely divided synthetic zeolite forming particles used in the practice of this invention will be of formula 30 (Na 2 O) x * (Al 2 O 3) y · (SiO 2) z * w ^ 2® wherein x is 1, y is from 0.8 to 1.2, preferably approx. 1, z is from 1.5 to 3.5, preferably 2 to 3 or approx. 2, and w is from 35 to 9, preferably 2.5 to 6. The zeolite must be a monovalent cation exchange zeolite, i.e. it must be an aluminum silicate of a monovalent cation such as sodium or potassium.

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Crystalline zeolite types useful as good ion exchangers of the invention, at least in part, include zeolites of the following crystal structure groups: A, X, Y, L, murderite and erionite, among which types A, X and Y are preferred.

Mixtures of such types of molecular sieve zeolites may also be useful, especially when type A zeolite is present. These crystalline zeolite types are known in the art and are particularly described in the text Zeolite Molecular Sieves, by Donald W.

Breck, published in 1974 by John Wiley & Sons. Typically commercially available zeolites of the aforementioned structure type are given in Table 9.6 on pages 747-749 of the Breck text, which table is incorporated herein by reference. Suitable zeolites have also been described in many patents in recent years for use as detergent builders.

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Crystalline zeolites with non-ionic and water softening properties preferred are those which are in hydrated or water-based form containing bound water in an amount of from ca. 4% up to approx. 36% of the total zeolite weight, depending on the type of zeolite used, and is preferably hydrated to ca. 15 to 70% of their capabilities. Normally, the water content ranges from approx. 5 to 30%, preferably about 10 or 15 to 25%, such as 17 to 22%, e.g. 20%.

Preferably, the zeolite should be in a finely divided state where the final particle diameter is up to 20 microns, e.g.

0.005 or 0.01 to 20 microns, more preferably 0.01 to 15 microns, e.g. 3 to 12 microns, and especially preferably from 0.01 to 8 ml of medium sized, e.g. 3 to 7 ml, if crystalline, and 0.01 to 0.1 micron, e.g. .g.

0.01 to 0.05 micron if amorphous. Although the final particle sizes are lower, the zeolites will usually on the order of 100 to 400 sieves, preferably 140 to 325. However, they can sometimes be agglomerated separately or individually with spray dried cleaner particles to sizes such as those of the particles, e.g. ± 10 or 25%.

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Although sodium sulfate and sodium chloride and other filler salts have no builder properties, they are sometimes used in detergent compositions because of their filler characteristics, and sodium sulfate is particularly useful as an aid.

In addition to increasing the volume and weight of the product to facilitate measurement, they also improve the grain stability and physical properties of the detergent grains in which they are incorporated. Nevertheless, because the compositions of the present invention are satisfactory without the presence of any fillers, it is avoided that such whole or any present amount thereof may be merely minimal.

The softening clay, which is an essential component of the present cleaning agents, is of the type characterized as "bentonite". Bentonites are colloidal clays (aluminum silicates) containing montmorillonite. They are of different composition and can be obtained from natural deposits in many countries, including Italy, Spain, U.S.S.R., Canada and U.S.A. (especially Wyoming, Mississippi and Texas). The bentonites useful in accordance with the present invention are those having "lubricating" and dispersing properties which appear to have been associated with swelling ability in water. Although some bentonites, in principle those which may be characterized as calcium (or magnesium), bentonites, have low or negligible swelling capabilities, these can be converted to or "activated" so as to increase this swelling ability. Such conversion can be effected by appropriate treatment with alkaline material, preferably aqueous sodium carbonate solution, in a known manner, to introduce a monovalent metal such as an alkali metal, e.g. sodium (or potassium), in the clay structure instead of the divalent alkaline earth metal or magnesium. In addition to improving the swelling ability of the bentonite which benefits the fabric softening and dispersing ability, the treatment with the alkali metal carbonate solution of the non-swelling clay or poorly liquid clay will replace e.g. 5 to 100%, 10 to 90% or 15 to 50% of the exchangeable calcium and / or magnesium with sodium (or potassium), thereby improving the clay exchange capacity

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9 for ions affecting water hardness, such as calcium and magnesium ions. The resulting by-products, calcium carbonate and magnesium carbonate are left with the bentonite and appear to have desirable adjuvant properties in the final products. Any excess sodium carbonate can act as a builder in the final detergent.

Although the ion exchange capacity of bentonites has been mentioned in the patent literature as being relevant to the softening capacity, it is a feature of the present invention that a good fabric softener can be obtained with sodium bentonites having relatively low ion exchange capacities. Whether the swelling bentonite (also called sodium bentonite, as the interchangeable metal will in most cases be sodium) is obtained by the alkaline treatment of a non-swelling or poorly swelling bentonite, it can be used in the textiles concerned. - softening cleanser compositions. Treated Italian bentonite has proven to be particularly useful for European markets. Analysis of a typical Italian bentonite (after alkali treatment) shows that it contains 66.2% SiO 2, 17.9% Al 2 O 3, 2.80% MgO, 2.43% Na 2 O, 1.26% Fe 2 O 3, 1, 15% CaO, 0.14%

TiO 2 and 0.13% K 2 O. It is believed that if the Na2 content of the clay is at least approx. 0.5%, preferably at least 1% and more preferably at least 2% (the equivalent amount of K 2 O can also be taken into account), the clay will be satisfactorily suffocating for the purpose of the present invention with satisfactory softening and dipserging properties in aqueous suspension (the swelling of the bentonite facilitates the opening up of the bentonite agglomerate). While it is expected that various of the constituents of the treated swelling bentonites within the intervals of the typically indicated assays will result in useful components of the compositions of the present invention, it is also taken into account that typical assays of treated bentonites can be extended ± 10 %, with benton in the terns at the bottom of these limits still being useful. Furthermore, other swelling bentonites can be substituted, at least in part. Usually, the useful bentonites will have a swelling capacity of at least 1 or

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10 2 ml / g, or more preferably at least 5 or 10 ml / g. Of course, bentonites with higher swelling capacity will also be useful. Usually, the range for swelling will be from 5 to 30 ml / g and will often range from 5 to 20 ml / g.

5

The sodium bentonite or the swelling bentonite will be agglomerated before mixing with spray-dried, broth-containing detergent beads and any other additives after. Such agglomeration will be performed in known manner, such as using water or aqueous binder spray application for purified bentonite powder, extrusion, compression, pan agglomeration or other technique. However, it is highly desirable that the bentonite be in finely divided powder form before agglomerating, so that when the agglomerate is dissolved in the wash water, the bentonite particles will be sufficiently small to be effective lubricants when applied to the laundry. Therefore, it would usually be desirable, prior to the agglomeration, to substantially pass all the bentonic powder through a No. 100 sieve (Lf.S.

20 Sieve Series), having at least 99% passing such a sieve and a greater amount thereof passing a No. 200 sieve, preferably with less than 30% by weight of the particles unable to pass through such a sieve, and more preferably with no more than 20% remaining on such a sieve.

25 Of course, the final particle sizes are lower.

It is also important that the moisture content of the bentonite is important by promoting easy entrapment of bentonite agglomerates and dispersion in the wash water so that the small particles thereof can be adhered to 30 textile fibers to soften them. Although it is desirable to limit the free moisture content of the bentonite used to approx.

10% or so, with moisture content of about 15% not usually used, it is even more important to make sure that the bentonite includes sufficient free moisture, among which is widely considered to be present between adjacent bentonite slabs to facilitate rapid degradation of the bentonite, and any adjacent materials in the particles, when

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11 such particles or detergent compositions contain them, are contacted with water, such as wash water. It has been found that at least approx. 2%, preferably at least 3%, and most preferably about 2%. 4% or more of the water should be present in the bone-5 tonite (so-called "inner" moisture), and that the bentonite must not be dried so that less than such a weight portion of water, even briefly, is present therein. In other words, over-drying to the point where the bentonite loses its internal moisture can significantly diminish the utility of the present compositions. Preferred asphyxiating bentonites of the types described above are sold under the trademarks Laviosa and Winkelmann, e.g. "Laviosa" AGB and "Winkel mann" G 13, both of which are treated with Italian bentonite, and "Mineral Colloid" No. 101 (and other similar names) corresponding to "Thixo-Gel" Nos. 1, 2, 3 and 4 (negotiated by Benton Clay Company, a subsidiary of Georgia Kaolin CO.).

As will be described later, the bentonites treated will also preferably be substantially free of sand, preferably by being further treated by grinding to fine powder prior to agglomeration. The commercial bentonite used will usually have a pH in water (at a 6% concentration) in the range of 8 to 9.4, a maximum free moisture content of approx. 8%, a specific gravity of approx.

2.6 and a viscosity at a concentration of 10% in water, within the range of 5 to 30 centipoise, preferably 10 25 to 30 centipoise.

The water-soluble soap, which is a desired component of the present cleaning compositions, which has a useful foam-limiting effect in the wash water, and which is particularly advantageous for side-loaded or horizontal drum washing machines, is usually a higher fatty acid soap of alkali metal. , such as sodium or potassium, with sodium soaps being particularly preferred.

Such soaps are known and need no further description. Suffice it to mention that they can be prepared from natural fats and oils, such as from animal fats and fats, and from vegetable oils and seed oils, e.g. tallow, hydrogenated tallow, coconut oil, palm marrow oil and

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12 corresponding to "natural" and synthetic fatty acids, and usually containing from 10 to 24 carbon atoms, preferably 14 to 18 carbon atoms. Such soaps are preferably of hydrogenated tallow or hydrogenated tallow fatty acids, e.g. stearic acid.

The water-soluble soap which may be included in the present compositions will preferably be selected so as to achieve a desirable balance of good detergent properties, effective foam reducing effects and other good physical properties. Especially among these other physical properties, hardness, good adhesive ability and little or no tendency to produce adhesive gels under conditions of use (as in the washing machine in the guide room) are desirable.

Bleaching agents are usually contained in all the cleaning compositions of the invention, intended for use in "European design" atomic washing machines using very hot water (near the boiling point), since under such conditions effective and safe bleaching occurs. to desirable whiter, washed items. When the washing water temperature in the automatic washing machine is sufficiently high, sodium perborate is selected as bleach since the elevated temperature, especially when it is above 80 ° C, e.g. 90 ° C or 95 ° C, may cause decomposition of the perborate and release of the bleaching oxygen therefrom. Under such conditions, the sodium perborate, which is often referred to as sodium perborate trahydrate or sodium borate perhydrate, and which will usually have an active oxygen content of at least approx. 10%, the oxygen is released without the need to use an activating agent or a decomposing catalyst. When automatic washing at 30 low temperature is performed or if the product is intended for use outside the washing machine, either in cold water or hot water, e.g. at temperatures of 20 ° C to 60 ° C, the sodium perborate will not usually decompose sufficiently to bleach the fabrics being washed satisfactorily, and in such circumstances an activator or other bleaching agent is also usually employed with an activator. Many such systems are described in the literature, among which

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Thirteen belong to the class of peroxygen compounds such as persulfuric acid, peracetic acid, peracetic acid, perphthalic acid and perbenzoic acid and salts thereof such as alkali metal and alkaline earth metal salts, e.g. sodium and magnesium salts. Various activators for such agents are known which promote the controlled release of oxygen from them in hot and cold water systems. Included among such activators are heavy metal salts such as copper salts and various inorganic and organic compounds described in the art. Among the low temperature bleaching agents, magnesium dimonoperoxyphthalate is preferred. Of course, various other oxygen-releasing bleaching materials, such as hydroperoxides, can be used, and in the proper environment, chlorine-releasing bleaching materials can be incorporated into the present cleaning composition. While at some points 15 it may be considered whether it is unnecessary to incorporate a bleach into the cleanser composition, such a normal is used. Particularly in the present compositions, including agglomerated bentonite particles, the perborate may exert a whitening effect on sometimes decolorized bentonite which may otherwise be very clearly decolorized due to its larger agglomerated particle size. Even when the agglomerated bentonite is intentionally stained, the per-compound can help to "purify" the color by removing the base decolorization.

Various adjuvants may be present in the mixture from which the base grains or detergent compositions can be spray dried, or even such adjuvants may be added later, the additive being often determined by the physical properties of the adjuvant, its heat resistance to degradation in the aqueous soap medium and its volatility. Among the aids commonly used are enzyme powders or pills that are added to the base bed as they are heat sensitive. These can be of any variety of commercially available products, including "Alcalase" sold by Novo Industri A / S and "Maxatase", both of which are alkaline proteases (subtylisin). Among specific enzyme preparations that can be used are Novo "Alcalse" 2M (2 Anson units / g) and "Ma-

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Although the alkaline proteases are most commonly used, amylolytic enzymes such as α-amylase can also be used.

The compositions mentioned generally contain active enzymes in combination with an inert powdered carrier, such as sodium or calcium sulfate, and the amount of active enzyme can vary widely, usually from 2 to 80% in the commercial composition. In this specification, the amounts of enzyme compositions referred to are not the active portion thereof.

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Among the fluorescent brighteners, the most commonly used path 1 is leg brighteners, e.g. "Tinopal" 5 BM, especially in extra concentrated form. Among the stilbene compounds are the cotton clearing agents, such as those sometimes referred to as CC / DAS clearing agents, derived from the reaction product of cyanochloride and the disodium salt of diaminostibenedisulfonic acid, including reaction products thereof with respect to substituents in triazine rings. This class of detergents is known in the field of detergent and will most often be used when bleaching components are not present in the final product. When it is desired to include a bleaching agent in the detergent composition, such as sodium perborate or other oxidizing bleaching agents, bleaching stable clearing agents may be included in the blend of ground material. Among these are 25 benzidine sulfone disulfonic acids, naphthotriazolylsti-benzenesulfonic acids and benzimidazolyl derivatives. Polyamide clarifiers which may also be present include aminocoumarin or diphenylpyrazoline derivatives, and polyester clarifiers which may also be used, including naphthotriazolyl substitutes. Such clarifiers are usually used in the form of their soluble salts, e.g. sodium salts, but they can be incorporated in the form of the corresponding acids. The cotton clearing agents will usually comprise large quantities of the clearing systems used.

When it is desired for the product to be completely or partially colored, various suitable dyes and dispersible materials may be used.

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15 pigments are used. When blue dyes such as acilane blue or pigments such as ultramarine blue are used, they have their greatest effect in helping to color some or all of the detergent composition particles or particles of the detergent composition and help to make the laundry a desirable one. blue tone. Staining of agglomerated bentonite particles by suitable dyes or pigments may be particularly desirable, as natural bentonite can sometimes be colorless, so that the agglomerates can be formed from particles that look dirty relative to those of attractive color and appearance.

Perfumes used which are usually heat-sensitive and may contain volatiles, including a solvent such as alcohol or a suitable glycol or polyol or hydrocarbon, are usually of synthetic perfume materials, sometimes mixed with natural components, and will usually include alcohols, aldehydes, terpenes , fixatives and / or usually known perfume components.

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In addition to said adjuvants, there may also be agents for improving the flowability and antibonding materials used to prevent premature gelling of the mixture of formal materials, dispersing aids, antigen scavengers and in some cases additional plasticizers, e.g. cationic plasticizers such as quaternary ammonium halides, e.g. Dimethyldioctadecylammonium. Nevertheless, as previously stated, the cationic plasticizers will not normally be used, and if used, they will be added later.

Of course, water is present in the milled portion from which the spray-dried component of the present composition is prepared, serving as a means of dissolving or dispersing the various components of the spray-dried beds. Therefore, there is some water, both in the free and hydrated form in the product. Similarly, water can be used to agglomerate the bentonite and perborate powders. *

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While it may be preferable to use deionized water so that the content of curing ions thereof can be very low, so that metal ions which can promote the decomposition of any organic material present may be reduced, 5 urban or tap water can be used. instead, sometimes for financial and supply reasons, will be used separately.

Usually, the water content of the water will not be greater than about 300 parts per million, measured as calcium carbonate.

The amounts of the various components of the final product of the present invention will be such that they act as free-flowing, efficiently purifying, whiteness-producing, fabric softeners. The amount of anionic detergent will usually be from 3 to 10% of the final product, preferably 3 to 7% and more preferably 4 to 6%, e.g. 5%. Usually the content of nonionic detergent is from 1 to 8%, preferably 2 to 5%, e.g. 3 or 4%. The builder content will usually be in the range of 20 to 75%, preferably 30 to 50% (and one is often preferably a completely water-soluble bu in salt salt), and more preferably 30 to 40%, e.g. ca. 35%. As previously stated, sodium tripolyphosphate and NTA are preferred water-soluble builders, which may be the only builders used. When used in blending, the blend will preferably contain 25 from 10 to 90% of one, the rest of the other being such a builder, and within such ranges the preferred ratios may be 20 to 80% and 40 to 60%. and complementary percentages. Corresponding ranges of percentages are useful when the builder is a mixture of water-soluble builder salt and water-insoluble builder such as a zeolite.

The high performance fabric softening cleanser bentonite content, in the form of an agglomerate of finely divided bentonite powder particles, produces a satisfactory softening proportion 35 thereof, which will usually be in the range 5 to 25%, preferably 10 to 20%, more preferably 14 to 18%. , eg. ca. 16%. The amount of bleach will be within the range of

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However, it should be borne in mind that such amounts are based on the use of sodium perborate and will be modified when other oxidizing agents are used to obtain about the same bleaching effect (or content of active oxygen). When a fatty acid soap is present, its amount will usually not be greater than 10%. A preferred soap content range is from 2 to 6%, more preferably from 2 to 4%. The moisture content of the product, which does not include hydrate moisture which cannot be removed during the standard heating at 105 ° C for 2 hours, will usually range from 3 to 20%, with higher percentages thereof being allowed when a substantial amount of at least% and preferably at least half of the moisture is in hydrate form.

A preferred moisture content is from 5 to 17% and more preferably, the content is from 10 to 15%, e.g. 10%. Any moisture that cannot be removed by the standard sample mentioned above is considered to be part of the compound in which it is present as hydrate, e.g. a zeolite.

The total amount of various adjuvants which may also be present in the detergent composition will usually not exceed 20%, preferably limited to 15% and more preferably 10%. Since water-soluble sodium silicate has builder properties, especially with respect to its action against magnesium ions in hard water, the amount thereof is included in the total builder content. However, since it also acts as a binder, the amount present therein will be mentioned herein together with other aids for the present compositions. Usually it will not constitute more than 30% of the product with a normal range of 1 to 5%, preferably 2 to 4%, e.g. 3%. Sometimes, especially when the silicate content exceeds 3 or 4%, the residue will be added afterwards as an aqueous silicate to improve the flow properties. The content of filler salt such as sodium sulfate when present will also normally be limited to no more than 10% and will usually comprise from 0.5 to 5%, preferably 0.5 to 2%, e.g. 1 or 1.5% of the product. Procentde-

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the level of proteolytic enzyme used will normally be from 0.1 to 2%, preferably 0.2 to 1%, e.g., 0.3%, and the percentage of optical clarity dye will be from 0.1 to 2%, preferably 0 , 1 to 0.5%, e.g. ca. 0.2%. The perfume content will usually be from 0.05 to 2%, preferably 0.1 to 1%, and more preferably 0.2 to 0.5%, e.g. ca. Among other auxiliaries, it may sometimes be desirable to have small amounts of sequestrants or flow performance enhancers present. Among such materials, a preferred sequestering agent is diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid, magnesium salt, but other diethylenetriamine acetates may be substituted thereto. Magnesium silicate is a preferred flow enhancing agent which can also serve as a carrier for the sequestrants. Commercially, a mixture of such products is available, comprising 15% magnesium DTPA and 85%

When used, MgSi O 3 preferably amounts to from 0.1 to 1%, more preferably from 0.1 to 0.5%, e.g.

0.2%. Amounts of the sequestering agent (or stabilizer) may range from 0.01 to 0.2%, preferably 0.02 to 0.1%, and for the MgSiO 2 concentrations it is in the range of 0.1 to 0.9%, preferably 0.2 to 0.5%. Amounts of excipients used will be such that it is possible to achieve the purpose with which the excipient is incorporated in the detergent, but usually such amounts will not exceed 1 or 25% and often will be in the range 0.05 to 1. %.

In addition to the detergent containing synthetic organic detergent, builder, bentonite and bleach and soap and adjuvants, according to the present invention, detergents are disclosed wherein the bentonite is one from which undesirable grains have been removed and preferably one which has been converted. to an alkali metal bentonite by treating a bentonite containing a replaceable magnesium and / or calcium content with an alkali such as sodium carbonate solution. The bentonite used is characterized as being substantially grain-free, which means that it contains less than 1% grainy particles. The essentially grain-free bento-

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19 rivets used will usually contain less than 0.4% clear hard grain particles which are water insoluble and which are difficult to crush when applied to a hard surface and hit by a normal hammer blow. More preferably, less than 0.1% grainy material is present and the bentonite can be called grain-free. In the raw bentonite, when broken, the grain content can be as high as 15%, in some cases, although it will usually be less than 5%.

In order to remove the grains from the bentonite, treatment will be performed to increase the content of interchangeable monovalent cations, which will preferably be raised to at least 2% (such as Na 2 O) in such treatment. The treatment method and its advantages will then be addressed when the process aspects of the present invention are discussed.

15

For the preparation of the products of the present invention, known spray drying, agglomeration and mixing techniques (preferably all three) can be used. As such are not considered to be significant features of the invention, they are only briefly described herein. In the spray drying process, a mixture of ground material containing various desired components present in the spray dried beads is spray dried and sufficiently stable to withstand the grinding and spray drying operations, such as detergents, builders and suitable adjuvants, from an aqueous mixture of ground material, such as usually will contain from approx. 40 to approx. 70 or 75% solids, preferably 50 to 65% thereof, the remainder being water. The mixture of ground material may contain the anionic detergent and some or all of the non-ionic detergent, although usually no more than 5% of the non-ionic detergent (based on the final product) will be present in the ground material. (adding the rest, if any, afterwards). All the builder or mixer of builders will usually be added in the ground material, although this is not necessary. The bentonite powder is agglomerated separately and later added to the spray-dried product, often as colored (preferably blue) grains. Aqueous sieve

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Liquid dye, stable fluorescent dye, soap and filler salt are usually added to the ground substance together with any stable pigment and other dyes that may be used. Instead of adding a neutralized detergent, the grinding vessel can be used as a neutralizing container in which anionic organic detergent acid is neutralized with aqueous caustic. Such an acid may e.g. be dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid containing ca. 45 to 50% active ingredient which can be neutralized with aqueous sodium hydroxide solution. such as one containing 38% Na 2 O.

If the detergent acid is formed by sulfonation of alkyl benzene with sulfur trioxide, the content of the active ingredient of the acid may be as high as 99%. A higher fatty acid mixture can also be neutralized in the grinding vessel with the detergent acid to produce a desired mixture of higher fatty acid soap and detergent.

The mixture can be spray dried in a conventional spray tower 20 using either with or countercurrent. Usually, the mixture will have a temperature in the range of 20 to 80 ° C, preferably 40 to 70 ° C, and it will be spray dried in a tower wherein the drying air has a temperature of 200 to 400 ° C to produce spray-dried grains of particle sizes. in the range from No. 10 to No. 100 (US Sieve Series) aims. Any particle that is outside the desired range can be removed by sorting and can be re-treated. The grains may have a weight range of 0.3 to 0.6 g / ml, e.g. 0.5 g / ml. They have a moisture content in a range 30 which can be as wide as approx. 3 to 20%, but usually it will be approx. 10 to 15%.

After preparing the spray-dried portion of the compositions, other components thereof may be mixed with the grains or sprayed onto them (and on other components of the product if desired). It is usually preferred for bentonite, enzymes, bleach, and other particulate products such as

21 DK 160153B

those which, in powder, agglomerate or pi 11 form as it is contemplated, add to the spray-dried grains to be mixed with them, after which any liquids to be added may be sprayed onto the mixture. However, the order of addition of components may then be varied, and sometimes parts of the particulate material may be added after one or more of the liquids. Two or more of the particulate materials may be mixed prior to the subsequent addition and similarly mixtures of liquids 10 may also be made. Solvents may be used for various components to be added as liquids and in some cases emulsions may be used. In some cases, it may be desirable to stretch the perfume with a suitable solvent, such as an odorless alkylate (hydrocarbon) for comparison. When the nonionic detergent is added to (and it is preferred at the present time that all the nonionic detergent is added to the grinding vessel) it can be sprayed on or otherwise satisfactorily applied to the surface of the spray dried small grains, prior to mixing with other particulate matter. components. As previously stated, the liquid nonionic detergent can also be mixed with perfume to be sprayed on the product, in which case it may act as an emulsifier.

The apparatus for carrying out the various mixtures and sprays is known and accordingly, they will not be described in detail herein. Spraying can be done through conventional nozzles, usually with a wide spray range, but other types of spraying equipment can also be used.

The mixtures may be of different designs, but preferably include rotating, inclined tubes or drums in which the spraying may be carried out. However, V-shaped mixers, especially those designed with continuous feeding, and other commercial powder mixers may also be satisfactory.

22 DK 160153 B

The various mixing and spraying operations will usually take place at room temperature, but operations in the range of 10 to 40 ° C, preferably 20 to 30 ° C, are preferred. The particle size of the materials to be blended will usually be as in the finished product, within the # 10 to 100 or 200 sieve range (perborate and the enzyme ranges may be expanded to # 200). The agglomerated bentonite particles will be those resulting from agglomeration or packing of finer particles such as those of which more than 50% pass through a No. 200 screen. Such particles will be essentially grain-free sodium bentonites. They can be sprayed with a suitable dye or pigment such as Acilan Brilliant Blue FFR and various other suitable dyes. Sometimes the bentonite tag glomerates may be larger than the particles in the product, e.g. 10 to 50% larger in diameter, to highlight their difference. Although west or Wyoming bentonites can be used to form the agglomerates, the bentonite agglomerates will in many cases preferably be of sodium carbonate-treated bentonite (such treatment improves the color of discolored clay) and will contain magnesium carbonate and / or calcium carbonate therein, resulting from a such treatment.

The sodium carbonate treatment of the crude bentonite will be undertaken when the exchangeable sodium content of the bentonite is lower than what is desirable for satisfactory softening and agglomerate dispersing action of the bentonite when the agglomerated small grains thereof are added to the wash water.

For bentonite-interchangeable calcium and / or magnesium and insufficient exchangeable sodium, e.g. less than 0.5% as sodium oxide, the crude clay, containing hard grains, is in many cases milled or otherwise decomposed and treated with a suitable alkali, such as aqueous sodium carbonate, which may have a concentration in the range of 5 to 20 %. After contacting the clay for a suitable period, which may be from 1 hour to 24 hours, the mixture is dried, which still contains a free excess of sodium carbonate (usually 10 to 50%

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23 surplus to replace the interchangeable calcium and magnesium will be used). Usually, the dried material is often broken up into large cakes having a moisture content in the range of 2 to 15% and ground into particle form, with the particles 5 having diameters in the range of 0.8 to 8 mm. In this state, the bentonite can be sold commercially for those applications where the grain content is insignificant. However, when the bentonite contains inadvertent amounts of grain, it is further reduced in size to particles smaller than a No. 100 sieve in size and by at least 50% thereof less than a No.

200 sieve. They are therefore subjected to centifugal separation or other density sensitive separation techniques, e.g. precipitation via gravity, but preferably a cyclone separator is used. The sand is removed and its concentration in the product is reduced to less than 2%, e.g. below 0.4%. Subsequently, the bentonite, which is now essentially free of sand, grain and with sufficient exchangeable sodium, is agglomerated to be a useful component of the softening detergent products of the present invention to particles within the desired size by a suitable method such as one of the above described herein.

The products and methods of the present invention exhibit many advantages, among which several are already mentioned. With respect to the products, the resultant detergent compositions are excellent whitening laundry detergents and effectively soften laundered laundry as established by comparative tests against similar compositions not containing bentonite.

30

The products are satisfactory free of sound, non-dusty and have a desired weight and attractive appearance. The bentonite helps to make the washed laundry feel softer by touch, but does not cause any adverse hydrophobic properties in the washed materials. It has been found that bone tonites can sometimes even increase the moisture absorption ratio of textiles and act as a builder for cleansers and

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24 kite with stain-removing properties. Eg. it turns out that nine parts of bentonite corresponds to approx. some sodium tripolyphosphate as a builder for organic cleansers. Apparently, due to its plate-like structure, the last bentonite particles held in the fibers of the laundry act as lubricants for such fibers, thereby making them feel soft. Because the particles are so small in size and seem to have desirable optical characteristics, they do not bleach or discolor the fabrics to which they are attached, and deposits thereof accumulate on the fabrics to an unfortunate extent despite repeated washing with bentonite-containing detergents and compositions.

The bentonite agglomerates readily dissociate in the wash water, especially in very hot wash water, and this dissociation may be followed by an oxygen release from the bleach such as sodium perborate. The agglomerates can be water-absorbent with respect to the per-compound without being bound to other particles in the cleaning composition, at least when only relatively small amounts of moisture are present from the outside. In this way, the bentoni tag glomerates can help stabilize the per-compound and help prevent cake formation of such materials and spray-dried small grains in which the majority of the other components are present. While it may sometimes be desirable to coat the perborates and enzymes with other materials to stabilize them and prevent their interaction with other detergent components in the present compositions, it has not been found necessary. Furthermore, with the bentonite in the agglomerated particles which do not contain other product components, it is more accessible for moisture absorption and apparently has a greater anti-caking effect than would have been the case if spray drying with the other detergent components had occurred. Therefore, when bentonite is spray dried with other detergent components, it may lose some of its softening power, and this makes the present invention often preferred. Nevertheless, it may be at certain times

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It is desirable to use a portion of the bentonite, e.g. up to half thereof, in which case it will be present in the spray-dried bearings and may help to rapidly decompose them in the wash water. Nevertheless, it has been found that such spray dried beds which do not contain bentonite dissociate sufficiently rapidly when they have particle sizes specified herein, so that no "international" benton in t is necessary. The perborate, detergent and bui 1 der components may appear to interact with the bentonite 10 in preparing the placement of the softening particles on the fabric laundry. These locations are thereby purified physically and chemically, which may improve their ability to retain bentonite. Thus, it is seen that the various components of the present compositions can cooperate so as to enhance their softening, cleansing and whiteness effects.

The following examples illustrate the invention. Unless otherwise indicated, all parts are by weight and all temperatures 20 are in ° C.

Example 1

A mixture of a total of 100 parts is prepared by reacting 25 11.38 parts of dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid ("Dobane" JNQ (48.8% active ingredient)) and 5.22 parts of hydrogenated fatty acid (16 to 18 carbon atoms per mole of fatty acid) with 1 47 parts caustic soda (38% Na 2 O) in an aqueous medium containing an appropriate amount (to maintain the reaction) of 29.75 parts by-water 30 (300 ppm hardness, such as CaCO 3). The remainder of the water is used to cool the reaction mixture as desired and to rejuvenate other components of the mixture. Next, 7.56 parts of aqueous sodium ilicate solution (Na 2 O: SiO 2 = 1: 2.4) is added to the mixture at a concentration of 44.1%, 0.23 parts 35 of a fluorescent stilbene type clarifier, 0.22 parts "Sydex" 808 (85% MgSiO3 and 15% magnesium DTPA), 39.14 parts hydrated sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP "H"), 1.69 parts

DK 160153 B

26 anhydrous sodium sulfate (99.5% pure) and 33.34 parts of a nonionic detergent which can be considered as the concentration product of 11 moles of ethylene oxide with 1 mole of higher fatty alcohol with 12 to 15 carbon atoms per liter. moth.

5

The mixture is heated for approx. 1 hour with stirring to raise its temperature to approx. 55eC, after which it is pumped to a spray dryer, where it is sprayed at elevated pressure through several spray nozzles for drying air at a temperature of approx. 300 ° C.

The result is particles with a moisture content of approx. 12%, most of which are within the No. 10 to No. 100 target range. Particles outside this range are sorted.

53.1 parts of the spray dried powder (room weight about 0.4 g / ml) is then mixed with 0.3 parts proteolytic enzyme ("Alcalase" with 2 Anson units per gram, however, "Maxatase" P 440,000 can be substituted ), 20 parts of granular sodium perborate and 15 parts of agglomerated bentonite. All such powders have particle sizes within the spray-dried detergent component, but less than 20 enzyme particles and perborates can also be used, down to approx. 200. The bentonite particles are composed of 82.3 parts of anhydrous bentonite, 16.1 parts of water, 1.5 parts of sodium silicate (previously described) and 0.06 parts of "Acilan Brilliant Blue" dye, the dye being applied to the surface of the particles. The -25 tonite particles are formed by agglomerating more finely divided bentonite particles ("Laviosa" AGB) with the dilute sodium silica solution (in the water) and then staining. replacing calcium and magnesium therein with sodium, and from which a natural sandy material content is removed after treatment by centrifugal separation, such treatment methods for bentonite will be described in the following in this example The moisture content of suitable bentonites can be varied and as low as 3 % when mixed with other 35 components of the present emollient cleaner.

To mix spray-dried beads, enzymes, perborates and colored bentonite particles in a pouring drum mixer, spray

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27 containing 0.5 parts non-ionic detergent and 0.25 parts detergent perfume. The spraying is controlled so that the sprayed liquid evenly coats the particles in the mixer or cleaning drum to form approx. 100 parts uniform product.

5

The final product has particle sizes within the range of No. 10 to No. 60 sieve, a space weight of approximately 0.5 g / ml and a moisture content of approx. 12% (although, on standing, it can be reduced to about 8 to 10%). The resulting special textile 10 to 1 softening agent is non-dusty, free-flowing and has an attractive appearance with somewhat wider (mean 20 to 200% more in diameter) blue agglomerated bentonite particles which is in contrast to the other white particles. While the spray-dried beds and the bentonite agglomerates are different, the perforates and enzymes, especially when particles thereof are of the order of magnitude in the lower part of the indicated range, may appear to mix with the other beds and thus improve the presence of enzyme. However, they are not agglomerated and, if not separately, can be easily separated from the other particles and 20 from each other.

When the product described is subjected to practical washing experiments, it turns out to be an excellent detergent with desirable text in softening properties.

In limiting the above processes, the anionic detergent is replaced by equal amounts of weight, respectively, of sodium! auryl sulphate, sodium hydrogenated number gallic carbon sulphate and sodium tallow alcohol polyethoxy (3Et0) sulphate. Alternatively, 30 mixtures of such materials are used, e.g. equal parts sodium dodecylbenzene sul phonate and sodium hydrogenated tallow alcohol sul fat together. In all such cases, the resulting detergent is one which is an excellent fabric softening detergent. Similar results can also be obtained when the nonionic detergent is changed in place of the anionic detergent by being replaced by a block copolymer of propylene oxide and ethylene oxide, such as "Pluronic" L-44 or L-62, nonyphenylpolyoxy-DK 160153 B in 28 µl of ethylene (12 EtO) glycol or a condensation product of O₂-ΐ5 fatty alcohol 3 or 7 moles of ethylene oxide per mole or with a mixture of two or more of such cleaners, for example in equal proportions. the sodium tripolyphosphate 5 is replaced by the NTA, the final product is also a satisfactory cleanser with emollient properties.

When the soap is omitted from the agent, a diminished foam cushioning is obtained, but in addition the product is acceptable and is like the 10 previously described. When the sodium perborate is replaced by other bleaching agents such as sodium persulfate, sodium perisophthalate or magnesium dimonoperoxyphthalate, good bleaching and purifying properties of the product are still obtained. When the bleach is omitted, the resulting detergent composition is incapable of similarly whitening laundry or removing stains. When known oxidizing activators are present, the bleaching can be performed using the agent at temperatures lower than those near the boiling point (which is normally used in the methods of this example to achieve maximum bleaching activity). When it is desired to include more silicate in the product, the amount of silicate is doubled by the addition of aqueous sodium silicate particles together with the upper particulate solids added later. In a variation of the method, only the perfume is sprayed onto the mixture with the non-ionic detergent, all of which is incorporated into the soap mixer.

The bentonite agglomerates used in this example are essentially regular spheres, consisting mainly of benzonite with a small amount of sieve 1 ikat binder and with a blue-dye dye on the surface thereof. To prepare them, an Italian clay having a low amount of interchangeable sodium is processed to increase the sodium content, swellability and softening effects. To begin with, such a clay is crushed, containing a smaller amount, e.g. ca. 3% hard, black, sandy mineral, and particle size is reduced so that the particles from there can pass through a No. 4 sieve,

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29 after which they are treated with a surplus, e.g. 50% excess of the sodium carbonate solution, such as one having a concentration of approx. 10%. The mixture is left with intermediate stirring periods at a time suitable for reaction, such as ca. 4 hours at which time sufficient ion exchange between the exchangeable calcium and magnesium from the clay has occurred, so a typical analysis thereof is that given for Italian bentonite (after alkaline treatment), mentioned earlier in this specification. In such a treatment 10, the Na2 content of the clay is substantially increased (about 2%), and the MgO and CaO contents are reduced by similar amounts. The clay is then dried, e.g. to a moisture content of approx. 5%, after which the size is reduced to particles desirably smaller than a No. 100 sieve (although larger particles may sometimes be present) and subjected to centrifugal air separation in a cyclone separator (although size separation techniques may also be used) to remove the grains of sand. The bentonite without hard grains containing less than 0.1% hard grains, having a swelling capacity of approx. 5 ml / g and having a viscosity of approx. 15 centipoise at a 6% concentration in water and a moisture content of approx. 7% are then agglomerated by the method described herein, spraying the dilute sodium silicate solution onto the surfaces of the moving particles while swirling in a sloping drum. The drum treatment is continued until the particles have reached the desired size and are sufficiently rounded. At the end of the drum processing time which can last up to an hour on average, a dilute dye solution is sprayed onto the small grains to color them and they are ready to be mixed with the other components to form a final cleansing product.

Example 2 An effective softening cleanser similar to the agent of the first composition of Example 1 is prepared from a soap blend preparation of 10.24 parts of dodecylbenzene sulphonic acid,

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2.81 parts hydrogenated fatty acid, 0.81 parts caustic soda, 26.54 parts water, 37.2 parts pentane sodium tripolyphosphate (hydrated), 6.8 parts sodium silicate solution, 0.21 parts fluorescent clarifier, 1.46 parts sodium sulphate and 3.0 parts 5 non-ionic detergent are added in order. This is spray dried by the method described in Example 1 to form 62.5 parts of a product of similar bulk weight and particle size. The spray-dried particles are then mixed with 0.3 parts of proteolytic enzyme, 20.0 parts of sodium perborate 10 grain, 16.0 parts of the agglomerated bentonite and 0.2 parts of "Sydex" 808, and for the drum powder mixture a mixture of 0 , 3 parts of cleanser perfume and 0.4 parts of Cio-13 straight chain alkylate.

15 When the "Acilan Blue" dye used to color the bone-tonite agglomerates is replaced by ultramarine blue, good coloring and blue-tinting effects are also obtained.

Example 3 20 When the amounts of the various components of the previous examples are limited to ± 10%, ± 20% and ± 30 percent, being maintained within the previously determined ranges and keeping the ratios of anionic and nonionic detergents in -25 the area from approx. 1: 1 to 3: 1, the ratio of total cleaner content to builder content in the range of approx.

1: 3 to 1: 8 and the ratio of bentonite to total amount of detergent in the range of approx. 1: 1 to 2: 1, products having properties similar to those described in Example 1 are obtained. This is also the case when the water-soluble salts of Example 1 are replaced with zeolite A (20% hydrated) and when any of several synthetic anionic and nonionic detergents are used in admixture, optionally with an amphoteric detergent such as a of the "Miranol" type. In addition, the bentonite tag glomerate detergent composition and its components may have different densities (0.2 to 0.9 g / ml) and sizes (no.

10-40 sieve).

Claims (2)

1. High performance, bleaching and textile soaking particulate detergent for washing clothes in water containing 3-10% by weight sodium salt of a synthetic, organic, anionic detergent consisting of sulfonates or sulfates or mixtures thereof, 1-8% by weight non-ionic detergent, 0-10% by weight water-soluble alkali metal soap, 20-75% by weight builder for the synthetic organic detergent, 5-35% by weight bleach which releases oxygen in aqueous solution at elevated temperature, and 5-25% by weight % agglomerated bentonite particles produced by size reduction of naturally occurring bentonite having a low swelling capacity and containing interchangeable calcium and / or magnesium and grained material, characterized in that the bentonite particles are reacted with sodium and / or potassium carbonate to replace at least a portion of the bentonite calcium and / or magnesium with sodium and / or potassium and then dried and reduced in size with subsequent separation of 20 bentonites ten from the granular material and agglomeration of the bone tonite to particle sizes in the range of 149 μα to 2 mm. Detergent according to claim 1, characterized in that the bentonite obtained has a moisture content of at least 3% and muds in water with a swelling capacity of at least 5 ml / g. 30 35