DK0491391T3 - Vandbehandlingsmiddel - Google Patents
VandbehandlingsmiddelInfo
- Publication number
- DK0491391T3 DK0491391T3 DK91121737.0T DK91121737T DK0491391T3 DK 0491391 T3 DK0491391 T3 DK 0491391T3 DK 91121737 T DK91121737 T DK 91121737T DK 0491391 T3 DK0491391 T3 DK 0491391T3
- Authority
- DK
- Denmark
- Prior art keywords
- water treatment
- treatment agent
- persulphate
- ethylenic
- alcohols
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 title 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title 1
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000007942 carboxylates Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- JRKICGRDRMAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-L persulfate group Chemical group S(=O)(=O)([O-])OOS(=O)(=O)[O-] JRKICGRDRMAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract 1
- OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorous acid Chemical compound OP(O)O OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- TVDSBUOJIPERQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-yn-1-ol Chemical compound OCC#C TVDSBUOJIPERQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/28—Phosphorus compounds with one or more P—C bonds
- C07F9/38—Phosphonic acids [RP(=O)(OH)2]; Thiophosphonic acids ; [RP(=X1)(X2H)2(X1, X2 are each independently O, S or Se)]
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/37—Polymers
- C11D3/3746—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C11D3/3784—(Co)polymerised monomers containing phosphorus
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F5/00—Softening water; Preventing scale; Adding scale preventatives or scale removers to water, e.g. adding sequestering agents
- C02F5/08—Treatment of water with complexing chemicals or other solubilising agents for softening, scale prevention or scale removal, e.g. adding sequestering agents
- C02F5/10—Treatment of water with complexing chemicals or other solubilising agents for softening, scale prevention or scale removal, e.g. adding sequestering agents using organic substances
- C02F5/14—Treatment of water with complexing chemicals or other solubilising agents for softening, scale prevention or scale removal, e.g. adding sequestering agents using organic substances containing phosphorus
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/28—Phosphorus compounds with one or more P—C bonds
- C07F9/38—Phosphonic acids [RP(=O)(OH)2]; Thiophosphonic acids ; [RP(=X1)(X2H)2(X1, X2 are each independently O, S or Se)]
- C07F9/3804—Phosphonic acids [RP(=O)(OH)2]; Thiophosphonic acids ; [RP(=X1)(X2H)2(X1, X2 are each independently O, S or Se)] not used, see subgroups
- C07F9/3808—Acyclic saturated acids which can have further substituents on alkyl
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/28—Phosphorus compounds with one or more P—C bonds
- C07F9/38—Phosphonic acids [RP(=O)(OH)2]; Thiophosphonic acids ; [RP(=X1)(X2H)2(X1, X2 are each independently O, S or Se)]
- C07F9/3804—Phosphonic acids [RP(=O)(OH)2]; Thiophosphonic acids ; [RP(=X1)(X2H)2(X1, X2 are each independently O, S or Se)] not used, see subgroups
- C07F9/3839—Polyphosphonic acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/36—Organic compounds containing phosphorus
- C11D3/361—Phosphonates, phosphinates or phosphonites
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
- C23F11/00—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent
- C23F11/08—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent in other liquids
- C23F11/10—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent in other liquids using organic inhibitors
- C23F11/167—Phosphorus-containing compounds
- C23F11/1676—Phosphonic acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
- C23F14/00—Inhibiting incrustation in apparatus for heating liquids for physical or chemical purposes
- C23F14/02—Inhibiting incrustation in apparatus for heating liquids for physical or chemical purposes by chemical means
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Sorption (AREA)
- Preventing Corrosion Or Incrustation Of Metals (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
- Road Signs Or Road Markings (AREA)
- Dental Preparations (AREA)
- Removal Of Specific Substances (AREA)
- Compounds Of Unknown Constitution (AREA)
- Polymers With Sulfur, Phosphorus Or Metals In The Main Chain (AREA)
- Physical Water Treatments (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB909027357A GB9027357D0 (en) | 1990-12-18 | 1990-12-18 | Water treatment agent |
| GB919109861A GB9109861D0 (en) | 1991-05-08 | 1991-05-08 | Water treatment agent |
| GB919123501A GB9123501D0 (en) | 1991-11-06 | 1991-11-06 | Water treatment agent |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DK0491391T3 true DK0491391T3 (da) | 1996-05-28 |
| DK0491391T4 DK0491391T4 (da) | 2002-06-17 |
Family
ID=27265405
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DK91121737T DK0491391T4 (da) | 1990-12-18 | 1991-12-18 | Vandbehandlingsmiddel |
Country Status (18)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0491391B2 (da) |
| JP (2) | JP2833895B2 (da) |
| KR (1) | KR100249658B1 (da) |
| AT (1) | ATE137756T1 (da) |
| AU (2) | AU667295B2 (da) |
| BR (1) | BR9105481A (da) |
| CA (1) | CA2057822C (da) |
| DE (1) | DE69119377T3 (da) |
| DK (1) | DK0491391T4 (da) |
| ES (1) | ES2090222T5 (da) |
| FI (1) | FI111260B (da) |
| GB (1) | GB2252322B (da) |
| GR (1) | GR3020264T3 (da) |
| MX (1) | MX262621B (da) |
| MY (1) | MY107669A (da) |
| NO (1) | NO303017B1 (da) |
| SG (1) | SG54156A1 (da) |
| TW (1) | TW226983B (da) |
Families Citing this family (34)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE69322435T2 (de) * | 1992-04-16 | 1999-06-02 | Albright & Wilson Uk Ltd | Mittel zur Wasserbehandlung |
| EP0634460A2 (en) | 1993-07-13 | 1995-01-18 | ALBRIGHT & WILSON UK LIMITED | Anticorrosive pigments |
| CN1104222A (zh) * | 1993-12-24 | 1995-06-28 | 化学工业部天津化工研究院 | 膦羧酸共聚化合物 |
| US5516432A (en) * | 1994-11-21 | 1996-05-14 | Rohm And Haas Company | Method for prevention of scale formation in aqueous systems |
| GB9610112D0 (en) * | 1996-05-15 | 1996-07-24 | Albright & Wilson | Water treatment compositions |
| GB9703951D0 (en) * | 1997-02-26 | 1997-04-16 | Albright & Wilson Uk Ltd | Novel phosphino derivatives |
| AU736266B2 (en) * | 1997-12-23 | 2001-07-26 | Rhodia Consumer Specialties Limited | Biocidal compositions and treatments |
| DE19804124A1 (de) * | 1998-02-03 | 1999-08-05 | Bayer Ag | Phosphorhaltige Verbindungen auf Basis der 1-Hydroxypropan-1,3-diphosphonsäure |
| US6207079B1 (en) * | 1999-01-28 | 2001-03-27 | Ashland Inc. | Scale and/or corrosion inhibiting composition |
| AU5852801A (en) * | 2000-05-05 | 2001-11-20 | Rhodia Consumer Specialties Limited | Scale and corrosion inhibitors |
| US6989035B2 (en) | 2001-10-18 | 2006-01-24 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Textile finishing composition and methods for using same |
| US7169742B2 (en) | 2001-10-18 | 2007-01-30 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Process for the manufacture of polycarboxylic acids using phosphorous containing reducing agents |
| US7144431B2 (en) | 2001-10-18 | 2006-12-05 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Textile finishing composition and methods for using same |
| US7018422B2 (en) | 2001-10-18 | 2006-03-28 | Robb Richard Gardner | Shrink resistant and wrinkle free textiles |
| US6841198B2 (en) | 2001-10-18 | 2005-01-11 | Strike Investments, Llc | Durable press treatment of fabric |
| US7008457B2 (en) | 2001-10-18 | 2006-03-07 | Mark Robert Sivik | Textile finishing composition and methods for using same |
| GB0214711D0 (en) * | 2002-06-26 | 2002-08-07 | Rhodia Cons Spec Ltd | Novel phosphonocarboxylic acid esters |
| GB0301975D0 (en) * | 2003-01-29 | 2003-02-26 | Rhodia Cons Spec Ltd | Treating slurries |
| GB0305202D0 (en) * | 2003-03-07 | 2003-04-09 | Rhodia Cons Spec Ltd | Scale inhibitor |
| DE10342632A1 (de) * | 2003-09-15 | 2005-04-07 | Henkel Kgaa | Maschinelle Geschirrspülmittel mit speziellen Polymeren |
| GB0402395D0 (en) * | 2004-02-03 | 2004-03-10 | Rhodia Cons Spec Ltd | Synergistic biocidal compositions |
| GB0420987D0 (en) * | 2004-09-22 | 2004-10-20 | Rhodia Consumer Specialities L | Aminophosphinate polymers |
| US20080169243A1 (en) * | 2007-01-11 | 2008-07-17 | Dave Bhasker B | Method of inhibiting scale formation and deposition in desalination systems |
| US8211835B2 (en) | 2009-09-24 | 2012-07-03 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Composition and method for slickwater application |
| US9994799B2 (en) | 2012-09-13 | 2018-06-12 | Ecolab Usa Inc. | Hard surface cleaning compositions comprising phosphinosuccinic acid adducts and methods of use |
| US9023784B2 (en) * | 2012-09-13 | 2015-05-05 | Ecolab Usa Inc. | Method of reducing soil redeposition on a hard surface using phosphinosuccinic acid adducts |
| US9752105B2 (en) | 2012-09-13 | 2017-09-05 | Ecolab Usa Inc. | Two step method of cleaning, sanitizing, and rinsing a surface |
| US8871699B2 (en) | 2012-09-13 | 2014-10-28 | Ecolab Usa Inc. | Detergent composition comprising phosphinosuccinic acid adducts and methods of use |
| US9074162B1 (en) | 2014-02-07 | 2015-07-07 | Ecolab Usa Inc. | Detergent compositions comprising vinylidene diphosphonic acid polymers |
| US9133418B1 (en) | 2014-04-07 | 2015-09-15 | Ecolab Usa Inc. | Non-silicated high alkaline cleaner with aluminum protection |
| US9752237B2 (en) | 2014-05-29 | 2017-09-05 | Ecolab Usa Inc. | Control of sugar evaporator scale using sugar or sugar moieties |
| EP3589778A4 (en) * | 2017-02-28 | 2020-12-09 | Ecolab USA Inc. | ALKALINE CLEANING COMPOSITION CONSISTING OF HYDROXYPHOSPHONO-CARBOXYLIC ACID AND METAL CORROSION REDUCTION METHODS |
| EP3711486A1 (en) | 2019-03-19 | 2020-09-23 | Rhodia Operations | Biocidal compositions including a phosphonium quaternary cationic surfactant and methods for using same |
| EP3711485A1 (en) | 2019-03-19 | 2020-09-23 | Rhodia Operations | Synergistic biocidal compositions and methods for using same |
Family Cites Families (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SE350402B (da) * | 1965-12-08 | 1972-10-30 | Procter & Gamble | |
| PH9776A (en) * | 1967-12-11 | 1976-03-17 | M Francis | Compositions for inhibiting anomalous deposition and mobilization of calcium phosphate in animal tissue and method of use |
| US3584035A (en) * | 1967-12-27 | 1971-06-08 | Procter & Gamble | Aliphatic vicinal polyphosphonic acids,lower alkyl esters,water soluble salts thereof and process for preparing same |
| DE1963014B2 (de) * | 1969-12-16 | 1976-11-18 | Hoechst Ag, 6000 Frankfurt | Verfahren zur herstellung von alkanphosphonsaeurediestern |
| US3755504A (en) * | 1970-08-26 | 1973-08-28 | Procter & Gamble | Butane-1,2,3,4-tetraphosphonic lower alkyl esters and process for same |
| US3743688A (en) * | 1970-10-21 | 1973-07-03 | Procter & Gamble | Process for preparing propane triphosphonic lower alkyl esters |
| SE400563B (sv) * | 1973-06-29 | 1978-04-03 | Hoechst Ag | Oligokarboxi-alkan-fosfonsyror |
| US4127483A (en) * | 1974-06-11 | 1978-11-28 | Ciba Geigy (Uk) Limited | Treatment of aqueous systems |
| GB1458235A (en) * | 1974-06-11 | 1976-12-08 | Ciba Geigy Uk Ltd | Inhibiting scale formation in aqueous systems |
| GB1521440A (en) * | 1976-07-01 | 1978-08-16 | Nalco Chemical Co | Method of producing phosphinico substituted aliphatic carboxylic acids |
| US4183879A (en) * | 1978-07-13 | 1980-01-15 | Scm Corporation | Diphosphonic acids and esters of para-menthane |
| DE3142517A1 (de) * | 1981-10-27 | 1983-05-05 | Chemische Fabrik Budenheim Rudolf A. Oetker, 6501 Budenheim | Verfahren zur herstellung eines phosphonsaeuregemisches |
| US4590014A (en) * | 1984-09-06 | 1986-05-20 | Economics Laboratory, Inc. | Synthesis of alkyl phosphinate salts |
| JPH01268695A (ja) * | 1988-04-18 | 1989-10-26 | Meiji Seika Kaisha Ltd | ２−アルコキシカルボニルエチルホスフィン酸及びその製法 |
| GB8822144D0 (en) * | 1988-09-21 | 1988-10-26 | Ciba Geigy Ag | Compounds |
| FR2668506B1 (fr) * | 1990-10-30 | 1993-02-12 | Hoechst France | Applications de derives d'acides alkanepolycarboxyliques comme agents de reticulation de la cellulose, nouveaux derives et apprets textiles. |
-
1991
- 1991-12-17 CA CA002057822A patent/CA2057822C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-12-17 AU AU89784/91A patent/AU667295B2/en not_active Expired
- 1991-12-17 BR BR919105481A patent/BR9105481A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-12-18 JP JP3335070A patent/JP2833895B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-12-18 MY MYPI91002337A patent/MY107669A/en unknown
- 1991-12-18 ES ES91121737T patent/ES2090222T5/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-12-18 DE DE69119377T patent/DE69119377T3/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-12-18 AT AT91121737T patent/ATE137756T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-12-18 EP EP91121737A patent/EP0491391B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-12-18 GB GB9126859A patent/GB2252322B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-12-18 MX MX9502287A patent/MX262621B/es unknown
- 1991-12-18 NO NO915002A patent/NO303017B1/no not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-12-18 SG SG1996002765A patent/SG54156A1/en unknown
- 1991-12-18 KR KR1019910023369A patent/KR100249658B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-12-18 DK DK91121737T patent/DK0491391T4/da active
- 1991-12-18 FI FI915967A patent/FI111260B/fi active
- 1991-12-30 TW TW080110254A patent/TW226983B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1995
- 1995-05-16 AU AU20092/95A patent/AU2009295A/en not_active Abandoned
-
1996
- 1996-06-19 GR GR960401643T patent/GR3020264T3/el unknown
-
1997
- 1997-08-13 JP JP21877597A patent/JP3225213B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
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