DE3232486C2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- DE3232486C2 DE3232486C2 DE3232486A DE3232486A DE3232486C2 DE 3232486 C2 DE3232486 C2 DE 3232486C2 DE 3232486 A DE3232486 A DE 3232486A DE 3232486 A DE3232486 A DE 3232486A DE 3232486 C2 DE3232486 C2 DE 3232486C2
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- emulsion
- oil
- treatment liquid
- volume
- polymer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 57
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 229920002851 polycationic polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylamine Chemical compound CNC ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000000954 2-hydroxyethyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])O[H] 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007762 w/o emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- BRLQWZUYTZBJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Epichlorohydrin Chemical compound ClCC1CO1 BRLQWZUYTZBJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 12
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 12
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 9
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 4
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NNCOOIBIVIODKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;hypochlorous acid Chemical compound [Al].ClO NNCOOIBIVIODKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 2
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000004990 Smectic liquid crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010306 acid treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920006317 cationic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008398 formation water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- CMOAHYOGLLEOGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxozirconium;dihydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.Cl.[Zr]=O CMOAHYOGLLEOGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006068 polycondensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Borate Chemical compound [O-]B([O-])[O-] BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- XZMCDFZZKTWFGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanamide Chemical compound NC#N XZMCDFZZKTWFGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010067482 No adverse event Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 125000002723 alicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001540 azides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011148 calcium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003093 cationic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007859 condensation product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001934 delay Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000994 depressogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009931 harmful effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- -1 hydrogen ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydrogensulfate Chemical compound OS([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanol Natural products OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 230000001617 migratory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002892 organic cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/56—Compositions for consolidating loose sand or the like around wells without excessively decreasing the permeability thereof
- C09K8/565—Oil-based compositions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/02—Well-drilling compositions
- C09K8/32—Non-aqueous well-drilling compositions, e.g. oil-based
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/60—Compositions for stimulating production by acting on the underground formation
- C09K8/607—Compositions for stimulating production by acting on the underground formation specially adapted for clay formations
- C09K8/608—Polymer compositions
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S507/00—Earth boring, well treating, and oil field chemistry
- Y10S507/925—Completion or workover fluid
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S507/00—Earth boring, well treating, and oil field chemistry
- Y10S507/935—Enhanced oil recovery
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
- Colloid Chemistry (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Sorption (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US06/310,166 US4460483A (en) | 1981-10-09 | 1981-10-09 | Methods and hydrocarbon base treating fluids for stabilizing water sensitive clay containing formations |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE3232486A1 DE3232486A1 (de) | 1983-04-21 |
| DE3232486C2 true DE3232486C2 (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html) | 1990-05-03 |
Family
ID=23201281
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19823232486 Granted DE3232486A1 (de) | 1981-10-09 | 1982-09-01 | Behandlungsfluessigkeit und behandlungsverfahren zur stabilisierung wasserempfindlicher, tonhaltiger unterirdischer formationen |
Country Status (7)
Families Citing this family (24)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4558741A (en) * | 1984-02-28 | 1985-12-17 | Halliburton Company | Methods of minimizing fines migration in subterranean formations |
| US4563292A (en) * | 1984-08-02 | 1986-01-07 | Halliburton Company | Methods for stabilizing fines contained in subterranean formations |
| US4536303A (en) * | 1984-08-02 | 1985-08-20 | Halliburton Company | Methods of minimizing fines migration in subterranean formations |
| US4536305A (en) * | 1984-09-21 | 1985-08-20 | Halliburton Company | Methods for stabilizing swelling clays or migrating fines in subterranean formations |
| US4536304A (en) * | 1984-09-21 | 1985-08-20 | Halliburton Company | Methods of minimizing fines migration in subterranean formations |
| US4703803A (en) * | 1986-06-24 | 1987-11-03 | Cities Service Oil & Gas Corporation | Composition and method for slowly dissolving siliceous material |
| US4693639A (en) * | 1986-06-25 | 1987-09-15 | Halliburton Company | Clay stabilizing agent preparation and use |
| US4747728A (en) * | 1986-08-25 | 1988-05-31 | International Technology Corporation | Method for distributing an aqueous solution containing a peroxygen in clay |
| US5160642A (en) * | 1990-05-25 | 1992-11-03 | Petrolite Corporation | Polyimide quaternary salts as clay stabilization agents |
| US5211239A (en) * | 1992-02-13 | 1993-05-18 | Clearwater, Inc. | Method of maintaining subterranean formation permeability and inhibiting clay swelling |
| US7507694B2 (en) * | 2004-03-12 | 2009-03-24 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Surfactant-free emulsions and methods of use thereof |
| US8030252B2 (en) * | 2004-03-12 | 2011-10-04 | Halliburton Energy Services Inc. | Polymer-based, surfactant-free, emulsions and methods of use thereof |
| GB0413587D0 (en) * | 2004-06-17 | 2004-07-21 | Statoil Asa | Well treatment |
| MX2007008515A (es) * | 2005-01-14 | 2007-11-09 | Halliburton Energy Serv Inc | Sistema y metodo para producir fluidos de una formacion subterranea. |
| ITMI20070808A1 (it) | 2007-04-19 | 2008-10-20 | Eni Spa | Additivi per il recupero di olio dai giacimenti |
| US8757261B2 (en) | 2011-05-12 | 2014-06-24 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Methods and compositions for clay control |
| CN104245619B (zh) | 2012-02-22 | 2017-03-29 | Gcp应用技术有限公司 | 用于粘土减轻的官能化多胺 |
| SG11201407166WA (en) | 2012-05-04 | 2015-03-30 | Grace W R & Co | Method for treating clay and clay-bearing aggregates and compositions therefor |
| US9701892B2 (en) | 2014-04-17 | 2017-07-11 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Method of pumping aqueous fluid containing surface modifying treatment agent into a well |
| BR112016005841B1 (pt) | 2013-09-20 | 2022-02-08 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Compósitos e métodos para tratamento de um poço, e propante, ou particulado de controle de areia |
| EP3046987B8 (en) | 2013-09-20 | 2019-06-26 | Baker Hughes, a GE company, LLC | Use of organophosphorus containing composites for use in well treatment operations |
| WO2015042488A2 (en) | 2013-09-20 | 2015-03-26 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Method of inhibiting fouling on a metallic surface using a surface modifying treatment agent |
| CN105555908B (zh) | 2013-09-20 | 2019-10-08 | 贝克休斯公司 | 使用表面改性金属处理剂处理地下地层的方法 |
| AU2014321293B2 (en) | 2013-09-20 | 2017-10-19 | Baker Hughes, A Ge Company, Llc | Method of using surface modifying treatment agents to treat subterranean formations |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2761843A (en) * | 1954-11-18 | 1956-09-04 | Gulf Research Development Co | Treatment of clays |
| US2999063A (en) * | 1957-08-13 | 1961-09-05 | Raymond W Hoeppel | Water-in-oil emulsion drilling and fracturing fluid |
| US3542044A (en) * | 1966-09-22 | 1970-11-24 | John J Padden | Friction reducing compositions for oil-based fracturing fluids |
| US4374739A (en) * | 1976-08-13 | 1983-02-22 | Halliburton Company | Oil well treating method and composition |
| US4158521A (en) * | 1978-06-26 | 1979-06-19 | The Western Company Of North America | Method of stabilizing clay formations |
-
1981
- 1981-10-09 US US06/310,166 patent/US4460483A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1982
- 1982-02-16 CA CA000396384A patent/CA1174842A/en not_active Expired
- 1982-03-02 NL NLAANVRAGE8200827,A patent/NL185943C/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1982-04-15 MX MX192278A patent/MX161849A/es unknown
- 1982-05-17 GB GB08214251A patent/GB2107759B/en not_active Expired
- 1982-05-19 ES ES512363A patent/ES8304194A1/es not_active Expired
- 1982-09-01 DE DE19823232486 patent/DE3232486A1/de active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US4460483A (en) | 1984-07-17 |
| CA1174842A (en) | 1984-09-25 |
| ES512363A0 (es) | 1983-02-16 |
| ES8304194A1 (es) | 1983-02-16 |
| NL185943B (nl) | 1990-03-16 |
| NL8200827A (nl) | 1983-05-02 |
| MX161849A (es) | 1991-01-22 |
| DE3232486A1 (de) | 1983-04-21 |
| GB2107759B (en) | 1985-05-22 |
| GB2107759A (en) | 1983-05-05 |
| NL185943C (nl) | 1990-08-16 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 8110 | Request for examination paragraph 44 | ||
| 8125 | Change of the main classification |
Ipc: C09K 7/06 |
|
| D2 | Grant after examination | ||
| 8364 | No opposition during term of opposition | ||
| 8339 | Ceased/non-payment of the annual fee |