DE2934606A1 - Trailer with height adjusting load surface - has pendant supports with selective lift to incline surface - Google Patents

Abstract

A trailer with a height adjusting load surface has the support platform (1) on pendant mountings (2) from a fixed frame (5). The mountings are height adjusted either as rams or as cable links to a winch. In the down position the platform is secured onto the chassis by securing bolts.

Description

Vehicle trailer with movable loading bridge

The invention relates to a vehicle trailer with movable Loading bridge and lifting device permanently connected to the vehicle frame, its loading bridge hangs on vertically arranged pendulum arms, which move when the loading bridge is lowered lengthen and shorten when lifting.

This invention aims in particular to be used by passenger cars, single-axle utility trailer with rigid dock leveler beyond its conventional use also as a loading aid for bulk and bulk goods and as a branch-specific adaptable one To further develop means of transport for small containers.

Vehicle trailer of the single-axle design with opposite the vehicle frame movable dock levellers are mainly used in special vehicles that carry Tilting of the loading bridge, which is designed to be drivable, drives up to be transported Make work machines easier. There are also similar designs for tilting Bulk solids common. Single-axle trailers with a separable loading bridge are also known z, B, 1 loading bridges in container form for the transport of milk.

There is also a large number of truck chassis and multi-axle chassis Move trailers adapted Lsdehilfentdle loading belts, especially those for.Transport of passenger cars, the design of which is also used in principle for single ac) t trailers could.

Despite the large variety of movable dock levellers, none of the known designs on the market for single-axle oil trailers, because it depends on him different dock leveler movements with a minimum Realize effort in terms of costs and dead weight.

The invention is based on the object on the basis of a uniaxial Utility trailers for passenger cars a versatile means of transport for tradespeople, especially for to develop the one-man operation, the one closed Offers a transport chain, avoids loss of time due to reloading, co-driver as loading assistant saves and the non-synchronous workflows of loading and unloading from onward transport decoupled on the street. The following demands are derived from this: Funding of piece goods or bulk goods up to approx. 1 to by only one person in a vehicle-pulled vehicle Trailers on the road, picking up or dropping off the transported goods from street level Infinitely adjustable (pavement height, delivery truck height) up to the truck platform height with a horizontal dock leveler, tilting the dock leveler from the driving position for unloading bulk goods, horizontal displacement of the loading bridge in the chassis to compensate for impermissible dike support forces, change of loading bridges to avoid them of waiting times or for the acceptance of special goods, moving the loading bridge as Handcart to and from the trailer, transport of several stacked dock levellers in the frame the permissible load capacity, cleaning the trailer, with movable loading bridge as working platform that can be raised under load and this with little construction effort, small Dead weight, easy operation and long service life.

This object is achieved according to the invention in that the loading jaw hangs on preferably 4 vertically arranged fender arms, which can be lowered lengthen the same and shorten it to raise it. According to the invention, pendulum arms are used for this purpose Ropes or chains are provided over pulleys arranged on a support frame to run. Hydraulic rams can also be used instead of ropes.

Wake up to the raising or lowering of the loading bridge into the In the driving position, the dock leveler and the chassis are shaped by means of fixing elements. or frictionally connected, thus by the dynamic forces during the journey no relative movements occur between the loading bridge and the chassis.

At the same time, the lifting device is relieved.

The connection of the pendulum arms with the loading bridge is according to the invention with easily detachable connecting elements, preferably with plug-in hooks that cause a enable quick release of the dock leveler by hand, but prevent it from slipping out during the lifting operations are secured.

Any necessary correction of the drawbar force that loaded the head of the towing hitch of the passenger car, happens after lifting the dock leveler into the r'ahrposition. The swinging suspension of the loading bridge with a relatively large pendulum arm length and plenty in the longitudinal axis in the frame distance Measured mobility allow the dock leveler in the longitudinal axis of the vehicle can be easily moved forwards or backwards by hand. In the desired position the fixing elements are then pushed in. According to this invention are for this on the vehicle frame mounted latch is provided, which in an approximately for this position intervene in the appropriate perception of the loading bridge.

The E'ahrzeugrahmen is designed so that he the loading bridge with all sides Distance encloses the outside. This results in the loading bridge down to the required clearance to the roadway and up to the maximum lifting height.

The wheels are driven by trailing arms attached to the outside of the vehicle frame or other ache structures that are not in the interior, i.e. in the movement space of the loading bridge.

The rear frame cross member on which the license plate and the lighting is located, is removable or, better, designed to be swung open. This enables the loading bridge to be placed in the chassis or, vice versa, retract the chassis so that it encompasses the loading bridge. Swing-out traverses are preferable to detachable ones because of their ease of use. In the double wing They also take on a centering function with their inner surface, see above iron stop is provided which limits its opening angle to about 120 degrees.

The supporting frame that holds the upper bearings or pulleys of the end arms at the same time was designed as a railing that holds the teaum above the loading area limited to the sides and to the front.

also serves as a holder for a convertible top and as a support for long goods.

Preferably, the supporting structure consists of 4 vertical posts that attached near the corner points of the rectangular frame and connected to each other by about horizontally extending beams are connected, which at the same time the horizontal rope sections disguise.

The vertical posts also form guideways in the vine and Be the dock leveler if it swings to the side on a sloping road. Even with road gradients in the longitudinal direction, the mobility is reduced to the The dimensions provided for this purpose are limited, as there are provided in the end positions on the loading bridge, Laterally protruding guide elements run against the side surfaces of the posts. In the design provided here, the hooks also take on the task these guide elements.

with even very low dock levellers, e.g. those in pallet sizes, up to street level the leadership properties of the posts are effective anyway required -tützen designed as extendable extensions of the post.

The ones close to the dock levellers of various types on the long sides Support feet attached to the corners take on several functions. You prevent that the loading bridge when setting down directly on the possibly dirty road rests.

They also contain the recesses for the fixing elements and the hooks. They also allow due to their uniform use and dimensionally identical assembly the interchangeability of different loading bridge designs. Furthermore they are designed so that castors can be screwed on that move the loading bridge outside the trailer is possible by hand and thus reaches rooms that are not accessible to the entire vehicle. Finally fix the stacked one on top of the other Dock levellers non-positively and with the additional use of screws also positively together. With the slot-like shape of the recesses for the fixing elements becomes the compulsion to precisely raise the dock leveler to the height to be fixed Avoided, within the ample dimension in the vertical direction the Recesses is possible for fixing, thus the loading bridge can be moved into the Interior of the frame succeeds even without the effort of special care are on rollers on the lower frame corner points and on the inward protruding posts of the Support frame centering jaws are provided, which equal the strength at these points raise. One or more buffers absorb the entry impact in a manner that is gentle on the material.

the lubkraft is operated manually or by a 12 V DC motor @@@ generated by a winch or a hydraulic pump.

@@ i the purely mechanical drive solution runs the rope of each other arm from the hook of the dock leveler initially perpendicular to the first pulley at the top of the Shoring. There it is deflected horizontally into the vehicle's axis and then, at the front of the vehicle, fed to the drum through another pulley. Since, according to the invention, the ropes of one side of the generation are on top, those of the other on the bottom the drum on - @@ fen are either all @@ le in the same direction of rotation of the drum equally attracted or extended.

If the cubic force is generated hydraulically, there are several @rungsformen depending on whether you have a purely hydraulic T 's r or the combination preferred with cables.

he purely hydraulic drive solution directly uses the hydraulic one Stamp as pendulum arms, whereby you have to install preferential stamp. If you use cables, so the ropes can lead to one @ e @@ el on each longitudinal side of the vehicle, which is advantageously arranged along the front post. So that you can do it with smaller ones Stempelbau- @ n @ en gets by, the rope connections are in front of rope blocks that halve the punch stroke. You can get by with a single @@@ el if you have this instead of the previously used cable winch on the front side and all of them on it Silk directly or through a bottle.

The advantages achieved with this invention consist in particular - @@@ that with a relatively small additional expenditure the possible uses of the trailer, especially the @@@ n @@ single-axle utility trailer can be significantly improved.

An embodiment of the invention is shown in the drawings and is described in more detail below.

It shows Figure 1 is a schematic overall view of the Fahrzen trailer with movable dock leveler in the version with cable winch. The dashed line Loading bridge (1) is shown in a fixed driving position.

FIG. 2 shows a top view of FIG. 1, for better clarity because of the pulleys arranged at the top on the longitudinal sides of the vehicle have been omitted.

The most important positions of the dock leveler (1) are shown in FIG. to recognize.

@@ Position S is the dock leveler on the road to load, unload or to be exchanged.

1. Position F is in the driving position. From this driving position the dock leveler (1) can be tilted out by pulling the front latch (8) the fixing elements (6) @ntrierelt and the rear hooks (7) of the pendulum arms (2) be waved off. ; If the cable winch is now operated in the lifting direction, the dock leveler (1) is raised at the front, turning it around the rear fixing elements rotates and thus tilts for unloading bulk goods.

@n Position R, which is preferably the highest lifting position, is the standard ramp height that can be reloaded at the same level, e.g. in trucks.

With Figure 4, the insertion of the loading bridge (1) into the chassis explained. The traverse (10) pivoted open with two leaves, the centering rollers (18), the centering jaws (17) make it easier and the buffer (19) ends this process.

@us Figure 5 shows a hydraulic lifting device in which the ropes of the pendulum arms (2) on a vehicle longitudinal side of a pulley (3) a common rope block (20) can be guided by the hydraulic ram (21) when actuating the pump (24) during the lifting process, pulled down @@.

Figure 6 shows an embodiment of a standardized Support foot (14) with its multiple functions.

When the dock leveler is parked, it rests with its lower Senentel the road, unless the rollers (13) have been installed. To accommodate the Plug hook (7) the recess (26) is provided, which in its dimensions of the other, intended for receiving the bolt (8), deviates in size.

This ensures that the hooks (7) only on this iteiie can be attached.

To stack the loading bridges, which are designed as containers, is at the bottom Leg a Hohrung provided through which you can with a screw (23) or the like. the support leg (14) with the corner post (22) of the side wall of the next lower container connects.

Claims (15)

P a t e n t a n s p r ü c h e 1) Vehicle trailer with movable Loading bridge and lifting device permanently connected to the vehicle frame, characterized in that that the dock leveler (1) hangs on vertically arranged pendulum arms (2)), which lengthen it when lowering the dock leveler (q) and shorten it when lifting it. 2) vehicle trailer with movable dock leveler according to claim 1), characterized characterized in that the pendulum arms (2)) are made of ropes or chains, the over pulleys (3) be guided or consist of hydraulic rams. 3) Vehicle trailer with movable dock leveler according to the claims 1) and 2), characterized in that on the vehicle frame (4) and or on the supporting structure (5) i? Ixierelemente (6) are attached, which the movable dock leveler (1) easily detachably, positively or non-positively with the chassis. 4) Vehicle trailer with movable dock leveler according to the claims 1) to 3), characterized in that the pendulum arms (2) with the loading bridge (1) are connected by easily detachable connecting elements such as the plug-in hooks (7). 5) vehicle trailers with movable loading bridge, especially after Claims 3), characterized in that the dock leveler raised in blahrtposition (1) to correct the dike load is displaceable in the vehicle's longitudinal axis and the fixing elements (6), preferably a bolt (8), which can optionally be in one of engages several recesses (9) located next to one another in the loading bridge (1), Hold the dock leveler in different length positions. 6) Vehicle trailers with a movable dock leveler, especially after the Claims 1) and 2), characterized in that the vehicle frame (f) is rectangular The loading area encloses the outside with a gap on all sides and the rear traverse (10) loosen or preferably one or both bearings (11) like a one or two-winged one Lets the door swing open. 7) Vehicle trailers with a movable dock leveler, especially after the Claims 1) and 2), characterized in that the supporting frame (5) of the pendulum arms (2) as a loading bridge t1) laterally and preferably also at the front delimiting Railing is formed. 8) Vehicle trailers with a movable dock leveler, especially after the Claims 1) and 2), characterized in that the lifting device consists of a manual or an electric motor-driven cable winch (42) which is connected to the pulleys (3)) guided ropes of all pendulum arms shortened or lengthened. 9) Vehicle trailer with movable dock leveler according to the claims 1) to 4), characterized in that the loading bridge is equipped with castors (43) is. 10) Vehicle trailers with a movable dock leveler in particular claims 1) to 4), characterized in that the differently designed Dock levellers (d) brackets of the same size, preferably in the form of support feet (10), are attached, the recesses (9) for the fixing elements (6) and the hooks or the like. (7) of the pendulum arms (2). 11) Vehicle trailers with a movable dock leveler in particular claims 1) and 2), characterized in that the posts (ins) of the supporting frame are at the same time designed as guideways for the loading bridge (1), the lateral Limit the possibility of movement and / or their mobility in the direction of travel. 12) Vehicle trailers with a movable dock leveler in particular Claim 11), characterized in that the supports (16) are in the extended position extend the guideway of the posts («S) until it is close to the roadway. 13) Vehicle trailers with a movable dock leveler in particular Claim 10), characterized in that the expansions (9) for the fixing elements (6) are designed as vertical longitudinal slots that fix the dock leveler (1) on the frame of the vehicle within ilubtolerances. 14) Vehicle trailers with a movable dock leveler in particular Claim 6), characterized in that on the inside of the vehicle frame Centering jaws (17) and / or wool (1) and buffer (19) are attached. 15) Vehicle trailers with a movable dock leveler in particular claims 1) and 2), characterized in that the cables of a vehicle longitudinal side directly or preferably via a bottle (20) each from a hydraulic ram (21) are operated.