DE2738052A1 - Prodn. of down and/or feather and synthetic fibre filling - for quilts etc. using melt spun fibres of various diameters and lengths - Google Patents

Abstract

In the prodn. of a filling for beds, quilts, cushions, sleeping bags etc. from down, feathery down and/or half down, feathers and synthetic fibres, synthetic fibres are mixed with the feathery constituents. The synthetic fibres pref. are produced by breaking up a spinnable polymer melt (at 300-365 degrees C) emerging from a tube with a hot gas (at 300-400 degrees C), pref. so that it is drawn out to 1.1-3.6 my fibres by the gas stream. Pref. the synthetic fibres consist of polyaminoundecanoic acid ("Rilsan"; RTM) cyclohexane-1,4-dimethyl terephthalate ("Vestan"; RTM) or low pressure polyethylene. They are blown into the mixing chamber by the gas stream, opt. intermittently, and spread by high tensions. The synthetic fibres not only act as extender but also improve certain properties and also give a new property, the prodn. of electrostatic charge by friction, which is useful for treating rheumatic and arthritic patients. The process employs only one (continuous) procedure, instead of the 8 stages used formerly, and the prod. has a higher bulk.

Description

The production of the filling material with its 8 working

gangways is time-consuming and cumbersome. The object of the invention is to find a method that allows a filler for blankets, quilts, Manufacture pillows and the like in a simple manner. It is still a task of the invention, an improvement in bulkiness through different denier and fiber lengths and resistance to segregation.

The solution to the problem is that of the granular form a spinnable plastic is assumed, these granules are melted, preferably in an extruder, then by a metering pump, preferably a spinning pump, a spray nozzle is metered and fed to the spray temperature on the way to the nozzle is heated; as well as after spraying in a mixing or vortex chamber with the Down, feathery down and / or half-down, feathers or their mixtures with one another is mixed.

The synthetic fibers used so far are after the spinning process produced in spinnerets. Such fibers are characterized by an exactly adhered to Titre and a certain degree of stretching. But these are both properties that do not come into play with the filling material. In contrast, occur in the spray process Fibers with a fineness that can no longer be spun; the inconsistent Stretching in the hot gas stream is not essential for the process. Staple fibers are for weaving and knitting required. Without an exact titer, for example, there is a processing of the thread made up of monofilaments is not possible.

Furthermore, the endless spun single thread is used for further processing Shortened to a spun thread made of monofilaments to defined lengths. This is also for the production of the filling material is not only not necessary, but even undesirable. In the spraying process according to the invention, the desired fluctuations result the lengths around an average value through the ddene construction.

From the 8 work steps according to the state of the art, there is only one become a continuous operation. Mixing can take place in the mixing chamber also take place intermittently.

The method according to the invention has over mixing the down or similar with spun synthetic fibers important advantages: It is due to the fluctuations in relation to the titer and the length, as well as the partial titer fineness a higher Bulkiness of the product reached. The distribution of the synthetic fibers in the mixture is improved. The process is dated by the continuous process Granulate simplified to mix.

In the following, the implementation of the method is based on the drawings 1 - 4 explained in more detail. It shows: FIG. 1 a spray nozzle in section FIG. 2 an overall system with the mixing chamber in section Fig. 3 a spray nozzle in section with a shortened Laval nozzle Fig. 4 shows a spray nozzle in section with fiber spreading the Coander effect.

In Fig. 1 shows: (1) that which supplies the melt to the spray head Tube with the indicated heating device (la), (2) the spray nozzle opening, (3) the Supply tube for the heated gas, (4) channels and chamber for the spray opening (5), (6) connection cap and, as additional equipment, the supply line (7) through which Fiber finishing agent can be pumped and thus applied to the fibers.

In Fig. 2 shows: (8) the extruder with granulate hopper (9), the feed (10) of the plastic melt to the metering pump (12), the heated Feed (1, la) to the spinneret (13). (11) provides a distributor for the melt represents, on which a number of spray nozzles depending on the desired performance of the overall system with their metering pumps are attached. (3) and (7) are the supplies of im Heat exchanger (15) heated gas or steam superheater or

Feed line for finishing agent. (17) represents the mixing or vortex chamber (18) a metal ring under high voltage (1-10 kV / cm potential gradient) (19) the insulating shield to the outside, (20) the earthing of the mixing chamber, (21) the hollow shaft of the mixing device, (22) the drive of the mixing device, (23) the guidance of the mixing shaft, which is perpendicular to the plane of the drawing during mixing is moved back and forth, (24) the mixing units located on the shaft (21) and (25) hidden slots from which the spray blown into the chamber Air can escape again. With (14) is the spray jet and with (16) are the Feathers or down indicated.

In Fig.3 shows: a modified spray nozzle in section with nozzle (26), gas guide part (27) with shortened Laval nozzle (28) for spreading the sprayed Melt radiator, the base body (29) with channel (30) for introducing gas and the Melt connection (31).

Fig. 4 shows a modified nozzle shape in section.

(32) represents the melt nozzle, (33) the coander slot and (34) the gas supply channel with the slots (35). The coander slot can be ring-shaped for each individual nozzle or linear as a collecting slot for one Row of nozzles.

In the following, the process is explained further using examples: EXAMPLE 1 Raw material: Rilsan melt temperature when leaving the extruder 270 0C "" in the metering pump 2700C (I I, in the spray nozzle 3650C air for jet distribution, Temperature 400 ° C Spray nozzle: slot nozzle, type 942 from Gustav Schlick KG 8360 Coburg output: 25 g / min + nozzle single fiber measurement: diameter 1.1 to 3.6 my Breaking strength i.M. 46 kp / mm2 elongation at break i.M. 47% Example 2 Raw material: Vestan (Cydohexane-Terephthalat, which is in 1,4-position by hydroxy-methyl groups are substituted) Melting temperature on leaving the extruder 300 C li II in the dosing pump 3000C in steam superheated in the spray nozzle 300 0C for jet distribution, Temperature 3400C Diameter of the melt nozzle: 0.5 mm Single fiber measurement: Diameter 1.1 - 2.0 my breaking strength i.M. 39 kp / mm2 elongation at break i.M. 38% Example 3 raw material: Low pressure polyethylene melt temperature in front of the nozzle 3300C temperature of the superheated Steam 350 0C The volume of the mixing chamber was 2 m3 / kg filler It is also it is possible to add additives such as silicone oil directly to the plastic melt (e.g. 1 - 2 ° h).

The gas can advantageously be inert, such as CO2.

The required heating to spray temperature should be within 10-30 seconds.

In modification of the process, it is also possible to use spun and finished monofilaments that are present in the strand. The goal to become a Simplification of the procedure to come is limited in this case to the second Half of the process.

The monofilaments present in the strand are converted into a flat strand and guided by driven pairs of rollers against a cutting device, which the Skein in staple fibers separates. The device can be in the form of a Guillotine cut the strand or in the form of knives rotating around an axis.

The fiber lengths advantageously have different dimensions.

This can be achieved by irregularly pacing the guollitine or else the knives attached to the shaft are irregular on the shaft Angular distances attached to each other.

The staple fibers separated after cutting are then like the spray fibers are conveyed into the mixing chamber already described. Before cutting of the monofilaments, the fibers can also be fed through a finisher bath. Humidification is always an advantage. The strand can advantageously consist of monofilaments with different titers.

The mixing or vortex chamber can also be modified so that a extremely high shear force is generated. It would also be with such a vortex chamber in principle possible staple fibers as they are present in the swirl chamber before carding to give, add the feathers or down or semi-down or feathery down and mix in the vortex chamber. The vortex chamber consists of a drum-like container, in which one or two superimposed pairs of crossbeams run parallel or in opposite directions rotate. Refractive angles can be attached to the container wall.

The shear crosses create such high shear forces that they are pressed stacked staple fibers dissolved into single fibrils and with the feathers, or down to a loose and fluffy filler. These too Modification of the procedure eliminates the need to tear the bale open and roll it up.

Claims (2)

some surprising results: 1. Feathers could also be used with the mixture. Of course, feather blankets were much worse than blankets with a filling of down, feathery down or half-down with synthetic fibers. However, in both cases, the addition of synthetic fibers resulted in a clear one Improvement of some properties can be seen. In contrast to the feather mixes, which only find a limited area of application, is with the down in addition to the propagation a real improvement has been made. After the tests, the proportion should be synthetic springs do not exceed 40%. The optimal mixing ratio is 25%. 2. As the patent specification 19 00 880 teaches, results in fillings with the optimal mixing ratio another new property - ceilings with such Mixtures are suitable for the treatment of rheumatic and arthritic diseases. This effect is due to electrostatic charges from the friction of synthetic fibers returned with the down. Prerequisite for the improved properties of the filler material is a perfect blending of the down or feathers with the synthetic fibers. The synthetic fibers must be individually loosely in the mixture between the down or Feathers lie. They must not be twisted into strands or as a pile of fibers lie between the down or feathers. A method to produce such a perfect mixture, is described in the patent 16 85 161. After that, according to the melt spinning process Synthetic fibers made into staple fibers and cut into a pile on the Clutter unlocked before it is mixed with the down in a mixing chamber. The process is therefore: melt spinning - drawing - possibly. Finishing - to Cutting staple fibers - pressing into bales - tearing open bales - carding - mixing.