DE3544523A1 - Process for the production of bicomponent fibres, fibres produced therefrom, and their use - Google Patents

Process for the production of bicomponent fibres, fibres produced therefrom, and their use

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Publication number
DE3544523A1
DE3544523A1 DE19853544523 DE3544523A DE3544523A1 DE 3544523 A1 DE3544523 A1 DE 3544523A1 DE 19853544523 DE19853544523 DE 19853544523 DE 3544523 A DE3544523 A DE 3544523A DE 3544523 A1 DE3544523 A1 DE 3544523A1
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Germany
Prior art keywords
fibers
polyethylene
polypropylene
temperature
bicomponent
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Granted
Application number
DE19853544523
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German (de)
Other versions
DE3544523C2 (en
Inventor
Friedhelm Dr.-Ing. 5630 Remscheid Hensen
Klaus Dr.-Ing. 5600 Wuppertal Schäfer
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Oerlikon Barmag AG
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Barmag Barmer Maschinenfabrik AG
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Priority to DE19853544523 priority Critical patent/DE3544523A1/en
Publication of DE3544523A1 publication Critical patent/DE3544523A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE3544523C2 publication Critical patent/DE3544523C2/de
Granted legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
    • D04H3/14—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between thermoplastic yarns or filaments produced by welding
    • D04H3/147—Composite yarns or filaments
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L15/00—Chemical aspects of, or use of materials for, bandages, dressings or absorbent pads
    • A61L15/16—Bandages, dressings or absorbent pads for physiological fluids such as urine or blood, e.g. sanitary towels, tampons
    • A61L15/22—Bandages, dressings or absorbent pads for physiological fluids such as urine or blood, e.g. sanitary towels, tampons containing macromolecular materials
    • A61L15/225—Mixtures of macromolecular compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
    • C08L23/10—Homopolymers or copolymers of propene
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/28—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like while mixing different spinning solutions or melts during the spinning operation; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
    • D01F8/06—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyolefin as constituent
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
    • D04H1/542—Adhesive fibres
    • D04H1/544—Olefin series
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/005—Synthetic yarns or filaments
    • D04H3/007—Addition polymers
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
    • D04H3/14—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between thermoplastic yarns or filaments produced by welding
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
    • D04H3/16—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between thermoplastic filaments produced in association with filament formation, e.g. immediately following extrusion
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2203/00—Applications
    • C08L2203/12—Applications used for fibers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
    • C08L23/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
    • C08L23/06—Polyethene
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
    • C08L23/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
    • C08L23/08—Copolymers of ethene
    • C08L23/0807—Copolymers of ethene with unsaturated hydrocarbons only containing more than three carbon atoms
    • C08L23/0815—Copolymers of ethene with aliphatic 1-olefins

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)
  • Multicomponent Fibers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a process for the production of a bicomponent fibre of low linear density from polypropylene mixed with from 5 to 20 % by weight of polyethylene, which can be produced inexpensively and is therefore particularly suitable for use in the hygiene sector. The polymers are melted as a hopper mixture, spun and stretched at below the natural stretching ratio. In the fibre, the polyethylene components accumulate to an increased extent at the fibre edge due to their relatively low melting range, while the polypropylene forms the fibre core. This enables favourable melt bonding of the bicomponent fibres at low calendar roll temperatures during production of nonwovens.

Description

Verfahren zur Herstellung von Bikomponentenfasern, Process for the production of bicomponent fibers,

daraus hergestellte Fasern und deren Verwendung Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Bikomponentenfasern aus Polyol efi ngemi schen sowie die Fasern, die nach diesem Verfahren hergestellt werden, und Folgeprodukte, insbesondere thermogebondete Vliese mit weichem Griff, hohem Bausch, guten Thermobondingeigenschaften und hoher Dehnung. Fibers made therefrom and their use The invention relates to a process for the production of bicomponent fibers from polyol efi ngemi rule as well as the fibers that are manufactured using this process and their derived products, in particular thermobonded nonwovens with a soft feel, high bulk, good thermobonding properties and high elongation.

Bikomponentenfasern werden ublicherweise dadurch hergestellt, daß zwei Material komponenten separat in einzelnen Extrudern aufgeschmolzen werden und erst in der Duse zusammengefuhrt und gemeinsam versponnen werden. Bikomponentenfasern weisen infolge ihrer inhomogenen Struktur ein Kräuselverhalten auf. Auch lassen sich durch die Materialkombinationen die physikalischen und textilen Eigenschaften beeinflussen. Bekannt sind bisher Bikomponentenfasern mit einem asymmetrischen Kern aus Polypropylen (PP) und einem Mantel aus Polyäthylen (PE). Dadurch laßt sich ein weicher Griff und hoher Bausch erzielen. Diese Fasern sind sehr teuer und daher fur eine breite Anwendung im Hygienebereich nicht geeignet. Mit reinen PP-Fasern wird ein weicher Griff dadurch erzielt, daß man Fasern mit sehr feinem Titer (ca.Bicomponent fibers are usually made in that two material components are melted separately in individual extruders and are only brought together in the nozzle and spun together. Bicomponent fibers show curling behavior due to their inhomogeneous structure. Let too The material combinations change the physical and textile properties influence. So far, bicomponent fibers with an asymmetrical core are known made of polypropylene (PP) and a jacket made of polyethylene (PE). This lets oneself in achieve a soft grip and high bulk. These fibers are very expensive and therefore not suitable for a wide range of applications in the hygiene sector. With pure PP fibers a soft handle is achieved by using fibers with a very fine denier (approx.

1,7 dtex) und hohen Dehnungen herstellt. Trotz feinem Titer und hohen Dehnungen besitzen diese Fasern nicht den weichen Griff und hohen Bausch, die den Anforderungen im Hygienebereich genugen.1.7 dtex) and high elongations. Despite the fine titer and high When stretched, these fibers do not have the soft feel and high bulk that the Requirements in the hygiene area are sufficient.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren zur Erzeugung von Fasern mit weichem Griff, hohem Bausch und hoher Dehnung, guten Kräuseleigenschaften und guten Thermobondingeigenschaften zu schaffen. Insbesondere sollen Fasern entstehen, die die gleichen oder bessere Eigenschaften wie die bekannten Bikomponentenfasern besitzen, aber in ihrer Herstellung billiger sind und somit auch fur eine breite Anwendung, insbesondere im Hygienehereich geeignet sind.The invention is based on the object of a method for generating of fibers with a soft handle, high bulk and high elongation, good curling properties and to create good thermobonding properties. In particular, fibers should be created which have the same or better properties as the well-known bicomponent fibers own, but in theirs Manufacturing are cheaper and therefore also are suitable for a wide range of applications, especially in the hygiene sector.

Die Aufgabe wird erfindungsgernäß dadurch gelost, daß eine PP-PE-Trichtermischung mit bis zu 20% PE hergestellt wird.The object is achieved according to the invention in that a PP-PE funnel mixture is made with up to 20% PE.

Durch einen an der Schneckenspitze des Extruders befindlichen Mischer wird eine feindisperse Verteilung des PE im PP erhalten, so daß ein feiner Spinntiter ersponnen werden kann. Das Material wird bei 180 bis 280 "C extrudiert und versponnen und langsam mit 20 bis 120 m/min durch die erste Abzugsvorrichtung, die eine Temperatur huber 100 und bis zu 140 "C besitzt, abgezogen. Zwischen der ersten und zweiten Abzugsvorrichtung werden die Fasern verstreckt. Die stattfindende Verstreckung ist vorzugsweise niedriger als ublich und liegt unter dem naturlichen Verstreckverhältnis (VVnat), d.h. innerhalb des Fließbereiches. Es hat sich herausgestellt, daß die PE-Bestandteile bei 120 bis 140 "C in der Faser in Schmelzeform vorliegen. Es zeigte sich, daß die PP-Bestandteile wahrend des Verstreckprozesses bei 120 bis 140 "C zu kristallisieren beginnen und zu Molekulketten orientiert werden. Es wird angenommen, daß die Kristallkeime zu wachsen beginnen und sich gleichzeitig durch das Verstrecken in Fadenlangsachse ausrichten. Durch die vom Kern der Faser aus wachsenden Kristalle dürften PE-Bestandteile an den Außenrand der Faser gedruckt werden. Dabei wird die Materialwanderung durch die bevorzugte niedrige Verstreckung noch erleichtert. Beim Durchlaufen des auf 150 bis 170 "C beheizten Heißluftofens kbnnen durch die Orientierung der Molekulketten eingebrachte Spannungen relaxieren, und das Kristallwachstum des PP durfte beschleunigt werden. Gleichzeitig werden immer mehr PE-Bestandteile an den Faserrand gedruckt. Nach Verlassen des Heißluftofens findet auf einer zweiten Abzugsvorrichtung eine weitere Beheizung auf 110 bis 140 "C statt. Die PP-Matrix durfte dabei weiter kristallisieren, und die PE-Komponente kristallisiert ebenfalls bei gleichzeitiger Verstreckung und Stabilisierung durch die Abzugsvorrichtung. Die in den Außenbereichen der PP-Fasern befindlichen Bestandteile des PE erhalten dabei eine Volumenausrichtung in Fadenlängsachse. Es wird eine Faser mit Bikomponentenstruktur erhalten, mit einem PP-Ken und einem Mantelbereich mit Ansammlungen der PE-Komponente.Through a mixer located at the screw tip of the extruder a finely dispersed distribution of the PE in the PP is obtained, so that a fine spinning denier can be spun. The material is extruded and spun at 180 to 280 "C. and slowly at 20 to 120 m / min through the first take-off device, which is a temperature over 100 and up to 140 "C, deducted. Between the first and second The fibers are drawn with a draw-off device. The stretching taking place is preferably lower than usual and below the natural draw ratio (VVnat), i.e. within the flow area. It turned out that the PE components are present in the fiber in melt form at 120 to 140 "C. It showed that the PP-components during the stretching process at 120 to 140 "C begin to crystallize and become oriented into molecular chains. It is believed, that the crystal seeds begin to grow and at the same time due to the stretching Align in the longitudinal axis of the thread. Through the crystals growing from the core of the fiber PE components may be printed on the outer edge of the fiber. The Material migration is made even easier by the preferred low stretching. At the You can go through the orientation through the hot air oven heated to 150 to 170 "C the tensions introduced by the molecular chains relax, and the crystal growth of the PP could be accelerated. At the same time, more and more PE components are being used printed the fiber edge. After leaving the convection oven takes place on a second Extraction device is heated to 110 to 140 "C instead. The PP matrix was allowed to continue to crystallize, and the PE component also crystallizes at simultaneous stretching and stabilization by the take-off device. The components of the PE located in the outer areas of the PP fibers are preserved thereby a volume alignment in the longitudinal axis of the thread. It becomes a fiber with a bicomponent structure obtained, with a PP-Ken and a jacket area with accumulations of the PE component.

Dies zeigt sich zum ersten darin, daß eine Faser mit weichem, fur PE typischem Griff erhalten wird. Zum zweiten zeigen die Fasern die fdr Bikomponentenfäden typische Krauselung, die sich ggf. der mechanisch, z.B. durch Stauchkråuseln eingebrachten Krauselung, uberlagert und zu einem hohen Bausch und zur besonderen Weichheit der hergestellten Flachengebilde, insbesondere Vliese fuhrt. Schießlich weisen die Fäden beim Kalandrieren zur Herstellung thermogebondeter (schmelzverklebter) Vliese einen sehr breiten, auf PE hinweisenden Erweichungsbereich ihrer Außenhaut auf. Dadurch wird die Temperaturfuhrung der Kalanderwalzen entscheidend vereinfacht. Außerdem liegt die Schmelztemperatur der Außenhaut wesentlich niedriger als bei PP, so daß sich das Schmelzverkleben der Fasern im Vlies auf die Außenhaut beschränkt und der die Festigkeit bestimmende Faserkern nicht wärmegeschädigt wird.This is shown firstly by the fact that a fiber with a soft, fur PE typical handle is obtained. Second, the fibers show the fdr bicomponent threads typical ripples that may have been introduced mechanically, e.g. by upsetting ripples Ripple, superimposed and to a high bulk and to the special softness of the produced flat structures, in particular nonwovens leads. Finally the threads show in calendering for the production of thermobonded (melt-bonded) nonwovens very broad softening area of their outer skin, indicating PE. Through this the temperature control of the calender rolls is decisively simplified. aside from that the melting temperature of the outer skin is significantly lower than that of PP, so that the fusion of the fibers in the fleece is limited to the outer skin and the the strength-determining fiber core is not damaged by heat.

Es wurde festgestellt, daß mit gangigen Marktqualitäten des Spinnmaterials unter Auswahl richtiger Mischungsverhaltnisse die beschriebene Bikomponentenfaser erhalten wird. Die Versuche wurden mit einem handelsublichen LLDPE (linear low density polyethylene) und HDPE (high density polyethylene) durchgefuhrt. Es konnte eine Faser mit sehr weichem Griff, hoher Bauschfahigkeit, guter Kräuselung und sehr hoher Dehnung sowie guten Thermobondingeigenschaften hergestellt werden. Der Filamenttiter der Faser lag bei 1,7 dtex und die Dehnung bei ca. 370%. Durch die erfindungsgemaße Faser werden Anwendungsgebiete eröffnet, die sonst nur wesentlich teueren Bikomponentenfasern zugänglich waren.It was found that with common market grades of the spinning material The bicomponent fiber described is selected with the correct mixing ratios is obtained. The tests were carried out with a commercially available LLDPE (linear low density polyethylene) and HDPE (high density polyethylene). It could be Fiber with a very soft hand, high loft, good crimp and very high Elongation as well as good thermobonding properties can be produced. The filament denier the fiber was 1.7 dtex and the elongation was approx. 370%. By the invention Fibers open up areas of application that are otherwise only much more expensive bicomponent fibers were accessible.

Es wurde weiterhin festgestellt, daß bei einer Mischung mit nur 5 Gew.% PE-Anteil keine Bikomponenteneigenschaften auftreten. Ausgeprägte und industriell verwertbare Bikomponenteneigenschaften treten bei einem PE-Anteil von mehr als 10% auf. Bei einer Trichtermischung mit mehr als 20% PE wird das Ausspinnen der Mischung problematisch, da bei der Schmelztemperatur des PP die bereits schmelzflussige PE-Komponente geschadigt wird.It was also found that a mixture with only 5 % By weight PE content no bicomponent properties occur. Pronounced and industrial Usable bicomponent properties occur with a PE content of more than 10% on. If the funnel mixture contains more than 20% PE, the mixture will be spun out problematic because at the melting temperature of the PP the already melted PE component is harmed.

Weitere Einzelheiten und Merkmale der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung in Verbindung mit Fig. 1, die schematisch eine Vorrichtung zur Ausfuhrung des Verfahrens wiedergibt: Es wird eine PP-PE-Trichtermischung mit bis zu 20 Gew. % PE-Granulat hergestellt, die in dem Extruder 1 aufgeschmolzen wird. Die Schmelze wird durch einen dynamischen Mischer 10 gefthrt, so daß eine feindisperse Mischung entsteht, in der die PE-Phase in kleinen Partikeln verteilt ist. Diese Mischung wird ausgepreßt und zu Fasern versponnen. Sie treten an den Spinndusen 2 aus und werden uber eine auf 100 bis 140 "C beheizte erste Abzugsvorrichtung 3, bestehend aus sieben Walzen, die vorzugsweise in Fadenlaufrichtung ca. 1% schneller laufen, gefuhrt und mit einer erhalten Geschwindi gkeit abgezogen. Die Verstreckung der Fasern ist so eingestellt, daß sie unter dem natGrlichen Verstreckverhältnis liegt. Danach durchlaufen die Fasern einen Heißluftofen 4 mit einer Temperatur von 150 bis 170 "C und werden daraus von einer zweiten Abzugsvorrichtung 5 abgezogen, die aus sieben Walzen besteht, die auf eine Temperatur von 110 bis 140 "C beheizt sind und die in Fadenlaufrichtung langsamer angetrieben werden. Die Fasern durchlaufen eine Stauchkrãuset kammer (Krimper) 6, werden sodann auf einer Faserschneide 7 geschnitten und durch eine Ballenpresse 8 zu Ballen verpreßt oder gemäß Fig. 1A als Endlosfasern aufgewickelt (Aufspuleinrichtungen 9).Further details and features of the invention emerge from the following description in connection with Fig. 1, which schematically a device for the execution of the process reproduces: It is a PP-PE funnel mixture with Up to 20 wt.% PE granulate produced, which is melted in the extruder 1. The melt is passed through a dynamic mixer 10, so that a finely dispersed Mixture is created in which the PE phase is distributed in small particles. These Mixture is pressed out and spun into fibers. You step at the spinnerets 2 and are heated by a first extraction device 3, Consists of seven rollers, which are preferably approx. 1% faster in the direction of the thread run, guided and deducted at a sustained speed. The stretching the fibers are adjusted so that they are below the natural draw ratio lies. The fibers then pass through a hot air oven 4 at a temperature of 150 to 170 "C and are drawn off therefrom by a second take-off device 5, which consists of seven rollers that are heated to a temperature of 110 to 140 "C. and which are driven more slowly in the thread running direction. The fibers go through a Stauchkrãuset chamber (Krimper) 6, are then cut on a fiber cutter 7 and pressed into bales by a baling press 8 or as continuous fibers as shown in FIG. 1A wound up (winding devices 9).

Fig. 2 zeigt eine stauchkammergekrãuselte Polypropylenfaser. Typisch ist die ebene, relativ grobe Kräuselung.Fig. 2 shows a stuffer box-curled polypropylene fiber. Typical is the flat, relatively coarse crimp.

Fig. 3 zeigt eine stauchkammergekrauselte Faser nach dieser Erfindung. Die typische Stauchkammerkräuselung ist zwar erhalten geblieben, jedoch ist dieser eine feinbogige, dreidimensionale Krauselung uberlagert.Figure 3 shows a stuffer box crimped fiber of this invention. The typical stuffer box crimp has been retained, but it is superimposed a fine, arched, three-dimensional ripple.

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Claims (12)

Ansprüche 1. Verfahren zur Herstellung von Bikomponentenfasern aus Polyolefingemischen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Fasern aus einer feindispersen Mischung aus Polyäthylen und Polypropylen mit mehr als 5 und bis zu 20 Gew.% Polyäthylen gesponnen werden, daß die Fasern in einer auf über 100 " beheizten Abzugsvorrichtung mit einer Geschwindigkeit von 20 bis 120 m/min verstreckt werden und durch einen Heißluftofen mit einer Temperatur von 150 bis 170 "C laufen und von einer zweiten Abzugsvorrichtung mit einer Temperatur von 110 bis 150 "C geführt werden. Claims 1. A method for producing bicomponent fibers from Polyolefin mixtures, characterized in that the fibers consist of a finely dispersed Mixture of polyethylene and polypropylene with more than 5 and up to 20% by weight of polyethylene The fibers are spun in a take-off device heated to over 100 " be stretched at a speed of 20 to 120 m / min and by a Convection oven run at a temperature of 150 to 170 "C and from a second Take-off device with a temperature of 110 to 150 "C are performed. 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine Trichtermischung aus Polyäthylen und Polypropylen hergestellt wird.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that a funnel mixture made of polyethylene and polypropylene. 3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß 10 bis 20 Gew.% PE zugemischt werden.3. The method according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that 10 up to 20% by weight of PE can be added. 4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das das PE ein HDPE ist.4. The method according to claim 1 to 3, characterized in that the that PE is an HDPE. 5. Verfahren nach einem der Anspruche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das PE ein LLDPE ist.5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that that the PE is an LLDPE. 6. Verfahren nach einem der vorangegangenen Anspruche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Temperatur der ersten Abzugsvorrichtung uber 100 "C und hbchstens bei 140 "C liegt.6. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that that the temperature of the first exhaust device is above 100 "C and not more than 140 "C lies. 7. Verfahren nach einem der vorangegangenen Anspruche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Temperatur des Heißluftofens bei 160 bis 170 "C liegt.7. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that that the temperature of the hot air oven is 160 to 170 "C. 8. Verfahren nach einem der vorangegangenen Anspruche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Temperatur der zweiten Abzugsvorrichtung bei 110 bis 140 "C liegt.8. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that that the temperature of the second extraction device is 110 to 140 "C. 9. Verfahren nach einem der vorangegangenen Anspruche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die erste und zweite Abzugsvorrichtung jeweils aus mehreren teilweise umschlungenen Walzen bestehen und daß die Walzen jeweils der ersten und/oder zweiten A5zugsvorrichtung in Fadenlaufrichtung langsamer laufen.9. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that that the first and second take-off device each consisting of several partially entwined Rollers exist and that the rollers each of the first and / or second A5 drawing device run slower in the thread running direction. 10. Verfahren nach einem der vorangegangenen Anspruche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Verstreckung der Fasern geringer als das naturliche Verstreckverhãltnis ist.10. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that that the stretching of the fibers is less than the natural stretching ratio is. 11. Bikomponentenfasern aus Polypropylen-Polyãthylen von 0,6 bis 5 dtex, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Polyãthylenkomponente 10 bis 20% der Polypropylenkomponente betrugt und in der Polypropylenmatrix unregelmäßig und vor allem in den Umfangsbereichen des Faserquerschnitts als in Längsrichtung ausgerichtete Materialansammlungen auftritt.11. Bicomponent fibers made of polypropylene-polyethylene from 0.6 to 5 dtex, characterized in that the polyethylene component is 10 to 20% of the polypropylene component and irregular in the polypropylene matrix and especially in the peripheral areas of the fiber cross-section occurs as accumulations of material aligned in the longitudinal direction. 12. Produkte aus Bikomponentenfasern nach Anspruch 11, insbesondere Vliese mit hohem Bausch und weichem Griff fur den Hygienebereich.12. Products made from bicomponent fibers according to claim 11, in particular Nonwovens with a high bulk and a soft feel for hygienic areas.
DE19853544523 1984-12-21 1985-12-17 Process for the production of bicomponent fibres, fibres produced therefrom, and their use Granted DE3544523A1 (en)

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DE19853544523 DE3544523A1 (en) 1984-12-21 1985-12-17 Process for the production of bicomponent fibres, fibres produced therefrom, and their use

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Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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EP0260607A2 (en) * 1986-09-12 1988-03-23 Chisso Corporation Heat-adhesive composite fibers and method for making the same
EP0260974A2 (en) * 1986-09-19 1988-03-23 The Dow Chemical Company Biconstituent polypropylene/polyethylene fibers
US4839228A (en) * 1987-02-04 1989-06-13 The Dow Chemical Company Biconstituent polypropylene/polyethylene fibers
US4874666A (en) * 1987-01-12 1989-10-17 Unitika Ltd. Polyolefinic biconstituent fiber and nonwove fabric produced therefrom
EP0339410A1 (en) * 1988-04-23 1989-11-02 Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft auf Aktien Detergent product
US4950541A (en) * 1984-08-15 1990-08-21 The Dow Chemical Company Maleic anhydride grafts of olefin polymers
EP0462188A1 (en) * 1989-03-07 1991-12-27 The Dow Chemical Company Biconstituent polypropylene/polyethylene bonded fibers
WO1992002669A1 (en) * 1990-08-07 1992-02-20 The Dow Chemical Company Method for making biocomponent fibers
US5133917A (en) * 1986-09-19 1992-07-28 The Dow Chemical Company Biconstituent polypropylene/polyethylene fibers
WO1993006169A1 (en) * 1991-09-16 1993-04-01 Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. Plastomer compatibilized polyethylene/polypropylene blends
US5266392A (en) * 1991-09-16 1993-11-30 Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. Plastomer compatibilized polyethylene/polypropylene blends
US5460884A (en) * 1994-08-25 1995-10-24 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Soft and strong thermoplastic polymer fibers and nonwoven fabric made therefrom

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US5382400A (en) 1992-08-21 1995-01-17 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Nonwoven multicomponent polymeric fabric and method for making same
US5405682A (en) 1992-08-26 1995-04-11 Kimberly Clark Corporation Nonwoven fabric made with multicomponent polymeric strands including a blend of polyolefin and elastomeric thermoplastic material
CA2092604A1 (en) 1992-11-12 1994-05-13 Richard Swee-Chye Yeo Hydrophilic, multicomponent polymeric strands and nonwoven fabrics made therewith
US5482772A (en) 1992-12-28 1996-01-09 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Polymeric strands including a propylene polymer composition and nonwoven fabric and articles made therewith
DE4321560A1 (en) * 1993-06-29 1995-01-12 Danubia Petrochem Deutschland Polyolefin yarn and fabric

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US4469540A (en) * 1981-07-31 1984-09-04 Chisso Corporation Process for producing a highly bulky nonwoven fabric

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US4469540A (en) * 1981-07-31 1984-09-04 Chisso Corporation Process for producing a highly bulky nonwoven fabric

Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4950541A (en) * 1984-08-15 1990-08-21 The Dow Chemical Company Maleic anhydride grafts of olefin polymers
EP0260607A3 (en) * 1986-09-12 1989-11-23 Chisso Corporation Heat-adhesive composite fibers and method for making the same
EP0260607A2 (en) * 1986-09-12 1988-03-23 Chisso Corporation Heat-adhesive composite fibers and method for making the same
US5133917A (en) * 1986-09-19 1992-07-28 The Dow Chemical Company Biconstituent polypropylene/polyethylene fibers
EP0260974A2 (en) * 1986-09-19 1988-03-23 The Dow Chemical Company Biconstituent polypropylene/polyethylene fibers
EP0260974A3 (en) * 1986-09-19 1989-05-24 The Dow Chemical Company Biconstituent polypropylene/polyethylene fibers
US4874666A (en) * 1987-01-12 1989-10-17 Unitika Ltd. Polyolefinic biconstituent fiber and nonwove fabric produced therefrom
US4839228A (en) * 1987-02-04 1989-06-13 The Dow Chemical Company Biconstituent polypropylene/polyethylene fibers
EP0339410A1 (en) * 1988-04-23 1989-11-02 Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft auf Aktien Detergent product
WO1989010394A1 (en) * 1988-04-23 1989-11-02 Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien Detergent
EP0462188A1 (en) * 1989-03-07 1991-12-27 The Dow Chemical Company Biconstituent polypropylene/polyethylene bonded fibers
EP0462188A4 (en) * 1989-03-07 1992-06-03 The Dow Chemical Company Biconstituent polypropylene/polyethylene bonded fibers
WO1992002669A1 (en) * 1990-08-07 1992-02-20 The Dow Chemical Company Method for making biocomponent fibers
WO1993006169A1 (en) * 1991-09-16 1993-04-01 Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. Plastomer compatibilized polyethylene/polypropylene blends
US5266392A (en) * 1991-09-16 1993-11-30 Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. Plastomer compatibilized polyethylene/polypropylene blends
US5460884A (en) * 1994-08-25 1995-10-24 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Soft and strong thermoplastic polymer fibers and nonwoven fabric made therefrom
US5607798A (en) * 1994-08-25 1997-03-04 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Soft and strong thermoplastic polymer and nonwoven fabric laminates
US6224977B1 (en) 1994-08-25 2001-05-01 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Soft and strong thermoplastic polymer nonwoven fabric

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