DE2608990C2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- DE2608990C2 DE2608990C2 DE2608990A DE2608990A DE2608990C2 DE 2608990 C2 DE2608990 C2 DE 2608990C2 DE 2608990 A DE2608990 A DE 2608990A DE 2608990 A DE2608990 A DE 2608990A DE 2608990 C2 DE2608990 C2 DE 2608990C2
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- fat
- fatty acids
- carbon atoms
- content
- cis
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 claims description 87
- 235000019197 fats Nutrition 0.000 claims description 86
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 58
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 30
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 27
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 23
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 235000013310 margarine Nutrition 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000005194 fractionation Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000003264 margarine Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 235000021314 Palmitic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Pentadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000003626 triacylglycerols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000004671 saturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005809 transesterification reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000005456 glyceride group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- PHYFQTYBJUILEZ-IUPFWZBJSA-N triolein Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(OC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC)COC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC PHYFQTYBJUILEZ-IUPFWZBJSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019871 vegetable fat Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000003441 saturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 12
- 235000019482 Palm oil Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 239000002540 palm oil Substances 0.000 description 8
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 7
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000004213 low-fat Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000003549 soybean oil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000012424 soybean oil Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 5
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000019486 Sunflower oil Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000014121 butter Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000012343 cottonseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000002385 cottonseed oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000002600 sunflower oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- LDVVTQMJQSCDMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dihydroxypropan-2-yl formate Chemical compound OCC(CO)OC=O LDVVTQMJQSCDMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 244000105624 Arachis hypogaea Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000019483 Peanut oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 244000277375 Raphia vinifera Species 0.000 description 2
- WQDUMFSSJAZKTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium methoxide Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C WQDUMFSSJAZKTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013355 food flavoring agent Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000312 peanut oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000017060 Arachis glabrata Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010777 Arachis hypogaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000018262 Arachis monticola Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000016068 Berberis vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000335053 Beta vulgaris Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000002791 Brassica napus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000011293 Brassica napus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000000540 Brassica rapa subsp rapa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000020518 Carthamus tinctorius Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000003255 Carthamus tinctorius Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000020551 Helianthus annuus Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000000378 Helianthus x laetiflorus Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000005909 Kieselgur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000061176 Nicotiana tabacum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019485 Safflower oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000098338 Triticum aestivum Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020167 acidified milk Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004703 alkoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- -1 alkyl metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- OGBUMNBNEWYMNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N batilol Chemical class CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOCC(O)CO OGBUMNBNEWYMNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001055 chewing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003240 coconut oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019864 coconut oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000005687 corn oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002285 corn oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013345 egg yolk Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000002969 egg yolk Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000001804 emulsifying effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000021323 fish oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 1
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycerol group Chemical group OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010513 hydrogenated corn oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008173 hydrogenated soybean oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010699 lard oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000020232 peanut Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000005713 safflower oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003813 safflower oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000020183 skimmed milk Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003760 tallow Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010692 trans-unsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- UFTFJSFQGQCHQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N triformin Chemical compound O=COCC(OC=O)COC=O UFTFJSFQGQCHQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005457 triglyceride group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000011179 visual inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11C—FATTY ACIDS FROM FATS, OILS OR WAXES; CANDLES; FATS, OILS OR FATTY ACIDS BY CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF FATS, OILS, OR FATTY ACIDS OBTAINED THEREFROM
- C11C3/00—Fats, oils, or fatty acids by chemical modification of fats, oils, or fatty acids obtained therefrom
- C11C3/04—Fats, oils, or fatty acids by chemical modification of fats, oils, or fatty acids obtained therefrom by esterification of fats or fatty oils
- C11C3/10—Ester interchange
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23D—EDIBLE OILS OR FATS, e.g. MARGARINES, SHORTENINGS OR COOKING OILS
- A23D7/00—Edible oil or fat compositions containing an aqueous phase, e.g. margarines
- A23D7/001—Spread compositions
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23D—EDIBLE OILS OR FATS, e.g. MARGARINES, SHORTENINGS OR COOKING OILS
- A23D7/00—Edible oil or fat compositions containing an aqueous phase, e.g. margarines
- A23D7/015—Reducing calorie content; Reducing fat content, e.g. "halvarines"
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Edible Oils And Fats (AREA)
- Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8938/75A GB1544200A (en) | 1975-03-04 | 1975-03-04 | Fat blends |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE2608990A1 DE2608990A1 (de) | 1976-09-16 |
| DE2608990C2 true DE2608990C2 (en, 2012) | 1987-06-04 |
Family
ID=9862216
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19762608990 Granted DE2608990A1 (de) | 1975-03-04 | 1976-03-04 | Fettprodukt |
Country Status (14)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4087564A (en, 2012) |
| JP (1) | JPS51112556A (en, 2012) |
| AU (1) | AU499739B2 (en, 2012) |
| BE (1) | BE839108A (en, 2012) |
| CA (1) | CA1076878A (en, 2012) |
| DE (1) | DE2608990A1 (en, 2012) |
| FI (1) | FI59702C (en, 2012) |
| FR (1) | FR2303071A1 (en, 2012) |
| GB (1) | GB1544200A (en, 2012) |
| IE (1) | IE42496B1 (en, 2012) |
| IT (1) | IT1062181B (en, 2012) |
| NL (1) | NL175583C (en, 2012) |
| SE (1) | SE429285B (en, 2012) |
| ZA (1) | ZA761277B (en, 2012) |
Families Citing this family (19)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4335156A (en) * | 1980-09-19 | 1982-06-15 | Nabisco Brands, Inc. | Edible fat product |
| EP0070050B1 (en) | 1981-06-15 | 1984-09-19 | Unilever N.V. | Margarine fat blend |
| US4390561A (en) * | 1981-11-04 | 1983-06-28 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Margarine oil product |
| US4388339A (en) * | 1981-11-04 | 1983-06-14 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Margarine and method for making same |
| US4447462A (en) * | 1981-11-04 | 1984-05-08 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Structural fat and method for making same |
| US4425370A (en) | 1982-01-15 | 1984-01-10 | Land O'lakes, Inc. | Process for making margarine-type food product |
| DE3372902D1 (en) * | 1982-11-22 | 1987-09-17 | Unilever Nv | Margarine fat blend |
| AU555763B2 (en) * | 1983-01-31 | 1986-10-09 | Unilever Plc | Less grainy butter-like fat |
| NL8302198A (nl) * | 1983-06-21 | 1985-01-16 | Unilever Nv | Margarinevetmengsel en werkwijze ter bereiding van een dergelijk vetmengsel. |
| US4568556A (en) * | 1983-06-24 | 1986-02-04 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Margarine product and process |
| FR2570388B1 (fr) * | 1984-09-18 | 1986-12-05 | Daniel Gerschel | Phase grasse pour produits alimentaires, procede pour sa preparation et produits alimentaires contenant ladite phase grasse |
| GB8501778D0 (en) * | 1985-01-24 | 1985-02-27 | Unilever Plc | Fat blends containing milk fat |
| GB8522622D0 (en) * | 1985-09-12 | 1985-10-16 | Unilever Plc | Edible water-in-oil emulsions |
| GB2182942B (en) * | 1985-11-15 | 1989-10-04 | Unilever Plc | Improvements in and relating to margarine and like fat compositions |
| US4952606A (en) * | 1988-04-05 | 1990-08-28 | New England Deaconess Hospital Corporation | Structured lipid containing dairy fat |
| GB8911819D0 (en) * | 1989-05-23 | 1989-07-12 | Unilever Plc | Counter current dry fractional crystallization |
| AU7163991A (en) * | 1990-01-04 | 1991-07-24 | Procter & Gamble Company, The | Low saturate, all-purpose plastic shortening with specially hydrogenated intermediate-melting fat component |
| US5064670A (en) * | 1990-04-06 | 1991-11-12 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Low-saturate frying fat and method of frying food |
| GB9101462D0 (en) * | 1991-01-23 | 1991-03-06 | Unilever Plc | Edible spread |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2855311A (en) * | 1956-06-04 | 1958-10-07 | Swift & Co | Triglyceride compositions |
| US3939282A (en) * | 1973-05-07 | 1976-02-17 | Lever Brothers Company | Food product |
| GB1431906A (en) * | 1972-05-10 | 1976-04-14 | Unilever Ltd | Margarine |
| GB1481418A (en) * | 1973-10-09 | 1977-07-27 | Unilever Ltd | Margarine |
-
1975
- 1975-03-04 GB GB8938/75A patent/GB1544200A/en not_active Expired
-
1976
- 1976-02-27 SE SE7602860A patent/SE429285B/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1976-03-01 FI FI760527A patent/FI59702C/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1976-03-01 IE IE414/76A patent/IE42496B1/en unknown
- 1976-03-02 CA CA246,989A patent/CA1076878A/en not_active Expired
- 1976-03-02 US US05/663,021 patent/US4087564A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1976-03-02 FR FR7605837A patent/FR2303071A1/fr active Granted
- 1976-03-02 AU AU11565/76A patent/AU499739B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1976-03-02 BE BE164788A patent/BE839108A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1976-03-03 JP JP51022317A patent/JPS51112556A/ja active Granted
- 1976-03-03 IT IT67513/76A patent/IT1062181B/it active
- 1976-03-03 NL NLAANVRAGE7602175,A patent/NL175583C/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1976-03-03 ZA ZA761277A patent/ZA761277B/xx unknown
- 1976-03-04 DE DE19762608990 patent/DE2608990A1/de active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| SE7602860L (sv) | 1976-09-06 |
| BE839108A (fr) | 1976-09-02 |
| JPS51112556A (en) | 1976-10-05 |
| FI59702C (fi) | 1981-10-12 |
| NL7602175A (nl) | 1976-09-07 |
| JPS5758897B2 (en, 2012) | 1982-12-11 |
| DE2608990A1 (de) | 1976-09-16 |
| AU1156576A (en) | 1977-09-08 |
| NL175583C (nl) | 1984-12-03 |
| ZA761277B (en) | 1977-10-26 |
| IT1062181B (it) | 1983-07-28 |
| GB1544200A (en) | 1979-04-11 |
| FR2303071B1 (en, 2012) | 1979-05-18 |
| US4087564A (en) | 1978-05-02 |
| CA1076878A (en) | 1980-05-06 |
| FI59702B (fi) | 1981-06-30 |
| IE42496L (en) | 1976-09-04 |
| AU499739B2 (en) | 1979-05-03 |
| FR2303071A1 (fr) | 1976-10-01 |
| IE42496B1 (en) | 1980-08-27 |
| FI760527A7 (en, 2012) | 1976-09-05 |
| SE429285B (sv) | 1983-08-29 |
| NL175583B (nl) | 1984-07-02 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| OD | Request for examination | ||
| 8128 | New person/name/address of the agent |
Representative=s name: KOHLER, M., DIPL.-CHEM. DR.RER.NAT., 8000 MUENCHEN |
|
| D2 | Grant after examination | ||
| 8364 | No opposition during term of opposition | ||
| 8339 | Ceased/non-payment of the annual fee |