DE2051416A1 - A method for producing a tape with a selvedge with protruding loops, a needle loom for carrying out this method and a tape made according to this method, in particular for zippers - Google Patents

Description

Process for the production of an i3and.es with selvedge with out s I; eh en the loops, needle loom to Implementation of this process and tape produced by this process, in particular for zippers

The invention relates to a method for producing a one of its edges with a selvedge with protruding Looped tape with the help of a needle loom.

The invention further relates to a needle loom for carrying out the method according to the invention and to a ribbon made using this method and loom.

A needle loom is known to have several advantages over a shuttle loom in the manufacture of ribbons. However, the needle loom, especially when it is used to produce a tape with a selvedge, ie a ribbon with protruding loops, in which the loops are formed from the weft thread, also has some disadvantages. These loops can be only to that of the hands of the selvage of the selvage achieve from which establishes the

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Weft threads are entered, on the condition that a dummy warp thread is used, which consists of a Auxiliary thread made of metal or plastic, which is in his Length is limited and with one of its ends at one of this end to accompany one of the warp thread rows in their Shed opening movements constrained point of the loom attached and its other end is caught over a short distance in the tissue. This other end goes along with it the gradual emergence of the ribbon progressively out of the fabric, thus releasing the weft loops that the form protruding loops. With the help of this remedy, it is not possible on the other, i.e. the. Edge from which here the needle penetrates, opposite edge to make loops, since the weft threads are on this opposite edge must be connected to one another by any means, namely by a means which corresponds to the means, which is used on sewing machines to hold the sewing thread on the opposite side of the fabric from the needle, what purpose of the kettling point, auxiliary holding thread, etc. are used. This binding is necessary so that the last warp thread goes through the Weft is wrapped around to prevent its leakage from the tissue.

It is the object of the invention to create a method which makes it possible to produce a tape with protruding loops manufacture in which these loops are formed with the help of an auxiliary weft needle and on that of the edges of the tape appear, of the edge from which this auxiliary weft needle penetrates, is opposite.

This object is achieved according to the invention in that over at least one lying on the insertion side of the weft threads Part of one of the two main warp thread rows necessary for weaving the tape, an auxiliary warp thread row formed from auxiliary warp threads arranged and this auxiliary warp thread row is forced, which during the weaving process a through the main warp

thread row executed shed opening movements to follow that at least with certain of these shed openings in the Hardly a selvedge thread is inserted between the main warp thread row and the auxiliary warp thread row, this being the case Entry with the help of a needle in the manner of a double weft and in the direction of the double wefts The weft thread of the tape takes place in the opposite direction, so that the loops of the selvedge double wefts formed in this way outside of the warp thread row on the edge side of the tape held and the selvedge double weft loops Execution of several specialist opening movements following this entry released or released so that the selvedge double weft loops after their release form the protruding loops. I.

This method enables in particular the production of a tape with protruding loops, which is intended to form one of the two halves of a zipper. In this case, a selvedge thread is used which contains a deformable material at least on its parts intended to form the protruding loops, a local deformation of this deformable material being carried out at the point of the heads of these protruding loops in such a way that the cross-section of the Webkantenfadens receives a form that allows the protruding loops hooking forming tape by inserting between the challenges g standing loops of a matching, the other half of the zipper.

To carry out the method according to the invention, a needle loom with at least one is assigned to a hook and weft needle and at least one weft needle intended for inserting the weft thread of the tape in the form of double wefts proposed specific auxiliary needle for inserting a selvedge thread in the form of double wefts, this new one

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Loom is characterized by the fact that it is suitable for holding the loops of the selvedge double wefts Retaining means is provided and contains a free needle which is arranged parallel to and on the side of the tape is the point where the needle in the barely between the main warp thread row and the auxiliary warp thread row penetrates, facing with the free needle arranged to pass through the loops the double weft of selvedge thread is wrapped around, In order to hold the loops in the transverse direction outside of the belt and to enable them to move freely the adjustment of the belt in the longitudinal direction to slide on her, and (also) has holding means that are in the Are able to keep the free needle before each looping by looping the double wefts of selvedge thread To hold position.

If this needle loom is intended for the production of a tape for zippers, it also contains means which are suitable for the cross-section of the selvedge thread the places where the heads stick out Loops forms to give a permanent deformation that makes the cross-section more parallel to the longitudinal axis of the belt Direction widened in such a way that the protruding loops are given the required shape so that they are can serve as hooking elements in a zipper.

The new tape produced with the aid of the method is characterized in that it has a tape body and a Contains selvedge in which a selvedge thread in the form a spiral is included, the front winding loops protrude beyond the outer edge of the selvedge and the protruding loops form that the The tape body has the structure of a fabric formed by interlacing a double weft thread with warp thread of simple Has strength and that the selvedge has the structure of a

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Fabric of double thickness with interweaves, the one by interlacing a first row of double wefts of the weft thread formed with a first row of warp threads, The lower layer is arranged on one side of the spiral and forms one of the sides of the selvedge, one by braiding a second set of double picks of the weft thread with an auxiliary warp thread row and a wide warp thread row formed, lying on the other side of the spiral and forming the other side of the selvedge upper layer and Contains intermediate weaves, those of the traversing pieces of the double wefts of the second row and of the traversing Pieces of warp thread of the second row are formed, with the traversing pieces from one to the other ™

these layers run and are arranged between the successive turns of the spiral in such a way that that they go through the back turn loops of the spiral be embraced.

If this band is to form one of the two halves of a zipper, the selvedge thread contains at least one in its parts forming the windings a deformable limaterial and has the cross-section of the thread at the tips the coil loops cause a deformation to give it to the coils makes it possible to fit into the corresponding turns of the other half of this zipper forming ^ second strap.

The following description relates to the method, to an embodiment of a needle loom for implementation of the method, to an embodiment of a particular one, the production of a tape for zippers enabling loom and an embodiment of a tape produced with the aid of the method. she is illustrated by the accompanying drawing and it shows ϊ

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I ' ¹ ic 1 a schematic representation explaining the method,

^1G * simplified views, i.e. a side view or top view, of a part of the special loom,

Fig. 4 is a plan view of the with the aid of the loom according to Fig. 2 and 3 produced tape, in enlarged Scale,

^1G * ^ 'plan views or a section along the line un / yji_yxi ^ _n Fig. 6 of a first variant of a special element of the loom according to Figs. 2 and 3,

8 shows a plan view or a section along the line and 9 IX-IX in FIG. 8 of a second variant of this element,

FIG. 10 shows a plan view or a section along the line 11 and 11 'XI-XI in FIG. 10 of a third variant of the same special element,

FIG. 12 shows an example of a tape for zippers produced by using the method and 13; FIG. 12 showing a side view and FIG. 13 showing a plan view,

14 shows a section along the line XIV-XIV in FIG. 13,

15 shows a plan view and cross-sections of a part a fourth variant of the particular element which is specially designed for the application of the method according to Fig. 2 and 3 »

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Pip;. 16 different examples of ϊΌπη that are another to 21 may have a special element for the purpose of this application,

22 shows a plan view of three exemplary embodiments of one to 2Pr auxiliary care that the loom according to FIGS. 2 and 3 can contain for the purpose of applying the method,

25 is a perspective, partially broken away shown detailed schematic view of the structure of the band obtained,

26 shows a schematic cross section or a schematic and 27 matic longitudinal section through the tissue 25 when viewed in the direction of arrow A or arrow B.

The method according to the invention is illustrated schematically in FIG. Han sees two main rows 1 and 2 on which the warp threads 3 are divided. It is assumed that, according to this scheme, the warp threads belong alternately to the two warp thread rows, namely the odd-numbered warp threads 3 ^ »3-j ····, 3? N belong to & ^er warp thread row 1, while the even-numbered threads 3oj 3 ^ »···· ^u cLe *" belong to row 2 of warp threads. The weft of the tape

is formed from double weft threads, for example the double weft thread 4-, the loop 5 of which the two legs My. and 4p limited. These double weft threads are inserted from the edge 6 of the tape in the direction indicated by the arrow 7. Above the warp thread row 2 there is a so-called selvedge warp thread row 9 »which is formed from auxiliary warp threads 8p, 8 ^, · .., β.ρ, which are perpendicular above the threads 3p» 3 / p ...., 3 ^ o ^ - ^eT main warp thread row 2 are arranged, which are located on the side of the edge 6 of the tape from which the insertion of the double weft threads 4-orfoigt. 109817 / U93

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The selvedge warp thread row 9 retains compared to the main warp thread row 2 has a relatively unchangeable position and follows the compartment opening movements that this takes place in Weaving the ribbon executes. With certain compartment openings, for example every second compartment opening, in the space between the warp thread rows 2 and 9 two legs connected by a loop of a so-called. Selvedge auxiliary thread entered, as shown in Fig. 1 for the two legs 11 and 11p connected to one another by the loop 12 can be seen. This loop 12 forms the head of the two legs 11. and 11p formed pair 11. This pair 11 is entered in the manner of a double shot, which is why in the following this pair is referred to as "selvedge double weft thread" becomes, although the selvedge thread is in the woven tape like a zigzag arranged warp thread and doesn't behave like a weft. The insertion of the selvedge double weft takes place in the insertion direction 7 of the double weft thread 4- of the weft of the tape in the opposite direction 13 instead. Then it will be the loop 12 of this selvedge double weft thread 11 held outside the warp thread rows 2 and 9, at least until several of them are reached Entry of the following compartment opening movements, whereupon the loop is released or released. The loops these double weft threads 11 form after they are released from the edge 6 of the selvedge 16 of the tape protruding selvedge loops 15

In the above, the very simple case has been described in which the warp threads 3 in alternating order are divided between the two main warp thread rows 1 and 2. It lights jedoclj ^ in that also any arbitrary other division of the warp thread is possible. Likewise, the width of the selvedge 16 is arbitrary. This selvedge could at most extend to the edge 17, the

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the edge 6 from which the loops 15 protrude, opposite. The alternation of the Eintraraincen can be closed the double weft threads 4 of the weft and the double weft threads 11 formed from the Webkan th thread (in the described For example, every second entry of the double weft threads of the weft is an entry of one Selvedge double weft thread) as a function of the most diverse Criteria such as the purpose of the ribbon, the desired decorative effect, Strength and appearance of the selvedge, etc., can be chosen at will.

As for the machine to carry out the above As far as the procedure is concerned, this is a lladel loom of the usual type, on which the changes can be made, which are set out below on the basis of E'ig. 2 and 3 are described, in which the frame 20 can also be seen, which carries the holder 21 to which the tape guide 22 is attached is. The needle 24 is the usual needle that is used to insert the double weft thread in every loom of this type causes. A mechanism, not shown, adjusts this needle x ^ eriodisch-so that it with the hook 27 the loop 5 of the double weft thread that you Eye of the needle 25 enters the compartment opening. The hook 27 moves under the action of a Hechanismus not shown in the longitudinal direction of the tape to produce a the hand of the band 23 forming ICettelnaht 10. The aforementioned There are elements in your ITadelvreb chair and are well known, so there is no need to describe them in detail here.

Li'-; the subject of the invention forming modification exists initially in the presence of an auxiliary needle 28, which is intended to cause the selvage thread to be entered. This auxiliary needle 28 is carried by a vertical shaft 29, dic around its axis JO below? Effect of a not shown The drive mechanism rotates back and forth periodically so that the weaving connector 28 is fully drawn out of its position in FIG shown iäihoötigkeit in their striclitiert at 28 ' Brag position shown moved.

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The modification also ordered in the Vorhan dense in a so-called. Free needle 51, which has the shape of a hook in the example shown. This hook reads parallel to the hand of the tape on which the selvedge 52 with protruding loops Λ ¹ ) is to be produced. This hook is free in the sense that it is not attached to any element of the I ¹ Ia sch ine. Only one stop 55 cooperates with its beak 54 in order to hold it, the stop being provided with a slot 55 into which the beak engages. The shaft 56 of the free needle is held in its correct position by the loops 12 of the selvedge double weft threads inserted during the preceding phases of the weaving process. The stop 55 is attached to the end of a slide pin 57 and receives a slight back and forth movement parallel to the hand of the selvedge 52 each time the needle 2ü executes its insertion movement ^ - to expose (the free needle) so that the loop of the selvedge double weft thread can wrap around it. This return is effected by a mechanism consisting of a lever which is pivotable about an axis 59 and of which an arm 40 is actuated by a rotatable cam disk 42 which has a flat 45 and on any suitable Hittel, not shown driven shaft 44 is attached. An Eeder 45 exerts a tensile force on the other arm 40 of this lever in such a way that the arm 41 is kept in contact with the cam disk 42.

The operation of this machine is based on Eig. 4th clear, which is a plan view of the band 25 in the making, at a point in time through 'the needle 24 a double weft thread 4 into the shed opening (between the main warp thread rows 1 and 2 according to 1) is inserted, while at the same time a double weft 11 of the selvedge thread through the auxiliary needle 20 under the Auxiliary warp thread row 9 between it and the main warp thread

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row 2 is entered. The loop 5 of the double weft thread 4 is hooked into the beak of the chain In alith aliens 27, while the loop 12 of the double weft 11 thread from the selvedge is hooked into the beak 34 of the free needle 51 is and the stop 33 (Fig. 2, 3) is in the retracted position in which it releases the beak 34. At the time when the auxiliary needle 28 in the direction retracts to its rest position, caused by the (not shown) feed system for the selvedge thread exerted tension that the loop 12 of the double weft thread 11 under the beak 34 of the free Uadel 31 slides and forms one of the loop 15 corresponding loop. The stop 33 then returns to its position in FIGS. 2 and 3 position shown and prevents f

the free! censure 31 by the indicated in by the arrow 46 Direction of passing tape 25 is taken. The loops 15 streaking out slide along dos Shank 36 of the free needle 31 and slip progressively about his end 47 from him. During this period of time, the weft needle (which inserts the weft of the tape) also pulls out 24 and the warp stitching hook 27 performs the known movement that creates the interlinking 18.

So it turns out that one of the essential parts of the The needle loom for carrying out the method according to the invention is the free needle 31. In the above Example (which refers to a loom making a single ribbon, but it is clear that a multiple Ribbon making loom would contain a auxiliary needle 28 and a free needle 31 per ribbon) has this free The needle has the shape of a 36 inch pin (forming its shaft) a beak 34 (forming its head) is provided. However, it is not the case that a special shape with numerous variants is possible here.

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So the head can take the form of a crutch 51 (Figs. 5 - 6 and 7) which is delimited on the side facing away from the tape by a concave profile. If necessary, the Krükke with one or even two beads 53 »54- (Fig. 6 and 7), which serve to facilitate interaction with the stop 33 discussed with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3. In this case, the stop can have the shape of a fork, as shown in Fig. 6 in dashed lines at 55, is.

The head (of the free needle 31) can also consist of a spherical Thickening 56 (Figs. 8 and 9) exist on the Shank is attached in an eccentric position to it, the eccentric formation from the side facing away from the band is directed from. This spherical thickening interacts with the stop, which is adapted to this head shape Has shape.

The head (of the free needle 31) can also take the form of a nail head 58 (Figs. 10 and 11), its to the tape adjacent part 59 has been knocked off.

In each of these types of free needle, the abutting edges are rounded or even completely eliminated in order to avoid that the selvedge thread when looping around the needle head and is damaged as it slides down the shaft of the needle.

Numerous other variants of the free needle are conceivable and there is no need to be exhaustive here To give enumeration of them. In all of these variants, the head has a double task, and that is to make it easier he on the one hand the looping of the free needle through the selvedge thread and on the other hand he works with the Stop together. In all cases this head forms one located at one end of the needle and one from that of the tape remote side from directed protrusion, the opposite

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de.r! '' aclioffnunc; lie nut, while the shank along the San dos the selvage is arranged.

In certain! '' All of the free Iiadel even a head in the actual YY in η may be missing. It is sufficient if the shaft of the needle has a cross-section that decreases from one end to the other, the cross-section reduction being chosen so that the tension exerted on the selvedge thread has a sufficient longitudinal component to move the needle with every flapping movement ^c1 - ^e & comb JS (! '' Fig. 2) to slide in the direction of advance of the tape opposite seal, the sliding of the free needle opposite the loops has the necessary value (amount) to reduce the f

To compensate for the forward movement of the tape, so that due to this effect of a "reversible wedge" the free needle ultimately maintains a position that is unchangeable with respect to the loom. Such a simple design or arrangement that avoids the use of a stop to prevent the free needle from being hit by the tape can only be used in relatively limited cases, in many cases the value of the tension exerted on the selvedge thread and the word of the coefficient of friction between the material of which the selvedge thread is made and the ha burial of which the free needle is made allow it. However, in most i'ällen to M can not prevent the aid of a stop.

The free needle is not necessarily a straight line, and indeed may be offset slightly upwards in particular their head relative to the shaft to be arranged as the strength in B ¹ in the beak J4. 2 shown free needle 31 is a case.

The material from which the free needle is made has does not matter, provided that it withstands the forces exerted by the tension of the wobkan thread.

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Most of the time, the free needle is made of metal, wood or one Made of plastic.

In the example according to! '' Eat. 2 and 3 is a movable stop Stop performing a paddling bowerjung, which expose the head (the free needle) at least at the time when the selvedge thread pulls it out (on End of the insertion movement carried out by the auxiliary needle 28) should wrap around, and the return of the ITadel in its correct position has the consequence by moving it in the longitudinal direction relative to the loops formed is shifted in such a way that their progressive entrainment prevented by the tape.

Since the head of the free needle tends to sink due to the eccentric arrangement of its center of gravity by rotating the free needle around its longitudinal axis, the stop also causes the head to be returned to its correct vertical position by moving the free needle around its longitudinal axis can perform an opposite rotational movement that compensates for the first.

However, the stop can also be immobile. That is enough it is that it has an elasticity that gives the selvedge thread at the time it is wrapped around the head the free needle enables it to be spread apart so that the loop or loop formed from it to the shaft of the free needle can slide out, this elasticity returns the stop in its correct position, so that He has two effects on the head of the free needle, i.e. that of its entrainment and that of its rotation Effect, can exert.

It can therefore be seen that the stop, regardless of whether it is movable or stationary, represents a holding means that is able to hold the free needle in the same position before each looping through the weft loops made of selvedge thread. 109817/1493

As discussed above, the cross section of the Change the shaft (of the free needle) in its longitudinal direction. This change can affect both the base area as well as the shape of this cross-section, or even both. The change in the green area has the ■ relief the sliding of the loops to the main task, the change in shape can be used for this purpose can give the loops a certain profile, which has the purpose, for example, of giving the tape a special one decorative appearance or a special technical effect: au. These changes in the base area and / or shape can be continuous or interrupted.

Hereinafter, an example will now be described in which a continuous change in the shape of the cross section (dor free needle) of a tape is used to establish which one of the two ^f rush l ¹ is intended to form a hot shutter, the hooking members of the gei'iäss the above- described method produced protruding loops are formed. In this application (of the method), the selvedge thread is a thread which is at least partially made of a deformable material, for example nylon. In the following example it is assumed that this thread is a homogeneous one-piece thread. The selvedge of the tape is produced in the manner described above in order to obtain the protruding loops. After the loops have been formed, the cross-section of the one-piece thread forming them is deformed in order to produce thickenings of the cross-section at the tips of the loops, which are oriented along a longitudinal axis parallel to the edge of the selvedge. This is illustrated in Fig. 12 and 13, in multiple dor circular cross section 65 of the one-piece thread GG forming the selvedge thread and rentals GV and Go are visible, the loops VO protruding at the tips υ 9 dor in the longitudinal axis VI of the

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Wob edge 16 are made in a parallel direction. Various methods can be used to produce these thickenings by means of deformation, namely a free needle can be used, the shaft of which has the profile of a wedge over at least part of its length. This is illustrated in FIGS. 13 and 14, from which it can be seen that the shaft of the free needle 31 has a cross section 75 which is elongated outward from the selvedge 16 and is delimited by two flanks 76, 77 which unite along a rounded edge 78 forming the tip of the heater. The fact of using a free needle beveled in this way results in the reduction of the radius of curvature of the holder on which the loops are formed, and thus the stress to which the material forming the one-piece thread is subjected at this point to a point where at which this stress exceeds the elastic limit of the material, which is compressed or squeezed as a result, thereby giving rise to thickenings 67, 68. The stress to which the material of the one-piece thread is subjected can be increased by using a free needle, the shaft of which has a cross-section which, as can be seen from FIG. 15, changes from one point to another. 15 shows that, proceeding from the head of the free needle assumed to be on the left side, its shaft 36 initially has a circular cross section A, is then flattened and has an essentially rectangular cross section B. Furthermore, the shaft is beveled and its cross-section has a shape C, which is reminiscent of the shape of the cross-section 75 according to FIG The shaft. The height hp goes from this bulge. of the cross-section to the value hp _o h- ^, which it had at B. Then the shaft becomes progressively thinner, with the base of the

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Cross-section gradually decreases, and ends in an end 80 with a circular cross-section I ' ¹ . This example, which shows the courtesy of bringing about the deformation of the protruding loops, which is necessary so that the sand can be used as a locking element, shows that the shaft of the free needle has different shapes and that its cross-section in particular can change both in terms of its shape and its base.

In the above example the preparation of a part of a lieissverschlusses provided tape was assumed that the Webkantenfaden consisted of a similar of deformable one-piece homogeneous liaterial produced yarn. However, other types of thread may also come into consideration, in particular (FIG. 16) a conventional textile thread 82 which is clad with a protective layer of deformable material S3 that forms a covering around the thread, or a conventional one (FIG. 1?) i'exfcilfaden 82, which is partially, ie, on only one 'x' part of its cross section, covered or coated with a longitudinally extending layer 83 made of deformable material. The thread 82, which to a certain extent forms the core of the selvedge thread, can be replaced by a non-textile thread-like element, for example by a metal wire or a one-piece metal wire. ^ The cross-section of the selvedge thread can be different than circular 'round hoin. This is already shown in Fig. 17 _} in which the outline 84 of the transverse thread is egg-shaped, but one could use a flat selvedge thread with a cross-section whose outline is essentially rectangular, so that the textile, metallic or other core 85 of this thread itself is flat (FIG. 18) or that only the covering made of deformable material 86 has an essentially rectangular outline, while the core 85 has a circular cross-section (FIG. 19). The sojohl around the entire circumference (as in FIG. 16) and also partially around the circumference (as in FIG. 17) with a deformable casing

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Haterial can be continuous, i.e. stretch over the entire length of the thread extending or interrupted, i.e. only at the points of the thread where the protruding loops arise let, (see Figs. 20 and 21) be arranged. The selvedge thread can also be hollow and the shape of a Kohres or a hose made of metal or some other deformable haterial. Finally it can be pre-marked, i.e. be provided beforehand with local deformations, which are located in places that after it has been in the selvedge has been processed, coincide with the tips of the loops, these local deformations either Beginnings of the deformations forming the hooking elements from the protruding loops or the final deformations represent yourself.

In general, as discussed above, the selvedge thread must be formed entirely or partially from one material be that at the same time flexible enough to shape the Loops, sufficiently deformable, so that the cross-section of the thread at the tips of a zipper tape the loops can be deformed in the required manner so that these loops are the hooking organs of such Can form a zipper, and is sufficiently rigid that these hooking elements, after they have been formed, in which zippers can do their job. The choice of this material is the result of a compromise between the necessary flexibility, deformability and rigidity, this compromise besides the Transverse structure of the thread, which is homogeneous (one-piece solid thread, one-piece hollow thread) or heterogeneous (covered "Armored" thread with a metallic or non-metallic single thread core or textile, metallic or other, stranded or non-stranded multi-filament core) and depends on the longitudinal structure of the thread which can be uniform or uneven.

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The deformation of the (cross-section of the protruding loops can be facilitated or supported by external aids be .. So you can, as from i'ig. 22, add an upsetting tool 48 to the loom which is equipped with a Inclined surface 4-9 is provided to the heads 69 of the protruding Loops 70 progressively against shaft 36 to upset or squeeze the free needle while it is under the action of the movement of the tape on the shaft slide along. This upsetting tool can be attached to the tape guide 22, for example.

A hammer can also be used, which by repeatedly hitting the heads of the protruding - loops as they pass on the shaft of the free needle, which serves as an anvil, causes compression

t.

Here there are 3? A mechanical means acting aids, llan can also use thermal aids by heating the heads of the protruding loops caused by softening the material from which the selvedge thread is made, which facilitates cross-sectional deformation caused by the profile of the shaft of the needle. This warming can be brought about in a very simple manner by providing the loom with a nozzle 86 which points to the A jet of hot air 89 is directed at the head of the loops. the The aforementioned mechanical and thermal means can be combined in different ways, the need not be described in detail here.

UG gives, however, one of the mechanical and thermal effects combining special means, namely the use of a high frequency oscillation, in particular one Ultrasonic frequency. Such an ultrasonic vibration i: i with the help of, for example, a piezoelectric V / and-

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lers that the heads of the loops against the shaft 36 of the free needle. This means is shown in Fig. 24. The ultrasonic transducer has a massive Body 90 in which the piezoelectric system and a vibration concentrator 91 are arranged, the end 92 of which with the heads 69 of the loops 70 comes into contact while they move past the shaft 36 of the free needle. It turns out that this system has a mechanical effect (the hammering at high frequency due to the vibration) with a thermal effect (the heating due to the absorption of the ultrasonic vibration inside the material, from which the selvedge thread is made) combined.

The structure of the using the method described above The resulting ribbon with selvedge (sliver) with protruding loops is shown schematically in FIGS. 25 to 27 shown in detail, in the particular case in which the selvedge thread at every second I was registered after the opening.

The band shown consists of three files, one Body 101 which has the structure of a normal fabric of single thickness, selvage 102 which has the structure of a fabric with double thickness and intermediate weaves, and a flattened spiral, its winding loops 104- the protruding selvedges form loops (Figures 25 and 26). The body 101 of the belt is made by usual Interweaving of warp thread 105 with double wefts 106, 107 formed of a weft thread. The selvedge 102 (Fig. 26) is formed from a first braid 108, which is made of the Warp thread 109, 110, 111 and 112 and the double wefts 1OG of the weft thread, and a wide mesh 113, which consists of the warp threads 114, 115 and 116 and the double wefts 107 of the weft thread. The first gel. "]. Real

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108 forms the lower layer of the double thickness fabric, while the second braid 113 forms its upper layer. The flattened spiral 103 is enclosed between these two layers. The thread forming this spiral 103 is none other than the selvedge thread 11 discussed with reference to FIG. 1, while the warp threads belonging to the upper layer 113 of the selvedge are those which, according to FIG. 1, form the auxiliary warp thread row 9. As far as the warp threads belonging to the lower layer 108 are concerned, they are those which form the main rows of warp threads 1 and 2 according to FIG. The warp threads belonging to the upper layer 113 have a higher tension than the warp threads belonging to the lower layer 108, which determines the latter (warp thread), namely the threads 111 and the double wefts 107 of the weft thread (ie those between the insertions of the selvedge double weft threads are entered) forces you to "climb" up to the level of the upper layer 113. It follows from this that the “vertical” parts 111a of this warp thread 111 and the “vertical” parts 107a and 107b of the double wefts 107 represent the intermediate bonds of the fabric forming the selvedge with double thickness. The same "vertical" parts 111a of the warp thread 111 and the "vertical" parts 107a, 107b of the weft threads 107 also form intermediate thicknesses which separate the successive turns (for example the turns 117-118) of the spiral from one another and they are mutually equidistant from one another in planes that are perpendicular to the weave and parallel to one another (for example for the turns 117 »11Ö in planes 117a, 118a). As for the other "vertical" parts 107a of the double wefts 107 (which are intertwined with the "inner" parts 119 of the turns of the spiral 103), they prevent these turns from breaking out of the fabric, and consequently anchor the spiral 103 in dor selvedge (ribbon) 102. As the warp thread 114, 11, ^c ; and 11 ^r J dor ο boron layer 113 Hind also those in dor lower

1 0 9 8 1 7 / U 9 3 _22-

205U16

Layer 108 delimiting the selvedge 102 in its width "Outer" warp thread 109 and 112 (the main warp thread row 2 (! '' ig. 1) belong) to a higher tension than the other warp threads 110 and 111 of this lower layer, so that any adjustment or displacement of these elements forming the selvedge 102 in width is prevented.

As already discussed above, such a band can form one half of a zipper, provided that that the selvedge thread has rigidity and that the KUj) Ie 104- the turns of the spiral 103 are deformed in such a way that they are pushed between the heads the spiral of another matching band can hook into each other. In this case the selvedge thread In addition to the various shapes already listed, the shape of a wire made of metal or metal alloys to have. It can also be made from a bundle made of plastic, made of metal or one-piece threads or wires made of an alloy which are twisted together or not. Provided the selvedge thread has the shape of a tube or hose (tubular one-piece thread that consists of a plastic, a metal or a metal alloy), this tube or fill this tube with a material forming the soul of this selvedge thread. Except for the case mentioned, in which the core is made of a textile thread or a metal wire (the selvedge thread is then a "covered" thread), the core can be made of any soft, non-textile material.

The invention thus enables the production of a tape for zippers in a completely continuous manner, without the one caused by the previously known methods

109817 / U93

205H16

- 23 -

To be subject to restrictions, either in the necessity of using a prefabricated spiral, if one wants to build this spiral into the selvedge during the weaving of the tape like a warp thread, or in the necessity of using a loom with • two shooters, if ruan wants to produce the bpirale starting from a thread-like Kleinent formed into a spiral in the course of the weaving of the land, whereby one of these shooters contains the weft thread and the other this thread-like element, the latter constraint entailing the slowing down of the production due to the need to the shooters often fill su must v / eil only limited lengths of thread etc.

may contain. The possibility of using a Loom with two hadels of the type described above is a significant advantage because the Feed of the thread for the spiral and the weft thread can be guaranteed in an uninterrupted manner, so that the production speed reaches very high values.

Pat ent to cni-üche:

109817 / U93

Claims (1)

205H16 Pat tan sp r ü c Ii e Method of making one at one of his children with a selvedge with lic protruding the loops provided tape with the help of a needle loom, characterized in that, that over at least one on the insertion side of the weft threads (4) lying part of one (2) of the two to Weaving the tape necessary main warp thread rows (1, 2) an auxiliary warp thread row formed from auxiliary warp threads (8) (9) is arranged and forced during the weaving process executed through the main warp thread row (2) i'all opening movements to follow that at least with certain these specialist openings in the barely between the Main warp thread row (2) and the auxiliary warp thread row (9) a selvedge thread (11) is inserted, this .entry with the aid of an auxiliary needle (28) in the manner of a double shot (11 ,,, 11o) and in the seal (7) of the double shot (4-., 4p) of the weft thread (4) of the tape (23) opposite direction (13) takes place that the so formed Loops (12) the selvedge double wefts (11, *, 11p) outside the warp thread rows (2, 9) on the purl side (b) the tape held in place and the selvedge double weft loops (12) after executing several opening movements following the entry, released bf; w. released so that the selvedge double weft loops (12) form the protruding loops (15) after their release. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the Vobkantenfnden (11) a one-piece! '"Aden (over, 1' ¹ If ¹ ;. 12 and 15) made of deformable material is used. 109817 / U93 - 25 - >. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that as Selvedge thread (11) on the entire circumference of its cross-section with a layer forming a shell (83, i''ig · 1b) covered thread (82) is used. 4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that as a web! antenna thread (11) on a 'file of its cross-section with a layer forming a longitudinal bead (SJ, I''ig. 17) from deformable iinterial coated I-'aden (82) used will. 5 · The method according to claim 1, characterized in that as Edging thread (11) an i'aden (82, ii'ig. 20 and 21) is used on which a layer (83) of deformable material nirr on which the selvedges loop the weft thread (12, i'ig. 1 and 4) forming points is applied so that the layer of deformable material is interrupted. G. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the selvedge en f a cion (11) is a thread-like element (G ^, i'ig. 18) with a substantially rectangular flattened cross-section is used. y. Ancestor according to claim 1, characterized in that as Selvedge thread (11) an iiohr or hose (8G, I'ig. 18 and 13) made of malleable gin il material is used. G. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that as Selvedge; a thread (11) through. Deformation of its cross-section (j'if ·: · 12, 15) vori.iarkiertcö more thread-like; Element (GG) is used, this preform being localized on the studs r.of-; chrärikt is the WobkantoriochuiujGchloifen (12) LiIdoη col ion. 109817 / U93 9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that as Selvedge thread (11) a thread-like or wire-like element made of metal is used. 10. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that as Selvedges thread (11) a thread or wire-shaped element made of a metal alloy is used. 11. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that a bundle of one-piece threads is used as the weaving Kanben thread (11) will. 12. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the selvedge thread (11) consists of a v / cal material filled tube or tube (86, i'ig. 18, 19) formed composite uniform thread is used. 13 · The method according to claim 1, characterized in that a thread-like element with a selvedge thread (11) Cross-section is used, the base area and / or ii'orm change periodically (Fig. 20, 21). 14. The method of claim 1 for producing a land that to form one of the halves of a hot fastener, characterized in that a thread-like thread (11) is used as the weave thread (11) Element (o2) is used, the ^ at least to the zui.i oxides of the selvedge weft loops (12) determined Stollen made at least partially from a deformable material (8 ^), and that at each of the tips egg v / ebkanben- (loppelußschleifcn (12) a permanent deformation of the cross-section of the thread-like element takes place in the V / eise, that the cross-section in the hand of the i'.andf'S (2;)) parallel direction is widened and the ausßloenden Loops (15 or 70) get the required i'orm so that they can serve as hooking organs in the zipper (Figures 22-24). 1 0 9 8 1 7 / U 9 3 " ^2y ~ 205H16 C. V). A needle loom for carrying out the method according to claim 1 with at least one hook, assigned and intended to carry the weft thread of the tape in the form of double wefts, at least one needle to insert a weaving canton thread in the form of double wefts and holding means for holding the wool double weft loops, characterized in that the east holding means ontlialten a free needle (31) which is arranged parallel to and on the side of the band (23) that is the point at which the auxiliary needle (28) penetrates the bar between the main warp thread row (2) and the auxiliary warp thread row (9) »is opposite, and is set up so that it passes through the loops (12) · the double wefts (11 ,,, 11p) ^{made of} selvedge thread (11) is wrapped around in order to hold the loops in the transverse direction outside of the belt and to enable them to move towards it after the adjustment of the belt in the longitudinal direction guide, and holding means (33) has which in the? Are able to keep the free needle (31) in front of each looping through the loops (12) of the double wefts of woven thread in a constant position. 1 1. "loom according to claim 1 ^>, characterized in that the free ITauol (31) has a gcjfienüber accordingly arranged head (j} 4, y] , ¹ JIj) and opposite the land (23) arranged shaft (5 ^ 0 to V / eiat having a kleinex ^ s cross-section than the head of GG, the rounded ei · flat using ο to the shaft - ^ is closed. 1/. Loom according to claim 1f>, characterized in that o.ass the io ".r (i.>1; i ⁱ 'ig. ^L j - 7) has the i ^! Orm of a 3i.ruci: e that goes to (J ( V (ioi- _{: J} and vienueten side by a concave profile (y £) and cui. The side adjoining the band by a rectilinear profile. 109817 / U93 BAO ORIGINAL 205H16 1S. Loom according to claim. 1G, characterized in that the head (56; i'iG · ö, 9) has the i'Orrn of a ball that is on the land des »ochaftes (36) -i-n on its longitudinal axis rather than ent ids Location is attached, oio being eccentric arrangement of eggs divii country facing away from it. 19 · loom or claim 16, characterized in that the 'head DIE Ii ¹ OiTn one (34 ;, l in the direction of the band remote from the oeite bent beak' ^l ig · ^Z O has. 20. Loom according to claim 15 and 16, characterized in that (OSS the holding means contain a stop (33) which is set up so that it can cooperate with the head (34, 3I ₅ 5G), in the free liadel (31) keep it in its correct position ΥΛί by preventing it from threatening itself around its longitudinal axis and from being carried along when the tape moves in the longitudinal direction. 21. V / e chair according to claim 20, characterized in that the stop (33) is a movable stop which is used for adjustment the belt receives a reciprocating motion in the parallel direction with a return phase in the direction of the Tape adjustment, in the course of which the stop exposes the head, and a lead phase in the tape adjustment opposite Direction in which the stop returns the head to its starting position, the return phase before looping around the head (34) of the free needle (31) through the selvedge thread weft loop (12) and the preliminary phase after this looping begins. 22. Loom according to claim 20, characterized in that the stop (33) is a fixed stop which has the necessary elasticity to enable the selvedge thread double weft loop (12) entered through the auxiliary needle (28), the head (34) of the to loop around the free needle (31) by spreading or removing the stop (33) from the head (3 ² O). 1 0 9 8 1 7 / U 9 3 BAD ORIGINAL " ²⁹ ~ 205H16 25. Loom according to claim 16, characterized in that the shaft (JG) of the free needle (31) has the profile of a rope (I''ic · 1 ² O, the cutting edge (78) of which on that of the weaving edge (16) of the tape (23) facing away from the side. 24. Loom according to claim 16, characterized in that the shaft (36) of the free needle (31) has a cross section whose I'Ona changes along the shaft. 25- loom according to claim 16, characterized in that the The shaft (36) of the free needle (31) has a cross section, the base area of which changes along the shaft. 26. Loom according to claim 25, characterized in that the Change in the base area is continuous. 27 · Loom after. Claim 25 »characterized in that the Change in the base area is interrupted. 2C. Loom according to claim 15, characterized in that the holding means result from a change in the li'orrn and the base area of the cross-section of the shaft (36) of the free needle (31), the free needle being the onn of a tapering healing (l ^l 'ig. 15) whose bevel (7?) is chosen so that the free needle under the action of the tension of the selvedge thread (11) is subject to a longitudinal force that is suitable for the drag force that it under the action of the adjustment of the tape (23) learns to compensate. 29 · Loom according to claim 15 for the production of a keiss fastener element forming tape, characterized in that it contains deforming agents that are suitable for the tip (69) of the wobble weft loops (12 or 70) permanent deformation of the cross-section of the selvedge thread (11) to generate a broadening of the transverse 1 O 9 8 1 7 / U 9 3 205H16 cut in direction parallel to the longitudinal axis of the tape; so that the JJand is one of the halves c-ines can form a leash closure, whose Uinhakorgane from the protruding loops (15 "or 70) are formed. 30. Loom according to claim 29, characterized in that the Deforming means an upsetting tool (48) with an ochrügflache (49), which are arranged in such a way that they weft loops (12 or 70) against the shaft (36) of the free needle (31) causes it to slide along your shaft. 31. Loom according to claim 29, characterized in that the Deforming means contain a hammer (90) that grinds the cantons shot (12 or 70) against the shaft of the free needle by hammering as it slides along the Shank compresses or otherwise deformed. 32. Loom according to claim 29, characterized in that the Preforming means contain a heating device (88), which the selvedge weft loops (12 b: -, w. 70) in their Sliding along the shaft of the free needle is locally heated. 33. Loom according to claim 32, characterized in that the Heating device includes a nozzle (88) that loops onto the toilet edge (12 or 70, Fig. 23) a flow of air (89) directs. 34. Loom according to claim 29, characterized in that the deformation means is an ultrasonic vibration generator included, which holds the toilet edge weft loops (12 or 70, Fig. 24) sonicated with ultrasound as it slides along the shaft (3b) of the free needle. 109817 / U93 BATH ORIGINAL 205U16 ü Or ₁ Lk; c do ν ;. Method according to claim 1 produced "Jand; iit selvedge ;; it protruding loops _} characterized in that it contains a] 3andl: body (101) and a selvedge (102) in which a Wel) l: anteniaden (11) in IOr ¹ J a spiral (105) is included disposed whose front Windungscchleifen (104) project beyond the äusGorcn hand of the selvage and the out alternate forming loops (15) "form that the structure of the üandkörper by braiding a Doppelschussi'adsns (106 , IO7) has a fabric of single thickness formed with warp threads (105) and that the selvedge has the structure of a fabric of double thickness with intermediate bindings, one of which is made by interweaving a first layer of double wefts (106) of the weft thread with a first row of warp threads (109 , 110, 112) a lower layer (IO &) formed on one side of the spiral (IO3) and forming one of the sides of the selvedge, one by interweaving a second row of double wefts (107) of the weft thread with an auxiliary warp thread row (114, 115j 116) and a second warp thread row (Hl), on the other side of the spiral (103) and the other side of the selvage containing tied obca? E layer (113) and intermediate bindings formed from the traversing pieces (iO7a ₅ 107b) of the double wefts (107) of the second row and of the traversing pieces (111a) of the warp threads (111) of the second row, the traversing pieces (107a, 107b, 111a) of one to the other of these layers (IOC, 113) "and between the successive turns (117? 118) of the spiral are arranged in such a way that they are wrapped by the rear winding loops (119) cLcP spiral. 30. The tape of claim 35 »which as one of the halves of a Zipper is used, characterized in that the Spiral (103) formed from a selvedge thread (11) (3-pig. 4) is, at least in the places where he the 109817 / U93 205U16 exposing loops (15) forms a deformable Contains material, and that the cross-section of the selvedge thread has a deformation at the tip of each of the protruding loops that corresponds to the protruding loops those used to form the linhak organs of a zipper required form there. HP / Ur - 22 448 1 0 9 8 1 7 / U 9 3 BAD ORiQfNAL.