DE202016008318U1 - Machine for plasma cleaning of pipe exterior surfaces - Google Patents

Abstract

A plasma cleaning machine for pipe exterior comprising a plasma cleaning unit containing one or more rotors, angular displacement drives of the rotors and drives for linear movement of the plasma cleaning unit over the pipe, torch plasma torches mounted on rotors whose nozzles are aligned with the pipe surface to be cleaned Afterburning hood, systems for cooling and supply of plasma-forming workpieces and a power supply for plasma cartridges, characterized in that a mechanical pipe cleaning unit is arranged in front of the afterburning hood and the plasma cleaning unit.

Description

Technical area

The claimed machine refers to repair facilities for conveying pipelines. It can be used in the petroleum and gas industry as well as in the municipal, utilities and water industries for descaling, de-rusting, stripping the outer surface of pipelines and removing dirt and old insulation. This machine can be used for repair work on oil and gas pipelines as well as in pipe repair plants.

To carry out repairs, the pipes are removed from the trench. For diagnosis, they must first be cleaned. This is the removal of old bitumen, rubber bitumen, plastic and other insulation material. In this case, no remnants of the old insulation must remain on the pipe outer surface. After the repair of the pipeline, it will be provided with a new insulating cover layer. In order to achieve a reliable adhesion of the protective layer to the pipe surface, the pipe must be cleaned down to the bare metal surface. This means that all oxides (including rust and scale) as well as all oil and grease spots, bitumen and primer residues must be removed. To carry out such a cleaning, the claimed machine for cleaning the outside of the pipe surface is proposed.

State of the art

• – Einsatz von Bürsten und einem Gestell mit einem eingebauten Antrieb. Dabei wird eine hin- und hergehende Bewegung des Bürstenapparats das Rohr entlang sichergestellt. Alternativ können diverse Mittel eingesetzt werden, die das zu reinigende Rohr hin- und herbewegen lassen (Erfinderschein UdSSR 640.772, Patente RU 2.093.280 , RU 2.145.911 , RU 2.212.959 , Patent US 4.771.499 usw.)
• – Einsatz von Schabern/Molchen, einem Gestell, einem Antrieb und Knielagerungen (Erfinderschein UdSSR 1.645.048, Patente RU 2.113.288 , 2.219.004 , Patent US 6.158.074 usw.)
• – Einsatz von Gerüsten mit darin eingebauten mit einem Werkzeug versehenen Schruppwalzen, die dabei mit einem Drehantrieb versehen sind (Erfinderscheine UdSSR 168.894, 192.152, 607.863, 668.576, Patent RU 2.383.403 usw.)
• – Einsatz von Strahlgeräten sowie Einrichtungen zur automatischen Ausrichtung einer selbstfahrenden Rohrtrassenmaschine (Erfinderschein UdSSR 112.900, 333.030, 1.549.735, Patente RU 2.134.191 , 2.148.522 , 2.165.350 , 2.170.167 , 2.173.650 , 2.240.223 , 2.281.850 , Patente US 5.056.27 , 5.107.633 , 5.267.417 usw.)
• – Einsatz von Rotormaschinen, Meißeln und Hebeln (Erfinderschein UdSSR 1.329.845, 1.528.582, Patente RU 2.128.092 , 2.132.245 , 2.163.172 , Patent US 5.603.136 usw.)
• – Einsatz eines Gestells mit Laufrädern, einem Antriebswerk für Werkzeuge und einem Bedienpult (Erfinderschein UdSSR 995.908, Patente RU 2.145.911 , 2.219.003 , Patent US 4.306.914 usw.)

The known devices for cleaning the outside of the pipes are based on the following procedures:

• - Use of brushes and a frame with a built-in drive. In this case, a reciprocating movement of the brush apparatus is ensured along the pipe. Alternatively, various means can be used, which can move the tube to be cleaned back and forth (Inventor Certificate USSR 640,772, patents RU 2,093,280 . RU 2,145,911 . RU 2.212.959 , Patent US 4,771,499 etc.)
• - Use of scrapers / pigs, a rack, a drive and knee bearings (Inventory Certificate USSR 1,645,048, patents RU 2,113,288 . 2219004 , Patent US 6,158,074 etc.)
• Use of scaffolds with roughing drums provided with a tool and provided with a rotary drive (Inventor Certificates USSR 168.894, 192.152, 607.863, 668.576, Patent RU 2,383,403 etc.)
• - Use of blasting equipment and devices for automatic alignment of a self-propelled pipe-line machine (Inventor's Certificate USSR 112,900, 333,030, 1,549,735, patents RU 2,134,191 . 2148522 . 2165350 . 2170167 . 2173650 . 2240223 . 2281850 , Patents US 5,056.27 . 5107633 . 5267417 etc.)
• - Use of rotor machines, chisels and levers (inventor's certificate USSR 1.329.845, 1.528.582, patents RU 2,128,092 . 2132245 . 2163172 , Patent US 5,603,136 etc.)
• - Use of a frame with wheels, a drive mechanism for tools and a control panel (Inventor Certificate USSR 995,908, patents RU 2,145,911 . 2219003 , Patent US 4,306,914 etc.)

• – Keine mechanische Reinigung (Bürsten, Molche, Sand, Schrotstrahlreinigung, Schleifbearbeitung) ergibt eine hohe Reinigungsqualität. Besonders in der Winterzeit bleiben viele Verunreinigungen und alte Schutzschichtreste auf der Rohroberfläche zurück. Auch in der heißen Jahreszeit wird keine gute Reinigungsqualität erreicht, denn der Anstrich aus Bitumen ist sehr weich und klebrig. Mechanische Teilchen (Schrot, Sand, Schleifmittel) haften in der alten zu entfernenden Schutzschicht. Bürsten und Molche setzen sich mit der zähen Bitumenmasse zu, so dass diese Masse die bereits gereinigte Oberfläche wieder verschmiert.
• – Die mechanische Reinigung führt zu mechanischen Schäden auf der Rohroberfläche. Dabei werden Strichmarken und Risse gebildet, und die Schweißraupe wird teilweise abgeschnitten, was wiederum die Festigkeit des Rohres beeinträchtigt.
• – Die mechanische Reinigung mit Molchen und Metallbürsten setzt einen häufigen Austausch des Schneidwerkzeugs voraus.

All the above facilities are intended for the cleaning of pipelines and individual pipes and have the following defects:

• - No mechanical cleaning (brushes, pigs, sand, shot blasting, grinding) results in a high cleaning quality. Especially in the winter time, many impurities and old protective layer residues remain on the pipe surface. Even in the hot season, no good cleaning quality is achieved because the coat of bitumen is very soft and sticky. Mechanical particles (shot, sand, abrasives) adhere to the old protective layer to be removed. Brushes and pigs settle with the tough bitumen mass, so that this mass smears the already cleaned surface again.
• - The mechanical cleaning leads to mechanical damage on the pipe surface. As a result, marks and cracks are formed, and the bead is partially cut off, which in turn affects the strength of the pipe.
• - Mechanical cleaning with pigs and metal brushes requires frequent replacement of the cutting tool.

The closest prior art among the known devices compared to the claimed device is the system for arc plasma cleaning of the outer surface of pipelines after the small patent RU 143 764 В08В 9/023, priority date 09.08.2013.

• – Vorhandensein von einem geteilten oder unteilbaren Rahmen, Fahrwerken für eine reversierbare Längsbewegung des Rahmens das zu reinigende Rohr entlang, einem oder mehreren Rotoren, an denen Reinigungswerkzeuge (Bürsten, Kratzer, Fackel-Plasmatronen) und Rotordrehwerke befestigt sind, einem Plasmatronkühlsystem, einem System zur Versorgung der Plasmatronen mit dem plasmabildenden Arbeitskörper und einer Nachbrennhaube, die koaxial auf dem Rohr angeordnet ist.

The claimed invention and the closest prior art have the following common essential features:

• Presence of a split or indivisible frame, chassis for reversible longitudinal movement of the frame along the pipe to be cleaned, one or more rotors on which cleaning tools (brushes, scratches, torch plasma cartridges) and rotor bores are mounted, a plasmatron cooling system, a system for supplying the plasma cartridges with the plasma-forming working body and a Nachbrennhaube which is arranged coaxially on the tube.

• – niedrige Reinigungsleistung beim Anfall von vielen Verunreinigungen auf der Oberfläche, besonders bei der Entfernung von alter Bitumen- und Folienisolation;
• – Wahrscheinlichkeit des spontanen Tieftemperaturbrennens der Reinigungsabprodukte und der alten Isolation auf der großen Rohroberfläche und unterhalb der Nachbrennhaube sowie die damit zusammenhängende Gefährdung durch die Umweltbelastung und Brandgefährdung;
• – es ist unzweckmäßig, die aus dem Stand der Technik bekannte Erfindung ortsfest, z. B. in Rohrreparaturwerken, einzusetzen, weil die Umwelt durch Reinigungsabprodukte verseucht werden kann.

The closest prior art has the following shortcomings:

• - low cleaning performance when many impurities attack the surface, especially when removing old bitumen and foil insulation;
• - the likelihood of spontaneous low-temperature burning of cleaning waste products and of the old insulation on the large pipe surface and below the afterburner hood and the associated risk from environmental pollution and fire hazard;
• - It is inappropriate, the known from the prior art invention stationary, z. As in pipe repair plants, use, because the environment can be contaminated by cleaning waste products.

All the above defects are eliminated by the proposed invention.

Disclosure of the invention

The removal of old insulating jackets and other contaminants from the pipe surface (small patent RU 143764 from 09.08.2013) with the help of torch plasma tweezers has proven its advantages and suitability in practice. However, at the same time the aforementioned shortcomings were found. So z. B. used in 80% of all domestic gas and oil pipelines bitumen and foil insulation. When removing such old insulation, mechanical cleaning processes are more productive. However, it is not possible to clean pipes clean enough and without bitumen and primary residues, especially in the weld seams, according to the rules mechanically. The arc plasma system (small patent RU 143764 from 09.08.2013) ensures quality cleaning, but energy is lost in order to remove even those impurities that can be removed more easily and more productively beforehand mechanically. The idea of combining mechanical and plasma cleaning is realized in the claimed invention. According to the claimed invention, the mechanical cleaner is located in the head of the machine, and the plasma cleaning is attached to the process end. The cleaning performance of the torch plasma cartridges is matched with the mechanical cleaning performance, because the plasma does not remove all impurities, but only certain sections or thin adherent layers of impurities, which remain after treatment with mechanical cleaning tools. As mechanical cleaning tools of the device (mechanical cleaning unit), brushes, scratches, cutters, cutters, etc. as well as sand and shot blasting machines and other blasting devices are used in the invention. These plants use abrasive articles, sand, glass powder, metal shot, liquids, gases and their mixtures as working bodies. The application of mechanical cleaning at high temperature (+ 40 ° С) and at low temperature (-40 ° С) causes great problems. At high temperatures, the tool (scratches, brushes, etc.) and the working body (shot, sand, etc.) are stuck in the removable old coatings (bitumen, primer, etc.) and do not ensure the required cleaning performance and quality. The bitumen stays on the pipe. At low temperatures, the strength and hardness of the removable coating increase abruptly, thus decreasing the effectiveness of the mechanical cleaning. Due to the combination of the mechanical cleaning and the plasma cleaning in the claimed invention, it is possible to achieve a high cleaning performance and a high cleaning quality in any weather conditions.

At present, the use of propane or acetylene gas burners in combination with mechanical cleaning has no such effect on pipe cleaning due to the low temperature (maximum 2400 ° С for propane burner and 3200 ° С for acetylene gas burner) and the energy density in the jet of combustion products of these burners. Conversely, their use at best results in defective composite organic molecules evaporating into the environment, e.g. B. As is the case with cold (conventional) waste incineration, which causes an environmental impact. In the worst case, the use of acetylene and propane gas burners causes the bitumen to melt over the entire surface to be cleaned, which is inadmissible.

The essence of arc plasma cleaning is the application of a qualitatively new cleaning method for metal pipes for the purpose of removing old insulation coatings and any other contaminants. This method consists in the short-term exposure of the cold plasma with a temperature between 6000-20000 ° C and an energy density of 10 ¹¹ W / m ² on the pipe surface to be cleaned. This will leave no contaminants on the pipe.

The essential feature of the invention is the use of cold plasma generators (torch plasma) as a tool for the removal of old insulation coatings and any other contaminants in combination with mechanical cleaning of the transmission lines.

At such a plasma jet temperature and heat energy density, all known chemical elements and their compounds instantly or sublimate from the surface of the metal tube, rendering the surface dry and clean. If the plasma contains many ions and excited hydrogen and carbon atoms (when using hydrocarbon-containing plasma-forming working bodies or from pure H2), the chemical oxide reduction to pure metal also takes place simultaneously on the surface to be cleaned. The surface cleaning of the tube takes place at the atomic level.

Arc plasma cleaning is environmentally friendly because all organic molecules of the old insulation layer (mainly polyethylene and bitumen) dissociate under high temperature. That is, they break down into their components: С-, О ₂ -, Н ₂ -atoms. As a result of recombination (subsequent combustion), they form the simplest safe combustion products from combined carcinogenic molecules, such as СО2 and Н2О, which are actually the purification by-products.

Today, this principle is based on the operation of heat engineering facilities for the disposal of chemical weapons and toxic chemical compounds ( MN Bernadiner, AP Shuryguin. Waste recycling with fire and disposal of industrial waste. М .: Chemistry, 1990 ).

The claimed invention can also be applied as a mobile solution, i. H. under field conditions, and stationary in repair shops.

In mobile systems, the torch plasma lobes are located on rotors, downstream of the mechanical cleaning unit and on the rotor in the mechanical cleaning unit, to increase their performance.

When used stationary torch plasma cartridges are immovable in the cleaning machine, in the mechanical cleaning unit and in the plasma cleaning unit attached. The tube reversibly and radially-axially thereto (with respect to them). The mechanical cleaning device is located in the head of the machine where the outlet pipe to be cleaned enters.

Cooling systems for plasma cartridges and other heat-stressed (heat-proof) components of the cleaning machine as well as a supply and storage system for plasma-forming working bodies are arranged in a trailer ("tender") in order to keep hose and line length low. The tender, similar to steam locomotives, is in the form of a single movable unit of the mobile cleaning machine (MRM). It is placed on the pipe to be cleaned. It is mechanically coupled to a working part of the MRM. He can move through the gas pipeline to be cleaned together with the working part of the MRM. The movability of the MRM over the pipe to be cleaned is ensured by the presence of landing gears at the mechanical cleaning unit, the plasma cleaning unit and at the tender. Thanks to such a technical solution accounts for many hoses for coolant and plasma-forming working body supply of the plasma cartridges.

Another way to minimize the supply line length and make the MRM more compact is the use of hollow parts (pipes) or the production of such cavities as components, eg. As a framework to hold therein plasma-forming working body or refrigerant as in MRM niches. Another technical solution that characterizes the invention over the closest prior art (small patent RU 143764 dated 09.08.2015), the reduction is to 5 to 50 mm of the distance between a Nachbrennhaube and the surface of the pipe to be cleaned. In the prior art, the afterburner hood serves to limit the firing surface of the old insulation under the action of torch plasmatron beams during cleaning. During the operation of the MRM for the plasma cleaning of gas pipelines, it turned out that without the afterburning hood this would result in a considerable fire hazard. Then the construction was supplemented by the afterburner hood.

However, it should be noted that even with this technical solution, the operation of the machine is at risk from the risk of fire. There was still the risk of uncontrolled inflammation of the old insulation over a large area of the pipe to be cleaned.

In the claimed invention, these problems are solved by the fact that the plasmatron beams in the cleaning unit do not hit the distance under the afterburning hood (are not aligned to this distance, as is the case in the prior art), and that the distance itself is limited to 5 is limited to 50 mm. As a result, the automatic ignition of the old insulation is avoided in this very small distance, because the spontaneous outdoor entry is difficult, and the burning process can not be supported.

In order to avoid the spontaneous ignition of the old insulation, the plasma jets according to the invention are aligned with a tube region between the afterburner hood and the plasma cleaning unit. The afterburner hood prevents the spread of the fire front on the unpurified pipe surfaces. Depending on the inflammability of the old one Protective layer or, depending on the properties of the impurities, the length of this area between the edge of the afterburner hood and the plasma jets may be 10 to 1000 mm.

The operating experience in the winter time on machines with mechanical surface cleaning testifies that the cleaning performance at low temperatures is low due to the high hardness and adhesion strength of the bitumen and polyethylene insulation on the pipe surface. Therefore, the claimed invention contemplates that the torch plasma turrets for coarse cleaning be placed and operated directly with the mechanical tools. The task of these coarse cleaning plasma cartridges is to soften, melt and partially remove the old protective layer and various other impurities in the mechanical cleaning work area at low temperatures below zero.

Brief description of the figures

1 . 2 , and 3 show the circuit diagrams of the machine for plasma cleaning of the pipe outer surface.

In 1 is the mobile design of the cleaning machine for outside pipe surfaces shown. The 2 and 3 the design of the cleaning machine for outside pipe surfaces for stationary applications can be removed, z. B. for small repair plants and systems for applying new insulation.

It show in 1 :

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

pipe

2

mechanical cleaning unit

3

Tools for mechanical cleaning (scratches, cutting, brushing, etc.)

4

Torch plasma cartridges for coarse cleaning (coarse cleaning plasma cartridges)

5

Suspension for moving the unit over the pipe

6

mechanical coupling between the mechanical cleaning unit and the afterburning hood

7

Nachbrennhaube

8th

mechanical coupling between the plasma cleaning unit and the afterburning hood

9

Plasma cleaning unit

10

Torch plasma cartridges for fine cleaning

11

Pipe for plasmatron cooling systems for supplying plasma-forming working bodies, power supply, control, etc.

12

Circular motion rotors for torch plasma

13

Landing gears for linear motion of the plasma cleaning unit

14

tender

15

closed plasmatron cooling system

16

Supply system of the plasma-forming working body and reservoir of the plasma-forming working body, power supply and other systems for the operation of the plasma cartridges

17

mechanical coupling between the plasma cleaning unit and the tender

18

Suspension to move the tender over the pipe

19

sealed flow chamber

20

ventilation system

21

Inlet part of the flow chamber

22

Outlet part of the flow chamber

23

Zentrierrolleneinheiten

24

Roller conveyor pipe supply system

A

Plasma cleaning area of the pipe surface

B

Tube surface after mechanical cleaning (and after rough plasma cleaning for 1 and 2 )

C

uncleaned tube surface before the process start

2 shows the stationary design of the plasma cleaning machine for tube outer surfaces.

In 3 is the fixed configuration of the plasma cleaning machine for pipe outer surfaces with a mechanical cleaning unit 2 shown. The mechanical cleaning unit 2 is outside the sealed flow chamber 19 set, because therein are no gross cleaning Plasmatrronen 4 used.

Embodiment of the invention

The machine for plasma cleaning the pipe exterior surface is placed on the pipe under field conditions or on the linear section of the pipeline 1 out 1 established. The mechanical cleaning unit 2 is located in the head of the machine. The mechanical cleaning unit 2 contains mechanical cleaning tools 3 and torch plasma 4 for rough cleaning. The mechanical cleaning unit 2 partially removes old protective layers or contaminants from the unpurified surface C of the pipe 1 which adhere to the pipe surface relatively loose or are loose. The main and quality cleaning takes place in the area of A, where all impurities remaining after mechanical cleaning are removed from the pipe surface under the action of plasma jets. The afterburning hood prevents this 7 the Spontaneous propagation of the firing zone in the direction of the mechanical cleaning unit 2 , This is the small distance between the wall of the afterburner hood 7 and the tube surface 1 for sure. According to the invention, this distance is max. 5-50 mm. The size of the gap depends on the ignitability of the old insulation layer or the respective impurities. The cleaning with plasma jets takes place in zone A. The length of zone A is determined by the distance between the edge of the afterburner hood (10 to 1000 mm) and the working range of the plasmatron jets, depending on the cleanability of the old coating or other soiling. The edge of the afterburner hood and the plasma jets of the plasma lobes move over the tube with the same linear movement speed, because they are mechanically coupled to each other 8th , as well as with other machine parts 6 and 17 , The cleaning performance of the plasma cartridges 10 is high, because here the surface of the pipe section B is cleaned, that in the mechanical cleaning unit 2 already pre-cleaned. The plasma cleaning unit 9 contains rotors 12 on which torch plasma 10 arranged in one or more rows. The rotors 12 perform circular and progressive movements and clean the pipe surface with plasma jets. The function of the plasmatron 10 is through cooling systems 15 , a delivery system 16 the plasma-forming working body, a power supply system and other systems ensured in the tender 14 are arranged. The plasmatron cooling system 15 is equipped with a winter time heater to facilitate starting and freezing of the refrigerant in the pipes 11 to avoid. All machine parts move reversibly over the pipe to be cleaned by means of chassis 5 . 13 and 18 or one of them. The pipe 1 is immobile in this case.

If the plasma cleaning machine is stationary in pipe repair shops, it makes more sense to run the pipe in relation to the cleaning machine, 2 , In this case, the laying of all lines (power supply, water, control, etc.) to the machine is greatly simplified. This is the pipe to be cleaned 1 with the help of a roller conveyor 24 in the mechanical cleaning unit 2 , in the plasma cleaning unit 9 and in the afterburning hood 7 reversible and moved radially-axially. In order to prevent gaseous and aerosol-like cleaning waste products from getting into the environment, the cleaning machine (mechanical cleaning unit, afterburning hood, plasma cleaning unit) is placed in the sealed flow chamber 19 arranged. The flow chamber 19 has a ventilation system 20 , a sealed entrance 21 and a sealed exit 22 for the pipe to be cleaned 1 , (Entry 21 and exit 22 are doing with a flexible seal of the distance between the tube 1 and the enclosure of entry 21 and exit 22 Mistake). The pipe 1 is first in the mechanical cleaning unit 2 and then in area A of the plasma cleaning unit 9 cleaned. Zentrierrolleneinheiten 23 serve to center the tube 1 , the mechanical cleaning unit 2 , the plasma cleaning unit 9 and the afterburning hood 7 ,

When the coarse cleaning plasma cartridges 4 . 2 , not used, so is the mechanical cleaning unit 2 . 3 , outside the sealed flow chamber 19 set.

The present invention has been developed and tested. The novel features of the invention have been tested in experiments in this machine. The test results have shown that the use of the mechanical pre-cleaning and the coarse cleaning plasma cartridges have increased the cleaning performance 2 to 4 times. Thanks to the reduction in the distance between the afterburner hood and the pipe surface, spontaneous flame propagation through the pipe is avoided in the case of ignited old insulation. Thus, the risk of fire of the system is eliminated. To eliminate the risk of fire also contributes to the change in the direction of action of the plasma jets. The completion of the machine by the tender 14 makes the machine more compact and mobile, shortens the length of the supply lines 11 and significantly diminishes their mass. The supplementation of the plasmatron cooling system by preheating facilitates the operation in the winter time.

The invention solves problems of manufacturing the MRM and the stationary plasma cleaning machine for pipe cleaning in the petroleum and gas industry.

The application of the coarse cleaning plasma cartridges 4 and the mechanical cleaning tools 3 makes it possible to increase the cleaning performance, especially in the winter time.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• RU 2093280 [0003]
• RU 2145911 [0003, 0003]
• RU 2212959 [0003]
• US 4771499 [0003]
• RU 2113288 [0003]
• RU 2219004 [0003]
• US 6158074 [0003]
• RU 2383403 [0003]
• RU 2134191 [0003]
• RU 2148522 [0003]
• RU 2165350 [0003]
• RU 2170167 [0003]
• RU 2173650 [0003]
• RU 2240223 [0003]
• RU 2281850 [0003]
• US 505627 [0003]
• US 5107633 [0003]
• US 5267417 [0003]
• RU 2128092 [0003]
• RU 2132245 [0003]
• RU 2163172 [0003]
• US Pat. No. 5,603,136 [0003]
• RU 2219003 [0003]
• US 4306914 [0003]
• RU 143764 [0005, 0009, 0009, 0020]

Cited non-patent literature

• MN Bernadiner, AP Shuryguin. Waste recycling with fire and disposal of industrial waste. М .: Chemistry, 1990 [0015]

Claims (15)

A plasma cleaning machine for pipe exterior comprising a plasma cleaning unit containing one or more rotors, angular displacement drives of the rotors and drives for linear movement of the plasma cleaning unit over the pipe, torch plasma torches mounted on rotors whose nozzles are aligned with the pipe surface to be cleaned Afterburning hood, systems for cooling and supply of plasma-forming working bodies and a power supply for plasma cartridges, characterized in that a mechanical pipe cleaning unit is arranged in front of the afterburning hood and the plasma cleaning unit. Machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the mechanical cleaning unit is provided with trolleys for their movement over the pipe. Machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the mechanical cleaning unit is coupled to the afterburning hood and the plasma cleaning unit. Machine according to claim 1, characterized in that scratches, chisels, cutting, metal brushes, milling brushes, pipe cutters (pipe brushes?) And abrasives are used as tools in the mechanical cleaning unit. Machine according to claim 1, characterized in that grinding wheels, sand, glass powder, metal shot, liquid, gases and their mixtures are used as working bodies for mechanical cleaning. Machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the mechanical cleaning unit is provided with torch plasma cartridges for coarse cleaning. Machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the afterburner hood is arranged in front of the plasma cleaning unit at a distance between 5-50 mm coaxial with the pipe to be cleaned. A machine as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the torch plasma torch beams of the plasma cleaning unit do not strike the distance between the afterburner hood and the pipe to be cleaned, exposing the jets to the mechanically cleaned surface of a 10 to 1000 mm wide ring section between the plasma toners of the plasma cleaning unit and an edge of the afterburner hood are aligned, that the afterburner hood with the plasma cleaning unit is mechanically coupled and that the afterburner hood with the same speed as the plasma cleaning unit is movable over the pipe to be cleaned. A machine according to claim 1, characterized in that it is provided with a tender downstream of the plasma cleaning unit, that the tender serves to receive auxiliary systems, that the tender is mechanically coupled to the plasma cleaning unit and coarse cleaning plasma cartridges by means of supply lines and Tender on the pipe to be cleaned is arranged so that it is movable along with the plasma cleaning unit and the coarse cleaning plasma cartridges and that the tender is arranged on the pipe to be cleaned so that it can be moved along with the plasma cleaning unit on it. Machine according to claim 9, characterized in that in the tender a closed cooling system for plasma toners and other heat-stressed components of the plasma cleaning unit heat-treated and a reservoir for refrigerant and / or a supply system for supplying the plasma cartridges with plasma-forming working bodies are arranged with a reservoir for plasma-forming working body. Machine according to claim 9, characterized in that components of the mechanical cleaning unit, the plasma cleaning unit and the tender contain cavities for receiving refrigerants and / or plasma-forming working bodies. Machine according to claim 9, characterized in that the closed cooling system, plasma cartridges and refrigerant pipes are provided with preheating to allow the machine operation at low temperatures below zero. Machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the mechanical cleaning unit, afterburning hood and plasma cleaning unit are fixed immovably, and the pipe to be cleaned is arranged on roller conveyors and can move therein reversibly and / or axially-radially during cleaning. Machine according to claim 13, characterized in that the mechanical cleaning unit, afterburning hood and plasma cleaning unit immovable in a sealed flow chamber arranged and connected thereto, that the flow chamber is equipped with roller conveyors, so that the pipe to be cleaned can move reversibly and / or radially-axially, that the flow chamber has an inlet and an outlet for the pipe to be cleaned and a ventilation system and that all supply and control lines and a control panel are connected to the flow chamber for operating and operating the plasma cleaning machine. Machine according to claim 14, characterized in that the mechanical cleaning unit is arranged at the inlet in front of the sealed passage chamber.

Images