DE202009008434U1 - Device for producing a palletless packaging unit and palletless packaging unit - Google Patents

Abstract

A packaging unit (17) comprising a plurality of layers of stacked packaging articles (2) stacked such that at least two engagement portions (7) for fork legs of a lift truck are formed in a special layer (4) and enveloping one surface and at least portions of the side surfaces A hood made of a first film material (14) and a hood made of a second film material (16) drawn in the opposite direction over the stack of goods, wherein on the surface one extends over the two engagement regions (7) except for parts of the side surfaces (6; 10). extending first holding position (8) is arranged, characterized in that between the first holding position (8) and the first film (14) a second holding position (9) is arranged and at least partially applied to packaging objects (2) of the special situation (4), each forming a side surface of the packaging unit.

Description

The The present invention relates to an apparatus for producing a palletless, several to a stack of goods with four side surfaces stacked packaging items comprising packaging unit, in which packaging articles are stacked in such a way that in at least one stack level at least two engagement areas be formed for fork legs of a lift truck and respectively two opposite side surfaces of the Gutstapels run approximately parallel, with a first Haltelage the engagement areas and adjacent thereto provided Covering packaging items on the stack is placed, the stack with the interposition of the holding layers in any case with its engagement areas with a first foil is wrapped, and the one-sided wrapped good pile is turned so that the engaging portions having part the stack of goods comes down and the stack with a to is wrapped to the first film reaching second film. The present invention also relates to such a palletless Packaging Unit.

In the from the EP 2 036 818 A1 Prior art method is at least one holding position, the engaging portions and adjacent thereto provided packaging objects overlapping placed on the stack and then wrapped the stack with the interposition of the holding position with the first film. The first film and the second film are each formed from a tube whose circumference is initially smaller than the circumference of the stack and which is stretched before wrapping the stack on a circumference greater than the circumference of the stack and applied with elastic hoop stress to the stack , The EP 2 036 818 A1 proposes to provide the first film on the outside and / or the second film on the inside with an adhesion promoter and / or with a friction-increasing surface, so that the sections provided in the overlap region and the first and second film of both films against each other and / or stick together.

The so wrapped packaging unit is after completion through the holding position in particular adjacent to and over reinforced the engagement areas, whereby when lifting of the pile of goods through the lift truck a sagging of layers of the Good pile between the fork legs or laterally past individual Fork legs should be effectively prevented. This approach always leads to a sufficient result, Le diglich when packaging items containing a material are loaded with high mass density, are handled, can occur due to settlement problems.

According to the teaching of EP 2 036 818 A1 serves the holding position mainly or even exclusively the mechanical reinforcement of the underside of the packaging unit and can accordingly be formed from a fabric-reinforced film web or consist of cardboard, wood or metal.

The EP 2 036 818 A1 suggests that the holding position in the process of the stacked stack of goods and introduction into a first workstation, where the stack is wrapped with the first film is placed on the engaging areas comprising the top by a down-hanging holding position of the horizontally moving stack of goods is and after subtracting a desired length of a continuous strand fed, the film web is cut from this strand.

The Previously known methods have been used, in particular, to form packaging units proven from stacked sacks. Such a packaging unit Stacked sacks are used in education and transportation several times, with bets being placed between adjacent stacked bags occur. These amounts are higher, the more bags are arranged on one level and / or the higher the weight of a single bag. Especially when transporting cement, concrete, gypsum or mortar bags Both factors come together, so that in one situation several stacked sacks that shift when being folded can be combined with a content with high mass density occur.

Of the The present invention is based on the problem of a device for producing a palletless invention Specify packaging, with the settlement amounts as far as possible can be avoided.

to Solution to the above problem will be with the present The invention further relates to a packaging unit with the features of claim 1 proposed. This differs from the generic State of the art in that between the first holding position and the first foil a second holding layer is arranged and at least partially is attached to packaging items of special situation, the each form a side surface of the packaging unit.

The stability of the packaging unit according to the invention is increased by the fact that the first and second holding layers rest on all four side surfaces of the packaging unit and, after the first film has been coated, by the elastic circumferential tension, in any case a non-positive, sometimes even by hooking of the holding layers the and / or with the surface of the stacking objects and / or the first foil also form-fitting connection is formed, which counteracts the set amounts occurring when turning over the stack.

To In one embodiment, the first and / or second comprises Holding layer a film web reinforced with a lattice structure, to increase the stability of the packaging unit as a whole.

To In another embodiment, the first and / or Haltelage a film web with a woven structure to ensure stability to increase the packaging unit.

To An embodiment of the invention is the film web multi-layered and can be a water-repellent layer and a layer having reinforcing agents.

The Adhesive strength between the first and the second holding position or between the first holding layer and the packaging objects or the second holding position and the first holding position and the first Foil can be increased by that between two such Layers of adhesive are provided. According to one embodiment the first and / or second holding position can be at least one rough upper side have to increase the adhesion between two layers.

To In one embodiment, the web is the first holding layer wider than the engagement area deep, and therefore at both longitudinal edges as much as once or several times turned over and on the surface filed that the remaining footprint of the web neither the top of the special situation on the intervention areas the edges are covered towards the lateral side surfaces. Thus, the free retraction of the fork legs is ensured. Likewise, the longitudinal edges of the second Haltlage be folded once or several times to between the To fit intervention areas.

To In another embodiment, the first and the second are Haltelage web-shaped in about the width of the pile of goods formed and arranged at right angles to each other on the stack. Consequently results in the amount of the highest normal and special situation the aforementioned all-round protection. As a result, the film webs overlap in the corner areas and through the hood material pressed the stack, is virtually a pan educated.

The first and the second holding layer can be made of the same film material be formed, which eliminates a sorting when disposing.

to Solution to the above problem will be with the present The invention further relates to an apparatus for producing a palletless Packaging unit proposed with the features of claim 8. This differs from the generic one The prior art by a means for placing the first holding position on the stack and for laying the second holding position across the first holding position. With this means, the first and the second holding layer cost and space-saving placed on the stack become.

There in the case of the device according to the invention feasible method, the second holding position across the first retaining layer is placed and at least partially the side surfaces forming packaging items of special situation and to Covering adjacent packaging items, This second holding position is after wrapping the stack of goods with the first film with elastic hoop stress on the stack so that the second retaining layer for the area that the Side surface covered, adhering to this and a possible setting movement of the bags to each other Turnover counteracts, so that when lifting the stack of goods through a lift truck a sagging of layers of the pile of goods between the fork legs or laterally past the individual fork legs effectively prevented.

The first and / or second holding position can from a film supply unwound and cut to size. Preferably At least one of the holding layers is formed as a contoured holding position and put on good stack. A contoured Haltelage has one adapted to the stack to be wrapped configuration. So has the contoured Haltelage opposite Side surfaces preferably a sidecut or indentation. Particularly preferred are corresponding waistings on all Long sides of the retaining layer, the side surfaces to correspond to the stack to be wrapped, provided. Thereafter, the holding layer preferably has a rectangular envelope surface, within which said indentations are located. The indentations are preferably chosen so that their reason, d. H. of the innermost point on a rectangular envelope lying, which corresponds to the base of the stack of goods. With Consider the fact that the dimension of the pile of goods is not exactly determined and by stacking tolerances in the footprint of the Gutstapels occur, is appropriate identity between the inner envelope and the base of the stack even if there is a 3 to 10% deviation between the base of the pile of goods and the inner one Envelope surface shows.

The use of a contoured retaining layer improves the strength of the wrapped stack, as in such a configuration preferably At the respective corners provided Haltelagenzipfel come to rest on the vertical edges of the stack after it has been covered with a stretch hood. At these edges, a better anchoring of the retaining layer can be effected due to the higher elastic elongation of the stretch hoods against the stack.

The previously discussed special Haltelage in the form of a contoured Haltelage can also be essential to the invention. Their advantages also arise when only a holding position is provided. Preferably, both have the right angles to each other corresponding to the stacks stored holding layers corresponding contouring. The previously mentioned criterion, according to which the innermost points the respective indentations on a Hüllfläche lie, which corresponds approximately to the base of the stack, must in a rectangular base of the stack only for one of the orientations of the two orthogonal be met mutually extending retaining layers.

According to one Training is the stack after placing the first holding position initially rotated by 90 ° about the longitudinal axis and then the second holding position launched. Thus, a single one Workstation with a roll of material for the first and the second retaining layer for carrying out the method sufficient. The material forming the holding layers can be a polymer such as polypropylene or polyethylene.

According to one particularly effective embodiment of the stack transported on a horizontal passageway through the device and is the means for placing the first and the second holding position located next to the passageway and is the material for the first and the second retaining layer provided on a roll, whose axis of rotation is parallel to the passage path of the stack extends. Assuming that each good stack on the Passage has the same orientation, either longitudinally or across the direction of the passageway can in this embodiment a holding position immediately after unrolling and separating on the Good stack be placed and the other holding position by 90 ° twisted.

According to one Training has the means for placing the first holding position on the stack and for laying the second holding position across the first holding layer a device for separating a flat web from a roll material and offset by 90 ° to each other Placing two flat sheets on a provided stack on. The device for separating a flat web from a roll material and to offset by 90 ° to each other placing two Flat sheets as the first and second holding position on a provided Good pile, includes a device for rolling the flat web material from a roll, a device for separating the web and a Device for placing a flat web on the stack, wherein the device for laying the flat web has: preferably four clamping elements for clamping the flat track; a lifting frame, on which the at least four clamping elements are arranged in such a way that each two clamping elements at a distance from each other the separated Flat track on each a longitudinal edge grab; a lifting device for raising and lowering the lifting frame, wherein after lowering the stack of goods is within the at least four clamping elements and after lifting the frame is above the stack; and a turning device for turning the lift frame carrying the flat track by 90 ° the longitudinal axis of the stack of goods before placing the second Flat track. The flat track is guided according to the invention withdrawn from a wound on a roll endless strand. After disconnecting, it can be rotated to align in one orientation transversely rolling direction on the stack or already resting first stop lying up to come.

According to one Further, the device for unrolling at least two Gripping elements for gripping the free end of the flat web on and the at least two gripping elements are horizontal and transverse together to a passage direction of the stack of goods over the stack traversable. Thus, the gripping elements pull the flat track in a position above the pile of goods.

According to one Another development, the device for separating the film web two parallel to each other and across the longitudinal direction of the Film web arranged on jaws and is the film web in the area between the two jaws severed. The two jaws can tension the track section between them hold to facilitate the severing. The in rolling direction rear jaw remains closed and holding the flat track until the clamping elements of the lifting frame have taken the flat path.

To In one embodiment, the device comprises a film roll drive for transporting the films from the roll to the device for separating the film web, which after separating a flat web the film in the direction of the second clamping element drives, so the next free end is ready for grasping with the unwinding device.

According to one embodiment of the device, the device for stacking the packaging objects forms stacks of good quality with several normal layers and at least one special position with engagement portions for fork legs and the stacks are transported in the passage way such that the engagement portions extend alternatively parallel or transverse to the passage direction and sets the means for placing the first holding position, the first holding position transverse to the longitudinal extent of the engaging portions and the Covering engagement areas on the top of the stack and sets the means for laying the second holding position offset by 90 ° to the first holding position. If the stack is provided in the means for applying the holding layers with an alignment of the engagement portions parallel to the passage direction, the first separated from the roll material holding position is placed directly on the stack and the second separated from the roll material holding position offset by laying 90 ° , When the stack is provided with its orientation of the engagement portions transverse to the direction of travel, the first support layer is first rotated by 90 ° after separation from the roll material before it is placed on the stack. The second separated holding position is then placed directly on the first holding position without being rotated and is then still offset by 90 °.

The device according to the invention may further comprise a turning device for turning the stack of goods by forming the engaging portions, as for the thermal shrinking of film hoods on the stack from the EP 0 250 697 B1 are known. Although the engaging portions are preferably formed by feeding sheet material into the engaging portions. Because when feeding in film material of the second film, the underlying is possibly even under tension secant the engagement areas overlapping material of the first film to the contour of the stack of goods also created in the engagement area. This deformation of the first film is determined by the EP 0 250 697 B1 promoted known form elements.

To a preferred embodiment of the invention the first and the second retaining layer the same material as the first and the second slide, so that after dissolving the palletless Packaging unit the consumed serving of the good pile identical due to the material identity of the material can be recycled.

A special high stability of the packaging unit is achieved if the material for the first and the second holding position and / or for the first and the second slide a weave structure and / or has a grid structure.

A Web structure in this sense is a product of right-angled crossed Warp and weft threads of materials such as wool, cotton, synthetic Fibers or non-textile materials such. B. coal, metal, Glass fibers. A lattice structure is an arrangement in this sense elongated parts preferably in uniform Distances that are regular at right angles cross. The elongated parts of the an alignment on the elongated parts of the others Orientation rest. The elongated parts can at the junctions are joined together to the tensile strength the lattice structure in the longitudinal and in the transverse direction to increase. Alternatively, the tensile strength of the Grid structure can be increased by that arrangement elongated parts in a layer, for example in a Plastic film, embedded.

To a preferred embodiment of the invention are the first and the second retaining layer web-shaped and extend the respective tracks in the height direction in each case initially and end over one to five layers of the stack, preferably two to four layers of the stack of goods.

To In another embodiment, the first and the second holding position, covering the engagement areas, on placed the stack. The width of the second retaining layer is according to this embodiment dimensioned such that a flat web forming the second holding position extends over the engagement areas and partially rests along the adjacent side surfaces. Depending on The dimension of the base of the normal layers can be at this Embodiment, the width of the web in terms of amount be bigger than the length. The length The track measures in the direction of the longitudinal direction a roll provided flat track. This is especially true of Meaning, if the material of the flat web has anisotropy. Anisotropy in this sense means that different mechanical properties depending on whether the film is pulled in the longitudinal or in the transverse direction, result.

According to this embodiment, both retaining layers overlap in the corner regions of the uppermost normal position. The overlapping areas at all four corners of the uppermost normal position, which can be achieved solely by the areal extension of the holding layers or else by targeted folding of the holding layers are pressed together by the elastic hoop stress of the hood. It creates an all-round protection that includes at least the upper normal position partially, as well as includes the special situation. As a result, the packaging unit thus produced has a particularly high stability, since the fork legs of the lift truck or the chains of a crane press both the first and the second holding position in the region of the engaging portion of the packaging objects and thus held on voltage portions of the first and second holding position a setting or other Ver prevent the load from sliding.

According to preferred developments, the first and / or the second hood during coating at least in the region of the hood side walls in addition in the vertical direction by at least 5% of its vertical initial length in quergestretchten state are longitudinally slid, as shown in EP 0 344 815 A1 is known, the disclosure of which is incorporated by reference in the disclosure of this description. By applying high longitudinal expansion components in the applied to the stack of cloth hood, such as from the date of the Applicant EP 1 013 549 A1 The disclosure of which is incorporated by reference into the disclosure of this specification, the strength of the packaging unit can be improved.

If the stack is closed on one or both sides with a closed top by a weld hose hood and wrapped, this can under observance of the requirements of the EP 0 399 540 A1 be formed. The disclosure of this document is also incorporated by reference into the present description. The further developments of a hose hood described there can readily be transferred to the first and second films which are used in the present invention.

Specifically, the engaging portions can be wrapped in a manner with first and / or second foil, as shown in FIG EP 0 633 186 A1 is known. By driving inward of the refining fingers in the area of the engagement areas, the application of the film to the contour of the stack of goods can be promoted. In this case, a considerable length of the film material can be promoted in the engagement area by driving the Reffrollen. In particular, the Reffrollen can thereby press the film material and thus as an abutment according to EP 0 633 186 A1 Act.

The above developments, from the EP 0 633 186 A1 . EP 0 399 540 A1 . EP 0 344 815 A1 and EP 1 013 549 A1 also apply to the apparatus for carrying out the method and the product produced by the method.

The The present invention will now be described with reference to exemplary embodiments explained in conjunction with the drawing. In this show:

1 a side view of a stacked stack before wrapping with foil;

2 a side view of the stacked stack according to 1 after placing a first and a second holding position;

3 in detail a corner of the stack according to 2 ;

4 in part figure 4a ) A plan view of the stacked stack before placing the first holding position, in part figure 4b ) A plan view of the stack after placing the first holding position and in part figure 4c ) A top view of the stack after placing the second holding position; and

5 for a second embodiment in part figure 5a ) A plan view of the stacked stack after placing the first holding position and in part figure 5b ) after placing the second holding position;

6 the wrapping unit for the second embodiment wrapped after completely covering the first and second hoods;

7 in detail a section VII-VII according to 6 ;

8th a schematic section through the packaging unit and fork legs of a lift truck;

9 , a schematic representation of an apparatus for separating a flat web and for placing the flat web on a provided stack of goods;

10 a schematic plan view of the device according to 9 , and

11 a holding layer, as it is preferably used to form the stack of goods to form the stack of goods used.

The 1 shows an embodiment of a stack of goods 1 with several packaging objects combined in one stack level each 2 , which in the present case should be formed by cement bags. On top of each other are several levels of packaging items 2 stacked. Each stack level has in the normal layers 3 the same number of packaging items 2 , so that a substantially rectangular stack of goods 1 results. Only the upper layer is a special situation 4 trained and has less packaging items 2 on, so on the edge of the pile of goods 1 between a top 5 and opposite longitudinal side surfaces 6 engaging portions 7 are formed, which are perpendicular to the plane of the drawing parallel to the side surfaces 6 extend, over the entire depth of the pile of goods 1 , The width of the intervention areas 7 ie the distance between the side surface 6 and the side surface of the upper parallel thereto Packaging articles 2.1 ; 2.2 is chosen so that the fork legs of a lift truck almost or completely below the normal levels 3 of the pile of goods 1 and thus into the intervention areas 7 can be driven.

The Applying the two holding layers can be achieved by the stack of goods including the first holding position at 90 ° to his Longitudinal axis is rotated and for the second holding position same role as it used for the first holding position becomes. Alternatively, two rollers, each with a flat track be arranged in the region of the stack so that they themselves in each case in the axial direction at right angles.

The stack of so stacked 1 is driven for example via a conveyor line, such as a conveyor belt in the direction of a hood stretcher (see. EP 1 013 549 ).

2 shows the in 1 shown good pile 1 after placing a first holding position 8th and a second holding position 9 , First, a first Haltelage 8th on top 5 hung up. The length of the first holding position 8th is sized such that the holding position 8th forming flat track both at the top 5 as well as partially along the longitudinal side surfaces 6 lies. The first holding position 8th is located at 2 in a loose on the stack 1 launched condition. The intervention areas 7 be from the first holding position 8th covered, which follows essentially its contour. For better representation, however, is a tangential covering the engagement areas 7 through this holding position 8th shown. The second holding position 9 becomes transverse to the first holding position 8th put on so that they are on the first holding position in the area of the top 5 rests. The length of the second holding position 9 is dimensioned such that a flat web forming the second retaining layer partially along transverse side surfaces 10 lies. The width of the second holding position 9 is dimensioned such that a second holding position 9 forming flat track does not reach into the area of the engagement areas 7 extends. The second holding position 9 is located at 2 in a loose on the first Haltelage 8th launched condition. All the areas where the first and the second holding position 8th . 9 Cover the side surfaces, by adhering to help that they can not be moved relative to each other. Thus, both holding layers remain on tension, do not sag and do not give the weight of the bags when turning over. The first and the second retaining layer are in the present case formed from the same flat web.

3 shows the detail III according to 2 after the orthogonal laying of the second holding position on the first holding position. It can be seen that the width of the second holding position 10 is selected such that the engagement region is freely accessible from the front for a fork leg of a lift truck, without the material must be pierced.

4 shows in part figure 4a ) a plan view of the stack 1 , The longitudinal direction when driving the fork legs in the engaging areas 7 is with an arrow 11 characterized. The adjoining side surfaces are the longitudinal side surfaces 6 , The direction that is transverse to the longitudinal direction 11 the fork leg is is with an arrow 12 characterized. To the special situation 4 border the lateral sides 10 at.

subfigure 4b ) shows a plan view of the stack 1 after placing the first holding position 8th , The first retaining layer is in the transverse direction 12 on top 5 applied, covers the intervention areas 7 and lies on the longitudinal side surfaces 6 at. The width of the film web of the first holding position 8th is sized so that the two on the two side surfaces 10 adjacent transverse edges 13 leaves free. This ensures that the intervention areas 7 for the fork legs of the lift truck exposed.

subfigure 4c ) shows a plan view of the stack 1 after placing the second holding position 9 on the first holding position 8th , The two holding layers are arranged at an angle α of approximately 90 ° to each other.

subfigure 5a ) shows a plan view of the stacked stack for a second embodiment 1 after placing the first holding position 8th , The width of the film web of the first holding layer is dimensioned such that the film web on the two on the two side surfaces 10 the adjacent transverse edges 13 overlapping rests. This ensures that the first holding position 8th the four corner areas of the upper normal position 3 covered.

subfigure 5b ) shows a plan view of the stack 1 after placing the second holding position 9 , The width of the second holding position 9 is dimensioned according to this embodiment such that the web, the engaging portions 7 overlapping on the longitudinal side surfaces 6 is applied. The four corner areas of the upper normal position 3 are covered by both holding layers.

6 shows a side view of one with the first and the second hood completely wrapped packaging unit 17 for the second embodiment. After placing the first holding position 8th and the second holding position 9 becomes the good pile 1 with a first slide 14 envelops. The first slide 14 is formed by cutting in a hood stretcher by cutting to length a tubular material to be conveyed, unilateral welding and cutting of a length of tubing a hose hood is formed. The first slide 14 is first reefed and elastically stretched by moving apart of refiners in the circumferential direction, ie stretched, to a circumference which is greater than the base of the stack 1 is. This cross-stretched hose hood is now by subtracting the Refffern first on the top 5 and then on the longitudinal and lateral sides 6 . 10 of the pile of goods 1 created, with relative movement between the Refffingern and the good pile 1 in the height direction of the pile of goods 1 , After that is the stack 1 one-sided from the first slide 14 wrapped and covered on the top. The cover is made with intermediate layers of the first holding position 8th and the second holding position 9 , The first slide 14 lies against the extensive walls of the pile of goods 1 ie the longitudinal side surfaces 6 and the lateral sides 10 , and thus pushes the tracks of the first and the second holding position against the stack 1 , so that in particular with roughened surface of the webs of the first and the second retaining layer, this a non-positive connection with the top of the packaging objects 2 enter, which in the turnover of the goods stack a setting movement of the packaging objects 2 counteract. By coating the hood of the first film 14 The two holding layers are superimposed in the corners of the last possibly the penultimate normal position, which forms a well surrounding the stack and forming an all-round protection tray.

After coating the first film 14 the unilaterally wrapped stack is turned or turned over, so that when placing the first and the second holding position 8th . 9 and when coating the first film 14 the top 5 forming surface now the ground 15 of the pile of goods and is located below. In this situation, the one-sided wrapped around good stack is usually fed to a hood stretcher over a transport route. This can be the hood stretcher, which is the first film 14 as a hose hood over the stack 1 pulled.

How out 6 can be seen, in the next process step, a second film 16 also pulled as a hose cover over the one-sided wrapped stack, in such a way that the second film 16 on the first envelope forming a bottom surface of the stack of goods 1 rests and also on the circumferential walls 6 . 10 of the pile of goods 1 at least under horizontal bias is applied, with interpositions of the first film 14 so that the finished packaging unit 17 results. At this presses the first slide 14 the first holding position 8th against the longitudinal surfaces 6 and the second holding position 10 against the lateral sides 10 of the pile of goods 1 , Furthermore, by the second film 16 and their extensive elastic elongation when applied to the stack 1 the first slide 14 opposite the stack 1 fixed. The second slide 16 ranges in this embodiment up to the lowest normal position 3 ,

7 shows in detail a section VII-VII according to 6 and illustrates the overlapping of the first and second retaining layers 8th . 9 in a corner of the upper normal position 3 that of a packaging object 2 is formed.

8th shows a schematic section through the packaging unit according to 7 and fork legs 18 a lift truck. The first and the second holding position 8th . 9 as well as the first slide 14 are approximately the contour of the engagement area following the stack 1 at. The height of the intervention area 7 is sized so that it is higher by an amount than the height of the fork legs 18 that is sufficient for the fork legs 18 when entering in a direction transverse to the plane of representation do not pierce the tubular film and the film webs. After lifting the fork legs in the representation upwards are the first holding position 8th , the second holding position 9 and the first slide 14 pressed against the respective overlying packaging objects, so that a relative movement of the holding layers is prevented. Because the two holding layers 8th . 9 Taut on the special situation 4 abut, prevents the lifting of the packaging unit 17 from a pad 19 Settlement amounts of the packaging items occur.

9 shows a schematic side view of an apparatus for separating a flat web 20 and for laying flat tracks 20 as the first and second holding position on a provided stack. The flat web material is on a roll 21 provided. The trained example as a film flat web is by means of a film roll drive 22 transported to a transfer position. In the transfer position is the film 20 in two as jaws 23a and 23b trained, parallel to each other and transverse to the longitudinal direction of the film web 20 clamped extending clamping devices, whereby the free end on the second jaw 23b protrudes and of a gripping device with at least two gripping elements 24a and 24b is seized. The gripping device is movable on a traverse path perpendicular to the passage of the stack over the stack of goods to open jaws 23a . 23b pull the film over the provided stack. In this position severed with closed jaws 23a . 23b a knife 25 the material between the two jaws 23a and 23b ,

Above the separated flat track is at least four clamping elements 26a -D bearing lifting frame 27 provided. The lifting frame 27 is lowered so far that the clamping elements 26a Take over the holding of the film, in each case two clamping elements in the region of the respective front and rear ends of the flat track each hold a side edge. After releasing the separated film web from the device for unrolling and the device for separating lowers a lifting device 28 the lifting frame 27 so far off that the film web 20 is placed on the stack, whereupon the clamping elements 26a -D of the lifting frame 27 be opened and release the flat track, which then lays on the stack.

The lifting frame 27 is by means of a turning device by 90 ° to the length of the stack of goods 1 rotatable to apply a second flat track across the first flat track.

10 shows a plan view of the schematic device according to 9 , The lifting frame 27 is H-shaped. An axis of rotation 29 lies at the center of gravity of the lifting frame 27 , The clamping elements 26a to 26d are respectively disposed at the distal ends of the free legs of the frame. The knife 25 is arranged on a device for moving, such that it is in the plane of representation from top to bottom between the jaws 23a . 23b is guided along.

The gripping elements 24a . 24b are shown in the left position in the recording of the free end of the film material. After the process in the illustration to the right and transverse to the direction of passage of the stack of goods are the gripping elements 24a . 24b on the opposite side of the pile of goods.

The passage direction of the stack is in this illustration from top to bottom or from bottom to top. Lowering the lifting frame 27 takes place in this view into the plane.

11 shows an embodiment of a preferred to use retaining layer 8th , which is cut from an initially rectangular sheet material. In dashed line illustration shows 11 the contour of the pile of goods 1 in plan view, ie the base of the stack of goods 1 ,

The retaining layer 8th has four with the reference numerals 30 and 31 marked indentations. The larger indentations 30 are on the larger longitudinal sides of the retaining layer 8th spared. The smaller indentations 31 at the right angles to this extending longitudinal sides. The larger indentations 30 each have a depth A, the central edition of the holding position 8th on the stack 1 at the distance of the imaginary extension of the longitudinal side of the stack of goods 8th from the associated side surface of the stack 1 equivalent. In the same way, the depth D corresponds to the smaller indentation 31 the distance of the imaginary extension of the respective longitudinal side of the holding position 8th from the longitudinal side of the stack of goods extending parallel thereto 1 , By this configuration, Zipfel arise 32 after applying the retaining layer 8th against the adjacent side surfaces of the stack of goods 1 bounding vertical edges of the pile of goods 1 issue. This is the area above the stack 1 drawn film with high contact pressure against the stack 1 at. As a result, the holding position is firmly against the stack 1 pressed. At lower material costs, therefore, in 11 Contoured holding position shown 8th a very good holding force to support the stack of goods 1 cause.

1

stack

2

Packaging articles

3

normal position

4

special location

5

top

6

Longitudinal side faces

7

engaging portions

8th

first holding position

9

second holding position

10

Transverse side faces

11

arrow longitudinal

12

arrow in the transverse direction

13

transverse edge

14

first foil

15

ground

16

second foil

17

Packaging Unit

18

fork legs

19

document

20

flat track

21

role

22

Film roll drive

23a, b

jaws

24a, b

gripping elements

25

knife

26a-d

clamping elements

27

lifting frame

28

lifting device

29

axis of rotation

30

indentation

31

indentation

32

tip

A

Depth of the large dent 30

B

Width of the large dent 30

C

Width of the small dent 31

D

Depth of the small dent 31

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• - EP 2036818 A1 [0002, 0002, 0004, 0005]
• - EP 0250697 B1 [0029, 0029]
• EP 0344815 A1 [0036, 0039]
• - EP 1013549 A1 [0036, 0039]
• EP 0399540 A1 [0037, 0039]
• - EP 0633186 A1 [0038, 0038, 0039]
• - EP 1013549 [0054]

Claims (14)

Packaging Unit ( 17 ) with several layers of stacked packaging articles ( 2 ) stacked in a special situation ( 4 ) at least two intervention areas ( 7 ) are formed for fork legs of a lift truck and with a surface and at least parts of the side surfaces enveloping hood of a first film material ( 14 ) and in the opposite direction to this over the stack pulled hood of a second film material ( 16 ), wherein on the surface one over the two engagement areas ( 7 ) except for parts of the side surfaces ( 6 ; 10 ) extending first retaining layer ( 8th ), characterized in that between the first holding position ( 8th ) and the first slide ( 14 ) a second retaining layer ( 9 ) and at least partially on packaging objects ( 2 ) of the special situation ( 4 ) is applied, each forming a side surface of the packaging unit. Packaging unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the first and / or the second holding position ( 8th . 9 ) comprises a contoured film web Packaging unit according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the retaining layer ( 8th . 9 ) is formed from a multilayer film web. Packaging unit according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the first and / or second holding position ( 8th . 9 ) has adhesive on one or both sides. Packaging unit according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the first and / or second holding position ( 8th . 9 ) have at least one rough upper side. Packaging unit according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that both longitudinal edges of the first holding position ( 8th ) and / or the second holding position ( 9 ) once or several times and deposited on the surface. Packaging unit according to one of the claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the first and the second holding position web-shaped in about the width of the stack of goods and are arranged at right angles to each other on the stack. Apparatus for producing a palletless packaging unit, in particular a packaging unit according to one of claims 1 to 7, with a device for stacking the packaging objects and a device for wrapping a stack of goods with a hood, characterized by a means for placing the first holding layer ( 8th ) on the stack ( 1 ) and for laying the second holding position ( 9 ) transversely to the first holding position ( 8th ). Apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that the good stack ( 1 ) is transported on a horizontal passageway through the device and the means for placing the first and the second retaining layer ( 8th . 9 ) is arranged next to the passageway and the material for the first and the second holding position ( 8th . 9 ) on a roll ( 21 ) whose axis of rotation extends parallel to the passageway. Device according to one of claims 8 or 9, characterized by a device for unwinding the flat web material from a roll, a device for separating a flat web from a roll material in a predetermined length and a means for offset by 90 ° to each other laying two flat webs on a provided Good stack, wherein the means for offset by 90 ° to each other laying two flat sheets as the first and second holding position comprises: a lifting frame ( 27 ) with at least one clamping element ( 26a , b, c, d) for clamping and clamping the flat track ( 20 ); a lifting device ( 28 ) for lifting and lowering the lifting frame ( 27 ), after lowering the lifting frame ( 27 ) the stack of goods within the clamping elements ( 26a , b, c, d) and after lifting the frame is above the stack of goods; and a rotating device for rotating the flat-web-carrying lifting frame (US Pat. 27 ) by 90 ° about the longitudinal axis of the stack before laying the second flat web. Device according to one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that the means for unrolling at least two gripping elements ( 24a , b) for gripping the free end of the flat track ( 20 ) and the at least two gripping elements ( 24a , b) are movable horizontally and transversely to the passage path of the stack over the stack. Device according to one of claims 8 to 11, characterized in that the device for separating the film web two parallel to each other and arranged transversely to the longitudinal direction of the film web clamping jaws ( 23a , b) and the film web is severed in the region between the two jaws. Device according to one of claims 8 to 12, characterized by a film roll drive ( 22 ) for the transport of the film from the roll ( 21 ) to the device for separating ( 25 ) of the film web. Device according to one of claims 8, wherein the device for stacking the packaging articles comprises batches ( 1 ) with several normal layers ( 3 ) and at least one special situation ( 4 ) with intervention areas ( 7 ) for fork legs ( 18 ) and the stacks ( 1 ) are transported on the passageway such that the engagement areas ( 7 ) alternatively extend parallel or transversely to the passage direction, characterized in that the means for placing the first retaining layer ( 8th ) transversely to the longitudinal extent of the engagement areas ( 7 ) overlapping the engagement areas on the top hangs up and the means for placing the second retaining layer ( 9 ) transversely to the first holding position ( 8th ) hangs up.