DE19856637C2 - Device for the controlled current draw between a contact wire and a track-bound, electrically operated high-speed vehicle - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a device for controlled current draw between a contact wire and a track-bound, electrically operated High-speed vehicle according to the preamble of claim 1.

That of high-speed vehicles, especially rail vehicles, achievable maximum speed is known to be due to the current draw from Contact wire largely determined via the pantograph, which against the contact wire is pressed. There is a contact force between the contact wire and Pantographs due to the dynamic interaction of contact wire and Pantographs can vary considerably.

The size of this contact force is significantly influenced by the friction between the contact strips and the contact wire, the rigidity of the overhead line, the local or temporary geometry changes due to different contact wire heights, Zigzag laying of the contact wire, wear of the contact strip and the Contact wire, different aerodynamic influences due to changing Direction of travel and vehicle shapes, wind and vehicle speed, Vibration behavior of the pantograph and the contact wire as well as changing the Flow speed in oncoming traffic in tunnels.

To regulate the contact force depending on significant changes in the Catenary height, even at high speeds, is described in DE-A 30 33 449 a two-stage pantograph with two active control stages for Moving a pantograph vertically and with one over the Current collector rocker on the contact line, with respect to this constant Contact controlled upper scissors, one of these main scissors, one  first, the upper scissors associated actuator, one to this Keeping the contact force control signal emitting control device and a second adjusting device assigned to the second main scissors. With a second control device are used to maintain an average over time constant travel of the first actuator steep signals supplied. The Main scissors are no longer locked and their position is continuously regulated that the travel of the upper scissors is kept constant on average. There is one Division of labor between the two stages of the pantograph that low frequency vibrations of relatively large amplitude from the main scissors are recorded and corrected and high-frequency vibrations relatively small amplitude processed by the actuator associated with the upper scissors become. The upper scissors oscillate within a relatively narrow range Tolerance range around a constant average travel time.

The regulation of this known pantograph pantograph proceeds so that initially the actual control value of the second control device assigned to the main scissors Travel path is supplied as a measured variable. Control signals for the second, the main scissors assigned actuating device are then from the deviation of these actual values of a setpoint is formed, which is the desired time average of the travel of the corresponds to the first adjusting device assigned to the upper scissors. At in one Direction change in the travel is first to keep the Contact force to the catenary track the upper scissors and then the main scissors adjusted so far that the original value of the travel of the first Actuator is reached again.

The hydraulic servomotors of this well-known teaching complicate the Construction and are ultimately the reason why this two-stage Could not enforce pantograph pantographs in practice. In addition, in In the event of bridging large height differences while driving, the main scissors be completely set up so that the one carried by the upper scissors Miniature pantograph has only a small working area, which Speeds <250 km / h is not sufficient. The proposed one Scissor pantograph also has the disadvantage that only the Height differences can be adjusted, other factors influencing the contact force remain unconsidered. On the other hand, the main scissors are also unable higher-frequency contact force fluctuations such as those in the high-speed range occur between 250 and 400 km / h.  

This well-known two-stage pantograph pantograph also causes High speed range a significant sound pressure.

EP-A 0 649 767 discloses a current collector for electrically operated High-speed vehicles with a contact strip and an insulator, being a spring-damper unit for decoupling between the contact strip and the isolator flange the vertically acting forces and to dampen the contact force fluctuations is arranged.

The teaching of EP-A 0 649 767 attempts to solve the problems by: a streamlined rigid dome housing is attached to the vehicle roof lower part of the pantograph along with its on the lower feet of the two insulators (insulator and conductor) arranged pivot mechanism. The conductor and the insulator are in a predetermined distance from each other Transverse direction of the vehicle offset from each other so that a Reduction in aerodynamic noise is to be achieved. The isolator or the conductor also has a streamlined cross section.

Nevertheless, the second insulator (conductor) in the area of the tear-off edge of the air flow is ordered, it is not inconsiderable to the still very high Sound level of the entire pantograph assembly involved. By comparative rigid known attachment of the insulator shaft and conductor Pantograph an overall unsatisfactory control behavior in balancing the Contact force fluctuations and bridging large differences in height.

EP-A 0 697 304 includes a pantograph with one on the Streamlined dome structure arranged to accommodate a vehicle roof first, telescopically guided lifting device and a second lifting device the one, which has a contact strip and has a horn Pantograph is attached, the rocker with contact strip and insulator relative to the first lifting device can be moved vertically by a high-frequency drive, an isolator for holding and isolating the pantograph and a conductor for Deriving the current consumed by the pantograph as one on different lifting heights adjustable high-voltage cable is formed. With two hydraulic lifting and Lowering devices the pantograph described is able to Bridge height differences between 100 and 800 mm. The lower part of the  Pantograph with its lifting and lowering devices is from a recording dome enclosed, the lower of the two lifting and lowering devices in the Carriage body is integrated. The contact force or the distance between the contact strip and Contact wire is determined and the vertical movement of the lifting or lowering device regulated.

With large differences in height, the head of the pantograph including the Isolators by the lifting and lowering devices accordingly from the Recording dome are extended, causing the two in turn in the transverse direction staggered insulators protrude beyond the cathedral and one cause the corresponding sound level. The hydraulic lifting and Lowering devices also require a considerable amount of space on the one hand through the integration into the car body and on the other hand through the considerable length of the recording dome was created over two car bodies. This leads to a complicated, complex and heavy structure.

In this prior art, the invention is based on the object Develop pantographs of the type mentioned, avoiding the mentioned disadvantages of the prior art through a controlled current draw force and / or bearing control in the high-speed range without problems enables and at the same time significantly reduces the aerodynamic noise as well vertical forces decoupled and fluctuations in contact force dampened.

This object is achieved by a device of the type mentioned at the beginning characterizing features of claim 1 solved.

Advantageous refinements can be found in the subclaims.

The device according to the invention enables large extension heights of the Realize pantograph and at the same time extreme height differences of the To bridge the chain. The fact that the entire lifting mechanism and Insulator remains enclosed by the housing even when extended, as well A single isolator is used to reduce the aerodynamic noise effectively reduced. The housing receiving the pantograph is reached on the other hand, when retracted, has a low overall height, is low-maintenance and easy to mount on the roof of the vehicle.  

The complex dome recording realized in the prior art can be complete omitted. On the other hand, the solution according to the invention is problem-free in cathedral structures existing vehicles can be integrated.

The invention is intended to be described in an exemplary embodiment based on the Drawings are illustrated in more detail.

Show it:

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the current collector assembly according to the invention with the main components Cover, cover- roof insulator and pantograph head,

Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the current collector according to the invention in the extended condition along the line AA of Fig. 1,

Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the current collector according to the invention in the retracted state according to line AA of Fig. 1,

Fig. 4 shows the basic principle of the lifting device for normal lifting height,

Fig. 5 is a section through two joined with cable cover segments,

Fig. 6 is a plan view of FIG. 5 with a schematic representation of the cable attachment,

Fig. 7 is a plan view of the electro-mechanical drive in the form of a chain drive for the lifting device,

Fig. 8 is a view of the rocker with the contact strip,

Fig. 9 is a plan view of FIG. 8,

Fig. 10 is a section through the rocker body according to line CC of Fig. 8,

Fig. 11 is a schematic illustration view of the height-adjustable cable guide between the insulator / current collector and the vehicle side connecting point,

Fig. 12, the cable guide with gas spring according to Fig. 11 and

Fig. 13, the cable guide with Gas spring according to Fig. 11.

On the roof 1 of a high-speed vehicle 2 as shown in Fig. 1, a streamlined Domaufbau 3 mounted to a base frame 4.

According to FIG. 2, the dome structure 3 is composed of five telescopically inserted, tubular circumferential cover segments 5 , each of which the inner cover segment is supported and guided on the outer one. The inner cover segment is also designed as an outwardly arched cover roof 6 and covers the dome structure 3 . A trough 7 is formed in the center of the arched cover roof 6 and an opening 8 is provided in the center thereof. On the inner cover roof 6 , a roof frame 9 is fastened with an opening 10 of an insulator support 12 corresponding to the opening 8 , through which an insulator 11 can be guided. The insulator 11 rests on the insulator carrier 12 , which carries a spindle nut 13 at each end symmetrically to the insulator axis BB. A spindle 16, which runs perpendicular to the roof frame 9 and is driven by an electric motor 14 via a gear transmission 15 , engages in the spindle nut 13 . The rotary movement of the motor is transmitted via the gear transmission 15 to the spindle 16 , which converts the rotary movement into a vertical lifting movement and thus extends and retracts the insulator carrier 12 with the insulator 11 through the opening 8 .

Electric motor 14 , spindle 16 , spindle nut 13 and gear transmission 15 form a high-frequency drive 71 .

As can be seen in FIGS. 5 and 6, each of the cover segments 5 has a lower, L-shaped stop-like bend 17 directed into the housing interior and an upper bend 18 also directed towards the interior. The lower bend 17 has a leg which is somewhat longer than the upper bend 18 and which serves as a stop for the respective inner cover segment. In the area of the lower bend 17 , a recess 19 is formed on the inside of the cover segment 5 , which extends along the inner circumference of the cover segment. The cover segments 5 consist of a fiber composite material, for example GRP, which is reinforced with inserts in the region of the recess 19 . The upper bend 18 is provided with a sealing lip 70 , which seals the space between the inner and outer cover segment 5 against moisture.

A deflection device 20 , consisting of a cable guide 21 and sliding roller 22 , is positioned on the inside in this part of the recess 19 .

On the outside, a suspension plate 23 is anchored to the cover segment 5 approximately above the axis of rotation of the sliding roller 22 . In the case of two nested cover segments 5 , the cable guide 21 is approximately perpendicular to the mounting plate and is arranged upstream of the sliding roller 22 . The castor 22 is rotatably mounted on the insert. This represents a safe rope deflection.

As shown in FIG. 6, one end of a rope 24 is captively suspended in the mounting plate 23 . This rope 24 initially runs from the suspension plate 23 in a vertical alignment to the rope guide 21 and is deflected by the slide roller 22 approximately horizontally onto a traction device 25 fixed tangentially on the circumference of the outer cover segment. The traction device 25 comprises a tension spring 26 and an anchoring part 27 , which is also fixed to an insert.

Four such cables consisting of rope 24 , suspension plate 23 , rope guide 21 , slide roller 22 and pulling device 25 are evenly distributed over the circumference of the cover segments and each connect an inner cover segment to an outer cover segment.

The roof frame 9 has, at its ends assigned to the cover segments 5 , fastening tabs 28 directed into the interior of the dome structure 3 for fastening the lifting devices 29 with which the cover roof 6 is raised or lowered (see FIGS. 2 and 3). The lifting device 29 is composed of four scissor-like support frames 30 , of which a support frame is formed from two lower support arms 31 and 32 and an upper support arm 33 . The two lower support arms 31 and 32 are connected to a joint 34 . The upper support arm 33 is pivotally articulated at one end to the fastening tab 28 of the roof frame 9 , the other end is connected to the lower support arm 31 via a joint 35 . The other lower support arm 32 is connected to the lower support arm 31 in a scissor-like manner via a joint 36 . The end of the support arm 32 is connected to the upper support arm 33 by a further lever arm 37 . The four joints 35 , 36 , 34 and 38 thus enclose a parallelogram, resulting in double scissors. In the vertical alignment of the upper support arm 33 fixedly attached to the roof frame 9, there is a fastening tab 39 on the base frame 4 , on which the support arm 31 can be pivoted but is fixed in place (see FIG. 2). This lifting device is particularly suitable, for example, for large extension heights, preferably up to 2.8 m above the vehicle roof height.

For the compensation of normal lifting heights, for example the high-speed rail network, the lifting device 29 consists of at least two support frames 30 , which consists of a support arm 33 pivotably articulated on the roof frame 9 and a support arm 32 likewise articulated on the base frame 4 . The support arm 32 is articulated at its other end to the support arm 33 , wherein, as shown in principle in FIG. 4, the support arm 32 has the length L and the support arm 33 has the length 2 L. The articulation point of the support arm 32 on the support arm 33 divides it into two lever arms of equal length and the end of the support arm 33 can be moved linearly relative to the pivot point of the support arm 32 on the base frame 4 , so that the support arm 33 stands up and the cover roof 6 is raised .

Fig. 7 shows a mounted on the base frame 4 electromechanical drive system 40. This drive has two guide tracks 41 , which are positioned along the long sides of the cover segments 5 and are located parallel to one another, for receiving a chain hoist 43 guided between two sprockets 42 with shafts 42 . Both chain hoists 43 are driven by a chain drive 44 moved by an electric motor. The movement of the chain drive 44 is transmitted to the shafts 42 of the two chain hoists 43 .

The lower end of the support arm 32 is connected on both sides to the chain hoist 43 , is supported in the guideway 41 and can thus be displaced linearly when the chain drive 44 moves along the guideway 41 . Since the other lower support arm 31 is held stationary, when the lower end of the other support arm 32 is moved, the entire support frame 30 can be continuously raised or lowered via the joints and displacement bearings. The chain drive 44 drives the parallel chain hoists 43 synchronously, so that the lifting or lowering of all four support frames 30 takes place evenly. This lifting or lowering movement is transmitted to the cover roof 6 . When the cover roof 6 is lifted, the individual cover segments 5 are telescopically extended from the inside outward against their respective spring cables. When lowering, the cover segments 5 are retracted from the outside inwards by the spring cables. When retracting, the support arms of the support frames 30 fold inwards. The roof frame 9 of the cover roof 6 rests on the base frame 4 of the dome structure 3 when the support frames 30 are completely retracted.

The height of the cover segments 5 corresponds approximately to the insulator height, the insulator head protruding from the opening 8 (see FIG. 5).

The insulator 11 is rigidly attached to the insulator support 12 . As shown in Fig 8 and 9., Carries the upper insulator flange 45, a rocker 46 with streamlined rocker body 47 in which the contact strip is stored for 48.

A spring-damper unit 49 is located between the contact strip 48 and the insulator flange 45 (see FIGS. 9 and 10). This spring-damper unit 49 is composed of two tab-like levers 50 , spaced approximately in the width of the contact strip 48 , each having two mutually perpendicular, interconnected lever arms 51 and 52 and having one-piece levers 50 . Both lever arms 51 and 52 can be rotated together about a fixed pivot point Dp, the lever arm 51 , which is somewhat longer than the lever arm 52, is pivotably articulated on the contact strip holder 53 with its slightly angled end. The shorter lever arm 52 is fastened at the other end to a tension spring 54 which is fixed in an adjustable manner on the insulator flange 45 . A hydraulic rotary damper 55 is fastened between the two levers 50 located parallel to one another, the actuating member 56 of which engages in an elongated hole 57 machined in the lever 50 . The tension spring 54 causes a rotation of the lever 50 when a force is exerted on the contact strip 48 , so that the slightly angled lever arm 51 executes a pivoting or rotating movement. This rotary movement is sustainably absorbed and damped by the rotary damper 55 . The tension springs 54 have a very low stiffness. This spring-damper unit 49 only enables vertical deflection. The rigid attachment of the rocker body 47 to the insulator 11 ensures that the wind load is absorbed by the streamlined rocker body and only a very small aerodynamic portion is omitted from the contact strip.

The rocker 46 is provided with horns 58 ( FIG. 8) which can be adjusted to different rocker widths, for example 1950 mm and 1600 mm, by a pneumatic drive 59 mounted in the rocker body 47 .

In the cover roof 6 , as shown in principle in FIG. 1, there are flaps 60 that open inwards and are positioned in the longitudinal direction of the dome structure 3 , into which the horns 58 can dip when the rocker 46 is vertical by 90 ° in the longitudinal direction of the dome structure 3 Axis rotated and lowered.

The high-voltage cable 61 (see FIGS. 11-13), which is laid between the insulator 11 and the connection point (not shown) on the vehicle 2 , runs in a spiral alignment approximately around the elongated insulator axis towards the roof of the vehicle and is held by a cable 62 . At the opening 10 of the insulator support 12 , a roller seat 63 ( FIG. 13) is flanged, with which a bearing block 64 is held. The bearing block 64 receives a shaft 65 with two rope pulleys 66 lying next to one another. Around each rope pulley 66 , a rope 67 is guided at a 180 ° deflection, the two rope ends of which, in vertical alignment, lead to two deflection rollers 68 fastened to the base frame 4 , which lead the rope ends of the rope 67 to a gas tension spring 69 of extremely great length. The cable 67 thus forms a cable pull 72 which is held under a tensile force which always keeps the high-voltage cable 61 taut when the lifting device 29 is extended and retracted.

The ropes 67 are made of non-conductive material, for example plastic.

The contact pressure acting on the contact strip 48 is a complex variable, which is subject to constant changes due to the vehicle speed, the wind intensity and direction, the position of the catenary system guiding the contact wire and its pantograph, friction and wind-induced vibrations and the relative movement of the vehicle. In the first active control stage of the method according to the invention, the height differences of the chain are compensated. The compensation takes place with an electromechanical drive, for example a chain drive, which compensates for height differences of the chain between 4.8 to 6.3 m and vertical chain oscillations with amplitudes <50 mm in the frequency range below 3 Hz. The chain drive converts a corresponding horizontal movement into a vertical movement of the lifting devices 29 encapsulated in the dome structure 3 . Relative to this vertical movement taking place in the first control stage, the pantograph (isolator, rocker, cable) oscillates at the same time in a second active control stage in a vertical stroke of max. ± 50 mm in a frequency range up to 15 Hz. The stroke movement of the second control stage is controlled by a high-frequency actuator , for example, an electromotive linear drive.

The high-frequency vibrations between contact wire and contact strip are all in one Another step at the same time by decoupling the forces between the contact strips and pantographs absorbed and damped.  

List of reference numbers

1

top, roof

2

High-speed craft

3

Domaufbau

4

base frame

5

Cover segments

6

Cover roof

7

Hollow in

6

8th

Opening in

6

9

roof frame

10

Opening in insulator carrier

11

insulator

12

insulator support

13

spindle nut

14

electric motor

15

gear transmission

16

spindle

17

lower angle of

5

18

upper angle of

5

19

deepening

20

deflecting

21

cable guide

22

caster

23

Einhängplatte

24

rope

25

drawbar

26

mainspring

27

anchoring part

28

mounting tabs

29

lifting device

30

support frames

31

lower support arm

32

lower support arm

33

upper arm

34

joint

35

joint

36

joint

37

lever arm

38

joint

39

mounting tabs

40

Electromechanical drive

41

guideway

42

waves

43

chain

44

chain drive

45

insulator flange

46

seesaw

47

rocker body

48

Contact strip

49

Spring-damper unit

50

lever

51

lever arm

52

lever arm

53

Contact strips support

54

mainspring

55

rotary damper

56

actuator

57

Slot in

51

58

horns

59

pneumatic drive

60

Fold in

6

61

High voltage cables

62

cable

63

roll cradle

64

bearing block

65

Wave in

65

66

pulley

67

rope

68

idler pulley

69

Pull type

70

sealing lip

71

High frequency drive

72

cable
BB isolator axis
L length of the support arm

32

Dp pivot point

Claims (29)

1.Device for the controlled current draw between a contact wire and a track-bound, electrically operated high-speed vehicle, with a streamlined dome structure ( 3 ) arranged on the vehicle roof for receiving a first, telescopically guided lifting device and a second lifting device, on which a, a contact strip ( 48 ) supporting, horns ( 58 ) having rocker ( 46 ) of a pantograph, the rocker ( 46 ) with a contact strip ( 48 ) and an insulator ( 11 ), for holding and isolating the pantograph, relative to the first lifting device by a high-frequency drive ( 71 ) can be moved vertically and is designed with a high-voltage cable ( 61 ), which can be adjusted to different lifting heights, for discharging the current consumed by the pantograph, characterized in that the first lifting device is part of the dome structure ( 3 ), with telescoping, overlapping ones inner and outer Outer elements, the cover segments ( 5 ) with an integrally molded cover roof ( 6 ) on the innermost cover segment and with at least two symmetrical to the isolator axis (BB), which can be actuated by an electromechanical drive ( 40 ) located horizontally to the isolator axis, scissor-like support frames ( 30 ) that can be extended and retracted at different lifting heights, the support frames ( 30 ), the high-voltage cable ( 61 ) and other internals ( 40 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 ) being vertically enclosed by the cover segments ( 5 ) are, and that between spring strip ( 48 ) and insulator flange ( 45 ) a spring-damper unit ( 49 ) is arranged for decoupling the vertically acting forces and for damping the contact force fluctuations. 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the second Lifting device is arranged rotatable about the axis (B-B). 3. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the cover segments ( 5 ) are each provided with an inwardly shaped upper and lower stop-like bend ( 17 , 18 ). 4. Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the inner and outer cover segments ( 5 ) with each other by at least four circumferentially evenly distributed, approximately parallel to the isolator axis (BB), against spring force tensioned, simply deflected ropes ( 24 ) are connected, the cables ( 24 ) being arranged between the outer and inner cover segment ( 5 ) in such a way that they are each attached with one end to the outer periphery of the inner lower cover segment ( 5 ) and the other end Via a deflection device ( 20 ) fastened on the inner circumference of the lower outer cover segment ( 5 ) to a traction device ( 25 ) which is fixed on the circumference of the outer cover segment ( 5 ). 5. Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the inner and outer cover segments ( 5 ) with each other by on the circumference of the cover segments ( 5 ) evenly arranged, approximately parallel to the Isloatorachse (BB), against Spring-tensioned, multiply deflected ropes ( 24 ) are connected, the ropes ( 24 ) being arranged between the outer and inner cover segment ( 5 ) in such a way that they have one end at the outer circumference of the inner lower cover segment ( 5 ) attached and the other end are guided via a deflection device ( 20 ) attached to the inner circumference of the lower outer cover segment ( 5 ) to a traction device ( 25 ) which is fixed to the circumference of the outer cover segment ( 5 ). 6. Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the lower bend ( 17 ) is L-shaped, wherein in the retracted state of the cover segments ( 5 ) each bend the inner cover segment ( 5 ) is supported on that of the outer cover segment ( 5 ). 7. Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the deflection device ( 20 ) from a sliding roller ( 22 ) and one of the sliding roller upstream cable guide ( 21 ) is formed. 8. Device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the pulling device ( 25 ) from a tension spring ( 25 ) and anchoring part ( 27 ) or cable winch is formed. 9. Device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that on the inside on the outer cover segment ( 5 ) is formed a recess ( 19 ) in which the deflection device ( 20 ) and the traction device ( 25 ) are arranged. 10. Device according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the upper bend ( 18 ) of the outer cover segment ( 5 ) is provided with a sealing lip ( 70 ) against the circumference of the inner cover segment ( 5 ) fits snugly. 11. Device according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the cover segments ( 5 ) preferably have approximately the same height. 12. Device according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the height of the cover segments ( 5 ) corresponds approximately to the height of the insulator. 13. Device according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the cover segments ( 5 ) and the cover roof ( 6 ) consist of GRP or CFRP composite materials. 14. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the lifting device ( 29 ) is formed from at least two support frames ( 30 ), each of which is pivotably articulated on a supporting arm ( 33 ) connected to a roof frame ( 9 ) connected to the cover roof ( 6 ) ) and a lower support arm ( 32 ) are assembled, of which the lower support arm ( 32 ) with its one end in alignment with the mounting bracket ( 28 ) of the support arm ( 33 ) on the base frame ( 4 ) of the dome structure ( 3 ) is pivotally received and with its other end is pivotally articulated on the support arm ( 33 ), the support arm ( 32 ) being arranged on the guide track ( 41 ) in a linearly displaceable manner. 15. The apparatus according to claim 14, characterized in that the support arm ( 33 ) relative to the lower support arm ( 32 ) has twice the length and the lower support arm ( 32 ) is articulated on the support arm ( 33 ) that this creates double scissors. 16. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the lifting device ( 29 ) is formed from at least two scissor-like support frames ( 30 ), each of which is pivotably articulated from an upper support arm connected to a roof frame ( 9 ) connected to the cover roof ( 6 ) ( 33 ) and two lower support arms ( 31 , 32 ) are assembled, of which one lower support arm ( 31 ) in the alignment of the mounting bracket ( 28 ) of the upper support arm ( 33 ) on the base frame ( 4 ) of the dome structure ( 3 ) pivotally fixed added and the other lower support arm ( 32 ) is arranged linearly displaceable to the former. 17. The apparatus according to claim 16, characterized in that the upper support arm ( 33 ) and the lower, fixed support arm ( 31 ) by a joint ( 35 ) and the linearly displaceable lower support arm ( 32 ) with the upper support arm ( 33 ) via a further joint ( 36 ), a lever arm ( 37 ) and a third joint ( 38 ) are connected, the two lower support arms ( 31 , 32 ) being connected to one another by a further joint ( 34 ) such that the joints ( 35 , 36 , 34 , 38 ) form a parallelogram. 13. Device according to one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that the electromechanical drive ( 40 ) is designed as a rope, spindle or chain drive ( 44 ) which is aligned parallel to one another, along the longitudinal walls of the cover segments ( 5th ) has extending guideways ( 41 ) for a revolving train ( 43 ) in which the lower linearly displaceable support arm ( 32 ) of the lifting devices is fastened as part of the train. 19. Device according to one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that the support arms ( 33 ) of the extended support frames ( 30 ) have an inward or outward inclination. 20. Device according to one of claims 1 to 19, characterized in that the support arms ( 33 , 31 , 32 , 37 ) of the support frames ( 30 ) are arranged towards each other in the retracted state. 21. Device according to one of claims 1 to 20, characterized in that the lifting device ( 29 ) has a lifting height above the vehicle roof of 650 mm to 2.8 m. 22. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the cover roof ( 6 ) in the direction of travel, spaced apart in rocker width openings with flaps ( 60 ). 23. The device according to claim 22, characterized in that the rocker ( 46 ) is rotatable by at least 180 ° and the horns ( 58 ) of the rocker ( 46 ) immerse in the flap opening of the flaps ( 60 ) in the retracted state. 24. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the rocker ( 46 ) is of variable width by means of a pneumatic drive ( 59 ) arranged in the rocker body and which retracts or extends the horns ( 58 ). 25. Device according to one of claims 1 to 24, characterized in that the high-frequency drive ( 71 ) is a linear drive, preferably a spindle ( 16 ) driven by an electric motor ( 14 ) with a gear transmission ( 15 ). 26. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the rocker ( 46 ) and insulator ( 11 ) are firmly connected to one another and the contact strip ( 48 ) in the rocker body has a single degree of freedom for vertical movement. 27. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the high-voltage cable ( 61 ) is a flexible line which around at least one, between a on the insulator support ( 12 ) fixed roller receptacle ( 63 ) and on the base frame ( 4 ) attached deflection rollers ( 68 ) vertically extending, tensile cable ( 72 ) in the axial alignment of the isolator axis (BB) is arranged helically. 28. The apparatus according to claim 27, characterized in that the roller receptacle ( 63 ) has at least two rollers ( 66 ) arranged next to one another, via which a rope ( 67 ) is deflected to an outside of the axial alignment of the isolator axis (BB) on the base frame ( 4th ) attached gas traction spring ( 69 ) of great length, the gas traction spring ( 69 ) for applying the tensile force to the cable pull ( 72 ) being arranged between the two cable ends of the cable ( 67 ). 29. The device according to claim 25, characterized in that the spring-damper unit ( 49 ) comprises tension springs ( 54 ) with extremely low rigidity and a rotary damper ( 55 ).