DE1668054B2 - Makrocyclische Ketone, Verfahren zu deren Herstellung und deren Verwendung als Riechstoffe und/oder Fixateure - Google Patents
Makrocyclische Ketone, Verfahren zu deren Herstellung und deren Verwendung als Riechstoffe und/oder FixateureInfo
- Publication number
- DE1668054B2 DE1668054B2 DE1668054A DE1668054A DE1668054B2 DE 1668054 B2 DE1668054 B2 DE 1668054B2 DE 1668054 A DE1668054 A DE 1668054A DE 1668054 A DE1668054 A DE 1668054A DE 1668054 B2 DE1668054 B2 DE 1668054B2
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- fragrances
- mixture
- ketones
- fixators
- methyl
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 13
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 title claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 13
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 14
- -1 Kanum tert-butylate Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tert-Butanol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)O DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- DYLIWHYUXAJDOJ-OWOJBTEDSA-N (e)-4-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)but-2-en-1-ol Chemical compound NC1=NC=NC2=C1N=CN2C\C=C\CO DYLIWHYUXAJDOJ-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-M toluene-4-sulfonate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- SXVPOSFURRDKBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclododecanone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCCCCCCCC1 SXVPOSFURRDKBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 6
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 5
- YYROPELSRYBVMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-toluenesulfonyl chloride Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(Cl)(=O)=O)C=C1 YYROPELSRYBVMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- OSOIQJGOYGSIMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopentadecanone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCCCCCCCCCCC1 OSOIQJGOYGSIMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 4
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002009 diols Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- WCYWZMWISLQXQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl Chemical compound [CH3] WCYWZMWISLQXQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WRMNZCZEMHIOCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenylethanol Chemical compound OCCC1=CC=CC=C1 WRMNZCZEMHIOCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 2
- GUUVPOWQJOLRAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diphenyl disulfide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1SSC1=CC=CC=C1 GUUVPOWQJOLRAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000402754 Erythranthe moschata Species 0.000 description 2
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VKEQBMCRQDSRET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methylone Chemical compound CNC(C)C(=O)C1=CC=C2OCOC2=C1 VKEQBMCRQDSRET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- WQDUMFSSJAZKTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium methoxide Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C WQDUMFSSJAZKTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012445 acidic reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000001350 alkyl halides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- ZYGHJZDHTFUPRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N coumarin Chemical compound C1=CC=C2OC(=O)C=CC2=C1 ZYGHJZDHTFUPRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZSWFCLXCOIISFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopentadiene Chemical compound C1C=CC=C1 ZSWFCLXCOIISFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- HFJRKMMYBMWEAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanal Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC=O HFJRKMMYBMWEAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000002432 hydroperoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000002329 infrared spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- KVWWIYGFBYDJQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl dihydrojasmonate Chemical compound CCCCCC1C(CC(=O)OC)CCC1=O KVWWIYGFBYDJQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GYHFUZHODSMOHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonanal Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC=O GYHFUZHODSMOHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- KMPQYAYAQWNLME-UHFFFAOYSA-N undecanal Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC=O KMPQYAYAQWNLME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001724 (4,8-dimethyl-2-propan-2-ylidene-3,3a,4,5,6,8a-hexahydro-1H-azulen-6-yl) acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- AZUYLZMQTIKGSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[6-[4-(5-chloro-6-methyl-1H-indazol-4-yl)-5-methyl-3-(1-methylindazol-5-yl)pyrazol-1-yl]-2-azaspiro[3.3]heptan-2-yl]prop-2-en-1-one Chemical compound ClC=1C(=C2C=NNC2=CC=1C)C=1C(=NN(C=1C)C1CC2(CN(C2)C(C=C)=O)C1)C=1C=C2C=NN(C2=CC=1)C AZUYLZMQTIKGSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HDECRAPHCDXMIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylbenzenesulfonyl chloride Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1S(Cl)(=O)=O HDECRAPHCDXMIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NFAVNWJJYQAGNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylundecanal Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC(C)C=O NFAVNWJJYQAGNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WXCMHFPAUCOJIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4'-tert-Butyl-2',6'-dimethyl-3',5'-dinitroacetophenone Chemical compound CC(=O)C1=C(C)C([N+]([O-])=O)=C(C(C)(C)C)C([N+]([O-])=O)=C1C WXCMHFPAUCOJIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IICCLYANAQEHCI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,5,6,7-tetrachloro-3',6'-dihydroxy-2',4',5',7'-tetraiodospiro[2-benzofuran-3,9'-xanthene]-1-one Chemical compound O1C(=O)C(C(=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C2Cl)Cl)=C2C21C1=CC(I)=C(O)C(I)=C1OC1=C(I)C(O)=C(I)C=C21 IICCLYANAQEHCI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- INIOTLARNNSXAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,8-dimethyl-2-propan-2-ylidene-3,3a,4,5,6,8a-hexahydro-1h-azulen-6-ol Chemical compound CC1CC(O)C=C(C)C2CC(=C(C)C)CC12 INIOTLARNNSXAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KZMGYPLQYOPHEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron trifluoride etherate Chemical compound FB(F)F.CCOCC KZMGYPLQYOPHEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 244000183685 Citrus aurantium Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007716 Citrus aurantium Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ZKVZSBSZTMPBQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Civetone Natural products O=C1CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC1 ZKVZSBSZTMPBQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000208152 Geranium Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000282375 Herpestidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010254 Jasminum officinale Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000005385 Jasminum sambac Species 0.000 description 1
- 229930186686 Jasmolactone Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 244000179970 Monarda didyma Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010672 Monarda didyma Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ALHUZKCOMYUFRB-OAHLLOKOSA-N Muscone Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)C1 ALHUZKCOMYUFRB-OAHLLOKOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000002505 Pogostemon cablin Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000011751 Pogostemon cablin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007868 Raney catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- NPXOKRUENSOPAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Raney nickel Chemical compound [Al].[Ni] NPXOKRUENSOPAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000564 Raney nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000220317 Rosa Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000000513 Santalum album Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000008632 Santalum album Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000007212 Verbena X moechina Moldenke Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000001519 Verbena officinalis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000001594 Verbena polystachya Kunth Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000007200 Verbena x perriana Moldenke Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002270 Verbena x stuprosa Moldenke Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- UAVFEMBKDRODDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vetiveryl acetate Chemical compound CC1CC(OC(C)=O)C=C(C)C2CC(=C(C)C)CC12 UAVFEMBKDRODDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960000583 acetic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- POIARNZEYGURDG-FNORWQNLSA-N beta-damascenone Chemical compound C\C=C\C(=O)C1=C(C)C=CCC1(C)C POIARNZEYGURDG-FNORWQNLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 1
- 238000009903 catalytic hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZKVZSBSZTMPBQR-UPHRSURJSA-N civetone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCC1 ZKVZSBSZTMPBQR-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960000956 coumarin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000001671 coumarin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- RMFFNBIXGZOVHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopentadecane-1,1-diol Chemical compound OC1(O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCC1 RMFFNBIXGZOVHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000911 decarboxylating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- SBZXBUIDTXKZTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N diglyme Chemical compound COCCOCCOC SBZXBUIDTXKZTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002081 enamines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000006735 epoxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007717 exclusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013467 fragmentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006062 fragmentation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012362 glacial acetic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 1
- INQOMBQAUSQDDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodomethane Chemical compound IC INQOMBQAUSQDDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NBCMACYORPIYNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N jasmolactone Chemical compound CC=CCCC1CCCC(=O)O1 NBCMACYORPIYNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000896 monocarboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- ALHUZKCOMYUFRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N muskone Natural products CC1CCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)C1 ALHUZKCOMYUFRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007530 organic bases Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PJLHTVIBELQURV-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentadecene Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCC=C PJLHTVIBELQURV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940067107 phenylethyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920000137 polyphosphoric acid Polymers 0.000 description 1
- CHKVPAROMQMJNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium bisulfate Chemical compound [K+].OS([O-])(=O)=O CHKVPAROMQMJNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910000343 potassium bisulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LPNYRYFBWFDTMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium tert-butoxide Chemical compound [K+].CC(C)(C)[O-] LPNYRYFBWFDTMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006049 ring expansion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930187593 rose bengal Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229940081623 rose bengal Drugs 0.000 description 1
- STRXNPAVPKGJQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N rose bengal A Natural products O1C(=O)C(C(=CC=C2Cl)Cl)=C2C21C1=CC(I)=C(O)C(I)=C1OC1=C(I)C(O)=C(I)C=C21 STRXNPAVPKGJQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012279 sodium borohydride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000033 sodium borohydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930007850 β-damascenone Natural products 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C45/00—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds
- C07C45/27—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by oxidation
- C07C45/29—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by oxidation of hydroxy groups
- C07C45/296—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by oxidation of hydroxy groups with lead derivatives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C1/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon
- C07C1/20—Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon starting from organic compounds containing only oxygen atoms as heteroatoms
- C07C1/22—Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon starting from organic compounds containing only oxygen atoms as heteroatoms by reduction
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C29/00—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C29/03—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by addition of hydroxy groups to unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bonds, e.g. with the aid of H2O2
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C29/00—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C29/09—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by hydrolysis
- C07C29/10—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by hydrolysis of ethers, including cyclic ethers, e.g. oxiranes
- C07C29/103—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by hydrolysis of ethers, including cyclic ethers, e.g. oxiranes of cyclic ethers
- C07C29/106—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by hydrolysis of ethers, including cyclic ethers, e.g. oxiranes of cyclic ethers of oxiranes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C29/00—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C29/132—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of an oxygen containing functional group
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C29/00—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C29/17—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by hydrogenation of carbon-to-carbon double or triple bonds
- C07C29/175—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by hydrogenation of carbon-to-carbon double or triple bonds with simultaneous reduction of an oxo group
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C29/00—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C29/48—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by oxidation reactions with formation of hydroxy groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C35/00—Compounds having at least one hydroxy or O-metal group bound to a carbon atom of a ring other than a six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C35/22—Compounds having at least one hydroxy or O-metal group bound to a carbon atom of a ring other than a six-membered aromatic ring polycyclic, at least one hydroxy group bound to a condensed ring system
- C07C35/23—Compounds having at least one hydroxy or O-metal group bound to a carbon atom of a ring other than a six-membered aromatic ring polycyclic, at least one hydroxy group bound to a condensed ring system with hydroxy on a condensed ring system having two rings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C407/00—Preparation of peroxy compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C409/00—Peroxy compounds
- C07C409/02—Peroxy compounds the —O—O— group being bound between a carbon atom, not further substituted by oxygen atoms, and hydrogen, i.e. hydroperoxides
- C07C409/14—Peroxy compounds the —O—O— group being bound between a carbon atom, not further substituted by oxygen atoms, and hydrogen, i.e. hydroperoxides the carbon atom belonging to a ring other than a six-membered aromatic ring
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C45/00—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds
- C07C45/27—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by oxidation
- C07C45/28—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by oxidation of CHx-moieties
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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Description
(D
CHn-CH=CH1,
in welcher R Wasserstoff oder den Methylrest und eines der Symbole η die Zahl 1 und das andere
die Zahl 2 bezeichnen und in welcher die Doppelbindung eis- oder trans-Konfiguration aufweist.
2. Verfahren zur Herstellung von ungesättigten Ketonen nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß man einen ungesättigten bicyclischen Kohlenwasserstoff der aligemeinen Formel
20
CH2-C- CH2
(CH2J8
CH-R
(V)
CH2 — C — CH2
in welcher R die oben angegebene Bedeutung besitzt, in Gegenwart von molekularem Sauerstoff
und eines sauerstoffübertragenden Sensibilisators belichtet, das entstandene Gemisch von
Hydroperoxyden der allgemeinen Formeln
CH = C-CH2
(CH2)8
CH-R
(VIa)
CH2 — C — CH2
OOH
OOH
CH2 — C = CH
I I
(CH2J8
CH-R
(VIb)
CH2-C- CH2
OOH
OOH
35
40
45 Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft makrocyclische Ketone, ein Verfahren zu deren Herstellung und
deren Verwendung als Riechstoffe und/oder Fixateure.
Cyclopentadecanon und 3 - Methyl - cyclopentadecanon-(l)
sind bekannte, für die Riechstoffindustrie unentbehrliche Riechstoffe mit Moschusgeruch. Es
sind auch bereits mehrere Verfahren zur Herstellung dieser Verbindungen bekannt, die jedoch ?.'.'snahmslos
unbefriedigend sind, da sie entweder zahlreiche Stufen umfassen und nur geringe Ausbeuten der gewünschten
Produkte liefern oder aber von schwer zugänglichen, teuren Ausgangsmaterialien ausgehen. Es besteht
daher ein Bedarf an neuen Riechstoffen aus leichter zugänglichen und wohlfeilen Ausgangsmaterialien auf
neuen, einfacheren synthetischen Wegen.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist dementsprechend die Schaffung von neuen makrocyclischen Ketonen mit
interessanten Riechstoffeigenschaften, die gleichzeitig Vorläufer von Cyclopentadecanon bzw. 3-Methylcyclopentadecanon-(l)
darstellen. Ferner soll ein einfaches Verfahren zur Herstellung dieser neuen makrocyclischen
Ketonverbindungen geschaffen werden.
Gegenstand der Erfindung sind daher Ketone der allgemeinen Formel
Il
CH, — C -
CH,
(CH2J8 CH-R
CHn-CH-CHn
(D
mit Diboran umsetzt, das dabei erhaltene Reaktionsprodukt mit Wasserstoffperoxyd oxydiert,
das erhaltene Gemisch der gesättigten bicyclischen Diole der allgemeinen Formeln
HO —CH—CH-CH2
(CH2J8 CH
(CH2J8 CH
CH2 C CH2
in welcher R Wasserstoff oder den Methylrest und eines der Symbole π die Zahl 1 und das andere die
Zahl 2 bezeichnen und in welcher die Doppelbindung eis- oder trans-Konfiguration aufweist.
Ein weiterer Gegenstand der Erfindung ist ein Verfahren zur Herstellung dieser ungesättigten Ketone
das dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, daß man einen unge-R (VIIa) 55 sättigten bicyclischen Kohlenwasserstoff der allge
meinen Formel
OH
CH2-CH-CH-OH
CH2-CH-CH-OH
60 CH2-C- CH2
CH-R
(CH2)8
CH2-C
CH2-C
CH-R (VIIb) -CH2
(V)
CH, C CH,
OH
in an sich bekannter Weise mit Tosylchlorid bein welcher R die oben angegebene Bedeutung besitzt
in Gegenwart von molekularem Sauerstoff und eine sauerstoffübertragenden Sensibilisators belichtet, da
entstandene Gemisch von den Hydroperoxyden der allgemeinen Formeln
CH=C-CH,
(CH,)8
CH2 — C — CH2
OOH
CH2-C = CH
CH2-C = CH
CH-R
(VIa)
(CH2J8
CH-R
(VIb)
CH, — C — CH2 OOH
mit Diboran umsetzt, das dabei erhaltene Reaktionsprodukt mit Wasserstoffperoxyd oxydiert, das erhaltene
Gemisch der gesättigten bicyclischen Diole der allgemeinen Formeln
(VIIa)
und das erhaltene Monotosylatgemisch mit einer stark alkalischen Verbindung, wie Kalium-tert.-butylat,
behandelt und gewünschtenfalls ein cis-isomerenhaltiges
Produkt durch Belichtung in üblicher Weise in das trans-Isomere überführt.
Die ungesättigten Ketone der allgemeinen Formel 1
sind neue Stoffe, die als solche interessante Riechstoffeigenschaften
besitzen. Ihr Geruch ist beträchtlich intensiver als derjenige der entsprechenden gesättigten
ίο Ketone. Während die letzteren einen charakteristischen
Moschusduft entwickeln, weisen die ungesättigten Ketone, in welchen R Wasserstoff ist, einen an Zibeton
erinnernden Geruch, und die ungesättigten Ketone, in welchen R Methyl ist, einen mehr edelholzartigen
Geruch auf.
Auch die Diole der allgemeinen Formeln VIIa
und VlIb sind neue Verbindungen.
Die Ausgangsverbindungen des beanspruchten Verfahrens der allgemeinen Formel V können in einfächer
Weise aus der entsprechenden Verbindung der allgemeinen Formel
CH, — C — C = O
HO — CH- ι |
-( | "CH2 | -R |
(CH2)8 | I CH- I |
||
CH2- | 4 | -CH2 | |
\ | |||
CH2- | :h- | -CH- I |
-OH |
(CH2)8 | I CH- |
-R | |
pn | -CH2 | ||
OH | |||
CH- | |||
C | |||
CH-R
(VIII)
CH2-C- CH,
(VIIb)
35
OH
in an sich bekannter Weise mit Tosylchlorid behandelt in welcher R Wasserstoff oder den Methylrest bezeichnet,
hergestellt werden.
Die Verbindungen der allgemeinen Formel VIII wiederum können aus Cyclododecanon nach zwei
verschiedenen Methoden (A und B), die nachstehend schematisch beschrieben sind, hergestellt werden.
Methode A
CH,-(CH,)8
CH,-
CH,-
C = O
CH,
CH,-(CH2)8
CH,-C = O
CH — COOR'
R-C-COOR"
Il
CH2
R"0H
NaOR"
NaOR"
CH, — C =
COOH
CH-R
CH,
OH®
CH2-
(CH2)8
CH2-
CH2-
OR"
C-O-C=O
C-O-C=O
CH-R
CH,
CH,
COOR"
Fortsetzung
CH2-(CH2)8
CH2-
1. NaBH4 Z H7SO4
CH-O-C = CH-R
Polyphosphorsäure
CH2-(CH2I8
CH2-
R = V/asserstoffoder Methyl; R' = niederes Alkyl, ζ. B. Methyl oder Äthyl; R" ni
oder Äthyl.
CH2-(CH2)8
CH2-
C =
CH2
Methode B
COOR'
Il
CH-R
0ΗΘ
COOR'
CH2 C
(CH2J8
CH2 C -
CH2 C -
CH2-(CH2J8
CH2-
C-C =
CH-R
0He
2/J
CH2-(CH2)8
CH2-
CH2-
R = Wasserstoff oder Methyl; R' = niederes Alkyl, ζ. Β. Methyl oder Äthyl.
Durch Epoxydierung der Verbindungen der allgemeinen Formel VIII, Umsetzur
hydrazin und Fragmentierung der Tosylhydrazone gelangt man zu den Verbindungen wie das nachfolgende Schema zeigt:
CH1-(CH2)8
CH,
-C =
CH R
CH,
H2O2
NaOH
CH2-(CH2)8
CH,-
CH,-
Tosyll
CH2 C ε
(CH2)8
CH1-C-O
CH-CH2
CH2 C
CH, C
Aus den Verbindungen der allgemeinen Formel VIII
kann man beispielsweise durch katalytische Hydrierung mittels Raney-Nickel bei Raumtemperatur und
normalem oder erhöhtem Druck, gegebenenfalls in alkalischem Medium, unter Verwendung von 2 Mol
Wasserstoff auf je 1 Mol ungesättigtes Keton die Verbindungen der Formel
CH,-CH-CHOH
(CH2
CH-R
(X)
2 CH
herstellen.
Durch Dehydratisierung der Verbindungen X und Isomerisierung der entstehenden Doppelbindung mittels
saurer Reagenzien können die Verbindungen der Formel
CH2
(CH2),
C C05
'2'8
CH-R
(V)
CH, — C — CH2
erhalten werden. Als dehydratisierende und isomerisierende
saure Reagenzien können beispielsweise anorganische Säuren, wie Schwefelsäure oder Phosphorsäure,
oder saure Salze, wie Kaliumhydrogensulfat, oder aromatische Sulfonsäuren, wie Benzol- oder
p-Toluolsulfonsäure, verwendet werden.
Die Verbindung der allgemeinen Formel VIII, in
welcher R Methyl ist, d. h. 14-Methyl-bicyclo[l0,3,0]-pentadecen-[l(12)]-on-(13),
kann auch dadurch erhalten werden, daß man Bicyclo[10,3,0]-pentadecen-[1(12)]-on-(13)
zunächst mit einem Dialkylcarbonat, z. B. Diäthylcarbonat und anschließend mit einem Alkylhalogenid, z. B. Methyljodid, umsetzt und
das erhaltene Reaktionsprodukt unter decarboxylierend wirkenden Bedingungen verseift oder daß man
Bicyclo[i0,3,0] - pentadecen - [1(12)] - on - (13) durch
Umsetzung mit einer organischen Base in das entsprechende Enamin überführt, das letztere mit einem
Alkylhalogenid umsetzt und anschließend mit einem die Carbonylgruppe regenerierenden Mittel behandelt.
Als Ausgangsmaterial für die vorangehend beschriebenen Synthesen dient Cyclododecanon, das
gegenüber den bisher zur Synthese von makrocyclischen Riechstoffen mit 15 Ringgliedern verwendeten
Auscangsstoffen, beispielsweise 8-Formyloctanoat
(z-B! entsprechend J. Ctaem. Soc, 4154 [1964]),
außergewöhnliche Vortefle bietet. Cyclododecanon ist in ausgezeichneter Reinheit oad in unbeschränkten
Mengen zu außerordentlich niedrigen Preisen zugänglich. Die Ringerweiterung des Cyclododecanons
auf 15 Ringglieder läßt sich technisch in einfacher und wirtschaftlicher Weise durchführen. So wird bei
der Synthese von Dehydromuskon durch das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren, ausgehend von Cyclododecanon, eine Ausbeute von etwa 30 Gewichtsprozent
erhalten. Das obengenannte, bekannte Verfahren, welches von dem schwer zugänglichen 8-Formyloctanoat ausgeht, ergibt lediglich eine Ausbeute von
1,6 Gewichtsprozent (bezogen auf das eingesetzte Ausgangsmaterial) an einer anderen Muskonvorläuferverbindung.
Beispiel 1
■· . .
a) Eine Lösung von 20,6 g (0,1 Mol) Bicyclo[l 0,3,0]-pentadecen-[l(12)]
und 0,2 g Rose Bengale in 50 ml Methanol und 50 ml Benzol werden in einer Belichtungsapparatur
herkömmlicher Bauart (vgl. zum Beispiel G. O. Schenk in A. Schönberg: »Präparative
organische Photochemie«, Springer Verlag, Göttingen, 1958) unter Durchleiten von reinem Sauerstoff bei
20° C mit einem Quecksilber-Hochdruckbrenner (Typ Philipps HPK 125 Watt) belichtet. Die Reaktion ist
nach etwa 70 Minuten bei einer Absorption von 2300 ml Sauerstoff beendet. Nach Abdampfen des
Lösungsmittels im Vakuum bei einer Badtemperatur von 40° C erhält man 23 g (etwa 93% der theoretischen
Ausbeute) eines teilweise kristallinen Gemisches von 1 - Hydroperoxybicyclof 10,3,0] - pentadecen - [ 12( 13)]
und 1 - Hydroperoxybicyclo[ 10,3,0] - pentadecen-[11(12)]. Das Produkt zeigt mit KJ Eisessig eine
positive Hydroperoxydreaktion (Jodabscheidung). IR-Spektrum: 3400 cm"1 (assoz. OOH-Valenz);815 cm"1
(trisubst. C — C-Gruppe).
b) In eine auf 00C gekühlte und in einer inerten
Atmosphäre (N2) gehaltene Lösung von 23,8 g eines gemäß Beispiel 1 a hergestellten Hydroperoxydgemisches
in 300 ml absolutem Tetrahydrofuran leitet man langsam das aus 12 g Natriumborhydrid in
Diäthylenglykoldimethyläther durch Zutropfen von 60 g 40%igem Borfiuorid-Ätherat entwickelte Diboran
ein. Nach einstündigem Rühren setzt man dem Reaktionsgemisch unter Kühlung eine Mischung von 100 g
12%iges äthanolisches Kaliumhydroxyd und 25 g 30%iges Wasserstoffperoxyd zu und rührt das Reaktionsgemisch
noch 2 Stunden. Durch Aufarbeitung des Reaktionsgemisches nach üblichen Methoden
erhält man 18,5 g (75% der Theorie) eines Gemisches von Bicyclo[ 10.3,0] - pentadecandiol - (1,11) und
Bicyclo[10,3,0]-cyclopentadecandiol-(l,13), das zur Kristallisation neigt. Das IR-Spektrum dieses Produkts
weist eine OH-Valenzschwingung bei 3450 cm"1 auf und zeigt im übrigen keine Anzeichen für C = C-Doppelbindungen.
c) 2 g des im Vakuum getrockneten Diolgemisches werden in 30 ml absolutem Pyridin gelöst und portionsweise
mit 2,0 g Toluolsulfonsäurechlorid versetzt. Man läßt die Lösung 2 Tage bei Raumtemperatur
S° stehen und gießt sie anschließend in Wasser. Das
abgeschiedene Ol wird in Äther aufgenommen, woran!
man die ätherische Lösung mit verdünnter Natriumbicarbonatlösung wäscht und das Lösungsmittel abdampft. Man erhält 3.8 g eines teilweise kristalliner
SS Gemisches der Monotosyldiole.
d) Man vermischt 2,0 g des Tosylatgemisches mi
20 ml absolutem tert-Butanol und 3 g Natrium
methylat und kocht das Gemisch unter Rückflul 2 Stunden unter Feuchtigkeitsausschluß. Nach den
Abdampfen des tert.-Butanols hn Vakuum nimm
man den Rückstand in 100 ml Wasser auf und extra hiert die Lösung mit 50 ml Äther. Durch Aufarbeiten
des Extraktes erhält man 0.9 g eines öligen Produkte das gemäß gaschromatographischer Analyse zu 72°/
aus einem Gemisch von Cydopentadecen-(4)-on-(1
und Cyclopentadien - (5) - on - (1) besteht. Dies« Gemisch kann durch Hydrierung in Cydopentad«
canon übergeführt werden.
509536/424
a) Man löst 22,2 g (0,1 Mol) cis-Cyclopentadecen-(4)-on-(l)
in 300 ml Benzol und gibt der Lösung 5 g Diphenyldisulfid zu. Die Lösung wird in einer Belichtungsapparatur
herkömmlicher Bauart (vgl. zum Beispiel G. O. S c h e η k in A. Schönberg: »Präparative
organische Photochemie«, Springer Verlag, Göttingen, 1958) bei Raumtemperatur mit einem
Quecksilber-Hochdruckbrenner (Typ Philipps HKP 125 Watt) 48 Stunden belichtet. Das Reaktionsgemisch
wird in üblicher Weise aufgearbeitet, wobei man ein Produkt erhält, das zu etwa 90% aus trans-Cyclopentadecen-(4)-on-(l)
besteht.
■
55 20 20 10
1-Rosenoxid
Natürlicher entfetteter Zibet
Sandelholz
Ylang
Geranium Bourbon
Jasmolacton, 10%ige Lösung 20
Verbena 30
Methyl-dihydrojasmonat 50
Petitgrain-Bigarade 40
Rose, künstlich 80
Absolutes Eichenmoos 20
Phenyläthylalkohol 20
Damascenon, 10%ige Lösung 50
Bergamotte, künstlich 100
Cumarin 50
Ambrettemoschus 10
Ketonmoschus 10
Methylnonylacetaldehyd, 10% 10
Dodecanal, 10%ige Lösung 10
Undecanal, 10%ige Lösung 30
Nonanal 20
Jasmin, künstlich 100
fi-lsomethylionon 100
Vetiverylacetat 50
Patchouli 10
Vetiverol 30
Cyclopenladecen-(4 und -5)-on-(l) mit
überwiegendem Anteil der transisomeren, als 10%ige Lösung 50
überwiegendem Anteil der transisomeren, als 10%ige Lösung 50
Insgesamt 1000
Die Zugabe der erfindungsgemäßen Verbindungen verleiht der Grundkomposition eine gute definierte
Homogenität und entwickelt eine markante Moschusnote. Dieser Moschuscharakter besitzt eine natürliche
und warme Tiefe.
Claims (1)
1. Ketone der allgemeinen Formel O
CH2-C
(CH2J8
(CH2J8
CH2
CH-R
CH-R
handelt und das erhaltene Monotosylatgemisch mit einer stark alkalischen Verbindung, wie Kanum-tert-butylat,
behandelt und gewünschtenfalls ein cis-isomerenhaltlges Produkt durch Belichtung
in üblicher Weise in das trans-Isomere überführt 3. Verwendung der Ketone der im Anspruch 1
angegebenen Formel als Riechstoffe und/oder Fixateure.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH1751966A CH503680A (de) | 1966-12-08 | 1966-12-08 | Verfahren zur Herstellung von makrocyclischen Ketonen |
CH1751966 | 1966-12-08 | ||
DEF0054249 | 1967-12-07 | ||
US15696671A | 1971-06-25 | 1971-06-25 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE1668054A1 DE1668054A1 (de) | 1972-02-03 |
DE1668054B2 true DE1668054B2 (de) | 1975-09-04 |
DE1668054C3 DE1668054C3 (de) | 1976-04-22 |
Family
ID=
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0025870A1 (de) * | 1979-08-28 | 1981-04-01 | Haarmann & Reimer Gmbh | Cyclopentadecen-8-on-1, Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung und seine Verwendung als Riechstoff |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0025870A1 (de) * | 1979-08-28 | 1981-04-01 | Haarmann & Reimer Gmbh | Cyclopentadecen-8-on-1, Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung und seine Verwendung als Riechstoff |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB1205048A (en) | 1970-09-09 |
NL142664B (nl) | 1974-07-15 |
CH503680A (de) | 1971-02-28 |
FR1558413A (de) | 1969-02-28 |
GB1205047A (en) | 1970-09-09 |
US3778483A (en) | 1973-12-11 |
NL6716700A (de) | 1968-06-10 |
DE1793801C2 (de) | 1978-05-24 |
GB1205049A (en) | 1970-09-09 |
DE1668054A1 (de) | 1972-02-03 |
GB1205050A (en) | 1970-09-09 |
DE1793801B1 (de) | 1977-09-29 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
C3 | Grant after two publication steps (3rd publication) | ||
E77 | Valid patent as to the heymanns-index 1977 | ||
8339 | Ceased/non-payment of the annual fee |