DE102009053218A1 - Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Polyurethanschaums mittels über- oder nahekritischen Treibmittels - Google Patents

Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Polyurethanschaums mittels über- oder nahekritischen Treibmittels Download PDF

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Publication number
DE102009053218A1
DE102009053218A1 DE102009053218A DE102009053218A DE102009053218A1 DE 102009053218 A1 DE102009053218 A1 DE 102009053218A1 DE 102009053218 A DE102009053218 A DE 102009053218A DE 102009053218 A DE102009053218 A DE 102009053218A DE 102009053218 A1 DE102009053218 A1 DE 102009053218A1
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Germany
Prior art keywords
weight
mixture
blowing agent
component
closed mold
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
DE102009053218A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Stefan Dr. 50670 Lindner
Wolfgang Dr. 50933 Friedrichs
Reinhard Prof. Dr. 41540 Strey
Thomas Dr. 50823 Sottmann
Elena 50931 Khazova
Lorenz 50937 Kramer
Verena 51429 Posselt
Agnes 50354 Chalbi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Covestro Deutschland AG
Original Assignee
Bayer MaterialScience AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bayer MaterialScience AG filed Critical Bayer MaterialScience AG
Priority to DE102009053218A priority Critical patent/DE102009053218A1/de
Priority to ES10775804.7T priority patent/ES2523996T3/es
Priority to CA2779979A priority patent/CA2779979C/en
Priority to KR1020127014600A priority patent/KR101761953B1/ko
Priority to EP10775804.7A priority patent/EP2496624B1/de
Priority to US13/505,769 priority patent/US9139683B2/en
Priority to MX2012005242A priority patent/MX349772B/es
Priority to DK10775804.7T priority patent/DK2496624T3/da
Priority to PCT/EP2010/066744 priority patent/WO2011054873A2/de
Priority to BR112012010624A priority patent/BR112012010624A2/pt
Priority to RU2012123133/04A priority patent/RU2541573C9/ru
Priority to JP2012537389A priority patent/JP5629778B2/ja
Priority to CN201080061627.8A priority patent/CN102712737B/zh
Priority to PL10775804T priority patent/PL2496624T3/pl
Publication of DE102009053218A1 publication Critical patent/DE102009053218A1/de
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/08—Processes
    • C08G18/14—Manufacture of cellular products
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
    • B29C44/34—Auxiliary operations
    • B29C44/3469—Cell or pore nucleation
    • B29C44/348—Cell or pore nucleation by regulating the temperature and/or the pressure, e.g. suppression of foaming until the pressure is rapidly decreased
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
    • B29C44/34—Auxiliary operations
    • B29C44/60—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/65—Low-molecular-weight compounds having active hydrogen with high-molecular-weight compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/66—Compounds of groups C08G18/42, C08G18/48, or C08G18/52
    • C08G18/6633—Compounds of group C08G18/42
    • C08G18/6637—Compounds of group C08G18/42 with compounds of group C08G18/32 or polyamines of C08G18/38
    • C08G18/664—Compounds of group C08G18/42 with compounds of group C08G18/32 or polyamines of C08G18/38 with compounds of group C08G18/3203
    • C08G18/6644—Compounds of group C08G18/42 with compounds of group C08G18/32 or polyamines of C08G18/38 with compounds of group C08G18/3203 having at least three hydroxy groups
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G81/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by interreacting polymers in the absence of monomers, e.g. block polymers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/02—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by the reacting monomers or modifying agents during the preparation or modification of macromolecules
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
    • C08J9/12—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent
    • C08J9/122—Hydrogen, oxygen, CO2, nitrogen or noble gases
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
    • C08J9/12—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent
    • C08J9/14—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent organic
    • C08J9/141—Hydrocarbons
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/04—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped cellular or porous
    • B29K2105/041—Microporous
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G2110/00—Foam properties
    • C08G2110/0025—Foam properties rigid
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G2110/00—Foam properties
    • C08G2110/0041—Foam properties having specified density
    • C08G2110/005—< 50kg/m3
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2203/00—Foams characterized by the expanding agent
    • C08J2203/08—Supercritical fluid
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2375/00—Characterised by the use of polyureas or polyurethanes; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2375/04—Polyurethanes

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
  • Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
DE102009053218A 2009-11-06 2009-11-06 Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Polyurethanschaums mittels über- oder nahekritischen Treibmittels Ceased DE102009053218A1 (de)

Priority Applications (14)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102009053218A DE102009053218A1 (de) 2009-11-06 2009-11-06 Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Polyurethanschaums mittels über- oder nahekritischen Treibmittels
ES10775804.7T ES2523996T3 (es) 2009-11-06 2010-11-03 Procedimiento para la preparación de una espuma de poliuretano mediante un agente de expansión supercrítico o cuasi-crítico
CA2779979A CA2779979C (en) 2009-11-06 2010-11-03 Method for producing a polyurethane foam by means of a supercritical or near-critical propellant
KR1020127014600A KR101761953B1 (ko) 2009-11-06 2010-11-03 초임계 또는 근-임계 추진제를 사용하는 폴리우레탄 발포체의 제조 방법
EP10775804.7A EP2496624B1 (de) 2009-11-06 2010-11-03 Verfahren zur herstellung eines polyurethanschaums mittels über- oder nahekritischen treibmittels
US13/505,769 US9139683B2 (en) 2009-11-06 2010-11-03 Process for producing a polyurethane foam by means of supercritical or near-critical blowing agent
MX2012005242A MX349772B (es) 2009-11-06 2010-11-03 Procedimiento para la preparación de una espuma de poliuretano mediante un agente de expansión or supercrítico o cuasi-crítico.
DK10775804.7T DK2496624T3 (da) 2009-11-06 2010-11-03 Fremgangsmåde til fremstilling af et polyurethanskum ved hjælp af et over- eller nærkritisk drivmiddel
PCT/EP2010/066744 WO2011054873A2 (de) 2009-11-06 2010-11-03 Verfahren zur herstellung eines polyurethanschaums mittels über- oder nahekritischen treibmittels
BR112012010624A BR112012010624A2 (pt) 2009-11-06 2010-11-03 método para a produção de uma espuma de poliuretano por meio de um agente de expansão supercrítico ou próximo ao crítico.
RU2012123133/04A RU2541573C9 (ru) 2009-11-06 2010-11-03 Способ получения полиуретановой пены с помощью порообразователя, находящегося в сверхкритическом или околокритическом состоянии
JP2012537389A JP5629778B2 (ja) 2009-11-06 2010-11-03 超臨界または近臨界発泡剤によるポリウレタンフォームの製造方法
CN201080061627.8A CN102712737B (zh) 2009-11-06 2010-11-03 借助于超临界或近临界发泡剂制造聚氨酯泡沫的方法
PL10775804T PL2496624T3 (pl) 2009-11-06 2010-11-03 Sposób wytwarzania pianki poliuretanowej za pomocą środka porotwórczego nadkrytycznego lub bliskiego krytycznemu

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102009053218A DE102009053218A1 (de) 2009-11-06 2009-11-06 Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Polyurethanschaums mittels über- oder nahekritischen Treibmittels

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE102009053218A1 true DE102009053218A1 (de) 2011-07-14

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DE102009053218A Ceased DE102009053218A1 (de) 2009-11-06 2009-11-06 Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Polyurethanschaums mittels über- oder nahekritischen Treibmittels

Country Status (14)

Country Link
US (1) US9139683B2 (https=)
EP (1) EP2496624B1 (https=)
JP (1) JP5629778B2 (https=)
KR (1) KR101761953B1 (https=)
CN (1) CN102712737B (https=)
BR (1) BR112012010624A2 (https=)
CA (1) CA2779979C (https=)
DE (1) DE102009053218A1 (https=)
DK (1) DK2496624T3 (https=)
ES (1) ES2523996T3 (https=)
MX (1) MX349772B (https=)
PL (1) PL2496624T3 (https=)
RU (1) RU2541573C9 (https=)
WO (1) WO2011054873A2 (https=)

Cited By (4)

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DE102010060386A1 (de) * 2010-11-05 2012-05-10 Bayer Materialscience Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zur Herstellung eines geschäumten Materials, hierbei eingesetzte emulsionsförmige Zusammensetzung und hieraus erhältliches geschäumtes Material
DE102019200446A1 (de) 2019-01-16 2020-07-16 Evonik Operations Gmbh Poly-OH-funktionelle Trisiloxane, deren Herstellung sowie deren Verwendung zur Herstellung von Polyurethanschäumen
CN112795174A (zh) * 2020-12-31 2021-05-14 平湖华申汽车内饰件有限公司 一种汽车内饰聚氨酯自动发泡一体化工艺
EP3838545A1 (de) 2019-12-17 2021-06-23 Covestro Deutschland AG Polyolmischungen und deren verwendung in der herstellung feinzelliger polyurethanschäume

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WO2011144728A1 (de) * 2010-05-21 2011-11-24 Basf Se Nanoporöse polymerschaumstoffe
US20130216814A1 (en) * 2010-08-23 2013-08-22 Nitto Denko Corporation W/o emulsion, foam, and functional foam
DE102010060390A1 (de) * 2010-11-05 2012-05-10 Bayer Materialscience Aktiengesellschaft Emulsionsförmige Reaktionsmischung und Verfahren zur Herstellung von Polyurethanschäumen aus einer solchen Reaktionsmischung
WO2014019103A1 (en) * 2012-07-31 2014-02-06 Bayer Materialscience Ag Method for the production of polyurethane foam using emulsified blowing agent
US10414921B1 (en) 2013-09-04 2019-09-17 Virfex, LLC Polyurethane foam based ballistic armor
MX2016005916A (es) * 2013-11-08 2016-07-13 Covestro Deutschland Ag Espuma de poliuretano y proceso para producirla.
DE102013223391A1 (de) 2013-11-15 2015-05-21 Universität Zu Köln Herstellung von porösen Materialien durch Expansion von Polymergelen
US10626290B2 (en) * 2013-12-16 2020-04-21 Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. Method of extending pot life of coating compositions
ES2774783T3 (es) * 2014-01-23 2020-07-22 Dow Global Technologies Llc Espuma rígida de poliuretano con tamaño de celda pequeño
ES2797055T3 (es) 2014-05-28 2020-12-01 Ddp Specialty Electronic Mat Us Inc Procedimiento en molde para producir nanoespuma
JP6438568B2 (ja) 2014-08-15 2018-12-12 ダウ グローバル テクノロジーズ エルエルシー ポリジメチルシロキサングラフト化ポリエチレン発泡体
CN104388073B (zh) * 2014-11-27 2017-07-28 中国石油化工股份有限公司 超临界二氧化碳固体增稠剂及其制备方法和用途
CN105070819B (zh) * 2015-06-30 2017-12-08 厦门大学 一种调控氧化物材料热导率的方法
WO2017144651A1 (en) 2016-02-26 2017-08-31 Solvay Sa Process for the preparation of a polyurethane foam
WO2018013945A1 (en) * 2016-07-15 2018-01-18 Gaco Western, LLC Silicone membranes
EP3490772A1 (de) 2016-07-29 2019-06-05 Covestro Deutschland AG System und verfahren zur herstellung eines geschäumten polymers
ES2951007T3 (es) * 2016-07-29 2023-10-17 Dow Global Technologies Llc Aparato aislante
CN108219097A (zh) * 2016-12-14 2018-06-29 上海东大化学有限公司 一种单组份聚氨酯发泡胶及其制备方法
EP3372625A1 (de) * 2017-03-07 2018-09-12 Covestro Deutschland AG Polyurethanschaum und verfahren zu seiner herstellung
WO2019043043A1 (en) 2017-08-29 2019-03-07 Solvay Sa PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF POLYURETHANE FOAM
WO2019063562A1 (en) 2017-09-27 2019-04-04 Solvay Sa PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF POLYURETHANE FOAM
KR101902441B1 (ko) * 2017-11-28 2018-10-01 주식회사 지아이테크 배치형 발포 공정을 이용한 다경도 다탄성 폴리우레탄 폼 제조 방법
EP3560970A1 (de) 2018-04-25 2019-10-30 Covestro Deutschland AG Offenzelliger polyurethanhartschaum und dessen verwendung
EP3564283A1 (de) 2018-04-30 2019-11-06 Covestro Deutschland AG Verfahren zur herstellung von geschlossenzelligem polyurethanschaum
FR3095207B1 (fr) * 2019-04-16 2021-04-23 Commissariat Energie Atomique Procédé de fonctionnalisation de surface en milieu fluide supercritique
CN110409553B (zh) * 2019-08-06 2021-06-15 长江水利委员会长江科学院 一种高寒高海拔地区太阳能光伏供水系统
EP3789417A1 (de) 2019-09-06 2021-03-10 Covestro Deutschland AG Polyurethan-basierter isolationskörper und verfahren zu seiner herstellung
KR102397310B1 (ko) * 2020-04-08 2022-05-12 에이치디씨현대이피 주식회사 용매를 사용하지 않는 고발포 폴리우레탄 폼 제조방법 및 이 제조방법에 의해 제조된 폴리우레탄 폼
JP2023529615A (ja) * 2020-06-11 2023-07-11 ダウ グローバル テクノロジーズ エルエルシー イソシアネート反応性組成物、並びにポリウレタン及びポリイソシアヌレートフォームを調製する方法

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US20040054022A1 (en) * 2002-09-13 2004-03-18 Achilles Corporation Preparation method for rigid polyurethane foam
DE10260815A1 (de) 2002-12-23 2004-07-15 Universität Zu Köln Aufgeschäumtes Material und Herstellverfahren für das aufgeschäumte Material
US20050131090A1 (en) 2003-12-15 2005-06-16 Furlan Wayne R. Silicone surfactants for rigid polyurethane foam made with hydrocarbon blowing agents
WO2006128872A1 (de) 2005-06-03 2006-12-07 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Poröse polyisocyanat-polyadditionsprodukte
WO2007094780A1 (en) 2006-02-15 2007-08-23 Stepan Company Compatibilizing surfactants for polyurethane polyols and resins

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TW568921B (en) * 1998-08-07 2004-01-01 Huntsman Int Llc Process for preparing a moulded flexible polyurethane foam
AU774491B2 (en) * 1999-12-24 2004-07-01 Huntsman International Llc Gas assisted injection moulding
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