CN87107751A - 用于将α-烯烃聚合为窄分子量分布有规立构聚合物的组分和催化剂 - Google Patents
用于将α-烯烃聚合为窄分子量分布有规立构聚合物的组分和催化剂 Download PDFInfo
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- CN87107751A CN87107751A CN198787107751A CN87107751A CN87107751A CN 87107751 A CN87107751 A CN 87107751A CN 198787107751 A CN198787107751 A CN 198787107751A CN 87107751 A CN87107751 A CN 87107751A CN 87107751 A CN87107751 A CN 87107751A
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Abstract
1.适用于将α-烯烃(共)聚合为窄分子量分布有规立构聚合物的催化剂组分,该组分是通过能够形成含有至少具有一个钛卤键的钛化合物和可任意选用的载于活化形式卤化镁的给电子化合物组分的固体催化剂与含有至少一个活泼氢的化合物(AH)反应得到的,以控制量投料,并使其在一对此固体催化剂非活性的20℃介电常数测量值大于2的液体介质中反应。
2.催化剂包含上述固体催化剂组分与烷基铝化合物和一电子给体化合物的反应产物。
Description
本发明涉及适用于α-烯烃CH2=CHR,其中R是一具有1-8个碳原子的烷基或芳基,特别是丙烯的有规立构(共)聚合的催化剂新组分,以及由这些组分形成的催化剂。
采用由烷基铝化合物、给电子化合物与含有钛化合物的固体组分及载于活化形式的卤化镁之上的给电子化合物反应得到的催化剂使丙烯聚合是公知的。在以本申请者名义申请的法国专利233228和2361423、美国专利4156063、4107413、4107414、4187196、和4336360以及欧洲专利申请号45975、45976和45977中都介绍了上述催化体系的实例。
上述载体催化剂尽管具有高的活性和立体定向性,但造成丙烯聚合物具有相对较宽的分子量分布(MWD),其特征是由凝胶渗透色谱(G·P·C)测量的重均分子量/数均分子量(Mw/Mn)比值大于5。
某些重要的应用中,特别是在注塑成型领域,需要聚合物具有改善的物理-机械性能,如抗弯刚度、耐冲击性和耐热变形性。所有上述这些性能都与窄MWD有着紧密的联系。
最近已在工业生产中实现窄分布的目标(MW/Mn约为3.5),采用的方法是将用MgCl2载体催化剂得到的聚丙烯经过氧化物热降解,实际过程是在聚合物挤出期间添加过氧化物。然而,无论是从高能耗还是从难于控制(重复结果的可能性)的观点考虑,该热降解过程都是相当麻烦的。
我们意外地发现,如果采用载于活化形式的卤化镁上的立体定向性催化剂进行α-烯烃的(共)聚合,就可以得到窄MWD(MW/Mn<4)的α-烯烃有规立构均聚物或共聚物,其中用作催化剂固体组分的产物是通过将含有卤化钛或钛的卤醇化物的可形成固体催化剂的组分,和载于活性卤化镁上的可任意选择的给电子化合物与含有至少一个活泼氢的有机化合物(AH)在一介电常数20℃测量值大于2的液体介质中进行反应得到的。
AH化合物的用量相当于2-30Mg/AH(体系中所含的)摩尔比,最好在5-10之间。
比较理想的适用AH化合物是脂肪醇,特别是C2-C3的醇,例如乙醇,1-丁醇、2-甲基-1-丙醇;脂环醇。酚类及邻位取代酚,如4-叔丁基苯酚,对-甲苯酚,β-萘酚和2,6-二叔丁基-对-甲苯酚(BHT)也是适用的化合物。最适用的化合物是乙醇和丁醇。
有用的AH化合物还包括胺类,羧酸及含杂原子的羧酸、酰胺,二元醇和乙酰丙酮。
上述化合物的具体例子是三氟甲磺酸和乙二醇。
20℃下介电常数大于2的反应介质最好是一种有机卤代化合物。具体的例子包括1,2-二氯乙烷,氯代甲烷,氯苯,氯仿,溴仿,溴代甲烷,邻-二氯苯和苄基氯。
反应介质对于催化剂固体组分或其它组分不必是活性的。
适用的钛化合物至少含有一个钛-卤键,包括卤化钛,如TiCl4、TiCl3和钛的卤醇化物。
TiCl4是比较理想的化合物。
简单地讲,本发明的催化剂包括这样的反应产物,它是由(a)含有卤化钛或卤醇化钛及可任意选择的给电子化合物的固体组分,在上述规定的反应条件下,与(b)烷基铝化合物和(c)给电子化合物反应制备的。
给电子化合物(c)和制备组分(a)所使用的给电子化合物是含有一个或多个氧、硫、磷和氮原子的有机化合物。
这些化合物包括含氧酸的酯,酸的卤化物、酮、醛、醇、酯、硫醚、酰胺、内酯、膦类、磷酰胺,硅化合物如硅烷和硅氧烷,含有至少一个氮原子的杂环化合物。
适用的酯的具体例子包括芳香一元或多元羧酸的烷基酯,脂肪的或芳香的,含有2-20个碳原子,特别是饱和和不饱和多元羧酸的单酯和多酯,芳香羟基酸的酯以及一般说来以本申请者的名义申请的欧洲专利申请号45976和45977中所介绍的那些酯类。这些酯的具体例子是乙酸甲酯、乙酸乙酯、乙酸丁酯、乙酸辛酯、丁酸乙酯或丁酸乙苯酯、戊酸乙酯、丙酸苯酯、丁二酸单乙酯和丁二酸二乙酯、苯甲酸甲酯、苯甲酸乙酯、苯甲酸丙酯或苯甲酸辛酯、对-甲苯甲酸乙酯、对-茴香酸乙酯、二异丁基丙二酸二乙酯、正丁基丙二酸二乙酯、苯基丙二酸二乙酯、己二酸二异丁酯、癸二酸二辛酯、顺丁烯二酸烷基酯、顺丁烯二酸烷基芳基酯、新戊酸烷基酯或新戊酸芳烷基酯,丙烯酸烷基酯和甲基丙烯酸酯,邻苯二甲酸酯如邻苯二甲酸异丁酯、二异丁酯、或二辛酯或新戊酯,邻苯二甲酸二乙酯,邻苯二甲酸二苯酯,邻苯二甲酸苄酯丁酯,碳酸二苯酯,二苯基乙酸乙酯,苯甲酰乙酸异丁酯,1,2-二羟乙酸苯二酯,2,3-萘二酸二异丁酯。适用的化合物还有原酸酯,例如原苯甲酸三乙酯。
适用醚的具体例子是乙醚、丁醚、异戊醚、辛醚、二噁烷、三噁烷、四氢呋喃、乙二醇二甲醚、和受阻醚如甲基异丙苯基醚。
其它适用的给电子化合物的例子是1,2-环氧丙烷,3-氯-1,2-环氧丙烷、二苯酮、亚磷酸酯如亚磷酸三苯酯,三苯膦,PoCl3、2-甲基-α-苯基-乙酰氯、苯甲酰氯、苯甲酰溴和苯甲酰碘、甲苯酰氯、丁内酯以及一般说来以本申请者的名义申请的欧洲专利申请号8647,86472和86473中所引用的所有供电子化合物。
硅化合物的例子是:乙基三乙氧基硅,苯基三乙氧基硅,丙基三乙氧基硅,丁基三乙氧基硅,异丙基三乙氧基硅,异丁基三乙氧基硅、二仲丁基二乙氧基硅、叔丁基三乙氧基硅、甲苯基三乙氧基硅、环己基三乙氧基硅、氯苯基三乙氧基硅、氯乙基三乙氧基硅、三氟丙基三乙氧基硅、新戊基三乙氧基硅、环己基三甲氧基硅、癸基三甲氧基硅、辛基三甲氧基硅、苯基三甲氧基硅、二叔丁基二甲氧基硅、二环己基二甲氧基硅、二甲苯基二甲氧基硅、二异丙基二甲氧基硅、甲基环己基二甲氧基硅、甲基叔丁基二甲氧基硅、甲基三氟丙基二甲氧基硅、甲基异丙基二甲氧基硅、甲基仲丁基二甲氧基硅、甲基正丁基二甲氧基硅、甲基正辛基二甲氧基硅、甲基苯基二甲氧基硅、二仲丁基二甲氧基硅、二(三氟丙基)二甲氧基硅、苯基二甲氧基氯化硅、乙基三异丙基硅、三乙氧基氯化硅、乙烯基三乙氧基硅、三苯基甲氧基硅、四甲氧基硅。
含有至少一个氮原子的杂环化合物的例子是2,2,5,6-四甲基哌啶和2,6-二异丙基哌啶。
形成该固体组分基本载体的活性无水二卤化镁显示出这样的粉末X射线谱,其中出现在普通未经活化二卤化镁光谱中的最强衍射线被一晕圈所代替,也就说与最强衍射线的面间距相关的强度峰发生了迁移。通过在惰性烃溶剂中的热处理可使这些二卤化镁呈现在粉末X射线谱中由晕圈代替的加宽的最强衍射线的形态。适于得到本发明催化剂的二卤化镁的活化态即包括了上述形态。
一般讲,活化态的表面积大于30-40m2/g,特别是介于100-300m2/g之间。
比较理想的二卤化镁是二氯化镁和二溴化镁。二卤化物中的水含量一般少于1%(重量)。
可根据多种方法制备用于与AH化合物反应的固体组分,其中之一,也是优选的方法之一,是将二卤化镁、卤化钛或钛的卤醇化物和给电子化合物(如果使用了的话)进行共研磨,直至此研磨产物的X射线谱中出现了上面提出的二卤化镁光谱那样的变化,然后在一种卤代烃(如1,2-二氯乙烷)悬浮液中热处理此研磨产物,分离固体产物并用庚烷或类似的烃溶剂洗涤。处理过程所需时间视处理温度而定,一般在1-4小时之间。
根据另一种方法,是将二卤化镁与醇的加合物同TiCl4反应。比利时专利868,682和发表的申请号为3,022,738西德专利中介绍了上述方法。
可以导致形成活化形式二卤化镁或其中二卤化物以活化形式存在的含钛二卤化镁载体组分的其它已知方法是基于下列反应:
格利雅(Grignard)试剂或MgR2化合物(R是烃基)或上述MgR2化合物与三烷基铝的络合物与卤化剂,如ALX3、ALRmXn化合物(X是卤素,R是烃基,m+n=3),SiCl4或HsiCl3的反应;
格利雅试剂与硅醇、聚硅氧烷、水或醇的反应,以及与卤化剂或TiCl4的进一步的反应;
Mg与醇和氢卤酸的反应或Mg与卤代烃和醇的反应;
Mgo与Cl2或AlCl3的反应;
MgX2·nH2O(X=卤素)与卤化剂或TiCl4的反应;
单烃氧基镁或二烃氧基镁或镁羧酸盐与卤化剂的反应。
烷基铝化合物(a)最好是三烷基铝,如三乙基铝、三异丁基铝、三正丁基铝等。
它也可以是含有一个或多个通过氧原子或其它杂原子相互连接在一起的铝原子的线性或环状化合物,如:
其中n是一个从1到20的整数。还可采用具有通式AlR2oR′的化合物,其中R′是2位和/或6位取代的芳香基团,R是含有1-8个碳原子的烷基。
烷基铝化合物可与卤代烷基铝(如Al(CH3CH2)2Cl)混合使用。
在固体催化剂组分(a)的制备过程中采用的化合物也适于用作给电子化合物(C)。
如已指出的那样,本发明的催化剂适用于结构式为R-CH=CH2的α-烯烃的聚合,其中R是含有1-8个碳原子的烷基或芳基,尤其是丙烯、1-丁烯、4-甲基-1-戊烯,它们之间和/或它们与乙烯混合物的聚合。
聚合反应可根据已知的方法,在有惰性烃溶剂或没有惰性烃溶剂存在的条件下通过液相操作,或在气相中操作,或通过液相聚合步骤与气相聚合步骤相结合的方法来进行。
一般讲,反应温度在40℃-160℃之间,但最好在60℃-90℃之间,可以在大气压下也可以在高于大气压的压力下操作。
可用氢或其它调节剂作为分子量调节剂。
催化剂可以与少量烯烃予接触(予聚合),这样做特别是为了改善聚合物的形貌。
予聚合反应是将烯烃加入由固体催化剂组分在一种惰性烃溶剂中组成的悬浮液中进行的,该悬浮液中还含有烷基铝化合物及任意选择的给电子化合物。
在此予聚合步骤制备的聚合物的量最好为固体催化剂组分重量的0.5-3倍。
下面给出的实例是为了对本发明进行说明,并不对本发明构成限制。
实例1
(A)固体催化剂组分的制备
将4.0克按照欧洲公开专利申请号45977例8制备的固体催化剂组分悬浮于30ml1,2-二氯乙烷(DCE)中。在10分钟内,向此悬浮液滴加溶于10ml DCE中的0.50ml正丁醇溶液。温度升到80℃反应2小时。将这样得到的0.5ml悬浮液用于丙烯的聚合试验。
(B)丙烯的聚合
在50℃及在丙烯气流下,将25ml正庚烷与3.5毫摩尔AL(C2H5)3和0.175毫摩尔苯基三乙氧基硅组成的悬浮液,和0.5ml根据(A)中所述方法制备的悬浮液加入-2升容积的不锈钢高压釜中。然后将此高压釜密闭,并引入0.1大气压的H2过压,注入400g丙烯,将温度升到70℃。聚合反应进行2小时,然后除去残留单体分离聚合物。表2给出聚合试验结果。
实例2
重复实例1的过程,但在制备步骤(A)使用了更多量的正丁醇。所用的反应物量和聚合试验结果在表1和表2中给出。
实例3-13
重复例1的过程,但在制备步骤(A)改变了反应介质和化合物AH(表1)。聚合试验结果在表1给出。
例1(对比)
重复实例1的过程,但在制备步骤(A)用正己烷作反应介质。聚合试验结果在表2给出。
例2(对比)
重复实例1的过程,但采用的固体催化剂组分是按照欧洲专利申请号4977例8所制备,即省掉了用溶于DCE的丁醇的处理步骤。
(1)EHT=2,6-二叔丁基-对-甲酚
I.I.=等规指数,相当于在沸腾正庚烷中聚合物可溶部分的百分数
Claims (5)
1、一种适用于将α-烯烃(共)聚合成窄分子量分布有规立构聚合物的催化剂组分,该催化剂组分是通过含有载在活化形式的无水卤化镁上的至少有一个钛-卤键的钛化合物及任意选择的给电子化合物的适于α-烯烃有规立构聚合的固体催化剂组分与含有至少一个活泼氢原子的化合物(AH)反应得到的,此反应是在一种液体介质中进行的,该液体对于上述固体催化剂组分是非活性的,且其介电常数在20℃的测量值大于2,上述各反应物的用量相当于Mg/AH的摩尔比介于2-30之间。
2、根据权利要求1的催化剂组分,其中包含给电子化合物。
3、根据权利要求1的催化剂组分,其中化合物AH是选自脂肪醇,脂环醇、酚和萘酚化合物。
4、适于制备窄分子量分布α-烯烃均聚和共聚物的催化剂,包括下列物质反应的产物:
a)根据权利要求1,2和3的催化剂组分;
b)烷基铝化合物;
c)给电子化合物;
5、根据权利要求4的催化剂,其中烷基铝化合物是三烷基铝化合物。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
IT22262H/86 | 1986-11-10 | ||
IT22262/86A IT1199833B (it) | 1986-11-10 | 1986-11-10 | Catalizzatori per la preparazione di polimeri delle alfa-olefine a stretta distribuzione dei pesi molecolari |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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CN87107751A true CN87107751A (zh) | 1988-06-22 |
Family
ID=11193822
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN198787107751A Pending CN87107751A (zh) | 1986-11-10 | 1987-11-10 | 用于将α-烯烃聚合为窄分子量分布有规立构聚合物的组分和催化剂 |
Country Status (19)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4980329A (zh) |
EP (1) | EP0267576B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JPH0714976B2 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR950008510B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN87107751A (zh) |
AT (1) | ATE76650T1 (zh) |
AU (1) | AU614501B2 (zh) |
BR (1) | BR8705941A (zh) |
CA (1) | CA1315270C (zh) |
CS (1) | CS275395B2 (zh) |
DE (1) | DE3779400D1 (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2032803T3 (zh) |
FI (1) | FI874870A (zh) |
IN (1) | IN168253B (zh) |
IT (1) | IT1199833B (zh) |
MX (1) | MX9191A (zh) |
NO (1) | NO170636C (zh) |
SU (1) | SU1614750A3 (zh) |
ZA (1) | ZA878284B (zh) |
Families Citing this family (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
IT1221654B (it) * | 1987-11-27 | 1990-07-12 | Ausimont Spa | Catalizzatori per la polimerizzazione delle olefine |
FR2629461B1 (fr) * | 1988-03-31 | 1993-05-07 | Bp Chimie Sa | Catalyseur de (co)polymerisation du propylene, supporte sur des particules spheriques de chlorure de magnesium et enrobe par du polypropylene, et procedes de preparation |
EP0350170B2 (en) † | 1988-06-17 | 2001-09-12 | Mitsui Chemicals, Inc. | Process for polymerising olefins and polymerisation catalyst therefor |
US5221651A (en) * | 1989-04-28 | 1993-06-22 | Himont Incorporated | Component and catalysts for the polymerization of olefins |
CA2040598A1 (en) * | 1990-04-20 | 1991-10-21 | Masatoshi Toda | Process for producing polyolefins |
FI90083C (fi) * | 1990-12-20 | 1993-12-27 | Neste Oy | Foer olefinpolymerisation avsett stereospecifikt katalysatorsystem |
FR2728181B1 (fr) | 1994-12-16 | 1997-01-31 | Appryl Snc | Composante catalytique pour la polymerisation des olefines, son procede de fabrication, et procede de polymerisation des olefines en presence de ladite composante catalytique |
KR100190434B1 (ko) | 1995-05-18 | 1999-06-01 | 고다 시게노리 | 고체티타늄촉매성분 그 제조방법, 그를 함유한 올레핀중합촉매및올레핀중합방법 |
JPH1112316A (ja) * | 1997-06-26 | 1999-01-19 | Toho Titanium Co Ltd | オレフィン類重合用固体触媒成分及び触媒 |
TW539690B (en) * | 1997-08-11 | 2003-07-01 | Mitsui Chemicals Inc | Process for preparing solid titanium catalyst component, olefin polymerization catalyst, and olefin polymerization process |
JP4440355B2 (ja) * | 1998-03-25 | 2010-03-24 | 住友化学株式会社 | 改質された粒子、それよりなる担体、それよりなるオレフィン重合用触媒成分、それを用いてなるオレフィン重合用触媒、およびオレフィン重合体の製造方法 |
JP2000009964A (ja) | 1998-06-23 | 2000-01-14 | Yazaki Corp | 光コネクタ |
KR100620887B1 (ko) * | 2004-07-01 | 2006-09-19 | 삼성토탈 주식회사 | 아릴옥시계 올레핀 (공)중합촉매를 이용한 올레핀 중합체및 올레핀/α-올레핀 공중합체 제조방법 |
Family Cites Families (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US3135809A (en) * | 1960-07-21 | 1964-06-02 | Southern Res Inst | Isomerization process |
US3859231A (en) * | 1972-10-13 | 1975-01-07 | Gulf Research Development Co | Simplified process for manufacture of catalyst component |
IT1068112B (it) * | 1976-08-09 | 1985-03-21 | Montedison Spa | Componenti di catalizzatori per la polimerizzazione delle alfa olefine e catalizzatori da essi ottenuti |
IT1114822B (it) * | 1977-07-04 | 1986-01-27 | Montedison Spa | Componenti di catalizzatori per la polimerizzazione delle alfa-olefine |
JPS54107990A (en) * | 1978-02-14 | 1979-08-24 | Showa Yuka Kk | Method of making improved ethylene polymer |
IT1099416B (it) * | 1978-10-23 | 1985-09-18 | Montedison Spa | Componenti e catalizzatori per la polimerizzazione delle olefine |
IT1141295B (it) * | 1980-04-22 | 1986-10-01 | Montedison Spa | Componenti e catalizzatori per la polimerizzazione delle alfaolefine |
IT1209255B (it) * | 1980-08-13 | 1989-07-16 | Montedison Spa | Catalizzatori per la polimerizzazione di olefine. |
IT1190681B (it) * | 1982-02-12 | 1988-02-24 | Montedison Spa | Componenti e catalizzatori per la polimerizzazione di olefine |
IT1195953B (it) * | 1982-09-10 | 1988-11-03 | Montedison Spa | Componenti e catalizzatori per la polimerizzazione di olefine |
JPS5975910A (ja) * | 1982-10-25 | 1984-04-28 | Mitsui Petrochem Ind Ltd | エチレン共重合体 |
-
1986
- 1986-11-10 IT IT22262/86A patent/IT1199833B/it active
-
1987
- 1987-11-04 ZA ZA878284A patent/ZA878284B/xx unknown
- 1987-11-04 FI FI874870A patent/FI874870A/fi not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1987-11-05 BR BR8705941A patent/BR8705941A/pt unknown
- 1987-11-05 AU AU80839/87A patent/AU614501B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1987-11-06 JP JP62279461A patent/JPH0714976B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-11-09 IN IN876/CAL/87A patent/IN168253B/en unknown
- 1987-11-09 SU SU874203738A patent/SU1614750A3/ru active
- 1987-11-09 MX MX919187A patent/MX9191A/es unknown
- 1987-11-09 NO NO874655A patent/NO170636C/no unknown
- 1987-11-09 CA CA000551411A patent/CA1315270C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1987-11-10 CS CS878055A patent/CS275395B2/cs unknown
- 1987-11-10 CN CN198787107751A patent/CN87107751A/zh active Pending
- 1987-11-10 DE DE8787116588T patent/DE3779400D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-11-10 ES ES198787116588T patent/ES2032803T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-11-10 EP EP87116588A patent/EP0267576B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-11-10 AT AT87116588T patent/ATE76650T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1987-11-10 KR KR1019870012661A patent/KR950008510B1/ko active IP Right Grant
-
1989
- 1989-05-15 US US07/353,223 patent/US4980329A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPH0714976B2 (ja) | 1995-02-22 |
SU1614750A3 (ru) | 1990-12-15 |
EP0267576A2 (en) | 1988-05-18 |
CS805587A2 (en) | 1990-10-12 |
MX9191A (es) | 1994-01-31 |
NO170636B (no) | 1992-08-03 |
FI874870A (fi) | 1988-05-11 |
JPS63199207A (ja) | 1988-08-17 |
AU8083987A (en) | 1988-05-12 |
ATE76650T1 (de) | 1992-06-15 |
NO874655L (no) | 1988-05-11 |
ES2032803T3 (es) | 1993-03-01 |
CA1315270C (en) | 1993-03-30 |
US4980329A (en) | 1990-12-25 |
NO170636C (no) | 1992-11-11 |
IN168253B (zh) | 1991-03-02 |
AU614501B2 (en) | 1991-09-05 |
BR8705941A (pt) | 1988-06-14 |
KR880006273A (ko) | 1988-07-22 |
KR950008510B1 (ko) | 1995-07-31 |
FI874870A0 (fi) | 1987-11-04 |
ZA878284B (en) | 1988-04-29 |
CS275395B2 (en) | 1992-02-19 |
DE3779400D1 (de) | 1992-07-02 |
EP0267576B1 (en) | 1992-05-27 |
EP0267576A3 (en) | 1990-10-17 |
IT8622262A0 (it) | 1986-11-10 |
NO874655D0 (no) | 1987-11-09 |
IT1199833B (it) | 1989-01-05 |
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