CN87104983A - 带有用电焊连结用的整体型加热电阻的聚乙烯管 - Google Patents

带有用电焊连结用的整体型加热电阻的聚乙烯管 Download PDF

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CN87104983A
CN87104983A CN198787104983A CN87104983A CN87104983A CN 87104983 A CN87104983 A CN 87104983A CN 198787104983 A CN198787104983 A CN 198787104983A CN 87104983 A CN87104983 A CN 87104983A CN 87104983 A CN87104983 A CN 87104983A
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保罗·邦纳赞莱
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29DPRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D23/00Producing tubular articles
    • B29D23/001Pipes; Pipe joints
    • B29D23/003Pipe joints, e.g. straight joints
    • B29D23/005Pipe joints, e.g. straight joints provided with electrical wiring
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/34Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
    • B29C65/3404Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the type of heated elements which remain in the joint
    • B29C65/342Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the type of heated elements which remain in the joint comprising at least a single wire, e.g. in the form of a winding
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/34Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
    • B29C65/3472Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the composition of the heated elements which remain in the joint
    • B29C65/3476Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the composition of the heated elements which remain in the joint being metallic
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/66Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by liberation of internal stresses, e.g. shrinking of one of the parts to be joined
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/52Joining tubular articles, bars or profiled elements
    • B29C66/522Joining tubular articles
    • B29C66/5221Joining tubular articles for forming coaxial connections, i.e. the tubular articles to be joined forming a zero angle relative to each other
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/71General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16LPIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L47/00Connecting arrangements or other fittings specially adapted to be made of plastics or to be used with pipes made of plastics
    • F16L47/02Welded joints; Adhesive joints
    • F16L47/03Welded joints with an electrical resistance incorporated in the joint
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/34Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
    • B29C65/3472Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the composition of the heated elements which remain in the joint
    • B29C65/3476Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the composition of the heated elements which remain in the joint being metallic
    • B29C65/348Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the composition of the heated elements which remain in the joint being metallic with a polymer coating
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29KINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2023/00Use of polyalkenes or derivatives thereof as moulding material
    • B29K2023/04Polymers of ethylene
    • B29K2023/06PE, i.e. polyethylene

Abstract

带有一个整体型电阻热焊装置的聚乙烯管子,包括一个位于其一个端部的基本上是圆柱形的插座3和一个位于其中的电线线圈电阻4,该电阻的轴向长度不超过所说的插座3的长度,而且它的外径切实地与所说插座的内径一致,该电阻4的内径与管2的外径相等,但可有小的空隙,这样两个管端(1和2)可互相匹配。该管子可用热焊连结到一个同等的邻近的管子截段上或一个有至少一个匹配端部的接头上,只要简单地把管子的普通端插入含有电阻的插座型端中并供电给所说的电阻,这样就得到一个热焊连结。

Description

本发明涉及一种带有整体型电阻热焊装置的聚乙烯管,尤其是涉及到一种装备有一个圆柱形金属电线线圈的、插座式端部的聚乙烯管,该电线线圈牢牢地装在该插座内,线圈两端接头可以从外部够到,从而,通过把(一根管子)的未扩张端插入所说管子的插座中,并把导线与电源连结起来,用热焊就可以把两根管子永久地连接起来。
众所周知,不同的管子截面之间的连接,以及管子的组装可用不同的方法进行,如焊接、法兰连结、螺纹连结等等,取决于制造管子的材料类型。
对于塑料管子,常用的方法有带密封环承插连接,用一些适当的粘合剂连接。以及焊接或热熔连接,每种方法较好地适用于某些特定类型的材料。
在聚乙烯管的情况下,由于聚乙烯的低熔点和它的流动性和可汞齐性(amalgability)特性,用热焊连结具有特别的优越性。使被连接的两个边缘被加热到足以引起某种限定的熔化的温度,然后把它们连结起来,这样,当该材料固化时,就构成了两块之间的连续。
另一方面,因为这样的聚合物变得非常容易变形,所以对于采用填片,如经常采用于聚丙烯和PVC管的承插式接头就显得很不方便。
一种用了很久的连接聚乙烯管截面的方法是对接焊,在这个方法中,两个相邻端靠拢,然后通过在其中间放入一块加热板(称为“镜子”)使两个管子截面边缘上的材料熔化而对焊起来,然后,把加热板移去,所说的两端就连起来了。然而,这个方法难以实际操作,而且需要熟练劳动:事实上为了不会造成任何连接不连续的根源,管子的边缘应当匹配得很好,而这经常因为沿两个装配管端所显示的不同方向的椭圆形,造成这个方法为实际不可行。
后来采用了用电阻的套筒式连接方法,这类方法无疑为连接的可靠性提供了一个更好的保证,而且要求较少的装配劳动;这类方法包括一个聚乙烯套筒,其内径约等于主管的外径,这个套管被装在被连接的两个管端上,然后用一个复盖在该套管内表面上的电线线圈进行热焊。当向所说的线圈通电时,根据焦耳效应产生的热使两个管端的外表面及该套筒的内表面熔化。这两个熔化的表面互相焊接,这样就形成了一个整体。
然而,这样的方法花钱很多,因为它要求用一个附加的装置,其费用会得不到补偿。而且这样的方法的实现还需要相当小心并且花时间。
为了减少连接处数量,因而减少对焊或利用套筒连接的困难,也为了满足对更长管道系统的聚乙烯管子的显著需要,因而需要以长的盘管形式(长达100米)加快管子从挤压机中出来,这要求相应的设备及增加的劳动量,而且最不适宜于运输。
因此,本发明的一个目的是提供一种聚乙烯管的连接方法,即使在高压和苛刻操作条件下,该方法也能提供高可靠性,同时其实施是经济并且简单的,并具有可用管子棒材代替卷筒材料的优点。
这表示,根据本发明,把所说的电热焊连接装置直接用于管子而不需要用任何外加的设备,这是通过结合了承插式连结与用套筒和电阻进行的连结方法的基本原理而成为可能的。
因此,本发明在每根管子棒料的一端提供一个承插口型的扩展部分,其中固定了一个电线线圈,线圈的端部接头可以从外部够到,这样,通过把一根管子棒材的普通端插入如上所述的另一根管子棒材的扩展端,简便而迅速地实现热焊连结。
根据本发明,一个带整体型电阻热焊装置的聚乙烯管子包括一个在其一个端部的基本为圆柱形的扩展部分和由一个电线线圈形成的电阻,该线圈的两个端部接头都在带扩展部分端,且其轴向长度不超过所说的扩展部分长度,其外径切实地与所说的扩展部分的内径一致并以其两个端部接头可从外部够到的方式被置于所说的扩展部分内,所说的电阻的内径等于管子外径,但可有一个小的空隙,这样一个管子截段的两端可互相匹配。
根据本发明,可以通过把一根管子棒材的未扩展部分插入到另一根的那个匹配端中并使放在里面的电阻通电足以热熔化该塑料材料,管子棒材就可以一根接一根地连起来;显然,这样的连接方法比一般用的方法要经济和容易得多。
而且,根据本发明的管子棒材通过应用所提出的连接装置可以被连结到任何具有匹配端的接头或管路组件上。
端部的扩展部分可以分开制造,然后固定连结到一个普通的管子棒材上,但是它可以经加工该管子棒材的一端得到与该管子本身成一整体的一个插座的方法制造。这样要优越得多。
插座和位于其内部的电阻的轴向长度可根据管子的正常压力NP,即用于管子设计的标称压力变化。
根据本发明的一个较好的实施例,所说的电阻由一个紧密的复有一层薄聚乙烯绝缘层的螺旋电线线圈制成,这使得在实行连接时较容易操作电阻,此外,当装配管子时,聚乙烯涂层熔化而连续加入到连接处去。
可以把两个接线片连到位于插座边缘的电阻两个端部接头,以保持迅速和稳定地供电。接线片最好位于在插座内表面上邻近其边缘的两个孔中。也可以在插座边缘内部设置一个环形槽以供给放置两个接线片所需的空间。
所说的接线片平行于管子轴线安放,但是它们也可以被固定在插座边缘上,这样的话,它们的端部的方向就垂直于所说的管轴。
也可以提供另一种方法来代替接线片,把一对插棒穿过插座壁厚并伸出外部,这样就能用来连结内部的线圈接头。
另一种也处于本发明的基本概念之中的解决方法是设置一个位于管子的普通端外的电气线圈而不是把该绕组插入插座端。
因此,根据本发明的另一个实施例,提供了一个带整体的电阻热焊装置的聚乙烯管子,包括一个位于其一端的基本上是圆柱形的扩展部分和一个由一个电线线圈形成的电阻,该电线线圈的两端都在扩展部分端,其轴向长度不超过所说的扩展部分长度,其内径切实地与所说管子的外径一致,并绕着该管的普通端以使所说的线圈接头朝向该管子边缘的方式安置,所说的电阻的外径与所说的扩展部分的内径相等,但可有一小的间隙,这样,一个管子截段的两端可互相匹配。
显然,在这种情况下,两根管子之间、或一根管子与一个接头之间的连结也可以以同样方法实现。
现在专门参考在附图1中所显示的一个较好的实施例以说明而不是限定本发明的目的来描述本发明。
图1中,显示了一个局部剖视图,即根据本发明的管子连接的轴测图,一般用1表示第一根管子截段的一端,用2表示第二根类似的管子截段相匹配的一端。
端2是未加工管子的一个普通端,而端1带有插座3和由一个螺旋状电线线圈构成的电阻4。电阻4看上去象一个压紧的块,因为电线被一层薄的聚乙烯层涂层包复使它具有绝缘性,如已说过的那样使得两部分热焊较容易。
5指出了一对安置每个接线片(没有表示出来)的两个孔中的一个。
如图1所示,在装配端1和端2上,通过接线片向电阻4供给适当的电源,通过热焊很快达到两个管子截段的连结而不会出任何差错
经适当的插座成形操作生产显示的管子,其由联机方法直接在挤压后进行,根据包括一个炉子加热阶段和扩展阶段的插座成形的操作需要的时间,应当把设备制成一条或几条平行生产线与一条挤压生产线相连。
管子一端被扩展后,圆柱形的电阻被放入插座形的一端,然后由于材料在冷却时的收缩在它的位置上成块状。作为最后一个阶段,将管子快速冷却,如在一个水箱里,所说的冷却使插座以它的形状结块,就这样由于聚乙烯强烈的热储性就避免了失去通过扩展得到的形状。
以这样的方式,当组装管子时在插座中形成一种潜在的径向收缩,在加热时由于插座的“再收缩”产生一个压力,这样就有助于保证连结处的良好密封。
已经专门参考了本发明的一些专有的实施例对本发明作了描述,但是可以理解,本领域的技术人员能在不离开本发明的一般范围的条件下作出一些改变和修改。

Claims (8)

1、一种带有一个整体型电阻热焊装置的聚乙烯管,其特征在于它包括一个位于其一个端部的基本上是圆柱形的扩展部分和一个由电线线圈形成的电阻,该线圈的两个端部接头都在带扩展部分端,且其轴向长度不超过所说的扩展部分长度,其外径切实地与所说的扩展部分的内径一致并以其所说的两个端部接头可从外部够到的方式被置于扩展部分内,所说的电阻的内径等于管子外径,但可以有一个小的空隙,所以一个管子截段的两端可互相匹配。
2、如权利要求1所说的管子,其特征在于所说的基本上是圆柱形的扩展部分是一个与管子本身连成一体的插座,其由二端中的加工端获得。
3、如权利要求1或2所说的管子,其特征在于所说的电阻是由一个被一层薄的聚乙烯层复盖的紧密的螺旋形电线线圈形成的。
4、如权利要求3所说的管子,其特征在于用来与电源连结的两个接线片与位于所说的扩展部分边缘的电阻的接头相连结。
5、如权利要求4所说的管子,其特征在于所说的接线片位于在所说的扩展部分的内表面上并邻近其边缘处的两个孔中。
6、如权利要求4所说的管子,其特征在于所说的接线片位于一个在所说的扩展部分的内表面上并邻近其边缘处形成的一个环形槽中。
7、一种带有一个整体型电阻热焊装置的聚乙烯管,其特征在于它包括一个位于其一个端部的基本上是圆柱型的扩展部分和一个由电线线圈形成的电阻,该线圈的两个端部接头都在带扩展部分端,并且其轴向长度不超过所说的扩展部分长度,其内径切实地与所说管子的外径一致并以所说的端部接头朝向管子边缘的方式被绕着管子的普通端安装,所说的电阻的外径与所说的扩展部分内径一致,但可以有一个小的空隙,这样一个管子截段的两端可互相匹配。
8、一种如权利要求1~7所说的基本如前面所描述和说明的带有一个整体的电阻热焊装置的聚乙烯管子。
CN198787104983A 1986-07-22 1987-07-18 带有用电焊连结用的整体型加热电阻的聚乙烯管 Pending CN87104983A (zh)

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IT8648290A IT8648290A0 (it) 1986-07-22 1986-07-22 Tubo in polietilene con sistema di termosaldatura a resistenza elettrica incorporato

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CN104896209B (zh) * 2015-05-21 2017-03-22 杭州联通管业有限公司 一种内嵌电热熔带的聚乙烯塑料管的制作方法
CN109311237A (zh) * 2016-05-13 2019-02-05 Abn管系统有限个人公司 用于管元件的连接装置
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AU7701687A (en) 1988-02-10
ZA875163B (en) 1988-01-19
EP0283478A1 (en) 1988-09-28
JPH01500452A (ja) 1989-02-16
DD263022A1 (de) 1988-12-21
IT8648290A0 (it) 1986-07-22
GR871152B (en) 1987-11-20
ES2006523A6 (es) 1989-05-01
WO1988000668A1 (en) 1988-01-28
YU134187A (en) 1989-02-28

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