CN87104453A - 光学外差接收机 - Google Patents
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/60—Receivers
- H04B10/61—Coherent receivers
- H04B10/615—Arrangements affecting the optical part of the receiver
- H04B10/6151—Arrangements affecting the optical part of the receiver comprising a polarization controller at the receiver's input stage
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/60—Receivers
- H04B10/61—Coherent receivers
- H04B10/64—Heterodyne, i.e. coherent receivers where, after the opto-electronic conversion, an electrical signal at an intermediate frequency [IF] is obtained
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Abstract
公开一种用于振幅移位键控法、移相键控法、移频键控法和微分移相键控法调制过的信号的具有偏振控制器的光学外差接收机。它包括以差分检测器原理工作的部件(Q、Q′、Q″),以消除发射圆偏振光的本机振荡器(LO)的散粒噪声;还包括直角相位解调器(D、D′、D″),该解调器除输出有用信号(N)外,还提供偏振控制信号(S、Sw),用该控制信号调节接收光(Es)的椭圆度和偏振角,使接收光(Es)以45°或135°线性偏振。
Description
本发明涉及光学外差接收机。
在1985年9月12日出版的“电子学通讯”第21卷第19期的867至868页上,描述了一个用于振幅移位键控法(ASK)和微分移位键控法(DPSK)调制过的信号的光学外差接收机。一个2×2的光纤耦合器的两个输入口分别接收线偏振光和圆偏振光,这个耦合器的其中一个输出口与偏振选择分束器相连,此分束器输送两束相位正交的光信号,该光信号经独立的光电转换和解调以后,相叠加形成一个有用的信号。为了改进这个接收机的灵敏度,如图1所示,采用一个独立于该接收机的自动偏振控制器。对于这个偏振控制,没有说明具体的实施例和方法。
因此,本发明的目的是详细说明怎样才能在一个光学外差接收机中采用简单的方式实现偏振控制。通过主权利要求中的装置达到这个目的。从属权利要求中包括了进一步的改进和不同的调制方法。
这种新型外差接收机的优点是适宜接收以很高的比特率调制的信号,因为它的中间频率,至少就振幅移位键控法、移相键控法和微分移相键控法调制过的信号来说,与信号带宽相比可以是非常低的。
现在参考附图说明本发明的实施例,其中
图1是用于振幅移位键控法调制过的信号的光学接收机;
图2是用于移相键控法调制过的信号的光学接收机;
图3是用于移频键控法调制过的信号的光学接收机。
如图1所示,这个光学外差接收机具有一个非偏振的、非双折射的耦合器K,K的一个输入口接收来自光发射器的光Es,这束光通过了放在耦合器K前面的两个连续的偏振控制元件PW、PE,K的另一个输入口接收来自本机振荡器LO的圆偏振光ELO。使
Es=|Es|exp(ivt)和ELO=|ELO|exp(iwt)。
根据所使用的调制方法,Es采用振幅调制(ASK)、频率调制(FSK)或相位调制(PSK、DPSK)。
耦合器K的一个输出口输出有用的光学信号Ek=|Ek|exp(ift),式中f=v-w,另一个输出口提供信号-Ek,这两个输出信号都具有叠加在其上的本机振荡器LO的散粒噪声作为同相分量。耦合器K的两个输出口与部件Q相连,Q分别提供两个输出信号Qx=|Q|sin ft和Qy=|Q|cos ft,这两个输出信号不再具有叠加在其上的LO散粒噪声了。信号Qx、Qy送入解调器D,D输出解调过的有用信号N,和通过控制器RW和偏振控制元件PW调节光Es的偏振角度的控制信号SW,以及通过控制器RE和偏振控制元件PE调节光Es的椭圆度的控制信号SE。
部件Q含有两个偏振选择分束器P1,P2,信号Ek和-Ek分别输入P1和P2,每个分束器后面都跟随着W1至W4中的两个光电转换器,每个光电转换器的输出都与前端放大器V1至V4中的一个相连。前端放大器V1的输出连接于放大器VX的正相输入,前端放大器V3的输出连接于VX的反相输入。前端放大器V2的输出连接于放大器VY的正相输入,前端放大器V4的输出连接于VY的反相输入。放大器VX输出信号Qx,而放大器VY输出信号Qy。
用于解调振幅移位键控法调制信号的解调器D含有混合器M,M使信号Qx、Qy相乘形成控制信号SE。D中还包括全波整流器G1和全波整流器G2,信号Qx和Qy分别输入到G1和G2中去。两个全波整流器的输出通过减法器
D彼此相减形成控制信号Sw,并通过加法器A彼此相加形成有用信号N。
在另一个实施例中,整流器G1、G2被乘法器所取代,使信号Qx、Qy自乘。
为了解调微分移相键控法调制的信号,信号Qx输入到一个乘法器,信号Qy输入到另一个乘法器,这两个未延迟的信号通过延迟元件产生一个等于一毕特时钟周期的延迟。
图2所示的光学外差接收机与图1的区别在于其部件Q′和解调器D′适用于移相键控法调制过的信号。
部件Q′象图1的部件Q一样,含有两个偏振选择分束器P1和P2,信号Ek和-Ek分别输入到P1和P2中,而且每个分束器都跟随着W1至W4中的两个光电转换器。转换器W1和W3是电学串联的,这个串联组与转换器W2和W4的串联组相并联。转换器W1和W3的连接点与转换器W2和W4的连接点分别与倒相放大器VX′和VY′相连,每个倒相放大器都具有反馈电阻R,VX′和VY′分别输出信号Qx和Qy。
在解调器D′中,控制信号SE、SW的产生方式与图1解调器D相同。混合器M的输出信号具有正比于sin2ft的波形。这个输出信号通过带通频谱滤波器F(F的频率调到2f),然后输入到两个分频器TX、TY,这两个分频器组成两个在不同的边缘触发和提供方波电压的触发器。每个触发器都跟随一个滤波器FX、FY,FX、FY仅仅使包含在各自方波电压内的基波通过。滤波器FX输出电压sin ft给混合器MX,信号Qx也输入到MX,滤波器FY输出电压cos ft给混合器MY,信号Qy也输入到MY。混合器MX、MY的输出信号输入到加法器A,A输出有用信号N。
图3所示的光学外差接收机与图1的区别在于其部件Q″和解调器D″适用于移频键控法调制过的信号。
部件Q″就是在图1中的部件Q中去掉第二偏振选择分束器P2、光电转换W3和W4、放大器V3、V4、VX、VY得到的。
解调器D″是在图1解调器D中的整流器G1、G2之前放入两个带通滤波器BX、BY得到的。这两个滤波器被调谐至使用频率,并使移频键控法调制过的信号变成振幅移位键控法调制过的信号。
图3未示出用于本机振荡器LO的自动频率控制,这个频率控制对于保证信号Qx、Qy的中心频率与带通滤波器BX、BY的中心频率相符合或许是必要的。
部件Q、Q′和Q″适用于任何一个实施例,因为它们与所使用的调制方法无关。在另一个实施例中,部件Q″的偏振选择分束器P1由两个偏振器取代,每个偏振器都与耦合器K的一个输出相连,而且两个偏振器的方位相差90°。这样的偏振器在光纤光学和集成光学技术中使用起来比偏振选择分束器更容易一些。
Claims (6)
1、一种光学外差接收机,其特征在于包括:
一个具有两个输入口和两个输出口的光耦合(K),这两个输入口分别接收线偏振光和圆偏振光,两种偏振光中的一束有用信号调制;
至少一个与耦合器(K)的其中一个输出口相连的偏振选择分束器,或者与耦合器(K)的两个输出口相连的偏振器;
至少两个用于所接收的偏振角相差90°的光束的光电转换器,这两个光电转换器的输出提供两个位相差90°的射频信号;
一个输出有用信号(N)的运算电路;
两个用于控制线偏振光的偏振角和椭圆度使光束保持45°或135°的不变偏振角的控制器(RW、RE),偏振角的控制通过由射频信号(Qx、Qy)之间的振幅差控制的第一个偏振控制元件(PW)实现,椭圆度的控制通过由射频信号(Qx、Qy)的位相角控制的第二个偏振控制元件(PE)实现。
2、权利要求1所要求的光学外差接收机,其特征是对于振幅移位键控法调制,通过全波整流和位相相差90°的两个射频信号(Qx,Qy)相加得到有用信号(N)。
3、权利要求1所要求的光学外差接收机,其特征是对于振幅移位键控法调制,通过使射频信号平方、相加得到有用信号(N),对于微分移相键控法调制,通过使每个射频信号(Qx,Qy)乘以经延迟的自身信号(Qx,Qy),然后让位相相差90°的两个合成射频信号相加得到有用信号(N)。
4、权利要求2或3所要求的光学外差接收机,其特征是对于移频键控法调制,射频信号(Qx、Qy)在经整流或相乘以前,通过带通滤波转换成振幅移位键控法调制的信号。
5、权利要求1所要求的光学外差接收机,其特征是对于移相键控法调制,射频信号(Qx、Qy)输入到三个混合器中,从第一个混合器(M)的输出信号得到sin ft和cos ft形式的信号(其中,f=中间频率),并把这两个信号输入到另外两个混合器中,使这两个混合器中输出的信号具有±sin2ft和±cos2ft的形式,并且使这两个信号相加得到有用信号(N)。
6、前述权利要求中的任何一个所要求的光学外差接收机,其特征是耦合器(K)的第二个输出口也与一个其后连接两个光电转换器的偏振选择分束器相连,并且四个光电转换器(W1、W2、W3、W4)的输出信号的电压或电流相减得到射频信号(Qx、Qy)。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DEP3621734,4 | 1986-06-28 | ||
DE19863621734 DE3621734A1 (de) | 1986-06-28 | 1986-06-28 | Optischer ueberlagerungsempfaenger |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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CN87104453A true CN87104453A (zh) | 1988-01-27 |
CN1005952B CN1005952B (zh) | 1989-11-29 |
Family
ID=6303934
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN87104453.6A Expired CN1005952B (zh) | 1986-06-28 | 1987-06-27 | 光学外差接收机 |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4856093A (zh) |
EP (1) | EP0250819B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP2718677B2 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1005952B (zh) |
AT (1) | ATE86053T1 (zh) |
DE (2) | DE3621734A1 (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2040219T3 (zh) |
GR (1) | GR3007355T3 (zh) |
YU (1) | YU117987A (zh) |
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CN100451667C (zh) * | 2007-04-06 | 2009-01-14 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | 光电外差探测电路 |
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1986
- 1986-06-28 DE DE19863621734 patent/DE3621734A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1987
- 1987-05-16 ES ES198787107102T patent/ES2040219T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-05-16 EP EP87107102A patent/EP0250819B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-05-16 AT AT87107102T patent/ATE86053T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1987-05-16 DE DE8787107102T patent/DE3784272D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1987-06-24 YU YU01179/87A patent/YU117987A/xx unknown
- 1987-06-26 JP JP62159524A patent/JP2718677B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-06-27 CN CN87104453.6A patent/CN1005952B/zh not_active Expired
- 1987-06-29 US US07/067,960 patent/US4856093A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1993
- 1993-03-16 GR GR930400554T patent/GR3007355T3/el unknown
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN100451667C (zh) * | 2007-04-06 | 2009-01-14 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | 光电外差探测电路 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0250819A2 (de) | 1988-01-07 |
JP2718677B2 (ja) | 1998-02-25 |
ATE86053T1 (de) | 1993-03-15 |
DE3784272D1 (de) | 1993-04-01 |
GR3007355T3 (zh) | 1993-07-30 |
YU117987A (en) | 1989-06-30 |
CN1005952B (zh) | 1989-11-29 |
US4856093A (en) | 1989-08-08 |
EP0250819B1 (de) | 1993-02-24 |
DE3621734A1 (de) | 1988-01-07 |
JPS6325632A (ja) | 1988-02-03 |
ES2040219T3 (es) | 1993-10-16 |
EP0250819A3 (en) | 1989-07-26 |
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