CN86108393A - 多孔膜的树脂组合物以及由它制成的膜 - Google Patents

多孔膜的树脂组合物以及由它制成的膜 Download PDF

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CN86108393A
CN86108393A CN86108393.8A CN86108393A CN86108393A CN 86108393 A CN86108393 A CN 86108393A CN 86108393 A CN86108393 A CN 86108393A CN 86108393 A CN86108393 A CN 86108393A
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film
barium sulfate
specific conductivity
resin combination
weight
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CN1005847B (zh
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松村秀司
伊藤道康
辻从一
铃木久利
伊藤省一
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Mitsui Toatsu Chemicals Inc
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    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L23/00Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L23/02Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
    • C08L23/04Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J5/00Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
    • C08J5/18Manufacture of films or sheets
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08KUse of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/30Sulfur-, selenium- or tellurium-containing compounds
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    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L23/00Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L23/02Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2323/00Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2323/02Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after treatment
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S264/00Plastic and nonmetallic article shaping or treating: processes
    • Y10S264/73Processes of stretching

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Abstract

用使一种树脂组合物熔融的方法,高产率制造透水蒸汽性良好的多孔膜。该树脂组合物含有100重量份数的聚烯烃树脂以及50至500重量份数的硫酸钡,后者的电导率等于或小于250μs/cm(以硫酸钡加入水中形成的上层清液的电导率来表示),颗粒尺寸为0.1-7微米。熔体制成膜后,至少在单轴方向拉伸到原来面积的2.5-14倍。

Description

本发明涉及一种能加工制成多孔膜的树脂组合物以及由它制成的一种多孔膜,这种膜有良好的透湿性和透气性,并具有优良的防水性。
至今,多孔膜是用各种非混溶性物质填充到聚烯烃树脂中,把所得的组合物加工成膜,并进行拉伸而成(见日本专利公告昭53-12542/1978,美国专利U.S.4,347,844,以及日本专利申请公开昭57-59727/1982)。
但是,按照这些方法制得的那种膜有这样一些缺点,机械强度差,形成的孔隙分布不均匀,而且太硬,结果形成的膜柔韧性差。例如在英国专利G.B.2,151,538中,提出了用硫酸钡作非混溶性物质,来改善上述的问题。不过,由于采用硫酸钡容易因其聚集造成挤出机的筛网堵塞,而缩短了筛网寿命,还会因其聚集引起拉伸断裂;因此,从稳定生产的角度来看,这种方法仍然是不能令人满意的。这里所说的筛网寿命将在实例中加以解释。
本发明的目的是提供一种树脂组合物,用它制造多孔膜时,可以使筛网寿命延长到长达200小时或更长些,而且不至于造成拉伸断裂,这样,可稳定的产生表面状态良好的多孔膜。
本发明的另一个目的是提供一种用上面的树脂组合物制成的多孔膜。
本发明的第一个方面在于一种树脂组合物,它含有100重量份数的聚烯烃树脂,及50-500重量份数的硫酸钡,后者的电导率等于或小于250(μs/cm)(以该硫酸钡加入水中形成的上层清液的电导率来表示),颗粒尺寸为0.1-7微米。
本发明的第二个方面在于将一种树脂组合物熔融后加工成膜,该树脂组合物含有100重量份数的聚烯烃树脂及50至500重量份数的硫酸钡,后者的电导率等于或小于250μs/cm(以该硫酸钡加入水中形成的上层清液的电导率来表示),颗粒尺寸为0.1至7微米。再将该膜至少单轴拉伸到原来面积的2.5-14倍,制成一种多孔膜。
本发明的聚烯烃树脂的例子有低密度聚乙烯,高密度聚乙烯,线性低密度聚乙烯,丙烯、丁烯等的均聚物,乙烯-丙烯共聚物,乙烯-丁烯共聚物,乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物或它们的共混物。
本发明的硫酸钡,其电导率等于或小于250(μs/cm),最好是等于或低于100(μs/cm),硫酸钡的电导率越小,它的效果越好。如果电导率高于250(μs/cm),由于硫酸钡发生聚集,使筛网寿命缩短,常常发生拉伸断裂,这使生产变得极不稳定。另外,硫酸钡的平均颗粒尺寸宜在0.1-7微米范围,最好是0.5-5.0微米。如果平均颗粒尺寸低于0.1微米,则不能得到满意的多孔性,而颗粒尺寸如果大于7.0微米,膜的拉伸性便会变得很差,这样,也难以得到满意的多孔性。此外,电导率过高的硫酸钡还可以用水洗涤,或用酸或碱进行部分中和然后水洗,从而将电导率降低到本发明所规定的数值,然后再拿来使用。
本发明的树脂组合物里,混入的硫酸钡,以100重量份数的聚烯烃树脂为基准,其用量范围为50-500重量份数,而以100至400重量份为更好。
如果硫酸钡用量少于50重量份数,则不能得到满意的多孔性,若硫酸钡用量高于500重量份数,则膜的硬度增加,这样,便不能将膜进行充分的拉伸,膜的孔隙度下降。
电导率指的是用下面方法测得的数值:将10克硫酸钡加到100毫升纯水里,然后在100℃加热10分钟,冷却后用电导仪测定所得到的上层清液。
这里述及的硫酸钡颗粒尺寸,是用供测定粉末表面积用的仪器(日本岛津制作所制造)测得。
此外,为了提高硫酸钡在树脂中的分散性,并提高膜的拉伸性,将硫酸钡用硅,硅烷,树脂酸等进行表面处理是有效的。
例如,本发明的多孔隙膜可以按如下方法制造出来:
采用Henschel混合机,高速搅拌机,或转鼓混合机,必要时把其它常用的添加剂混入上述聚烯烃树脂和硫酸钡中。混合料用单螺杆或双螺杆挤出机捏合,捏合好的物料经造粒,用充气模塑机或T形机头模塑机挤出成膜。上述捏合好的物料可以不经造粒用挤出机直接挤出成膜。
挤出的膜然后按常规方法至少单轴拉伸到原面积的2.5-14倍,而以3至10倍为较好。拉伸可以分阶段进行,或者可以在双轴方向或别的方向进行拉伸。此外,为了提高孔的形状稳定性,膜在拉伸后可进行热定型。
膜的孔隙度取决于所用的硫酸钡的用量、颗粒尺寸,膜的拉伸比等,如果拉伸比低于2.5倍,则不能达到足够的孔隙度,如果拉伸比超过14倍,就产生拉伸断裂,不能保证稳定生产。
本发明的多孔膜可用于各种实际用途。不过,由于孔隙度随实际用途可以有所改变,因此,最好适当选择拉伸比。
采用下面所述的透水蒸汽性来说明多孔膜的孔隙度。
本发明将用下面的实施例作更详细的说明
实施例1~13以及对比实施例1~6
采用Henschel混合机,将表1所示的各种树脂同硫酸钡按表1所示的比例配料混合,所用硫酸钡具有表1所示的不同电导率和平均颗粒尺寸。随后,用双螺杆捏和机使混合物均匀捏合,得到的物料经造粒,再用T形机头挤出机熔融粒料,加工制成膜,并按照辊压法,把膜拉伸到表1所示的拉伸倍数。得到具有表1所示物理性质的膜。
另外,按照下列的方法,对膜的物理性质进行评价:
(1)透水蒸汽性:ASTME96-66试验方法D。
(2)筛网寿命:用装有150目筛网的115毫米挤出机加工成膜时,树脂组合物的挤出量为200公斤/小时,直至树脂压力从230公斤/厘米2升高达300公斤/厘米2时所用的期限,在此称作筛网寿命。
(3)表面状态:根据目测而定。
(4)硫酸钡的电导率:
称10克硫酸钡样品,放在200毫升烧杯中,加入100毫升蒸馏水,记录液面位置,在电热器上将混合物加热至100℃,十分钟,同时进行搅拌,添加蒸馏水使液面达到原来位置,搅拌所得液体用观察玻璃盖住烧杯,让液体冷却,用滤纸将其过滤,滤液放入100毫升烧杯中,用CM-20E型电导仪(仪表商品名,由日本东亚电波公司制造),测定其电导率。
(5)硫酸钡的颗粒尺寸:
采用测定粉末表面积的仪器(日本岛津制作所制造)测定,也就是说,将3克样品装填入一只2厘米2×1厘米的样品筒中,并在50毫米水柱下,测定空气渗透(5毫升)的时间。
按照本发明,由于物料里几乎没有作为非混溶性物质的硫酸钡聚集体,筛网使用寿命长,操作性能显著地改善,挤出机的运转周期持续时间很长,膜的拉伸性优良,其结果是,能够实现多孔膜的稳定生产。
此外,可以得到表面状态十分优良,外观卓越的多孔膜。
而且,由于本发明可以使膜的拉伸高达10倍,这在以前是达不到的。如今,便可通过调节适合膜的最终用途的拉伸比,以适当改变膜的孔隙度,从而根据实际用途来选择最为合用的多孔膜。因此,本发明的这种树脂组合物及其制造方法在市场上极为有用。
Figure 86108393_IMG1

Claims (3)

1、一种树脂组合物,它含有100重量份数的聚烯烃树脂以及50至500重量份数的硫酸钡,该硫酸钡的电导率等于或小于250(μs/cm)(以硫酸钡加入水中形成的上层清液的电导率来表示),颗粒尺寸为0.1至7微米。
2、根据权利要求1的树脂组合物,其中所述该电导率等于或小于100(μs/cm)。
3、将一种含有100重量份数的聚烯烃树脂和50至500重量份数的、电导率为250μs/cm或更小(以硫酸钡加入水中形成的上层清液的电导率来表示)的硫酸钡,颗粒尺寸为0.1至7微米的树脂组合物熔融后,加工成膜,并至少在单轴方向上将膜拉伸至原来面积的2.5倍至14倍。
CN86108393.8A 1985-12-11 1986-12-10 多孔膜的树脂组合物以及由它制成的膜 Expired CN1005847B (zh)

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JP276692/85 1985-12-11
JP60276692A JPS62138541A (ja) 1985-12-11 1985-12-11 多孔性フイルム用樹脂組成物及びフイルム

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EP (1) EP0226179B1 (zh)
JP (1) JPS62138541A (zh)
KR (1) KR900001378B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN1005847B (zh)
CA (1) CA1275357C (zh)
DE (1) DE3678116D1 (zh)
NO (1) NO864914L (zh)
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EP0253667B1 (en) * 1986-07-16 1992-05-20 Sumitomo Chemical Company, Limited Breathable film and process for production of the same
JPS644338A (en) * 1987-06-26 1989-01-09 Tokuyama Soda Kk Manufacture of porous sheet
US4824718A (en) * 1987-12-04 1989-04-25 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Porous film
US4902553A (en) * 1987-12-04 1990-02-20 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Disposable products
US5340646A (en) * 1991-04-26 1994-08-23 Mitsui Toatsu Chemicals, Inc. Breathable, hydrolyzable porous film
US5558658A (en) * 1994-11-23 1996-09-24 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Disposable diaper having a humidity transfer area
US5964742A (en) * 1997-09-15 1999-10-12 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Nonwoven bonding patterns producing fabrics with improved strength and abrasion resistance
US6238767B1 (en) 1997-09-15 2001-05-29 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Laminate having improved barrier properties
US6506695B2 (en) 1998-04-21 2003-01-14 Rheinische Kunststoffewerke Gmbh Breathable composite and method therefor
GB2582144B (en) 2019-03-11 2021-03-10 Graphcore Ltd Execution Unit Comprising Processing Pipeline for Evaluating a Plurality of Types of Functions
GB2582146B (en) 2019-03-11 2021-08-18 Graphcore Ltd Execution Unit for Evaluating Functions Using Newton Raphson Iterations

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GB1044503A (en) * 1964-03-23 1966-10-05 Grace W R & Co Cold-worked polyolefin compositions
JPS5699242A (en) * 1980-01-10 1981-08-10 Kao Corp Porous sheet and production thereof
DE3277120D1 (en) * 1981-06-09 1987-10-08 Mitsubishi Chem Ind Process for producing porous film or sheet
AU551948B2 (en) * 1983-12-16 1986-05-15 Mitsui Toatsu Chemicals Inc. Producing porous film

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EP0226179A3 (en) 1988-06-15
EP0226179B1 (en) 1991-03-13
JPS62138541A (ja) 1987-06-22
KR900001378B1 (ko) 1990-03-09
CN1005847B (zh) 1989-11-22
KR870006128A (ko) 1987-07-09
NO864914D0 (no) 1986-12-08
US4699733A (en) 1987-10-13
NZ218504A (en) 1989-01-27
DE3678116D1 (de) 1991-04-18
NO864914L (no) 1987-06-12
CA1275357C (en) 1990-10-23
EP0226179A2 (en) 1987-06-24

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