CN86106734A - 芳香吡啶酮 - Google Patents

芳香吡啶酮 Download PDF

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CN86106734A
CN86106734A CN198686106734A CN86106734A CN86106734A CN 86106734 A CN86106734 A CN 86106734A CN 198686106734 A CN198686106734 A CN 198686106734A CN 86106734 A CN86106734 A CN 86106734A CN 86106734 A CN86106734 A CN 86106734A
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trifluoromethyl
pyridone
chloro
compound
fluoro
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特雷弗·罗伯特·佩里尔
迈克尔·德赖斯代尔·特恩布尔
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Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd
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Abstract

结构式(I)化合物:

Description

本发明涉及用作杀虫剂的新的芳香吡啶酮。
本发明提供了新的N-芳基吡啶酮,结构式为:
Figure 86106734_IMG8
其中X和Y各自分别代表卤素,n为1至4的整数,各Z分别选自卤素或三卤甲基,A为氧或硫。
卤素基团X和Y的实例包括:氟,氯,或溴。基团Z的实例有氯,溴,三氟甲基或氯代二氟甲基。
当n为1时,Z最好是三氟甲基;n大于1时,最好至少有一个Z为三氟甲基。
n最好为1或2。
A最好是氧。
结构式(Ⅰ)化合物的最好的一组为结构式(ⅠA)化合物:
Figure 86106734_IMG9
其中X和Y的定义同结构或(Ⅰ),R1为卤素,如:氯或溴,或为三氟甲基。
根据本发明,各具体的化合物列于表Ⅰ,每一化合物的X,Y和(Z)n所代表的基团也同时列入表中。
Figure 86106734_IMG10
Figure 86106734_IMG11
A为氧的结构式(Ⅰ)化合物可以由结构式Ⅱ化合物与结构式Ⅲ化合物反应制得。
Figure 86106734_IMG12
其中Hal为卤素,X和Y代表前述基团中的任何一个。
Figure 86106734_IMG13
其中n和Z为前述基团中的任何一个。此反应适于在一种溶剂和一种碱,以及根据卤素基团而定的催化量的冠醚或铜存在下进行。适宜的碱类的实例有:碱金属氢化物、碱金属烷氧化物、或碱金属碳酸盐。适宜的溶剂有:烷烃溶剂,如石油醚,醇或非质小极性溶剂如二甲基甲酰胺或二甲基乙酰胺。
Hal基团可以是:氟,氯,溴或碘。当卤素是碘时,最好是用铜催化剂来帮助反应进行。
n大于1的结构式(Ⅰ)化合物可以由n为1的化合物在惯例的条件下卤化而得。
在下文列出的实例中,可以进一步弄清有关这些化合物的制备方法的详细内容。
R为硫的结构式(Ⅰ)化合物可以由R为氧的结构式(Ⅰ)化合物与硫化剂,如五硫化二磷反应而得。此反应最好是在一有机溶剂,如吡啶,在从50至150℃升高的温度下进行。
某些结构式(Ⅲ)化合物是已知化合物。而有些则是未知的,这些也是本发明的一部分。
按照本发明还进一步提供了结构式(ⅢA)化合物,Z4和Z5不都是氢,各分别选自氢,卤素如氯或溴,或三氟甲基;
结构式(ⅢA)化合物的实例列于表Ⅱ
Figure 86106734_IMG15
由4-三氟甲基-2-吡啶酮和卤化剂(如:卤素,N-卤代琥珀酰亚胺)在惰性溶剂中(如:氯代烷烃如氯仿,乙腈,乙酸或硫酸)反应,可制得Z4和Z5各自为氢或卤素的结构式(ⅢA)化合物。该反应适宜在从-20至150℃温度范围进行,通过光照射,或加入游离基引发剂如偶氮异丁腈(AIBN)均可促进反应进行。
如果Z4和Z5不都是代表氢,Z4和Z5为三氟甲基或氢的结构式(ⅢA)化合物可以用碱如氢氧化钾,在溶剂如特丁醇或二甲亚砜溶剂中,在0°至150℃,水解结构式(Ⅳ)化合物来制得。结构式(Ⅳ)化合物为;
Figure 86106734_IMG16
其中;假定Z6和Z7不都是氢,Z6和Z7为三氟甲基或氢。
结构式(Ⅳ)化合物的特例为Z7是氢,Z6是三氟甲基的化合物(34号化合物)。
结构式(Ⅳ)化合物可由结构式(Ⅴ)化合物与氯和无水氟化氢,例如用EP-A-0042696所述条件进行反应制得。
Figure 86106734_IMG17
其中;Z8和Z9不都是氢,Z8和Z9为氢或甲基。
更新的结构式(Ⅲ)的化合物是结构式(ⅢB)化合物:
其中Z10为除三氟甲基之外的三卤甲基,这些也是本发明的一部分。
结构式(ⅢB)化合物可以用碱如氢氧化钾,在溶剂如特丁醇或二甲亚砜中,在0至150℃的温度范围内,水解结构式(Ⅵ)化合物而制得。结构式(Ⅵ)化合物为:
Figure 86106734_IMG19
其中Z10的定义同前。
结构式(Ⅵ)化合物可由4-甲基吡啶与氟化氢和氯,在EP-A-0042696所述条件下反应制得。
结构式(Ⅱ)化合物是已知化合物,也可以由已知化合物通过惯例方法制得。
新的结构式(Ⅱ)化合物及其新的前体化合物列于表Ⅲ。这些化合物也是本发明的一部分。
它们可按示意图A所示过程制备
示意图A
Figure 86106734_IMG22
其中Y1为氯或溴。反应条件为通常所用的条件,并在下文有关制备章节里详细介绍。
Y1为氯的结构式(Ⅰ)化合物可以通过溴化结构式
化合物来制得。
结构式Ⅰ化合物可以用来对抗和控制有害昆虫及其他无脊椎类害虫,如,螨虫的侵扰。可用本发明化合物攻击和控制的昆虫和螨虫包括那些与农业(包括食用农作物和纤维产物种植,及园艺和动物的饲养,林业,蔬菜种(如果实,谷物,原木)的存放有关的害虫,及其与传播人体和动物疾病有关的害虫。
为了将这些化合物施用于害虫的生息地,通常将它们组成配方。这些配方除了含有具有杀虫活性的组份或结构式Ⅰ组份外,还包括适宜的惰性稀释剂或载体材料,和/或表面活性剂。这些配方也包括另外的杀虫物质,如其他杀虫剂或杀螨剂,或杀真菌剂,或者还包括杀虫增效剂,如:十二烷基咪唑,Safroxan,或胡椒基丁醚。
配方可以是撒粉剂形式,其中活性组份与固体稀释剂或载体(如:高岭土,皂土,硅藻土或滑石粉)混合,或者配制成颗粒剂,其中将活性组份吸附在象浮石这样的多孔颗粒材料上。
另外还可以配制成液体制剂,以用于滴施或喷洒,这种制剂通常是活性组分与一个或多个已知湿润剂,分散剂或乳化剂(表面活性剂)制成的水性分散剂或乳剂。
湿润剂,分散剂和乳化剂可以是阳离子型,阴离子型或非离子型的。适宜的阳离子型试剂包括:如季铵盐化合物,象溴代十六烷基三甲铵。适宜的阴离子型试剂包括:如皂类,象磺酸的脂肪单酯盐,如月桂磺酸钠,如磺化芳香化合物的盐,象十二烷基苯磺酸钠,木素磺酸或丁基萘磺酸的钠盐,钙盐或铵盐,二异丙基和三异丙基萘磺酸钠盐的混合物。适宜的非离子型试剂包括:如环氧乙烷与脂肪醇(如油醇或十八醇),或与烷基酚(如辛基酚,王基酚和辛基甲酚)的缩合产物。其他非离子试剂有:由长链脂肪酸和己糖醇酐而得的偏酯,以及上述偏酯与环氧己烷的缩合产物和卵磷脂。
将活性组分溶于适宜的溶剂中例如;酮类溶剂(如双丙酮醇),或芳香溶剂(如三甲苯),再将此混合物加到含有一种或多种已知的湿润剂,分散剂或乳化剂的水中,由此制成配方。
其他适宜的有机溶剂有:二甲基甲酰胺,二氯乙烷,异丙醇,丙二醇,和其他二醇,双丙酮醇,甲苯,煤油,白油,甲基萘,二甲苯和三氯乙烷,N-甲基-2-吡啶酮,四氢糠醇(THFA)。
以水性分散液或乳化液使用的配方,通常是制成含量为高浓度的活性组分及其他组分的浓缩液,使用前将该浓缩液用水稀释。通常要求这些浓缩液能够经受长期保存,能用水稀释成水剂,这些水剂在足够的时间内保持均相,以便能通过常用的喷洒装置施用。这些浓缩液可含有重量占10-85%的活性组分或其他组分。当稀释成水剂后,这些水剂中的活性组分含量随不同的施用目的而异。对于农业或园艺目的,水剂中的活性组分的重量含量在0.0001%和0.1%(近似相当于5-2000克/公顷)之间是特别常用的。
这些配成的混合物可以施用于害虫,害虫的生息地或出没地,或施用于易遭害虫侵扰的生长中的植物,施用方法可以是任何已知的施用杀虫剂的方法,如撒粉施药或喷洒施药。
本发明的化合物既可以单独构成配方中的活性组分,也可以预先与一个或多个其他活性成分,如杀虫剂,杀虫增效剂,除草剂,杀真菌剂或植物生长调节剂混合。
适宜与本发明化合物预混合的活性组分应该是能够展宽本发明化合物的杀虫谱或能够延长这些化合物在害虫栖息地作用时间的那些化合物。它们应与本发明化合物有协同作用,或可以起到作用互补,如增加作用速度,改善击落作用或克服抵抗力。另外,这类多成分混合物可以有助于克服或防止对单一成分的抗药性。
包括在该混合物中的各特定的杀虫剂、除莠剂或杀真菌剂应根据该配方的用药目的和所要求互补作用的类型而决定。
适宜的杀虫剂的实例如下:
a)拟除虫菊酯类,如:Permethrin,esfenvalerate,deltamethrin,Cyhalothrin    in    Particular,Cyhalothrin,biphenthrin,fenpropathrin,Cyfluthrin,tefluthrin,鱼类安全的拟除虫菊酯,如:ethofenprox,naturalpyrethrin,tetramethrin,s-bioall-ethrin,fenfluthrin,prallethrin和5-苄基-3-呋喃甲基-(E)-(1R,3S)-2,2-二甲基-3-(2-氧硫烷-3-内鎓盐式甲基)环丙烷羧酸酯〔5-benzyl-3-fur-ylmethyl-(E)-(1R,3S)-2,2-dimethyl-3-(2-Oxoth-iolan-3-ylidenemethyl)Cyclopropane    carboxylate;有机磷酸酯类,如;Profenofos,sulprofos,methyl    parathion,azinphosmethyl,demeton-s-meth-yl,heptenophos,thiometon,fenamiphos,monocrotophos,profenophos,triazophos,methamidophos,dimethoate,phosphamidon,malathion,Chloropyrifos,phosalone,fensulfothion,fonofos,Phorate,phoxim,pyrimiphos-methyl,fenitrothion或diazionon;
C)氨甲酸酯类(包括芳香氨甲酸酯)如:pirimicarb,cloethocarb,carbofuran,ethiofencarb,aldicarb,thiofurox,carbosulfan,beniocarb,fenobucarb,propoxur或oxamyl;
d)苯甲酰脲类,如;triflumeron,或chlorofluazuron;
e)有机锡化合物,如:cyhexatin,fenbutatin    Oxide,azocyclotin;
f)大环内酯类,如:avermectins或milbemyins,例如:avamectin,avermectin,和milbemycin;
g)激素类如信息素;
h)有机氯化物,如;六六六,DDT,氯丹,或狄氏剂或;
i)脒类如:chlordimeform或amitraz
除了上述主要的化学类杀虫剂外,如果适于预期效用,还可以在混合物中使用其他具有特定目标的杀虫剂。例如,对某类庄稼的选择性杀虫剂,如使用对稻谷(如Cartap或buprofezin)有用的stemborer特效杀虫剂。另外在配方中还可以包括对常见昆虫种属/阶段有特效的杀虫剂,如杀幼卵剂(如:clofentezine,flubenzimine,hexythiazox和tetradifon),杀幼虫剂(motilicides)(如:dicofol或propargite)杀螨剂(如:溴代丙醇盐,氯代二苯乙醇酸盐),或生长调节剂(如:hydramethylon,cyromazin,methoprene,chlorofluazuron和diflubenzuron)。
适用于配方的杀虫增效剂有:胡椒基丁醚,sesamax和十二烷基咪唑。
应用于配方中适宜的除草剂,杀真菌剂和植物生长调节剂,具体取决于施用的对象和所需效果。
选择性稻谷除草剂的实例有“propanil”,用于棉花的植物生长调节剂的实例有“Pix”,用于稻谷的杀真菌剂包括杀稻瘟菌剂如杀稻瘟菌素-S。
在配方中本发明化合物与其他活性组分的比例取决于包括施药对象,该混合物所要求达到的效果等因素在内的许多因素。
但一般而言,配方中附加活性组分是以通常使用的此例施用,或如果有协同作用,其比例可以稍微降低一些。
本发明中的配方对许多昆虫及其他无脊椎害虫都是有毒性作用的,举例如下:
Myzus    persicae(蚜虫)
Aphis    fabae(蚜虫)
Megoura    viceae(蚜虫)
Aedes    aegypti(蚊虫)
Dysdercus    fasciatus(capsids)
Musca    domestica(家蝇)
Pieris    brassicae(白蝴蝶、幼虫)
Plutella    maculipennis(黑背蛾、幼虫)
Phaedon    cochleariae(芥子甲虫)
Tetranychus    cinnabarinus(洋红蜘蛛螨)
Tetranychus    urticae(红蜘蛛螨)
Aonidiella    spp.(介壳虫)
Trialeuroides    spp.(白蝇)
Blattella    germanica(蟑螂)
Spodoptera    littoralis(棉叶虫)
Heliothis    virescens(烟草蚜虫)
Chortiocetes    terminifera(蝗虫)
Diabrotica    spp.(rootworms)
Agrotis    spp.(夜盗蛾)
Chilo    partellus(玉米茎螟虫)
结构式Ⅰ化合物和含有这些化合物的配方在控制公害害虫如苍蝇和蟑螂中显示了它们是特别有用的。某些结构式(Ⅰ)化合物及其含有该化合物的配方可用来消灭稻谷作物中的害虫,如稻谷跳虫(ricehoppers)。它们也可用来杀灭那些对有机磷酸酯和拟除虫菊酯有抗药性的害虫,如家蝇(Musca    domestica)。因此,表Ⅰ中2至6,8,14,17,18,20,23,25号化合物的含量为500PPm的水溶液喷向成虫家蝇(Musca    domestica)时,杀灭率为100%。在March和kearns试验中,上述化合物作为击倒剂(Knock-down    agents),浓度为500PPm,施用于蚊虫(Aedes    aegyptii)也有效。另外,1,4,8,14,17,23,25号化合物可用来杀灭蟑螂若虫(Blattella    germanica),浓度为500PPm时,杀灭率为100%。它们也可以用来抗击侵扰家畜的昆虫和螨虫,如:Lucilia    Sericata和ixcdid扁虱如;Boophilus    spp.,Ixodes    spp.,Amblyommaspp.,Rhipicephalus    spp.,及Dermaceutor    spp.。对于这些害虫无论是敏感的或耐药的,无论是成虫,还是幼虫,或是在生长中期,这些化合物都是有效的,并且;对于受侵扰的家养动物局部施药,口服或非肠道给药均可。结构式(Ⅰ)化合物及其含有这些化合物的配方也有杀线虫作用。
下列制备和实例对本发明的各个方面作一说明。在制备和实例中,一般是用核磁共振图谱和红外光谱的方法鉴别和定性产物。在各例的特别命名的产物中,其光谱特征与所设计的结构相吻和。
制备1
按照EP-A-42696中公开的通用方法制备了2-氯-4,5-二(三氟甲基)吡啶(34号化合物)。
用三氟化铝(8-250)(用氟化氢气体,以每小时4摩尔的速率,在390℃预处理1小时,使之活化)添装铬镍铁合金(Inconel)制成的立式流床反应器。
该反应器加热至400℃,将3,4-二甲基吡啶,氮气、氯气和氟化氢气输入该反应器,二甲基吡啶的输入速度为每小时0.3摩尔,氮气,氯气,氟化氢气相对于二甲基吡啶的摩尔比为;6∶10∶13∶1,通气时间为12小时。用20%的氢氧化钾溶液中和从反应器中得到的液体缩合物,小心蒸馏,收集在46mmHg时,沸程为73-74°的馏份。在二氧化硅上层析纯化这一馏份,洗脱液为10%的乙醚和汽油(沸程30-40℃)的混合物。收集Rf=0.5的组份,常压蒸馏,得到所需产物;沸点148℃;δ(CDCl3)8.84(1H,S);7.73(1H,S)。
制备2
按照制备1的常规方法制得了2-氯-4-氯代二氟甲基吡啶(35号化合物),所不同的是;反应器在350℃加热,输入的是4-甲基吡啶,速率为每小时0.8摩尔,氮气,氯和氯化氢对4-甲基吡啶的摩尔比为;1∶3∶6∶1,反应时间是25小时。分馏经过中和的浓缩液,得到2-氯-4-三氟甲基吡啶(沸点,145-146℃),2,6-二氯-4-三氟甲基吡啶(沸点,168-170℃)和所期化合物(沸点,173℃)。
制备3
4-(氯代二氟甲基)-2-吡啶酮(35号化合物)的制备说明。
在室温下迅速混合2-氯-4-(氯代二氟甲基)吡啶(10克,51毫摩尔),细粉状氢氧化钾(5.7克,100毫摩尔)和特丁醇(100毫升)。将该混合物迴流6小时。
真空下蒸出特丁醇,用水(100毫升)处理剩余物,用乙酸乙酯(2×100毫升)抽提。合并有机提取液,水洗(3×100毫升),用硫酸镁干燥,真空蒸发,得到白色固体,用乙酸乙酯重结晶,得到所期化合物的纯净样品(5.5克,熔点=140.1-141.1℃);δ(d6-丙酮/DMSO)11(1H,brs);6.68(1H,m);6.64(1H,d);6.4(h,dd)。
制备4
5-氯-4-三氟甲基-2-吡啶酮(37号化合物表Ⅱ)的制备说明。
将4-三氟甲基-2-吡啶酮(10.2克,62.5毫摩尔),N-氯代琥珀酰亚胺(8.4克,62.9毫摩尔),和氯仿(45毫升)的混合物迴流加热2小时。将反应混合物过滤,真空下蒸发滤液,得到白色固体,用乙酸乙酯提取该固体,用水和盐水洗涤该乙酸乙酯溶液,用硫酸镁干燥,减压蒸馏,剩余物在丙酮和汽油的混合物中重结晶,得到所期产物(3.5克,熔点,173.5-174.5℃),δ(d6-DMSO)7.94(1H,S);6.95(1H,S)。
制备5
5-溴-4-三氟甲基-2-吡啶酮(38号化合物,表Ⅱ)的制备说明。
将溴(6.3毫升,0.122摩尔)加到4-三氟甲基-2-吡啶酮(10克,61毫摩尔)的乙酸(20毫升)溶液中。将该反应混合物加热迴流2小时,冷却,倒入硫代硫酸钠水溶液中,用乙酸乙酯提取该含水混合物,分别用盐水,饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液,再用盐水洗涤,用硫酸镁干燥,真空下蒸发,剩余物用乙酸乙酯和汽油的混合物重结晶,得到所期产物(6.3克);δ(CDCl3/d6-DMSO)7.72(1H,S);6.90(1H,S)。
制备6
3,5-二氯-4-三氟甲基-2-吡啶酮(39号化合物,表Ⅱ)的制备说明。
将4-三氟甲基-2-吡啶酮(10克,61毫摩尔)和N-氯代琥珀酰亚胺(NCS)(8.6克,64.4毫摩尔)的乙腈(45毫升)溶液加热迴流1小时,再补加NCS(8克,6毫摩尔),加热4小时后再次补加NCS(3.5克,2.6毫摩尔),最后加热反应1小时。减压蒸除乙腈,用水溶解残余物,用乙酸乙酯提取。先用水,然后用盐水洗涤有机层,用硫酸镁干燥,减压蒸发得到橙色胶状物,放量结晶,用汽油研磨,得到含杂质的黄色结晶(33),减压下蒸发研磨液,在二氧化硅上层析纯化残余胶状物,洗脱液为5%的甲醇-二氯甲烷,由此得到另一部分产物(33)。将两份产物合并,用丙酮/汽油混合物重结晶,得到所期化合物(3克,熔点,181.9-182.8℃);δ(d6-丙酮)7.9(1H,S)。
制备7
3,5-二溴-4-三氟甲基-2-吡啶酮(40号化合物表Ⅱ)的制备说明。
在氮气下将4-三氟甲基-2-吡啶酮(5克,31毫摩尔)和N-溴代琥珀酰亚胺(13.7克,77毫摩尔)在氯仿(50毫升)中的混合物加热迴流1小时。冷却后,将该反应混合物倒在水中,用氯仿提取,水洗有机层,用硫酸镁干燥,真空蒸发,得到粗产物,用乙酸乙酯和石油醚的混合物研磨该粗产物,使之纯化。层析(乙酸乙酯/二氧化硅)纯化研磨液,再研磨,得到另一部分产物。合并产物(4.31克);δ(d6-丙酮)8.0(S)。
制备8
4,5-二(三氟甲基)-2-吡啶酮(41号化合物,表Ⅱ)的制备说明。
使用制备3的一般方法,使2-氯-4,5-二(三氟甲基)-吡啶水解,所不同的是反应混合物在室温搅拌24小时,然后在80℃加热3小时。粗产物在二氧化硅上层析,用10%甲醇-二氯甲烷混合物洗脱,使之纯化,得到白色固体状所期化合物,(340毫克,熔点,173.7-175.0℃);δ(CDCl3/d6-DMSO)7.8(1H,S);6.95(1H,S)。
制备9
2-溴-6-氯-4-三氟甲基苯胺(42号化合物,表Ⅲ)的制备说明。
室温下混合2-氯-4-三氟甲基苯胺(5克,26毫摩尔)和冰醋酸(60毫升),然后冷却到15℃。将溴(4.1克,26毫摩尔)滴加到迅速搅拌着的该混合物中。将反应温热至室温,再搅拌1小时。有许多白色沉淀形成。
加入偏亚硫酸氢钠(2克),过滤,用饱和碳酸氢钠溶液(200毫升)处理白色固体,用乙醚(2×100毫升)提取。合并有机提取液,用饱和碳酸氢钠溶液(50毫升)和水(2×50毫升)洗涤,用硫酸镁干燥,减压蒸发,得到无色油(3.5克);δ(CDCl3)7.54(2H,dm);4.83(2H,brs)。
制备10
3-溴-5-氯-4-氟三氟甲苯(43号化合物,表Ⅲ)的制备说明。
在-5至-0℃,将2-溴-6-氯-4-三氟甲基苯胺(19.7克,72毫摩尔)加到迅速搅拌着的40%氟硼酸溶液(40毫升)中。将溶解在水(8毫升)中的亚硝酸钠(4.95克,72毫摩尔)滴加到该混合物中,维持温度在0℃以下,该反应在0℃搅拌4小时。
抽滤该反应液,用冷甲醇(2×20毫升)和冷乙醚(2×20毫升)洗涤黄色固体。白色固体减压下用P2O5干燥过夜,得到纯的2-溴-6-氯-4-三氟甲基重氮苯。四氟硼酸盐(20克),ν最大(液体石腊)2300Cm-1
用微型燃烧器将2-溴-6-氯-4-三氟甲基重氮苯·四氟硼酸盐(20克,59毫摩尔)分两次(2×10克)热解。
用水(20毫升)和饱和碳酸氢钠溶液(20毫升)处理由热解而得的产物,用乙醚(2×50毫升)提取,合并有机提取液,用饱和碳酸氢钠溶液(25毫升)和水(2×25毫升)洗涤,用硫酸镁干燥,急骤蒸馏除去乙醚。
用Kugelrohr装置蒸馏,得到所期产物的纯净样品(3.7克,沸点,130-140℃),δ(CDCl3);7.76(1H,dd);7.66(1H,dd)。
制备11
此例说明从2,6-二溴-4-三氟甲基苯胺制备3,5-二溴-4-氟三氟甲苯(44号化合物,表Ⅲ)。使用制备10的方法,不同的是:2,6-二溴-4-三氟甲基重氮苯·四氟硼酸盐是在1∶1的40%氟硼酸和水的混合物中制得的。所期化合物具有:δ(CDCl3);7.8(2H,dq)。
实例1
1-(2,6-二氟-4-三氟甲基苯基)-4-三氟甲基-2-吡啶酮(20号化合物,表Ⅰ)的制备说明。
在100℃和氮气下,将4-三氟甲基-2-吡啶酮(1.5克,9.2毫摩尔),3,4,5-三氟代三氟甲苯(9.2克,46毫摩尔),碳酸钾(6.3克,46毫摩尔)在二甲基甲酰胺(40毫升)中的混合物充分搅拌5小时。将反应混合物倒入水(100毫升)中,用稀盐酸酸化,用氯仿(2×75毫升)提取。合并有机层,用水(3×100毫升)洗涤,用硫酸镁干燥,真空蒸发。所得到的油在二氧化硅上作柱层析使之纯化,用2∶1汽油/乙醚洗脱,随后在汽油/乙醚混合物中结晶,得到白色固体的所期化合物(680毫克,熔点,136-137℃);δ(d6-丙酮);8.10(1H,m);7.9(2H,d);7.1(1H,m);6.76(1H,dd)。
实例2
由适宜的结构式Ⅱ化合物(Hal代表氟)和结构式Ⅲ化合物,用实例1的方法,制备了下列化合物:
(ⅰ)1-(2-氯-6-氟-4-三氟甲基苯基)-3-氯-5-三氟甲基-2-吡啶酮(1号化合物,表Ⅰ),所不同的是反应在80℃加热6小时。化合物具有:熔点,117-117.5℃;δ(d6-丙酮);8.42(1H,m);8.21(1H,d);8.05(1H,S);8.0(1H,d)。
(ⅱ)1-(2-氯-6-氟-4-三氟甲基苯基)-3,5-二溴-2-吡啶酮(6号化合物,表Ⅰ),所不同的是反应在110℃加热4小时,该化合物具有:熔点,148.8-149.2℃;δ(d6-丙酮);8.12(1H,d);8.05(1H,d);8.0(1H,S);7.9(1H,d)。
(ⅲ)1-(2,6-二氟-4-三氟甲基苯基)-3-氯-5-三氟甲基-2-吡啶酮(14号化合物,表Ⅰ),所不同的是该反应在140℃加热6小时。该化合物具有;熔点,104-105℃;δ(d6-丙酮);8.4(1H,m);8.1(1H,d);7.75(2H,d)。
(ⅳ)1-(2,6-二氟-4-三氟甲基苯基)-5-氯-2-吡啶酮(16号化合物,表Ⅰ),所不同的是该反应在100℃加热2小时,该化合物具有;熔点,152-153℃;δ(CDCl3)7.40(2H,d);7.40(1H,dd);7.22(1H,dd);7.63(1H,dd)。
(ⅴ)1-(2,6-二氟-4-三氟甲基苯基)-3,5-二(三氟甲基)-2-吡啶酮(19号化合物,表Ⅰ),所不同的是:该反应在80℃加热16小时,然后再在100℃加热24小时,该化合物具有;δ(CDCl3);8.00(1H,S);7.80(1H,S);7.44(2H,d)。
(ⅵ)1-(2,6-二氟-4-三氟甲基苯基)-5-氯-4-三氟甲基-2-吡啶酮(21号化合物,表Ⅰ),所不同的是;该反应在80℃加热12小时,该化合物具有:熔点,134.9-136℃,δ(d6-丙酮)8.20(1H,S);7.80(2H,d);7.12(1H,S)。
(ⅶ)1-(2,6-二氟-4-三氟甲基苯基)-5-溴-4-三氟甲基-2-吡啶酮(22号化合物,表Ⅰ),所不同的是;该反应在80℃加热6小时,然后在100℃加热10小时,该化合物具有;δ(CDCl3),7.47(2H,d);7.40(1H,S);7.1(1H,S)。
实例3
1-(2-氯-6-氟-4-三氟甲基苯基)-4-三氟甲基-2-吡啶酮(8号化合物,表Ⅰ)的制备说明。
在一用氮气冲过的干燥烧瓶中,用轻汽油(2×5毫升)洗涤氢化钠(0.33克50%分散于矿物油中,6.7毫摩尔)。加入二甲基甲酰胺(20毫升),室温下缓慢搅拌该混合物,同时慢慢地分次加入4-三氟甲基-2-吡啶酮(1克,6.1毫摩尔),在室温下再反应1小时后,加入3-氯-4,5-二氟代三氟甲苯(4.3克,20毫摩尔),将该混合物温热至50℃3小时。小心地用水(100毫升)稀释该反应混合物,用稀盐酸酸化,用氯仿(2×75毫升)提取,合并有机提取液,用水(3×100毫升)洗涤,硫酸镁干燥,减压蒸发,得到白色油状固体。在二氧化硅上层析,用4∶1汽油/乙醚洗脱,随后在环己烷中重结晶,得到所期化合物的纯净样品(200毫克,熔点,145.5-146.5℃);δ(d6-丙酮)7.92(1H,brS);7.78(1H,d);7.63(1H,d);7.00(1H,m);6.62(1H,dd)。
实例4
使用与实例3中所述相似的程序,由适宜的结构式Ⅱ(Hal为氟)和结构式Ⅳ化合物,制得了下列化合物;
(ⅰ)1-(2-氯-6-氟-4-三氟甲基苯基)-5-三氟甲基-2-吡啶酮(2号化合物,表Ⅰ),所不同的是该反应在50℃加热3小时,然后在80℃加热5小时,该化合物具有;熔点,132.6-133℃,δ(d6-丙酮);8.32(1H,brs);7.95(2H,brs);7.9(1H,dd);6.8(1H,d)。
(ⅱ)1-(2-氯-6-氟-4-三氟甲基苯基)-5-氯-2-吡啶酮(3号化合物,表Ⅰ),所不同的是;该反应在50℃加热5小时,然后在90℃加热16小时。该化合物具有:熔点,143-143.9℃,δ(CDCl3)7.65(1H,m);7.45(1H,m);7.42(1H,dd);7.18(1H,d);6.62(1H,d)。
(ⅲ)1-(2-氯-6-氟-4-三氟甲基苯基)-3-溴-5-三氟甲基-2-吡啶酮(4号化合物,表Ⅰ),所不同的是:该反应在80℃加热8小时,然后在100℃加热16小时,该化合物具有:熔点,99.9-100.3℃,δ(d6-丙酮);8.5(1H,m);8.45(1H,m);8.1(1H,m)。
(ⅳ)1-(2-氯-6-氟-4-三氟甲基苯基)-3,5-二氯-2-吡啶酮(5号化合物,表Ⅰ),所不同的是:该反应在110℃加热6小时。该化合物具有:熔点,143.2-144.1℃,δ(CDCl3)7.68(1H,S);7.62(1H,d);7.5(1H,dd);7.15(1H,d)。
(ⅴ)1-(2-氯-6-氟-4-三氟甲基苯基)-3,5-二(三氟甲基)-2-吡啶酮(7号化合物,表Ⅰ),所不同的是:该反应在80℃加热16小时,该化合物具有:熔点,114.0-114.8℃,δ(d6-丙酮)8.72(1H,S);8.40(1H,S);8.04(1H,S);7.96(1H,d)。
(ⅵ)1-(2-氯-6-氟-4-三氟甲基苯基)-5-溴-4-三氟甲基-2-吡啶酮(10号化合物,表Ⅰ),所不同的是:该反应在100℃,加热16小时,该化合物具有:熔点,119-120℃;δ(CDCl3)7.7(1H,S);7.5(1H,d);7.45(1H,S);7.1(1H,S)。
(ⅶ)1-(2-氯-6-氟-4-三氟甲基苯基)-4,5-二(三氟甲基)-2-吡啶酮(11号化合物,表Ⅰ),所不同的是:该反应在90℃加热24小时,该化合物具有:δ(d6-丙酮);8.6(1H,S);8.0(1H,m);7.9(1H,m);7.25(1H,S)。
(ⅷ)1-(2-氯-6-氟-4-三氟甲基苯基)-3,5-二氯-4-三氟甲基-2-吡啶酮(12号化合物,表Ⅰ),所不同的是:该反应在90℃加热48小时,该化合物具有:熔点,179.7-180.9℃,δ(d6-丙酮/CDCl3);8.0(1H,S);7.85(1H,m);7.8(1H,dd)。
(ⅸ)1-(2-氯-6-氟-4-三氟甲基苯基)-3,5-二溴-4-三氟甲基-2-吡啶酮(13号化合物,表Ⅰ),所不同的是:该反应在80℃加热16小时。该化合物具有:熔点,176.3-176.8℃,δ(d6-丙酮);8.44(1H,S);8.40(1H,d);8.12(1H,S)。
(ⅹ)1-(2,6-二氯-4-三氟甲基苯基)-3-氯-5-三氟甲基-2-吡啶酮(19号化合物,表Ⅰ),所不同的是;该反应在100℃加热12小时。该化合物具有:熔点,134.2-134.8℃;δ(d6-丙酮)8.50(1H,m);8.30(1H,d);8.22(2H,S)。
(ⅹⅰ)1-(2,6-二氯-4-三氟甲基苯基)-3,5-二(三氟甲基)-2-吡啶酮(24号化合物,表Ⅰ),所不同的是:该反应在95℃加热16小时。该化合物具有:熔点,146.2-147.0℃,δ(d6-丙酮)8.50(1H,m);8.42(1H,m);8.16(2H,S)。
(ⅹⅱ)1-(2,6-二氯-4-三氟甲基苯基)-4-三氟甲基-2-吡啶酮(25号化合物),所不同的是:该反应在20℃搅拌2小时,然后在80℃加热3小时。该化合物具有:熔点,143.6-144.1℃;δ(d6-丙酮)8.1(2H,brs);7.92(1H,d);7.1(1H,m);6.8(1H,dd)。
(ⅹⅲ)1-(2,6-二氯-4-三氟甲基苯基)-4-氯代二氟甲基-2-吡啶酮(27号化合物,表Ⅰ),所不同的是:该反应在80℃加热20小时,该化合物具有:熔点,146.7-147.2℃,δ(d6-丙酮)8.10(2H,S);7.8(1H,m);6.92(1H,m);6.64(1H,dd)。
(ⅹⅳ)1-(2,6-二氯-4-三氟甲基苯基)-5-氯-4-三氟甲基-2-吡啶酮(28号化合物,表Ⅰ),所不同的是:该反应在90℃加热21小时。该化合物具有:熔点,149-151℃;δ(CDCl3)8.12(3H,S);7.18(1H,S)。
(ⅹⅴ)1-(2,6-二氯-4-三氟甲基苯基)-5-溴-4-三氟甲基-2-吡啶酮(29号化合物,表Ⅰ),所不同的是:该反应在90℃加热21小时,该化合物具有:熔点,147-149℃;δ(d6-丙酮)8.21(1H,S);8.12(2H,S);7.18(1H,S)。
(ⅹⅵ)1-(2.6-二氯-4-三氟甲基苯基)-4,5-二(三氟甲基)-2-吡啶酮(30号化合物,表Ⅰ),所不同的是:该反应在90℃,加热16小时。该化合物具有:熔点,129.2-131.3℃。δ(d6-丙酮);8.6(1H,S);8.1(2H,S);7.25(1H,S)。
(ⅹⅶ)1-(2,6-二氯-4-三氟甲基苯基)-3,5-二氯-4-三氟甲基-2-吡啶酮(31号化合物,表Ⅰ),所不同的是:该反应在90℃,加热48小时。该化合物具有:熔点,202.1-203.2℃,δ(d6-丙酮)8.15(1H,S);8.10(2H,S)。
(ⅹⅷ)1-(2-溴-6-氯-4-三氟甲基苯基)-4-三氟甲基-2-吡啶酮(32号化合物,表Ⅰ),所不同的是:该反应在90℃加热16小时,该化合物具有:熔点,151.2-151.8℃,δ(d6-丙酮)8.32(1H,S);8.04(1H,S);7.92(1H,dm);7.12(1H,m);6.8(1H,dd)。
(ⅹⅸ)1-(2,6-二溴-4-三氟甲基苯基)-4-三氟甲基-2-吡啶酮(33号化合物,表Ⅰ),所不同的是:该反应在80℃加热21小时,该化合物具有:熔点,155.8-156.5℃,δ(d6-丙酮)8.24(2H,S);7.80(1H,dm);6.98(1H,m);6.7(1H,dd)。
实例5
此例说明用与实例1所述方法不同的程序制备20号(表Ⅰ)化合物。
将4-三氟甲基-2-吡啶酮(1克,6.1毫摩尔)分次加到金属钠(40毫克,6.1毫摩尔)的乙醇(10毫升)溶液中。室温下搅拌1小时后,减压蒸除乙醇,残余物溶解在干燥的二甲基乙酰胺(10毫升)中。加入3,4,5-三氟代三氟甲苯(2.4克,12毫摩尔),该溶液在110℃加热4小时,减压下蒸除二甲基乙酰胺,用水(20毫升)和氯仿(50毫升)处理残余物,用水(3×30毫升)洗涤氯仿层,干燥,蒸发,在二氧化硅上层析分离残余物,用4∶1的汽油/乙醚洗脱,然后用汽油-乙醚重结晶,得到所期化合物(220毫克)。
实例6
用与实例5所示相似的程序,从适宜的结构式Ⅱ(Hal为氟)和结构式Ⅲ化合物制得了下列化合物:
(ⅰ)1-(2,6-二氟-4-三氟甲基苯基)-5-三氟甲基-2-吡啶酮(15号化合物,表Ⅰ),所不同的是:该反应在130℃加热3小时,该化合物具有:熔点,118.6-119.2℃;δ(d6-丙酮)8.5(1H,m);7.9(1H,dd);7.85(2H,d);6.9(1H,d)。
(ⅱ)1-(2,6-二氟-4-三氟甲基苯基)-3,5-二氯-2-吡啶酮(18号化合物,表Ⅰ),所不同的是:该反应在110℃加热10小时,该化合物具有:熔点,132.8-134.2℃,δ(CDCl3);7.7(1H,d);7.44(2H,d);7.2(1H,brd)。
实例7
1-(2,6-二氟-4-三氟甲基苯基)-3-溴-5-三氟甲基-2-吡啶酮(17号化合物,表Ⅰ)的制备说明。
将溴(800毫克,5毫摩尔)加到1-(2,6-二氟-4-三氟甲基苯基)-5-三氟甲基-2-吡啶酮(1.7克,5毫摩尔)的无水二甲基甲酰胺(20毫升)的溶液中。将该反应混合物在120℃加热3小时,冷却,减压蒸除溶剂,得到残留油,用氯仿(30毫升)抽提之,水(30毫升)洗,干燥有机层,蒸发,残余物用汽油结晶,得到所期化合物(260毫克,熔点,87.5-88℃)。
实例8
1-(2-氯-6-氟-4-三氟甲基苯基)-5-氯-4-三氟甲基-2-吡啶酮(9号化合物,表Ⅰ)的制备说明。
在用氮气冲过的干燥烧瓶中,用乙醚洗涤氢化钠(0.54克50%分散于矿物油中,11毫摩尔)。加入二甲基甲酰胺(5毫升),室温下缓慢地搅拌该混合物,同时滴加5-氯-4-三氟甲基-2-吡啶酮(2克,10毫摩尔)的二甲基甲酰胺(15毫升)溶液。加入1,4,7,10,13-五氧环十五烷(0.4毫升,2毫摩尔),随后加入3-氯-4,5-二氟代三氟甲苯(4.4克,20毫摩尔),该混合物在85℃加热24小时。将该反应混合物小心地倒入水中,用乙酸乙酯提取,用盐水洗涤有机提取液,硫酸镁干燥,减压蒸发,得到油状残余物,用汽油研磨之。用乙酸乙酯-汽油重结晶得到的固体纯化之,得到所期产物(960毫克),该化合物具有:熔点,128.5-129.7℃,δ(CDCl3)7.7(1H,S);7.5(1H,dd);7.3(1H,d);7.1(1H,S)。
实例9
1-(2,6-二氯-4-三氟甲基苯基)-4-三氟甲基-2-硫吡啶酮(26号化合物,表Ⅰ)的制备说明。
将1-(2,6-二氯-4-三氟甲基苯基)-4-三氟甲基-2-吡啶酮(25号化合物,表Ⅰ)(0.3克,0.8毫摩尔)溶解在吡啶(1.2毫升)中。将氮气泡通入该溶液至完全清洁。加入五硫化二磷(0.25克,1.13毫摩尔),将该溶液迴流加热24小时,使该反应混合物冷却,加入水,该反应温和地温热几分钟。用乙酸乙酯提取,然后用硫酸镁干燥有机层,减压蒸发,得到粗残余物,在硅胶上层析使之完全纯化。用5%的乙醚-汽油洗脱,随后用汽油研磨,得到所期化合物(6毫克),δ(d6-丙酮);8.0(1H,d);7.95(2H,S);7.7(1H,d);7.05(1H,dd)。
生物资料
结构式(Ⅰ)化合物的杀虫活性列于下表Ⅳ中,其作用按A,B,或C分级,A即;观察到的杀灭率为80-100%,B即:观察到的杀灭率为50-79%,C即:观察到的杀灭率为0-49%。试验方法为,将受试化合物溶液喷在放有害虫的适宜支撑介质上(如:适宜的食用植物的叶子或滤纸)。喷药后72小时,估算杀灭率。试验中,化合物的使用方法是将其制成水性配方,即:将化合物溶解在由1份(体积)丙酮和1份(体积)乙醇组成的混合溶剂中,再用含有0.1%(体积)的湿润剂(注册商标为“Synperonic”NX-“Synperonic”)的水稀释之。
Figure 86106734_IMG24
Figure 86106734_IMG25
Figure 86106734_IMG26
CPH/jc
PP    33628
86.8.15
Figure 86106734_IMG27

Claims (12)

1、结构式化合物:
Figure 86106734_IMG2
其中X和Y各自分别代表卤素,n为从1至4的整数,每个Z分别选自卤素和三卤甲基,A为氧或硫。
2、按照权利要求1的化合物,其中n为1或2。
3、按照权利要求1的化合物,其中每个X和Y分别代表氯或氟。
4、按照权利要求2的化合物,其中n为1,Z代表三氟甲基,或者n为2,至少有一个Z是三氟甲基。
5、按照任何一个前述权利要求的化合物,其中A是氧。
6、从下列化合物中选出的化合物:
1-(2,6-二氟-4-三氟甲基苯基)-4-三氟甲基-2-吡啶酮;
1-(2-氯-6-氟-4-三氟甲基苯基)-3-氯-5-三氟甲基-2-吡啶酮;
1-(2-氯-6-氟-4-三氟甲基苯基)-3,5-二溴-2-吡啶酮;
1-(2,6-二氟-4-三氟甲基苯基)-3-氯-5-三氟甲基-2-吡啶酮;
1-(2,6-二氟-4-三氟甲基苯基)-5-氯-2-吡啶酮;
1-(2,6-二氟-4-三氟甲基苯基)-3,5-二(三氟甲基)-2-吡啶酮;
1-(2,6-二氟-4-三氟甲基苯基)-5-氯-4-三氟甲基-2-吡啶酮;
1-(2,6-二氟-4-三氟甲基苯基)-5-溴-4-三氟甲基-2-吡啶酮;
1-(2-氯-6-氟-4-三氟甲基苯基)-4-三氟甲基-2-吡啶酮;
1-(2-氯-6-氟-4-三氟甲基苯基)-5-三氟甲基-2-吡啶酮;
1-(2-氯-6-氟-4-三氟甲基苯基)-5-氯-2-吡啶酮;
1-(2-氯-6-氟-4-三氟甲基苯基)-3-溴-5-三氟甲基-2-吡啶酮;
1-(2-氯-6-氟-4-三氟甲基苯基)-3,5-二氯-2-吡啶酮;
1-(2-氯-6-氟-4-三氟甲基苯基)-3,5-二(三氟甲基)-2-吡啶酮;
1-(2-氯-6-氟-4-三氟甲基苯基)-5-溴-4-三氟甲基-2-吡啶酮;
1-(2-氯-6-氟-4-三氟甲基苯基)-4,5-二(三氟甲基)-2-吡啶酮;
1-(2-氯-6-氟-4-三氟甲基苯基)-3,5-二氯-4-三氟甲基-2-吡啶酮;
1-(2-氯-6-氟-4-三氟甲基苯基)-3,5-二溴-4-三氟甲基-2-吡啶酮;
1-(2,6-二氯-4-三氟甲基苯基)-3-氯-5-三氟甲基-2-吡啶酮;
1-(2,6-二氯-4-三氟甲基苯基)-3,5-二(三氟甲基)-2-吡啶酮;
1-(2,6-二氯-4-三氟甲基苯基)-4-三氟甲基-2-吡啶酮;
1-(2,6-二氯-4-三氟甲基苯基)-4-氯代二氟甲基-2-吡啶酮;
1-(2,6-二氯-4-三氟甲基苯基)-5-氯-4-三氟甲基-2-吡啶酮;
1-(2,6-二氯-4-三氟甲基苯基)-5-溴-4-三氟甲基-2-吡啶酮;
1-(2,6-二氯-4-三氟甲基苯基)-4,5-二(三氟甲基)-2-吡啶酮;
1-(2,6-二氯-4-三氟甲基苯基)-3,5-二氯-4-三氟甲基-2-吡啶酮;
1-(2-溴-6-氯-4-三氟甲基苯基)-4-三氟甲基-2-吡啶酮;
1-(2,6-二溴-4-三氟甲基苯基)-4-三氟甲基-2-吡啶酮;
1-(2,6-二氟-4-三氟甲基苯基)-5-三氟甲基-2-吡啶酮;
1-(2,6-二氟-4-三氟甲基苯基)-3,5-二氯-2-吡啶酮;
1-(2,6-二氟-4-三氟甲基苯基)-3-溴-5-三氟甲基-2-吡啶酮;
1-(2-氯-6-氟-4-三氟甲基苯基)-5-氯-4-三氟甲基-2-吡啶酮;
1-(2,6-二氯-4-三氟甲基苯基)-4-三氟甲基-2-吡啶酮。
7、如权利要求1中所要求的制备结构式(Ⅰ)化合物的方法,该程序包括结构式Ⅱ化合物与结构式Ⅲ的化合物的反应
其中Hal为卤素,X和y的定义同权利要求1
Figure 86106734_IMG4
其中Z和n的定义同权利要求1
另外,如果需要,可进行一步或多步的下列步骤:
ⅰ)卤化结构式(Ⅱ)化合物,得到n大于1的结构式(Ⅰ)化合物;和
ⅱ)A为氧的结构式(Ⅰ)化合物与硫化剂反应,得到A为硫的结构式(Ⅰ)化合物。
8、结构式(ⅢA)或(ⅢB)化合物:
Figure 86106734_IMG5
其中,如果Z4和Z5不都是氢的话,Z4和Z5分别选自氢,卤素或三氟甲基;Z10为除三氟甲基之外的三卤甲基。
9、结构式化合物:
10、结构式化合物:
Figure 86106734_IMG7
其中W为氨基,X为溴,Y为氯,或者W为氟,X为溴,Y为氯或溴。
11、含有杀虫有效量的权利要求1化合物作为活性组份的杀虫剂配方。
12、包括向害虫或害虫栖息地施用杀虫有效量的权利要求11的配方的一个攻击害虫的方法。
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CN102388058B (zh) * 2009-02-11 2014-10-01 陶氏益农公司 杀虫组合物
CN102149683A (zh) * 2009-05-25 2011-08-10 中南大学 1-(取代苄基)-5-三氟甲基-2-(1h)吡啶酮化合物及其盐,其制备方法及其用途

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