CN86105795A

CN86105795A - Artistic glazed brick

Info

Publication number: CN86105795A
Application number: CN 86105795
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘宏宇
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1986-08-02
Filing date: 1986-08-02
Publication date: 1988-02-10

Abstract

Artistic glazed brick relates to material of construction---and brick also relates to glaze.Artistic glazed brick is the brick that one or two face is covered with brick glaze.The composition of brick glaze is: quartz 23.4～23.8%, feldspar 14.5～14.8%, Suzhou soil 2.2～2.4%, yellow lead powder 59.4～60%.The glaze of band look adds 1～3% metal oxide and makes in glaze; Colored mat glaze adds 1～3% calcium phosphate again and makes in glaze.According to being stained with glaze, putting glaze, getting rid of glazing skill and technique such as glaze,, promptly can be made into the brick of artistic effects such as different color, figure, striped, glaze thing, stable chemical performance in conjunction with carving firing process such as base technology and oxydizing flame.

Description

The present invention relates to the manufacturing of brick, also relate to the preparation of glaze.

In the past, as the brick of material of construction, two kinds of blue bricks and common bricks were arranged.These two kinds of brick dull colorings, lack artistic feeling, and the buildings that constitutes with this brick, owing to being exposed to the sun and rain and trembling with fear administration's alternation, the surface can be damaged because of weathering, destroys its outward appearance U.S., also influences the life-span of buildings to a certain extent, especially in the manufacturing district or saline and alkaline district, these defect are more outstanding.

For outward appearance U.S. that improves buildings and the life-span that prolongs buildings, in recent decades, extensively adopt facing technology.Promptly at building surface, paste surface decoration materials such as marble, artificial marble, granitic plaster, ceramic tile, terrazzo, mosaic, aluminium alloy, this veneer has improved the outward appearance and the artistic effect of buildings really, has also prolonged its life-span.But above-mentioned surface lining is all comparatively expensive, is difficult to use comprehensively; In addition, surfacing process is more loaded down with trivial details, the technical requirements height, and the also very easy quality that influences veneer of the slight carelessness in the work, veneer was common occurrence with regard to the thing that plays drum and come off in 3 or five years, and its repairing also is quite to bother.Certainly, also there is the shortcoming of not sun-resistant, yielding or variable color in some above-mentioned surface lining.

In recent years, the exterior coating development was very fast, and it has low price, easy construction, advantage bright in colour.But also there is the shortcoming of weathering resistance difference in it, the color and luster in the time of can not keeping it new for a long time, certainly let alone the effect that prolongs the buildings life-span has been arranged.

The present invention's purpose is to make a kind of artistic glazed brick, this brick scribbles on one or two faces that chemical property is stable, color and decorative pattern is various, bonding force is strong artistic glaze, make the buildings of building with this brick not only have abundant colors and intensive artistic feeling, and good weathering resistance (wind resistance, indeformable, nondiscoloration) arranged, spring eternal, prolong the buildings life-span, simplify the complicated technology of original facing technology simultaneously.

The present invention realizes purpose by following means:

(1) preparation is applicable to the artistic glaze of brick

The history of glaze is quite long, and it is widely used in the surface of porcelain, pottery, glass, metal mold already, has created coloury daily necessities, workmanship and as the glazed tile of material of construction etc.The prescription of glaze is different and different with the mold material because of its purposes with making, and a great variety is 750～950 ℃ but also there is not a kind of fusing point up to now, and the glaze very strong with the adobe bonding force, so preparation brick artistic glaze is the top priority of preparation artistic glazed brick.

The composition of the brick glaze of artistic glazed brick of the present invention comprises: quartz, feldspar, Suzhou soil, yellow lead powder.Wherein, the weight percentage of each component content (prescription) is:

Quartzy 20～26% feldspars 10～17%

Suzhou soil 1.5～3.2% yellow lead powder 55～63%

The optimum formula of described brick glaze is:

Quartzy 23.4～23.8% feldspars 14.5～14.8%

Suzhou soil 2.2～2.4% yellow lead powder 59.4～60%

With the above-mentioned raw materials grinding powder, and by described percent by weight mix glaze (ground-coat enamel is faint yellow after the burning).

For preparing the brick glaze of other color, can in above-mentioned ground-coat enamel, add metal oxide and make, the selection of metal oxide and add-on are different because of selected color and luster and color depth, generally with 1～3% of glaze weight be advisable (temperature was relevant when the color and the degree of depth thereof were also with gloss firing in some cases).

Some buildings wall needs matt glazed brick, and the preparation of matt brick glaze is 1～3% of adding glaze weight calcium phosphate in above-mentioned plain brick glaze or colored brick glaze.

(2) preparation artistic glazed brick

In above-mentioned glaze, add an amount of water, stirring to make is the gruel shape, then with it to brick (base) glazing (be stained with glaze, glaze spraying, brushing glazing etc. wash all can), make the glaze layer thickness remain on 2 millimeter, again the brick that is coated with glaze (base) is pushed brickkiln and fires.Its step is as follows:

(1) preheating is about 75 minutes, makes brick be warmed up to 800 ℃ from normal temperature.

(2) high-temperature firing is about 90 minutes, and temperature is 850～950 ℃.

(3) cooling is about 75 minutes, makes brick progressively drop to 100 ℃ from 900 ℃.

So, can obtain the glossy or lacklustre artistic glazed brick of broken colour.

For the brick mask that makes glazing has better artistic effect, can also be with being stained with glaze, strand glaze, glaze spraying, these glazing skills of brushing glazing, in conjunction with the base at quarter of adobe, decorative pattern, the pattern that hand-pressing technology produces, use for example sintering curve, oxydizing flame etc. again, firing technology can produce have multicoloured striped, spot, pattern, secondary color, concavo-convex artistic glazed brick.

Embodiment

When example 1, preliminary examination, once used general ceramic glaze to the adobe glazing, through advancing the klining brick, glaze does not melt as a result, the preliminary examination failure.Conclusion: can only use low temperature glaze to brick (base).

Example 2, according to the record on the book series " artistic glaze ", make glaze by several prescriptions of selecting, with this glaze to the brick glazing, ubiquity surface blistering as a result, the bonding force of glaze and brick is (extreme difference that has) by force not.By current experiment, find the prescription complexity of these glaze, also must make frit earlier before the enamel frit makeing, formality is loaded down with trivial details, and cost is too high, all should not be used for the glazed brick preparation on the price and on the performance.

The tri-coloured glazed pottery glaze of example 3, usefulness system workmanship is made glazed brick, and the result has three deficiencies:

1. the bonding force of this glaze and brick is not strong, and the glaze layer is peeled off easily; 2. this glaze can not burn white background color on the red soil mold, more is difficult to prepare the glazed brick of other color; 3. this glaze is suitable for pine and fires, and is difficult to guarantee glaze quality when burning the cellar for storing things with coal.

Example 4, for making artistic glazed brick and simplifying glaze preparation method and reduce the cost of glaze, the present invention as flux, as stiffening agent, as suspension agent, is the new prescription of viscosity modifier with Suzhou soil with feldspar with quartzy with the yellow lead powder.For the fusing point that makes brick glaze is complementary in the temperature of baking bricks (750～950 ℃), each component content is selected, experimental results show that:

1. glaze did not melt when quartz content was higher than 26%, 950 ℃.

2. quartz content is lower than 20%, can sagging when baking bricks.

3. the yellow lead powder content is higher than 63%, easy sagging when baking bricks.

4. the yellow lead powder content is lower than 55%, and the glaze layer thickness is inhomogeneous, and glaze does not melt sometimes.

5. feldspar content is higher than 17%, glaze layer injustice, and line creases easily.

6. the long content of stone is lower than 10%, and glaze lacks suspension stability, and layering and precipitation can take place; After baking bricks, the bonding force of glaze and brick is not strong.

7. soil content in Suzhou is higher than 3.2%, and the viscosity of glaze is too high, and the glaze layer is difficult to evenly.

8. soil content in Suzhou is lower than 1.5%, and the bonding force of glaze and brick reduces, and the color and luster of glaze is bad.

Above-mentioned brick glaze prescription is determined by these experiments.But, according to the brickmaking temperature, the fusing point of glaze, the viscosity of glaze, suspension stability, and the bonding force of glaze after baking bricks and brick, combined factors such as color and luster are considered, are determined that the optimum formula of brick glaze is:

Quartzy 23.4～23.8% feldspars 14.5～14.8%

Yellow lead powder 59.4～60% Suzhou soil 2.2～2.4%

When transferring glaze with this glaze, the suspension of glaze is highly stable, does not give birth to precipitation, the modest viscosity of glaze, and the glaze layer is not only evenly but also wrinkle resistant.Scribble the adobe of this glaze layer, the brick of gained after baking bricks, its background color is pale yellow, the bonding force of glaze and brick very strong (even brick breaks, the glaze layer is not peeled off yet), the glaze layer is even, and color and luster is good.Add colorant (metal oxide) with this plain glaze, promptly can be made into the brick glaze of multiple different colours.

Example 5, making on the basis of multiple coloured glaze, be coated with certain ground-coat enamel of the same colour in adobe, with another color glaze point glaze or get rid of glaze, the glazed brick of gained is spottiness or striped; Be carved with some pattern in adobe earlier, glazed brick promptly like embossment on the wall, has abundanter artistic feeling.What deserves to be mentioned is in addition: after being coated with one deck glaze earlier in the adobe, spread thereon, overglaze with coloured stone and quartzy grain, the brick face of fired gained, just like the jade that is embedded with jewel, pearl, it is magnificent considerably beyond the original imagination.

Investigate from the simplification of chemical stability, physicals, manufacturing cost and the technology of the bonding force of artistic effect, glaze and the brick of the artistic glazed brick that makes, glaze, purpose of the present invention reaches fully.

Claims

1, in the past, buildings all belongs to blue bricks or common brick with brick, there is not the top layer to be coated with the brick of glaze, glaze also only is used to make pottery, the surface of porcelain, glass and metal mold, artistic glazed brick of the present invention is characterised in that: be to scribble brick glaze on one of adobe of matrix or two faces with red soil, glazed brick is to fire under certain condition with the adobe that is coated with glaze to form, and the composition of brick glaze is quartz, feldspar, Suzhou soil and yellow lead powder, and the weight percentage that is equipped with composition of glaze is:

Quartzy 20～26% feldspars 10～17%

Suzhou soil 1.5～3.2% yellow lead powder 55～63%

2, artistic glazed brick according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the optimum formula of described brick glaze is:

Quartzy 23.4～23.8% feldspars 14.5～14.8%

Suzhou soil 2.2～2.4% yellow lead powder 59.4～60%

Other color brick glaze adds 1～3% metal oxide and makes in above-mentioned brick glaze, matt brick glaze of all kinds adds 1～3% calcium phosphate again and makes in glaze.

3, artistic glazed brick according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described certain condition is:

1. preheating is about 75 minutes, makes brick be warmed up to 800 ℃ from normal temperature

2. high-temperature firing is about 90 minutes, and temperature is 850～950 ℃

3. lowered the temperature about 75 minutes, and made brick progressively drop to 100 ℃ from 900 ℃

4, artistic glazed brick according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described artistic glaze, its glazing skill has the glaze of being stained with, twists glaze, gets rid of glaze, puts glaze, described adobe can be adopted and carve base, hand-pressing etc., firing technology can adopt technology such as sintering curve and oxydizing flame, triplicity utilization can produce have multicoloured striped, spot, pattern, the concavo-convex artistic glazed brick of secondary color, artistic glazed brick as the embedding jewel is earlier after being coated with one deck glaze in the adobe, spread thereon with coloured stone and quartzy grain, overglaze, fired and.