The change the outfit corollary apparatus of harvesting corn of self-propelled combine harvester
Technical field
The utility model relates to the additional corollary apparatus of self-propelled combine harvester, particularly about the change the outfit corollary apparatus of harvesting corn of a kind of self-propelled combine harvester.
Background technology
China is an agricultural production big country, and its crop planting area has reached more than 400,000,000 mu, as wheat, paddy rice and the corn of staple food crop, has accounted for the overwhelming majority in all cereal crops harvest yields.Along with the progress and the development of Tendency of Agricultural Machinery in Chinaization, the machine yield of wheat and paddy rice has reached suitable level, as the machine yield of wheat reached 70%, paddy rice is 15%, and corn only has 1%.The quality and quantity of this point explanation grain harvesting machine has had suitable scale and level in China, and the facility that are exclusively used in harvesting corn are compared with grain harvesting machinery big gap are not only quantitatively arranged, and also have a certain distance aspect the development of maize harvesting machine and relevant facility and the exploitation.The development and the Application and Development of external special corn reaping machine have entered ripe development stages, but its type only is the threshing type, not exclusively adapts to the production reality and the national conditions of China, secondly, be costing an arm and a leg of facility, unrealistic as the large batch of introduction of production application.And from the actual state of the existing agricultural harvesting machineryization of China, no matter the existing self-propelled combine harvester of China is the technical indicator from quantity and results, has reached suitable scale and higher technical merit.But, the availability (or availability) of such facility whole years, but exist a very obvious and unavoidable reality---promptly because of the influences of different harvest seasons of being subjected to different crops, such facility can only use between the harvest time of crop, in case spent 1~2 month harvest time, these facility can only leave unused or change and use it for anything else.No matter above-mentioned reality is the input of the aspects such as investment, utilization, maintenance and cost of labor from equipment, more or less exists a kind of helpless waste.For this reason, in recent years, domestic have producer to develop the relevant corollary apparatus such as corn harvesting bench that change the outfit with it on the basis of combine harvester, and progressively improving.The purpose of makeing like this is to realize and finished the results of corn on the one hand, the person then improves the availability of former combine harvester with this in addition---that is to say the autumn after having gathered in the crops wheat, through promptly can be used to harvesting corn behind the associated components such as the ceding of Taiwan that changes the outfit, realize the purpose of a tractor serves several purposes (results cereal, paddy rice, beans and corn).
At present, domestic development with the supporting corn harvesting bench of grain harvesting machine substantially all be ear picking type, the ceding of Taiwan that is about to former grain harvesting machine is pulled down, and machine can be implemented the results of corn cob maize behind change the outfit the corn picker ceding of Taiwan and the other parts of putting such as elevator, fruit ear case and straw pulverizer.The production function mode of this outfitting tool is---only the corn ear rod taken through elevator and is delivered to the fruit ear case, wait to concentrate after the airing again threshing separately to handle then.This harvesting approach must be the production cycle of having elongated harvest corn, and its shortcoming and weak point are conspicuous.If can in facility, directly pluck fringe---threshing is handled, and wouldn't remedy and overcome above-mentioned defective.But, the present domestic corollary apparatus that can after plucking the fringe results, directly carry out corn threshing that changes the outfit with self-propelled combine harvester that do not have as yet, so, above-mentioned harvesting equipment and mode can only be adopted.Secondly, because the distributional difference in China corn planting zone is bigger, an Inner Mongol of receiving corn one year, the three northern areas of China of northeast and northwest, also one year two do two receive promptly receive the Central Plains of planting corn after the wheat again, and the provinces and regions on the south the Huanghe valley, especially mostly the corn in one class area, back is to plant after crop such as results wheat etc., because of vegetative period shorter, so, when corn enters harvest time, be in cured ripe or milking maturity shape mostly, the moisture content that is corn is higher, as plucking the direct threshing results behind the fringe at this moment, certainly will cause seed serious broken and influence the harvest rate.So, can only gather in the crops and after airing in the mode of plucking fringe, the moisture content for the treatment of fruit ear reaches to be done threshing more in addition after the set requirement and handles.So the corn harvesting bench and the corollary apparatus thereof of development are ear picking types at present, and be used for above-mentioned latter area use more.Certainly this type of type also can be used for long three northern areas of China in vegetative period, has just prolonged this area's harvest corn to the production cycle of putting in storage.For above-mentioned three northern areas of China, because of vegetative period longer, when corn entered harvest time, the moisture content of corn ear seed had reached the requirement of threshing substantially, therefore, the corn of three northern areas of China can directly be plucked fringe---the results of seed.But, at present domestic both do not had can directly implement to pluck fringe---the corn combine of threshing, also not seeing has the corollary apparatus that can change the outfit harvesting corn and carry out threshing with self-propelled combine harvester.In the existing self-propelled combine harvester, though be provided with mechanism such as shelling chamber,,, can not carry out the threshing results of corn even if behind the corn harvesting bench that changes the outfit.
On the basis of a self-propelled combine harvester, the ceding of Taiwan of former results cereal is pulled down, change the outfit behind the corollary apparatus such as ear picking cutting table, elevator and fruit ear case (although existing device be not very perfect and utilization percent lower), but still can realize corn pluck the fringe results; A cover is for the corollary apparatus of grain harvest, the multiple supporting purpose of the machine of wouldn't realizing if can change the outfit separately on same loom.But still not having at present can be at the device more than interchangeable two covers on the loom.Certainly, no matter be above-mentioned the sort of harvesting approach, also must be equipped with and have straw millstone efficient, high degradation rate.In order to reach and realize the purpose of the above-mentioned corollary apparatus that changes the outfit, national conditions and production practices in conjunction with China, and with reference to domestic and international relevant facility and technical data, in prior art, with the change the outfit corollary apparatus of harvesting corn of self-propelled combine harvester---the cedings of Taiwan of comprise by nearside divider, drawing no more than 3 row that stem roller, snapping bar, seedling pulling-up chain, screw feeder, gearbox etc. form, carry the elevator of fruit ear rod and the fruit ear case of storage fruit ear etc. to analyze and study.Wherein, horizontal auger conveyor---screw feeder revolves the fruit ear rod of taking the right side feeding mouth of sending into the ceding of Taiwan---is conveyed into the fruit ear case through elevator; The all other right side that places main frame of elevator and fruit ear case, the ceding of Taiwan and main frame are hinged syndeton, the ceding of Taiwan of this connected mode more complicated that changes the outfit is loaded down with trivial details.Secondly, the device form of existing supporting therewith straw pulverizer has two kinds---or preposition or rearmounted, preposition grinder is installed on the bottom of the ceding of Taiwan, and its power is by the gearbox output of the ceding of Taiwan; The rearmounted afterbody that then is mounted on main frame.No matter be preposition or rearmounted, its structure is made of the moving knife of stationary knife and rotation substantially, and the key of problem is that existing facility are only installed together---preposition or rearmounted grinder, like this grinder through one cutting process, the actual effect of handling from crushed stalk, the one, the stalk length after handling is long, and the 2nd, stalk uniformity different in size is relatively poor, so, be unfavorable for straw-returning; Moreover, limit by the power of engine, the whole stalks in the time of can not pulverizing triplex row with the upper header harvesting corn fully.So, the present this straw millstone that has only one cutting process, ubiquity the defective of straw-returning weak effect.
The utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is to realize changing the outfit of two kinds of dissimilar cedings of Taiwan and corollary apparatus thereof on a main frame, to realize to the results of corn ear and seed and to stalk pulverizing cmpletely.For realizing above-mentioned purpose, following technical scheme is proposed: a kind of change the outfit corollary apparatus of harvesting corn of formula combine harvester of walking, comprise main frame, gap bridge, ear picking cutting table, straw pulverizer, it is characterized in that the ceding of Taiwan connects that to place the gap bridge front end be that bolt connects; The device of harvesting corn seed of changing the outfit also comprises the movable notch board in the chain harrow supporting with the ceding of Taiwan, the shelling cleaning room and the secondary reducing mechanism of upper and lower screen cloth and stalk; The ceding of Taiwan is provided with two opposite left and right sides screw feeders of putting relatively of the hand of spiral, the feeding mouth that the middle part of ceding of Taiwan post-erection plate is provided with and the interface end of passing a bridge is joined; The rake teeth of chain harrow is shaped as uniform waveform in passing a bridge; The grating gap of movable notch board is 20~40mm, and the grating gap of upper and lower screen cloth is 12~25mm; Stalk secondary reducing mechanism places the rearmounted grinder of main frame afterbody to form by being located at the preposition cutter under the ceding of Taiwan and connecing; Preposition cutter is made up of cutterhead and the blade of being located at the vertical drive shaft end that ceding of Taiwan gearbox picks out, radially is provided with outwardly directed blade more than 3 along cutterhead; Rearmounted grinder is made up of beaming roller and the blade row, blade and the shell that are arranged on the beaming roller, along beaming roller radially evenly be laid with the above blade row of 3 row, every capable blade row is provided with several the blade of space, blade and beaming roller are being hinged of activity.
By the device of scheme implementation of the present utility model, utilize the bridge structure of existing reaping machine, improve and realized changing the outfit of the dissimilar cedings of Taiwan.On the basis of former reaping machine shelling cleaning room structure, movable notch board and upper and lower screen cloth are carried out adaptive design, thereby realized the threshing of corn kernel.Front and back two straw pulverizer of putting promptly are to be equivalent to stalk has been passed through pulverization process twice, make maize straw obtain pulverizing fully and completely.Corollary apparatus of the present utility model both can have been finished the results of cereal such as wheat on same loom, can finish the threshing results of plucking fringe results and three northern areas of China corn of Central Plains and areas to the south, the Yellow River corn behind the above-mentioned corollary apparatus that changes the outfit again.Reasonable in design, the compact conformation of the utility model is for realizing machine polygamy cover and improve now that the utilization rate of grain harvesting machine provides useful approach.
Description of drawings
What Fig. 1 showed is the schematic side view that the utility model is used for the corn kernel reaping machine;
What Fig. 2 showed is the schematic side view that the utility model is used for the corn picker reaping machine;
What Fig. 3 showed is the four lines ceding of Taiwan forward sight structural representation of corn threshing;
What Fig. 4 showed is the four lines ceding of Taiwan forward sight structural representation of corn picker;
What Fig. 5 showed is the setting and the cutterhead plan structure schematic diagram thereof of preposition stalk cutter;
What Fig. 6 showed is the side-looking structural representation of rearmounted straw pulverizer;
What Fig. 7 showed is the forward sight structural representation of gap bridge and chain harrow;
What Fig. 8 showed is the structural representation of chain harrow rake teeth;
What Fig. 9 showed is the structural representation of movable notch board;
What Figure 10 showed is the structural representation of upper and lower screen cloth.
Embodiment
Be embodiment with regard to a kind of reaping machine that changes the outfit harvesting corn seed corollary apparatus in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, be further described in detail.Main frame 1 is the self-propelled combine harvester of a Tai Xinniu-2 type, 2 is the gap bridge of former machine, the end face of the interface end 23 of passing a bridge is shaped on bolt connecting hole, and the back fishplate bar of this interface end and the four lines ceding of Taiwan 3 is twisted with bolt and connect, and promptly is that the ceding of Taiwan is connected it with it with main frame by bolt through passing a bridge; Shown in Figure 3,30 are the set fruit ear feeding mouth of ceding of Taiwan post-erection plate, feeding mouth 30 should join with 2 the passway of passing a bridge, and (ceding of Taiwan post-erection plate is provided with the butt end identical with the interface end 23 of passing a bridge, feeding mouth 30 promptly is the opening of ceding of Taiwan butt end), the ceding of Taiwan is provided with the left and right sides screw feeder 32,31 that the fruit ear of putting relatively with taking is delivered to gap bridge, the helical blade of two screw feeders is respectively left-hand screw 32 and right-hand screw 31,33rd, the nearside divider of the ceding of Taiwan; For fruit ear is delivered to shelling cleaning room 5 by gap bridge, chain harrow in the former facility is improved, for adapting to conveying greater than the corn ear of cereal kernels such as wheat, the rake teeth 210 of chain harrow 21 is made as wavy uniformly, among the figure 20 be sprocket wheel, 22 for chain, chain harrow being fixed on the chain at interval; Be in shelling cleaning room 5, to implement the threshing of corn kernel, the gap L of movable notch board 51 gratings 511 in the shelling chamber is made as 34mm (its maximal clearance is chosen as 40mm, and minimum clearance is chosen as 20mm); Upper and lower screen cloth 52 gratings 521 all be made as 15mm (its maximal clearance is chosen as 25mm, and minimum clearance is chosen as 12mm) to gap S in length and breadth; 512 is the diaphragm plate of movable notch board.For maize straw being implemented pulverizing and field also cmpletely, the utility model is provided with preposition cutter 4 and rearmounted grinder 6 respectively at the afterbody of middle and lower part that is positioned at the ceding of Taiwan and main frame.Preposition stalk cutter 4 is installed on the middle and lower part of the ceding of Taiwan 3, promptly is that the end from the vertical axis 41 of the gearbox transmission of every capable corn harvesting bench output has been installed with cutterhead 40, and cutterhead is fixed with 3 radially outer blades 42 that stretch out; When reaping machine in when operation work, along with advancing of the ceding of Taiwan, associated components in the ceding of Taiwan is when having strained stalk, place the ceding of Taiwan middle and lower part atwirl blade that is the level of state that the stalk that tilts is cut off successively, because blade is in advancing fast rotational, still long through the stalk length that blade cuts off, long stalk is an impediment to its also effect in field.For this reason, be necessary to pulverize once more and can reach the effectively also purpose in field of stalk.So, at the rear-mounted installation of main frame the grinder 6 of the second road postposition, this grinder is by shell 60, beaming roller 61 and blade 62 are formed, beaming roller is a level horizontal " roller " by driving belt 64 driven rotary, the surface of roller respectively by 120 ° direction device 3 row blade rows 62, in each blade row, device at interval has several blade 62, every all hinged by Xiao's axle 63 with beaming roller the root of blade, be that blade is movable being connected with beaming roller, have only after the beaming roller high speed rotating is got up, blade in the blade row " is got rid of " because of the effect of rotary centrifugal force, the blade that throws up has great inertia force, be scattered the segment stalk that is not shredded fully on the ground this moment promptly can be by continuous the hitting and shredding of the triplex row blade row of high speed rotating, in addition, because blade and beaming roller are movable being hinged, so, when the blade row of high speed rotating is touching stalk or ground and is being obstructed, suitable deflection can take place for the center of circle according to pin joint 63 in blade, that is to say that blade is equivalent to " soft " and is connected with beaming roller, rather than " firmly " of rigidity is fixedly connected.So way can prevent effectively that blade from not broken.In order timely compacting and smooth to be carried out on ground, at the limited dark cylinder 7,65th of the parallel device of the afterbody of rearmounted grinder 6, the link of grinder 6 and main frame 1.By the supporting device of the utility model through with new ox---after the associated components of the self-propelled combine harvester of 2 types changes the outfit, can implement to finish results to corn kernel.
In like manner, by the ceding of Taiwan of the present utility model---gap bridge syndeton, change the outfit secondary reducing mechanism---the preposition cutter 4 and the rearmounted grinder 6 of the ear picking type ceding of Taiwan 3 (its feeding mouth 30 other right sides of being located at), elevator 8, fruit ear case 9 and stalk can be implemented to finish the fruit ear rod results of corn and the thorough pulverizing of stalk thereof.So, the two kinds of dissimilar corollary apparatus that promptly change the outfit on facility have been realized the purpose of harvesting corn fruit ear and corn kernel, and make its stalk obtain cmpletely pulverizing.