CN102379191B - Vertical Ear Stem Harvesting Corn Harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, specifically a corn harvester. A vertical ear and stalk harvesting type corn harvester comprises a stand on which a cab and a harvesting platform are set. A reciprocating type cutter is set in front of the harvesting platform. A chain harrow type elevator, a vertical ear plucking device, a vertical stalk pulling device, a vertical cutting device are orderly set on the harvesting platform from the front to the rear. A crawler type ear collecting device is set in front of and below the vertical ear plucking device. A stalk collecting device is set below the cab. An ear elevator is set at left side of the cab. A throwing device is set at right side of the cab. An ear collecting box is set behind the cab. A grass collecting box is set behind the ear collecting box. By adoption of the mentioned technical proposal, the invention can harvest corn ear and stalk to be multi-purpose.

Description

Vertical Ear Stem Harvesting Corn Harvester

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a corn harvester.

Background technique

Corn is one of the three major grain crops in my country and the focus of grain production in my country. Most of the corn in our country is harvested twice a year. When the corn is harvested, the moisture content of the grain is as high as 35%, so it is not suitable to adopt the harvesting method of direct threshing. At present, the ears are mainly harvested by the harvester and then dried in the field. After the moisture content of the corn ears is reduced to The harvesting method of threshing after a certain value. There are mainly three ways to deal with straw: direct burning of straw, crushing and returning to the field, and recycling of straw into silage. Straw burning directly causes waste of resources and environmental pollution, which is not advisable. Straw crushing and returning to the field is mainly to install a straw returning machine at the middle and rear of the corn harvester. Since the returning machine is installed at the middle and rear, it is difficult to crush the straw that has been rolled into the soil by the wheels and return it to the field. The power consumption of the machine is large, which increases the operation cost of returning directly to the field. Straw recycling silage can not only improve the utilization efficiency of straw after harvest, but also have less impact on the soil. In recent years, with the continuous development of my country's animal husbandry, the demand for silage has also increased year by year. Harvesting corn ears and stalks together, and using the harvested corn stalks as animal husbandry feed can not only increase farmers' economic income, but also reduce environmental pollution caused by straw burning.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a vertical corn harvester with both ears and stems to solve the above technical problems.

The technical problem solved by the present invention can adopt following technical scheme to realize:

The vertical ear and stem harvesting corn harvester includes a frame, and the frame is equipped with a cab, a harvesting platform, a chain rake elevator, an ear picking device, an ear conveying and collecting device, and a driving device, and is characterized in that A reel is provided above the harvesting platform, a reciprocating cutter is provided in front of the harvesting platform, a chain rake elevator, a vertical ear picking device, Vertical stem pulling device, vertical chopping device, the front and lower part of the vertical ear picking device is provided with a crawler-type ear collection device;

The front of the cab is provided with the reel, the bottom of the cab is provided with a straw collection device, the left side of the cab is provided with an ear elevator, and the right side of the cab is provided with a throwing device. An ear-collecting box is provided at the rear of the cab, a power mechanism is provided below the ear-collecting box, and a grass-collecting box is provided behind the ear-collecting box;

The output port of the crawler-type ear collection device is connected to the input port of the ear elevator, and the output port of the ear elevator is connected to the ear collecting box;

The output port of the vertical chopping device is connected to the input port of the straw collecting device, the output port of the straw collecting device is connected to the input port of the throwing device, and the output port of the throwing device faces the collecting straw box.

When the present invention works, the reel moves the stalks to the harvesting table, and at the same time the reciprocating cutter cuts the stalks, and the cut stalks are sent to the vertical ear picking device under the drive of the chain rake elevator, and the vertical picking The ear device picks off the ears, and the picked ears fall into the crawler-type ear collection device at the front and bottom, and are sent to the ear elevator on one side through the crawler-type ear collection device, and finally sent to the ear collection box. The plucked straw enters the vertical chopping device under the pulling action of the vertical stem pulling device for chopping. The chopped straw enters the straw collecting device, and the straw collecting device transports the straw to the throwing device on one side for input. After the shredded straw enters the throwing device, it is sent to the grass collecting box or trailer through the throwing device.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention of the above-mentioned design is equipped with an ear picking device and a stalk collecting device, which can realize both ears and stalks of corn; it adopts a reel, a reciprocating cutter, a chain rake elevator, and a vertical The structure of the ear picking device and the vertical chopping device, when the machine is working, the reel will move the corn plants growing in the field to the rear, and then the reciprocating cutter will cut the corn plants from the root, and the root of the cut corn plant The ones facing forward and the top facing backward are placed flat on the chain rake elevator, and under the action of the chain rake elevator, they are transported backward to the vertical ear picking device, so that the head of the corn plant is first fed into the vertical ear picking device. Ear device, this method of picking ears against the growth direction is consistent with the way humans manually pick corn ears, and the ears are easy to pick. Compared with traditional corn harvesters, the power consumption is less, and the ear loss rate and grain damage rate are reduced; The corn plant is cut by a type cutter, which improves the adaptability to harvesting corn with different row spacing, and at the same time ensures that the harvested straw has a low impurity content, so that the harvested straw is suitable for livestock feed; the crawler-type ear collection device is adopted, which is compatible with Compared with the traditional ear auger collection device, it takes up less space, which makes the inclination angle of the entire harvesting platform smaller, thereby reducing the power consumption when the cut corn stalks are transported on the harvesting platform.

The reciprocating cutter includes a row of moving blades and a row of fixed blades, the moving blade is installed on the moving knife holder, the moving blade is located below the fixed blade, and a blade presser is arranged above the fixed blade , to play the role of fixing and pressing, and the outer side of the movable blade and the fixed blade are provided with edge guards, which play a protective role;

The moving knife rest is connected to a power output rocker arm of a swing ring box through a reciprocating rod, and the reciprocating rod drives the moving knife rest to reciprocate.

The chain rake elevator includes a driving sprocket, a driven sprocket and a scraper, the driving sprocket is arranged behind the scraper, and the driven sprocket is arranged in front of the scraper, The driving sprocket is higher than the driven sprocket, the scraper is arranged obliquely, and the driving sprocket is connected to the scraper power mechanism through the scraper transmission mechanism;

The header includes two left and right header side plates, the driving sprocket and the driven sprocket are respectively arranged transversely between the two header side plates, and are rotatably connected with the header side plates ;

The scraper rotates in a counterclockwise cycle.

The reel is arranged above the chain rake elevator;

The left and right ends of the reel are respectively connected to a reel support, and the middle part of the reel support is connected to the header side plate through the reel cylinder. Under the action of the reel oil cylinder, the reel moves up and down around the installation point of the reel support and the frame according to the different heights of the straw. Through the action of the reel cylinder, the distance between the reel support and the side plate of the header can be adjusted, and then the height of the reel can be adjusted, so that straws of different heights can be harvested effectively.

The header is hingedly connected to the frame through the header connecting plate, and a connecting plate oil cylinder is arranged under the header connecting plate. Under the action of the connecting plate oil cylinder, the harvesting platform collects straw around the The device rotates.

The vertical chopping device includes three straight-blade inclined-mounted drum-type choppers. The drum chopper forms a vertical chopper;

The straw collection device includes a straw collection auger, and three straight-bladed oblique-mounted drum-type choppers are arranged in a row in front of the straw-collected auger, and the straight-blade oblique-mounted drum-type shredders on both sides are The output port of the device is inclined towards the feeding port of the straw collecting auger, and the output port of the straight blade obliquely mounted drum chopper in the middle is facing the feeding port of the straw collecting auger, so that the chopped straw can enter The straw is collected in the auger.

The inclination of the straight blade obliquely mounted drum chopper on the harvesting platform is 18°-25°.

The chopping knife of the straight blade obliquely mounted drum chopper adopts a straight blade obliquely mounted hob, and the inclination angle of the chopping knife is 4°-8°.

The throwing device includes an impeller and a throwing cylinder, the impeller is arranged on the right side of the straw collecting device, and a throwing cylinder is arranged above the impeller; the throwing cylinder communicates with the straw collecting device.

The straw collection device includes a straw collection auger, the straw collection auger includes an auger shaft, the auger shaft is covered with an auger tube, and the auger tube is provided with auger blades;

The left side of the straw collection auger is provided with a gearbox.

Beneficial effects: Due to the adoption of the above technical scheme, the present invention can harvest not only corn ears but also corn stalks, realizing the purpose of one machine with multiple functions, avoiding resource waste and environmental pollution caused by straw burning, and improving social and economic benefits.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the bottom view of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is the partial structural representation of reciprocating cutter of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the vertical chopping device of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the straw collecting device and the throwing device of the present invention.

Detailed ways

In order to make the technical means, creative features, goals and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific diagrams.

With reference to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, the vertical ear stalk harvesting type corn harvester comprises frame, and the bottom of frame is provided with walking wheel, is used to move the present invention. The traveling wheels are provided with four traveling wheels as required, which are respectively arranged at the front and rear bottoms of the frame. The frame is equipped with cab 1, harvesting platform, chain rake elevator, ear picking device, fruit ear conveying and collecting device and driving device. Above the harvesting platform, there is a reel 2. In front of the harvesting platform, there is a reciprocating cutting machine. Device 3, the harvesting platform is provided with a chain rake elevator 4, a vertical ear picking device 5, a vertical stem pulling device 6, a vertical chopping device 7, and the front of the vertical ear picking device 5 from front to back. Below is provided with crawler type ear collection device 8. The front of the cab 1 is provided with a reel 2, the bottom of the cab 1 is provided with a straw collection device 9, the left side of the cab 1 is provided with an ear lifter 10, the right side of the cab 1 is provided with a throwing device 11, and the cab 1 The rear is provided with an ear collection box 12, and the ear collection box 12 below is provided with a power mechanism 13, and the power mechanism 13 can adopt a motor. Collect ear box 12 rears and be provided with grass collection box 14. The output port of the crawler-type ear collector 8 is connected to the input port of the ear elevator 10 , and the output port of the ear elevator 10 is connected to the ear box 12 . The output port of the vertical chopping device 7 is connected to the input port of the straw collecting device 9 , the output port of the straw collecting device 9 is connected to the input port of the throwing device 11 , and the output port of the throwing device 11 faces the grass collecting box 14 .

When the present invention works, the reel 2 moves the stalks to the harvesting platform, and at the same time, the reciprocating cutter 3 cuts the stalks, and the cut stalks are sent to the vertical ear picking device 5 driven by the chain rake elevator 4 , the vertical ear picking device 5 picks off the ears, and the picked ears fall into the crawler-type ear collection device 8 at the front and bottom, and are sent to the ear elevator 10 on one side through the crawler-type ear collection device 8, and finally sent to the collection. Spike Box12. The plucked stalks enter the vertical chopping device 7 under the pulling action of the vertical stem pulling device 6 for chopping, and the chopped stalks enter the stalk collecting device 9, and the stalk collecting device 9 transports the stalks to one side. The input port of the throwing device 11, after the shredded straw enters the throwing device 11, is sent to the grass collecting box 14 or the trailer through the throwing device 11 under the rotation of the impeller.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention of the above-mentioned design is equipped with ear picking device and stalk collection device 9, which can realize both ears and stalks of corn; adopt vertical ear picking device 5 and vertical chopping device 7, so that corn can be harvested in Pick ears under the drooping state; adopt the structural form of reel 2, reciprocating cutter 3, chain rake elevator 4, vertical ear picking device 5 and vertical chopping device 7, when the machine is working, the reel The corn plants grown in the field are sent to the rear, and then the reciprocating cutter 3 cuts off the corn plants from the roots, and the cut corn plants are placed flat on the chain rake type elevator with the roots facing forward and the top facing backward, Under the action of the chain rake elevator 4, it is transported backward to the vertical ear picking device 5, so that the head of the corn plant is first fed into the vertical ear picking device 5. This method of picking ears against the growth direction is similar to human manual picking The corn ears are in the same way, and the ears are easy to pick. Compared with the traditional corn harvester, the power consumption is less, and the ear loss rate and grain damage rate are reduced; the reciprocating cutter 3 is used to cut the corn plants, which improves the harvesting of corn with different row spacing. Adaptability, while ensuring that the harvested straw has a low impurity rate, so that the harvested straw is suitable for use as livestock feed; the crawler-type ear collection device 8 is adopted, which occupies less space compared with the traditional ear auger collection device , so that the inclination angle of the entire harvesting platform becomes smaller, thereby reducing power consumption when the cut corn stalks are transported on the harvesting platform.

Referring to Fig. 3, the reciprocating cutter 3 comprises a row of moving blades 31 and a row of fixed blades 32, the moving blades 31 are installed on the moving knife holder, the moving blades 31 are located below the fixed blades 32, and the top of the fixed blades 32 is provided with a pressing blade Device 33, plays fixing and compressing effect, and the outside of movable blade 31 and fixed blade 32 is provided with edge guard 34, plays protective effect. The moving knife rest is connected with a power output rocker arm of a pendulum ring box through a reciprocating rod, and the reciprocating rod drives the moving knife rest to perform reciprocating motion.

Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the chain rake elevator 4 includes a driving sprocket 41, a driven sprocket 42 and a scraper 43, the driving sprocket 41 is arranged behind the scraper 43, and the driven sprocket 42 is arranged on the scraper 43. In front of the plate 43, the driving sprocket 41 is higher than the driven sprocket 42, and the scraper 43 is obliquely arranged, and the front is low and the rear is high. The driving sprocket 41 is connected to the scraper power mechanism through the scraper transmission mechanism. The header comprises two header side plates 15 left and right, and the driving sprocket 41 and the driven sprocket 42 are horizontally arranged between the two header side plates 15 respectively, and are connected with the header side plate 1 in rotation. The scraper power mechanism provides power, and the scraper transmission mechanism transmits power. Under the rotation of the driving sprocket 41, the scraper 43 rotates in a counterclockwise cycle.

Referring to FIG. 1 , the reel 2 is arranged above the chain rake elevator 4 . The left and right ends of the reel 2 are respectively connected with a reel support 21, and the reel support 21 is preferably rotatably connected with the frame. The reel support 21 is connected to the header side plate 15 through the reel oil cylinder 22 . Under the action of the reel oil cylinder 22, the reel 2 moves up and down around the installation point of the reel support 21 and the frame according to the different heights of the stalks. Through the action of the reel oil cylinder 22, the distance between the reel support 21 and the header side plate 15 can be adjusted, and then the height of the reel 2 can be adjusted so that straws of different heights can be harvested effectively.

The header is hingedly connected with the frame by the header connecting plate 16, and the connecting plate oil cylinder is arranged below the header connecting plate 16, and under the action of the connecting plate oil cylinder, the harvesting platform rotates around the stalk collecting device 9.

Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 4, the vertical chopping device 7 includes three straight-blade obliquely mounted drum-type choppers, and the blades of the straight-blade obliquely mounted drum-type choppers are arranged vertically and forwardly on the harvesting platform. , Straight edge oblique drum chopper to form a vertical chopper. The inclination of the straight blade obliquely mounted drum chopper on the harvesting platform is 18°~25°. The chopping knife of the straight-blade obliquely mounted drum chopper adopts a straight-blade obliquely mounted hob, and the inclination angle of the chopping knife is 4°～8°. Referring to Fig. 4, the vertical chopping device 7 includes a hob upper cover 71, a chopping machine seat welded 72, a fixed knife assembly 73, a moving knife unit 74 and the like.

Referring to Fig. 2 and Fig. 5, the straw collecting device 9 includes a straw collecting auger 91, three straight-blade obliquely mounted drum-type choppers are arranged in a row in front of the straw collecting auger 91, and the straight-blade obliquely mounted drum-type choppers on both sides are arranged in a row. The output port of the chopper is inclined towards the feeding port of the straw collection auger 91, and the output port of the middle straight-bladed oblique drum type chopper is facing the feeding port of the straw collecting auger 91, so that the chopped straw can enter the straw collection Spiral Dragon 91.

Referring to FIG. 5 , the throwing device 11 includes an impeller 111 and a throwing cylinder 112 , the impeller 111 is arranged on the right side of the straw collecting device 9 , and the throwing cylinder 112 is arranged above the impeller 111 . The throwing cylinder 112 communicates with the stalk collecting device 9 . The straw collection device 9 includes a straw collection auger 91, the straw collection auger 91 includes an auger shaft 911, the auger shaft 911 is covered with an auger cylinder 912, and the auger cylinder 912 is provided with an auger blade 913. The left side of the stalk collecting auger 91 is provided with a gearbox 92 . The gearbox 92 includes a sprocket, gears and sprocket gears welded together, the sprocket and the auger shaft 911 of the straw collection auger 91 are connected together by a key, one side of the sprocket is close to the bearing, and the other side is fixed by the sleeve . The gear inner hole matches with the bearing clearance, and the side is stuck on the auger cylinder 912 steps of the stalk collection auger 91. When power is transmitted to the sprocket gear welding, the sprocket drive drives the auger shaft 911 to rotate, and the auger shaft 911 drives the stalk collection auger 91 to rotate through the gear transmission.

The basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention have been shown and described above. Those skilled in the industry should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above-mentioned embodiments. What are described in the above-mentioned embodiments and the description only illustrate the principle of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will also have Variations and improvements are possible, which fall within the scope of the claimed invention. The protection scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (9)

1. vertical fringe and stalk harvesting type corn reaping machine, comprise frame, described frame is provided with driver's cabin, header, chain-and-slat type elevator, ear-picking unit, fruit ear conveying gathering unit and drive unit, it is characterized in that, described header top is provided with straw shift wheel, the place ahead of described header is provided with reciprocating cutterbar, on described header, by being provided with successively from front to back chain-and-slat type elevator, vertical ear-picking unit, vertical stem pulling device, vertical cutting crushing device, the front lower place of described vertical ear-picking unit is provided with the crawler type ear collector;

Described driver's cabin the place ahead is provided with described straw shift wheel, described under-cab is provided with straw-collecting device, described driver's cabin left side is provided with ear or transport device, described driver's cabin right side is provided with and throws device, described driver's cabin rear is provided with maize cob collector, described maize cob collector below is provided with actuating unit, and described maize cob collector rear is provided with grass cutting collection box;

The delivery outlet of described crawler type ear collector connects the input port of described ear or transport device, and the delivery outlet of described ear or transport device connects described maize cob collector;

The delivery outlet of described vertical cutting crushing device connects the input port of described straw-collecting device, and the delivery outlet of described straw-collecting device connects the described input port that throws device, and the described delivery outlet of device that throws is towards described grass cutting collection box.

2. vertical fringe and stalk harvesting type corn reaping machine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described reciprocating cutterbar comprises row's knife section, a blade that is ranked, described knife section is arranged on movable knife rack, described knife section is positioned at the below of described ledger-plate, described ledger-plate top is provided with pressuring blade device, play fixing and pressuring action, the outside of described knife section and ledger-plate is provided with guard, shields;

Described movable knife rack connects the power output rocking arm of a tilting ring box by a reciprocating lever, described reciprocating lever drives described movable knife rack and moves reciprocatingly.

3. vertical fringe and stalk harvesting type corn reaping machine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described chain-and-slat type elevator comprises drive sprocket, driven sprocket and scraper plate, described drive sprocket is arranged on the rear of described scraper plate, described driven sprocket is arranged on the place ahead of described scraper plate, described drive sprocket is higher than described driven sprocket, inclination arranges, and described drive sprocket connects the scraper plate actuating unit by the scraper plate transmission mechanism;

Described header comprises two ceding of Taiwan side plates in left and right, and described drive sprocket, described driven sprocket are horizontally installed on respectively between two described ceding of Taiwan side plates, and are rotationally connected with described ceding of Taiwan side plate;

Described scraper plate is done counterclockwise circulating rolling.

4. according to claim 1,2 or 3 described vertical fringe and stalk harvesting type corn reaping machines is characterized in that: described straw shift wheel is arranged on described chain-and-slat type elevator top;

The two ends, left and right of described straw shift wheel connect respectively a reel support, and the middle part of described reel support connects described ceding of Taiwan side plate by the straw shift wheel oil cylinder.

5. vertical fringe and stalk harvesting type corn reaping machine according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: described header is articulated and connected by ceding of Taiwan connecting plate and described frame, described ceding of Taiwan connecting plate below is provided with the connecting plate oil cylinder, under the effect of described connecting plate oil cylinder, described header rotates around described straw-collecting device.

6. vertical fringe and stalk harvesting type corn reaping machine according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: described vertical cutting crushing device comprises three straight sword angle mount cylinder-type cutterheads, vertical the turning forward of the blade of described straight sword angle mount cylinder-type cutterhead is arranged on described header, and described straight sword angle mount cylinder-type cutterhead forms the vertical cutting millstone; Described straw-collecting device comprises a straw collecting screw feeder, three described straight sword angle mount cylinder-type cutterheads are in a row is arranged on described straw collecting screw feeder the place ahead, the delivery outlet of the described straight sword angle mount cylinder-type cutterhead of both sides tilts towards described straw collecting screw feeder feeding mouth, the delivery outlet of middle described straight sword angle mount cylinder-type cutterhead is just towards described straw collecting screw feeder feeding mouth, so that the stalk after chopping enters in the straw collecting screw feeder.

7. vertical fringe and stalk harvesting type corn reaping machine according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: the gradient of described straight sword angle mount cylinder-type cutterhead on described header is 18 °～25 °;

The shredder bar of described straight sword angle mount cylinder-type cutterhead adopts straight sword angle mount hobboing cutter, and described shredder bar angle of inclination is 4 °～8 °.

8. according to claim 1,2 or 3 described vertical fringe and stalk harvesting type corn reaping machines, it is characterized in that: described straw-collecting device comprises a straw collecting screw feeder, described straw collecting screw feeder comprises a screw conveyor shaft, and on described screw conveyor shaft, cover has the screw feeder cylinder, and described screw feeder cylinder is provided with screw feeder blade;

The left side of described straw collecting screw feeder is provided with gearbox.

9. vertical fringe and stalk harvesting type corn reaping machine according to claim 8 is characterized in that: the described device that throws comprises impeller and throws cylinder, and described impeller is arranged on the right side of described straw-collecting device, and described impeller top is provided with and throws cylinder; Described cylinder and the described straw-collecting device UNICOM of throwing.

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