CN202679991U - Spike-stalk harvesting type maize harvesting machine header - Google Patents

Abstract

The header of the four-row corn harvester developed by the utility model is installed in front of the driver's cab, including two parts, the upper header and the lower header. The upper header is located above the lower header, and the ear picking device , ear collection device and elevator, etc. The upper cutting platform adopts a roller-type ear-picking device, which is composed of four pairs of ear-picking rollers, and a scraper-type elevator is set on the right side of each pair of ear-picking rollers and the lower ear-picking roller. . The lower cutting platform is mainly composed of a reciprocating straw cutting device, a straw collecting auger, a straw conveying device, and a straw cutting and throwing device. Among them, the reciprocating straw cutting device is installed at the front end of the lower cutting platform, the front end of the straw collecting auger is connected with the reciprocating straw cutting device, the rear end is connected with the straw conveying device, and the straw cutting and throwing device is installed behind the straw conveying device. The utility model adopts a compound cutting platform, realizes both ears and stems, and avoids environmental pollution and waste of resources; the machine has a compact structure and strong adaptability, and adopts a reciprocating cutting device to realize wrong row harvesting.

Description

Corn Harvester Header with Ear and Stem Harvesting

technical field

The utility model relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a corn harvester cutting platform for both ears and stems. the

Background technique

Corn, wheat and rice are the three major food crops in my country, and my country's corn planting area ranks second in the world. Although with the change of my country's policy, the phenomenon of straw burning during the corn harvest period is gradually decreasing, but this phenomenon still exists in some areas. In recent years, my country's animal husbandry has developed rapidly, and the demand for animal feed has increased. Corn stalks can be used as animal feed. On the one hand, it alleviates the shortage of animal feed and increases farmers' income; on the other hand, it also avoids incineration. Environmental pollution and resource waste caused by straw. In addition, corn stalks are also important biomass resources, which can also be used as biomass raw materials to alleviate the situation of decreasing natural resources. There is no row spacing standard for corn planting in my country, and the uneven row spacing in corn planting areas in various places has brought great inconvenience to the mechanical harvesting of corn. Therefore, a corn harvester header that can harvest in the wrong row and has mature technology is a research in the future. focus. the

Contents of the invention

The purpose of this utility model is on the basis of the original four-row corn harvester, to provide a four-row corn harvester header that can harvest in different rows, so as to solve the above technical problems. the

The technical problems solved by the utility model can be realized by adopting the following technical solutions. the

The header of the corn harvester with four rows of ears and stems developed by the utility model is installed on the front part of the cab, including two parts, the upper header and the lower header. The upper header is located above the lower header, and the upper header It is composed of table shell, ear picking device, ear collecting auger and ear elevator. It is characterized in that: the shell of the upper header is located around the entire upper header, supporting and protecting the internal structure; the ear picking device is composed of four pairs of ear picking rollers, and the rear end of each pair of ear picking rollers is installed on the cutting head The two power output shafts of the ear picking box at the back of the table are connected, and the two ear picking rollers forming each pair of ear picking rollers are arranged in parallel in the longitudinal plane, and the two ear picking rollers have a height difference of 30-50mm in the vertical direction; A scraper-type elevator is installed on the right side of each pair of lower ear-picking rollers. After corn ears are picked by the ear-picking rollers, they slide down into the scraper-type elevator, and the scraper-type elevator transports the ears to the ear collection auger. The ear collecting auger is installed in the rear of the ear picking device, and the ear collecting auger is the outlet of the ear auger, which is connected with the entrance of the ear elevator, and the outlet of the ear elevator is connected with the auger on the top of the peeling device. relatively. The lower cutting platform is mainly composed of a lower cutting platform housing, a reciprocating straw cutting device, a straw collecting auger, a straw conveying device and a straw cutting and throwing device. Wherein, the casing of the lower header is located around the lower header to support and protect the inner structure of the lower header. The reciprocating straw cutting device is installed at the front end of the lower cutting platform, and the swing ring box is installed on the left side of the reciprocating straw cutting device to realize the conversion of circular motion into reciprocating motion; the straw collecting auger is installed behind the reciprocating straw cutting device , the output port of the straw collecting auger is set in the middle and connected with the input port of the straw conveying device. The straw conveying device is composed of 4 feeding rollers; It is composed of a throwing device, which is installed on the left side of the cab. the

The upper cutting platform is mainly composed of an upper cutting platform housing, an ear picking roller, an ear collecting auger and an ear elevator. Among them, the upper header shell is located around the entire upper header, supporting and protecting the upper header; inside the upper header shell, the ear picking device is composed of four pairs of ear picking rollers arranged in parallel longitudinally, forming each There is a height difference between the two ear-picking rollers of the ear-picking rollers, and the reeling chain is set on the header shell in front of the ear-picking rollers to guide the corn stalks, so that the straws can be smoothly introduced into the ear-picking device; A scraper-type elevator is installed on the right side of each pair of lower ear-picking rollers. After corn ears are picked by the ear-picking rollers, they slide down into the scraper-type elevator, and the scraper-type elevator transports the ears to the ear collection auger. The ear collection auger is installed at the rear of the ear picking device, and the ears picked by the ear picking device are collected to the connection between the outlet of the ear collection auger and the entrance of the ear elevator on one side; the ear elevator is installed on the ear collection and agitator At the rear of the dragon, the inlet of the ear elevator is connected with the outlet of the ear collection auger, and the outlet of the ear elevator is opposite to the peeling machine. the

The lower cutting platform is mainly composed of a lower cutting platform casing, a reciprocating straw cutting device, a straw collecting auger, a straw conveying device and a straw chopping and throwing device. Among them, the casing of the lower header is arranged around the entire lower header to support and protect the internal structure of the lower header; inside the lower header casing, the reciprocating straw cutting device is installed at the front end of the lower header, mainly by Composed of a reciprocating cutting knife, the reciprocating cutting knife includes a moving knife, a fixed knife, a moving knife holder, a blade presser and a blade guard, the fixed knife is fixed on the lower header shell, and the moving knife is fixed on the moving knife holder. The moving knife and the moving knife holder are installed under the fixed knife, and the edge presser is installed above the fixed knife. The edge guard is installed on the outermost side of each reciprocating knife. A swing ring box is installed outside the housing to convert circular motion into reciprocating motion. The front end of the straw conveying device located behind the straw collection auger is connected to the straw collection auger, and the rear end is connected to the straw chopping and throwing device; the chopper is installed under the cab, and the throwing device is installed on one side of the cab . The outlet of the straw collection auger is set in the center of the auger, which is connected with the inlet of the rear straw conveying device. The straight plate with teeth is good for the straw to be transported to the rear straw conveying device; the straw conveying device is installed behind the straw collecting auger and consists of four feeding rollers with different diameters on the same plane. The straw conveying method combined with a smooth bottom plate, the feeding roller adopts a toothed roller, and each feeding roller is welded with multiple rows of racks along the axial direction, and the tooth shape of the racks from the first feeding roller to the fourth feeding roller is determined by If the sharp teeth gradually change to flat teeth, the rack tooth shapes of the second and third feeding rollers are the same, and the linear speeds of the four feeding rollers increase sequentially, so as to avoid the straw being blocked at the outlet of the auger. The front end of the straw conveying device located behind the straw collection auger is connected to the straw collection auger, and the rear end is connected to the straw chopping and throwing device; the chopper is installed under the cab, and the throwing device is installed on one side of the cab . The straw chopping and throwing device is installed at the rear of the straw conveying device, and the chopper adopts a straight blade obliquely installed drum type chopper, including a moving knife, a fixed knife, a moving knife disc and a chopper shell, and the chopper The casing is installed around the entire chopper to play a protective role. The fixed knife is fixedly installed at the entrance of the chopper, and the moving knife is installed on the moving knife disc. At the same time, the moving knife interacts with the fixed knife to chop the stalks. The throwing cylinder is a straight throwing cylinder, and the throwing cylinder can rotate the direction of the throwing outlet according to the position of the grass collecting box, so that the grass collecting box It is more convenient to collect straw, the inlet of the throwing cylinder is connected with the outlet of the chopper, and the outlet of the throwing cylinder is opposite to the grass collecting box. the

Innovation point : Compared with the prior art, this utility model adopts the upper and lower two-layer compound cutting platform, which solves the harvesting of ears and straws, realizes both ears and stems, and the straws are used as animal husbandry feed after harvesting, which not only solves the problem of It avoids the shortage of raw materials in animal husbandry in recent years, and avoids the environmental pollution caused by straw burning; the upper and lower headers are installed up and down, which makes the structure of the header more compact and reduces the longitudinal size of the machine. In addition, the upper header and the lower header can independently adjust the height of the header according to the height of stubble cutting and ear formation, which greatly improves the adaptability of the machine; the reciprocating straw cutting device is adopted, and the cutting of straw is not affected by the row spacing of corn planting. It solves the problem of inconsistency in corn planting specifications in my country and realizes harvesting in wrong rows; the straw conveying device adopts a single-row multi-roller conveying structure, which is easy to realize long-distance transportation of long straw; in addition, the reason for the increasing linear speed of the four feeding rollers, Straightening the horizontal or oblique stalks can not only avoid the occurrence of transmission blockage, but also improve the chopping effect of the chopper. Corn stalks are harvested before falling to the ground, which reduces the impurity content of the straw, and the harvested straw is more suitable for animal husbandry feed and industrial fuel.

Detailed ways

Description of drawings: Fig. 1 shows the front view of the installation orientation of the utility model on the self-propelled machine.

Figure 2 shows a top view of the installation orientation of the utility model on the self-propelled machine. the

Figure 3 shows the top view of the lower header. the

Figure 4 shows the shredder. the

1. Upper header housing 2. Ear picking roller 3. Lower header housing 4. Reciprocating straw cutting device 5. Swing ring box 6. Straw collection auger 7. First feeding roller 8. Floating device 9. Bridge housing 10, second feeding roller 11, front traveling wheel 12, chopper 13, engine 14, frame 15, peeling device 16, rear traveling wheel 17, ear collecting box 18, horizontal auger 19, throwing Delivery device 20, ear lifter 21, cab 22, fourth feeding roller 23, ear collecting auger 24, third feeding roller 25, shredder housing 26, moving knife holder 27, moving knife 28, Throwing cylinder 29, grain divider 30, scraper lifter 31, ear picking box 32, auger blade 33, straight plate 34, fixed knife 35, moving knife 36, edge guard 37, edge presser

As shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the header of the four-row ear stem harvester type corn harvester developed by the utility model is installed on the front part of the cab 21, including two parts, the upper header and the lower header, The upper header is located on the upper part of the lower header, and is composed of an upper header housing 1, an ear picking device, an ear collection auger 23 and an ear elevator 20, wherein the upper header housing 1 is located around the entire upper header , play the role of supporting and protecting the internal structure; the ear picking device is composed of four pairs of ear picking rollers 2, and the rear ends of each pair of ear picking rollers 2 are connected to the two power output shafts of the ear picking box 31 installed at the rear of the header , the two ear-picking rollers 2 that form each pair of ear-picking rollers 2 are arranged in parallel in the longitudinal plane, and the height difference between the two ear-picking rollers 2 in the vertical direction is 30-50mm; Both sides are provided with scraper-type elevators, and corn ears slide into scraper-type elevators 30 after being picked by ear-picking rollers 2, and the scraper-type elevators 30 transport the ears to the ear collection auger 23; 23 are installed in the rear of ear picking device, and the side that gathers auger 23 on fruit ear is the outlet of auger auger of fruit ear, is connected with the entrance of ear lifter 20. The lower cutting platform is mainly composed of the lower cutting platform casing 3, the reciprocating straw cutting device 4, the straw collecting auger 6, the straw conveying device and the chopper throwing device, wherein the lower cutting platform casing 3 is located at the bottom of the lower cutting platform. The surrounding area plays the role of supporting and protecting the internal structure of the lower header; inside the lower header shell 3, the reciprocating straw cutting device 4 is installed on the front end of the lower header, and a swing ring is installed on the header shell 3 on the left side box 5 to realize the conversion of circular motion into reciprocating motion; the straw collection auger 6 is installed behind the reciprocating straw cutting device 4, and the outlet of the straw collection auger 6 is set in the center of the auger, corresponding to the inlet of the rear straw conveying device The auger blades 32 on both sides of the auger entrance and exit are rotated in the opposite direction, which is convenient for collecting the cut straw to the middle. The middle of the auger is a toothed straight plate 33, which is beneficial for the straw to be transported to the straw conveying device at the rear; the straw conveying device Installed behind the straw collecting auger 6, it consists of four feeding rollers with different diameters located on the same plane. The straw conveying method is combined with a single row of multi-rollers and a smooth bottom plate. The feeding rollers are toothed rollers. The first feed roller 7 to the fourth feed roller 22 are welded with multiple rows of racks in the axial direction, and the rack teeth of the first feed roller 7 to the fourth feed roller 22 are gradually changed from sharp teeth to flat teeth. The second feed roller 10, The rack teeth of the third feed roller 24 are the same, and the linear speeds of the four feed rollers increase sequentially to avoid the straw being blocked at the outlet of the auger 6. The output port of the stalk conveying device is connected with the feeding port of the rear chopper 12 .

As shown in Figure 4, the straw chopping and throwing device is mainly composed of a chopper 12 and a throwing cylinder 28, and the chopper adopts a straight blade obliquely mounted drum type chopper, including a moving knife 27, a fixed knife , the moving cutter disc 26 and the chopper housing 25, wherein the chopper housing 25 is installed around the whole chopper to play a protective role, the fixed knife is fixedly installed at the entrance of the chopper 12, and the moving knife 27 is installed On the movable cutter head, it rotates with the movable cutter head. When it rotates to the entrance of the chopper 12, the movable knife 27 interacts with the fixed knife to chop the straw. The throwing device 19 is a direct throwing throwing device. Tube 28, the throwing tube 28 can rotate, more convenient when making the grass collecting box to collect stalks, the entrance of the throwing tube 28 is connected with the outlet of the chopper 12, and the outlet of the throwing tube 28 is relative to the grass box. the

When the machine was working, the corn plants entered the ear-picking device under the introduction of the reel chain and the grain-dividing effect of the grain divider 29, and the ears were picked off under the extrusion of four pairs of ear-picking rollers 2 and the action of the spiral pull-down. The two ear-picking rollers 2 of every pair of ear-picking rollers 2 are not on the same longitudinal plane, and there is a certain height difference between the two, so the ears that are picked can slide smoothly into the scraper type ear elevator 30, and then The ears are transported to the ear collection auger 23, and the ear collection auger 23 collects the plucked ears into the ear elevator 20 on one side of the auger, and the ear elevator 20 transports the straw to the horizontal agitator above the peeling machine 15. Dragon 18, under the diversion action of horizontal auger 18, evenly falls into the peeling machine 15 for peeling, and the corn ears after peeling fall into the ear collection box 17, and the collection process of ears is completed; At the same time, the reciprocating straw cutting device 4 below cuts off the stalks from the root, and the cut corn stalks enter the rear straw collection auger 6 under the pull-down of the ear picking roller 2 and the joint action of the screw conveying. The output port is set in the center, and the auger blades 32 on both sides rotate in opposite directions to collect the corn stalks in the center, and the stalks are reversed by 90 degrees through the toothed straight plate 33 in the middle of the auger, and then the stalks are output into the straw conveying device. Some of the straw entering the straw conveying device enters obliquely, and through the action of four feeding rollers with increasing linear speed, the oblique straw is straightened to make the straw convey smoothly and avoid blockage. The straightened straw enters the straw chopping and throwing device, and the chopper 12 chops the straw under the interaction of the movable knife 27 and the fixed knife. The direction of the knife is vertical, so under the same power consumption, the chopping effect is the best; the chopped straw enters the grass collecting box through the throwing device 19, and completes the whole straw collection process. the

Claims (7)

1. the four lines fringe and stalk harvesting type corn harvester cutting bench developed of the utility model, be installed in the front portion of driver's cabin (21), comprise upper header and lower cutting table two parts, upper header is positioned at the top of lower cutting table, by upper header housing (1), ear-picking unit, spike collecting screw feeder (23) and ear or transport device (20) form, it is characterized in that: upper header housing (1) be positioned at whole upper header around, ear-picking unit is comprised of four pairs of snapping bars (2), every a pair of snapping bar (2) its rear end links to each other with two power take-offs of the harvesting case (31) that is installed in ceding of Taiwan rear portion, two snapping bars that form every pair of snapping bar (2) are arranged in parallel in fore-and-aft plane, and it is 30-50mm that two snapping bars (2) have individual difference in height in the vertical direction, on every pair of low snapping bar (2) right side drag-flight elvator (30) is set all, spike collecting screw feeder (23) is installed in the rear of ear-picking unit, side at spike collecting screw feeder (23) is the outlet of fruit ear screw feeder, be connected with the entrance of ear or transport device (20), the outlet of ear or transport device (20) is relative with the screw feeder of stripper (15) top; Lower cutting table mainly throws installation composition by lower cutting table housing (3), reciprocating type apparatus for cutting of straws (4), straw collecting screw feeder (6), straw conveyor and stalks cutting, wherein, lower cutting table housing (3) be positioned at lower cutting table around, reciprocating type apparatus for cutting of straws (4) is installed in the front end of lower cutting table, straw collecting screw feeder (6) is installed in back at reciprocating type apparatus for cutting of straws (4), in the middle of the delivery outlet of straw collecting screw feeder (6) is located at, be connected with the input port of straw conveyor, straw conveyor is comprised of 4 feeding rollers; The rear of straw conveyor is installed stalks cutting and is thrown device, by chopper (12) with throw device (19) and form, throws the left side that device (19) is installed in driver's cabin (21).

2. fringe and stalk harvesting type corn harvester cutting bench as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: lower cutting table is mainly by lower cutting table housing (3), reciprocating type apparatus for cutting of straws (4), straw collecting screw feeder (6), straw conveyor and stalks cutting throw installation composition, described lower cutting table housing (3) be arranged on whole lower cutting table around, inside in lower cutting table housing (3), reciprocating type apparatus for cutting of straws (4) is installed in the front end of lower cutting table, tilting ring box (5) is installed in left side at reciprocating type apparatus for cutting of straws (4), straw collecting screw feeder (6) is installed in back at reciprocating type apparatus for cutting of straws (4), in the middle of the delivery outlet of straw collecting screw feeder (6) is located at, be connected with the input port of straw conveyor, straw conveyor is comprised of 4 feeding rollers, the rear of straw conveyor is installed stalks cutting and is thrown device, by chopper (12) with throw device (19) and form.

3. fringe and stalk harvesting type corn harvester cutting bench as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: reciprocating type apparatus for cutting of straws (4) is installed in the front end of lower cutting table, tilting ring box (5) is installed in left side at reciprocating type apparatus for cutting of straws (4), straw collecting screw feeder (6) is installed at the rear, the straw conveyor front end and the straw collecting screw feeder (6) that are positioned at straw collecting screw feeder (6) rear join, and rear end and chopping and throwing mechanism join; Chopper (12) is installed in the below of driver's cabin (21), and a side of driver's cabin (21) is installed and thrown device (19).

4. fringe and stalk harvesting type corn harvester cutting bench as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: reciprocating type apparatus for cutting of straws (4) mainly is comprised of reciprocating type cutoff tool, reciprocating type cutoff tool comprises moving knife (35), stationary knife (34), movable knife rack, pressuring blade device (37) and guard (36), described stationary knife (34) is fixed on the lower cutting table housing (3), moving knife (35) is fixed on the movable knife rack, moving knife (35) is installed in the below of stationary knife (34) with movable knife rack, pressuring blade device (37) is installed in top at stationary knife (34), guard (36) is installed in the outermost of each reciprocal cutter, the left side in reciprocating type apparatus for cutting of straws (4), tilting ring box (5) is installed in the outside of lower cutting table housing (3).

5. fringe and stalk harvesting type corn harvester cutting bench as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: straw collecting screw feeder (6) is installed in the rear of reciprocating type apparatus for cutting of straws (4), the outlet of straw collecting screw feeder (6) is arranged on screw feeder central authorities, be connected with the entrance of the straw conveyor at rear, the rotation direction of both sides, screw feeder gateway screw feeder blades (32) is opposite, is the straight plate (33) with profile of tooth in the middle of the screw feeder.

6. fringe and stalk harvesting type corn harvester cutting bench as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: straw conveyor is installed in the rear of straw collecting screw feeder (6), formed by four different feeding rollers of diameter in the same plane, the stalk mode of movement that adopts single multiple roll to combine with smooth base plate, feeding roller adopts serrated roller, each feeding roller is welded with many tooth-arranging strips vertically, the first feeding roller (7) to the tooth bar profile of tooth of the 4th feeding roller (22) by pointed tooth to flat tooth gradual change, described the second feeding roller (10), the tooth bar profile of tooth of the 3rd feeding roller (24) is identical, the linear velocity of four feeding rollers increases successively, the input port of straw conveyor is connected with the delivery outlet of the straw collecting screw feeder (6) in the place ahead, and the delivery outlet of straw conveyor is connected with the feeding mouth of the chopper at rear (12).

7. fringe and stalk harvesting type corn harvester cutting bench as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: straw chopping apparatus adopts straight sword angle mount cylinder-type cutterhead (12), throw device (19) for straight throwing formula, and throw cylinder can according to the position rotation of grass cutting collection box dish out mouthful towards.

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