CN205546562U - Multifunctional corn harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a multifunctional corn harvester belongs to agricultural machine technical field, including chassis and power device, the front side on chassis is equipped with the fruit ear lift conveyer, the rear side on chassis is equipped with ear box, still including the device and the cleaning plant of threshing of skinning, skin the device with thresh the cleaning plant the two select one of which detachable install in between fruit ear lift conveyer and the ear box, the definition fore -and -aft direction is vertical, the cleaning plant of threshing transversely set up in on the chassis. The utility model provides a multifunctional corn harvester can enough gather in the crops the corn ear can gather in the crops maize seed grain again, the automobile body is short and small, and the operation is nimble, hard agglomeration and low cost.

Description

Multifunctional Corn Harvester

technical field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a multifunctional corn harvester.

Background technique

At present, corn harvesting includes ear harvesting and grain harvesting. The ear corn harvester completes corn ear picking, peeling, ear packing, and straw crushing and returning to the field in one operation. Ear harvesting is mainly suitable for harvesting early mature corn, and corn harvesting Finally, it exists in the form of bare ears, and subsequent drying, threshing, and cleaning are required, which wastes manpower and material resources; the corn grain harvester is mainly suitable for harvesting late-maturity corn, and can complete corn ear picking, threshing, grain cleaning, However, the current corn harvester cannot process the corn stalks after ear picking and threshed corn cobs. These stalks and corn cobs are left on the ground, which will affect the subsequent field cultivation operations.

Judging from the characteristics of the distribution area of the product, in the Central Plains and the Huanghuaihai region, when the corn is harvested, the moisture content of the ear is relatively high. At this time, it is not suitable for corn ear threshing. These areas use the ear harvesting machine with peeling function; while in the northeast and northwest In this area, the crop planting mode here is single-season planting, that is, only one crop is planted a year, and more than 80% of the land area is planted with corn. In this way, farmers have plenty of time to harvest corn. According to experience, the Corn matures around the beginning of October every year. Local farmers harvest ears in October, and harvest seeds from the end of October to November. Usually, the ears are allowed to dry naturally on the plants. When the moisture content of corn kernels is below 25% , using grain harvesting machinery for harvesting.

At present, the largest corn harvesting machine in the market is corn ear harvesting machine, which is composed of ear picking system, ear processing system, stalk processing system, power system, chassis system, electrical system, hydraulic system, body system, etc. The operation process of crop ear picking, peeling, ear packing, stem crushing and returning to the field, etc., is the first type of corn harvesting machine. After corn harvesting, corn ears exist in the form of bare ears, and subsequent drying and use of corn The threshing machine performs complicated tasks such as threshing and cleaning before it can be finally converted into commodities.

There is also a kind of corn harvesting machinery, which is corn grain harvesting machinery, which is composed of ear picking system, ear conveying system, threshing and cleaning system, power system, chassis system, electrical system, hydraulic system, body system, etc. It can realize the harvesting of corn kernels. Compared with the above-mentioned first type of products, many links in the commercialization of grain have been reduced. At present, most of these products are foreign brands, and they are mainly used in large farms in Heilongjiang Province. Due to the complete machine of this type of product The size is very large, which is not suitable for the characteristics of small plots in China. In addition, the product is expensive, and ordinary operators cannot afford it. Therefore, it is difficult for this kind of product to be popularized in the central plains and southern regions of China.

The third type of corn harvesting machine is also a corn grain harvesting machine, which is generally refitted from a wheat harvesting machine. The main machine of the wheat machine is borrowed, and the corn harvesting machine is realized by replacing the special header, threshing drum, concave plate and cleaning screen for corn harvesting. Harvesting of grains; although one machine can be used for multiple purposes, it can harvest both wheat and corn, but the replacement of these parts is very troublesome, and the effect of grain harvesting is also very poor, and the rate of grain loss and grain breakage is difficult to meet National standard requirements. The special vertical axial flow grain harvester works best when harvesting corn kernels, and all enterprises use this method for research and development.

From the above description of the common corn harvesting machines currently on the market, it can be seen that the disadvantage of the first type of product is that it cannot realize the harvesting of corn kernels; the disadvantage of the second type of product is that it does not adapt to the characteristics of small plots in China. The price is expensive and it is difficult to popularize; the disadvantages of the third type of products are: the replacement of parts is cumbersome, the harvesting effect of corn kernels is poor, and the stalks cannot be crushed and returned to the field.

Therefore, there is an urgent need in the market for a multi-functional corn harvesting machine that can harvest not only corn ears but also corn grains. It can be used for both purposes, and can harvest ears in the early stage and grains in the late stage, so that the operation cycle of car buyers can be extended. Maximize the user's benefits, and at the same time complete the crushing of corn stalks and corncobs to meet the needs of farming in the field.

Utility model content

The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is: to provide a multifunctional corn harvester, which can harvest both corn ears and corn grains; the body is short and flexible; and the cost is low.

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution of the utility model is: a multifunctional corn harvester, including a chassis and a power unit, the front side of the chassis is provided with an ear elevator, and the rear side of the chassis is provided with an ear box, It also includes a peeling device and a threshing and cleaning device, and one of the peeling device and the threshing and cleaning device is detachably installed between the ear elevator and the ear box; the front and rear directions are defined as the longitudinal direction, and the threshing device The cleaning device is horizontally arranged on the chassis.

As an improvement, the ear box includes a miscellaneous collection box and an ear grain collection box, and a partition is provided between the miscellaneous collection box and the ear grain collection box; Corn cobs and waste lifting devices are arranged between the waste collection boxes of the ear boxes.

As a further improvement, a waste discharge valve is provided on the waste collection box.

As an improvement, the threshing and cleaning device includes a threshing drum, a concave plate, a cleaning fan, a cleaning screen, a grain conveying auger and a grain lifting device, and the threshing drum is arranged horizontally; The concave plate, the cleaning sieve and the cleaning fan are arranged under the concave plate, the grain conveying auger is arranged under the cleaning sieve, and the grain conveying auger is connected to the grain lifting device, the grain outlet of the grain lifting device is connected to the ear box.

As a further improvement, the power device includes an engine output shaft, an intermediate transmission shaft and a reversing gearbox, and the engine output shaft and the intermediate transmission shaft are connected through a first belt transmission mechanism; the intermediate transmission shaft and the The threshing cylinders are connected through a second belt transmission mechanism, and the intermediate transmission shaft and the input end of the reversing gear box are connected through a third belt transmission mechanism; the output end of the reversing gear box is connected to the The cleaning fans are connected through the fourth belt transmission mechanism, the output end of the reversing gear box and the grain conveying auger are connected through the first chain transmission mechanism, and the output end of the reversing gear box The output end is connected to the cleaning screen through a second chain transmission mechanism.

After adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the beneficial effect of the utility model is:

Since the multifunctional corn harvester includes a peeling device and a threshing and cleaning device, the peeling device and the threshing and cleaning device are detachably installed between the ear elevator and the ear box, so the peeling device The threshing and cleaning device is designed as two independent modules. When corn ears need to be harvested, the peeling device is installed between the ear elevator and the ear box, and when corn kernels need to be harvested, the peeling device is removed and The threshing and cleaning device is installed between the ear elevator and the ear box, and through the exchange of modules, the dual functions of ear harvesting and direct grain harvesting are realized, that is, one machine with two functions is realized, which prolongs the operation cycle of the car buyer and increases the increase user benefits; and because the threshing and cleaning device is horizontally arranged on the chassis, the length of the whole machine is shortened, the body is short, and the operation is flexible, which is especially suitable for the characteristics of planting in small plots in the north and south of China; at the same time, the multifunctional The corn harvester is based on the existing corn harvester, adding a threshing and cleaning device to realize the dual functions of ear harvesting and grain direct harvesting, and the manufacturing cost is low. The multifunctional corn harvester provided by the utility model can harvest not only corn ears but also corn grains; the vehicle body is short and flexible; and the cost is low.

Since the ear box includes a miscellaneous collection box and an ear grain collection box, a partition is provided between the miscellaneous collection box and the ear grain collection box, and the miscellaneous outlet of the threshing and cleaning device is connected to the ear box. The corn cob and waste lifting device are installed between the waste collection boxes, so the threshed corn cob and other waste discharged from the waste discharge port of the threshing cleaning device can be transported to the waste collection through the corn cob and waste lifting device Box to realize the collection of threshed corncobs and other debris.

Because the miscellaneous discharge valve is provided on the said miscellaneous collection box, the corn cob and miscellaneous waste can be easily unloaded through the miscellaneous discharge valve.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the utility model;

Fig. 2 is A-A sectional view among Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of ear box;

Fig. 4 is the structural representation of threshing cleaning device;

Fig. 5 is the structural representation of peeling device;

In the figure: 1, chassis, 11, bolt, 2, power unit, 21, engine output shaft, 22, intermediate transmission shaft, 23, reversing gear box, 24, first belt transmission mechanism, 25, second belt transmission mechanism , 26, the third belt transmission mechanism, 27, the fourth belt transmission mechanism, 28, the first chain transmission mechanism, 29, the second chain transmission mechanism, 3, fruit ear elevator, 4, fruit ear box, 41, miscellaneous collection Box, 42, ear grain collection box, 43, clapboard, 44, miscellaneous discharge valve, 5, peeling device, 51, peeling roller, 52, pressure feeding device, 6, threshing cleaning device, 61, threshing cylinder, 62, Concave plate, 63, cleaning fan, 64, cleaning sieve, 65, grain conveying auger, 66, grain lifting device, 7, corn cob and miscellaneous lifting device, 71, conveyor belt, 8, fruit ear uniform distribution device.

detailed description

In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the utility model clearer, the utility model will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the utility model, and are not intended to limit the utility model.

Commonly shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, a kind of multifunctional corn harvester comprises chassis 1 and power unit 2, and the front side of chassis 1 is provided with ear elevator 3, certainly, the rear side of ear elevator 3 also has An ear uniform distribution device 8 is provided, and an ear box 4 is provided on the rear side of the chassis 1, which also includes a peeling device 5 and a threshing and cleaning device 6, and one of the peeling device 5 and the threshing and cleaning device 6 is detachably installed on the Between the ear elevator 3 and the ear box 4, preferably, the peeling device 5 and the threshing and cleaning device 6 are detachably installed between the ear elevator 3 and the ear box 4 through bolts 11 respectively; the front and rear directions are defined as longitudinal , The threshing and cleaning device 6 is horizontally arranged on the chassis 1 .

As shown in Figure 3, ear box 4 comprises miscellaneous collection box 41 and fruit ear grain collection box 42, is provided with dividing plate 43 between miscellaneous collection box 41 and fruit ear grain collection box 42; Corncob and the miscellaneous lifting device 7 are arranged between the miscellaneous collection box 41 of the fruit ear box 4, and the above-mentioned corn cob and the miscellaneous hoisting device 7 include a conveyor belt 71, and the threshing can be cleared by the corn cob and the miscellaneous hoisting device 7. The threshed corncobs and other debris discharged from the miscellaneous discharge port of the selection device 6 are transported to the debris collection box 41 to realize the collection of the threshed corncobs and other debris.

In order to unload corncobs and miscellaneous easily, the miscellaneous collection box 41 is provided with miscellaneous discharge valve 44, and as a kind of preferred mode, miscellaneous discharge valve 44 is arranged on the grain unloading mouth of ear box 4 (not shown in the figure) ) dorsal side.

As shown in Figure 4, above-mentioned threshing cleaning device 6 comprises threshing drum 61, concave plate 62, cleaning fan 63, cleaning sieve 64, grain conveying auger 65 and grain lifting device 66, and threshing drum 61 is horizontally arranged; The bottom of 61 is provided with concave plate 62, and the bottom of concave plate 62 is provided with cleaning screen 64 and cleaning fan 63, and the bottom of cleaning screen 64 is provided with grain delivery auger 65, and grain delivery auger 65 is connected with grain lifting device 66 , the grain outlet of the grain lifting device 66 is connected to the ear box 4.

1 and 2, the power plant 2 includes an engine output shaft 21, an intermediate transmission shaft 22 and a reversing gear box 23, and the engine output shaft 21 and the intermediate transmission shaft 22 are connected through a first belt transmission mechanism 24; the intermediate transmission The shaft 22 and the threshing cylinder 61 are connected through the second belt transmission mechanism 25, and the intermediate transmission shaft 22 and the input end of the reversing gear box 23 are connected through the third belt transmission mechanism 26; the output of the reversing gear box 23 end and the cleaning fan 63 through the fourth belt transmission mechanism 27 transmission connection, between the output end of the reversing gear box 23 and the grain conveying auger 65 through the first chain transmission mechanism 28 transmission connection, the reversing gear box 23 The output end is connected to the cleaning screen 64 through the second chain transmission mechanism 29 .

Above-mentioned threshing drum 61, concave plate 62, cleaning fan 63, cleaning screen 64, grain conveying auger 65, grain lifting device 66 and reversing gear box 23 are all known technologies in the art, and will not be repeated here.

The first belt transmission mechanism 24, the second belt transmission mechanism 25, the third belt transmission mechanism 26 and the fourth belt transmission mechanism 27 respectively comprise two pulleys and a belt which is arranged around the two pulleys, which is a technology in the art People are well known, and will not go into details here; above-mentioned first chain transmission mechanism 28 and second chain transmission mechanism 29 respectively comprise two sprockets and the chain that surrounds and is arranged between two described sprockets, and those skilled in the art It is well known and will not be repeated here.

As shown in Figure 5, the above-mentioned peeling device 5 includes a peeling roller 51, a pressure feeding device 52, a grain cleaning device (not marked in the figure) and a grain recovery tank (not marked in the figure), and its specific structure is a technology in the art It is well known by personnel and will not be repeated here.

Its working process is as follows:

When corn ears need to be harvested, the corn harvester adopts peeling device 5. When harvesting corn ears, the corn plants are separated by the grain divider of the corn harvester, and the ears are picked by the ear picking mechanism of the corn harvester. The ear elevator 3 is transported to the peeling mechanism 5, the peeling roller 51 and the pressure feeding device 52 of the peeling mechanism 5 peel the ears and remove the bracts, and the peeled ears enter the ear box 4 under the action of the pressure feeding device 52 , the peeled corn husks are cleaned by the grain cleaning device, and the corn stalks are returned to the field by the straw returning device of the corn harvester.

When it is necessary to harvest corn kernels, the peeling device 5 is removed, and the threshing and cleaning device 6 is installed between the ear elevator 3 and the ear box 4, and the corn ears are transported to the threshing machine by the ear uniform distribution device 8 of the corn harvester. The drum 61 completes threshing under the impact of the nail teeth of the threshing drum 61 on the ears and the friction between the ears, between the ears and the threshing drum 61, and the concave plate 62, and the threshed corn kernels fall to the cleaning screen 64, under the action of cleaning screen 64 and cleaning fan 63, the cleaning of corn kernels is completed, and the cleaned corn kernels fall into the grain conveying auger 65, and are transported under the action of the grain conveying auger 65. Transported to the grain lifting device 66, and the grain is transported to the ear grain collection box 42 of the ear box 4 by the grain lifting device 66; the corn cob and other debris after threshing are transported to the threshing cleaning machine under the action of the threshing drum 61. Select the other side of device 6, and by corncob and miscellaneous lifting device 7, it is delivered in the miscellaneous collection box 41 of fruit ear box 4. The corn stalks that have picked the ears are cut off from the root by the stalk crushing working parts. When the stalks are cut off, the airflow generated by the high-speed rotation of the crushing working parts will lift them up. The crushing working parts in the rear row strike continuously, and the chopped stalks are driven by the strong airflow generated by the crushing working parts, and are sprayed and scattered on the ground behind the returning machine.

The above-mentioned peeling device 5 and threshing and cleaning device 6 are designed as two independent modules. When it is necessary to harvest corn ears, the peeling device 5 is installed between the ear elevator 3 and the ear box 4, and when the corn ears need to be harvested At the same time, the peeling device 5 is removed, and the threshing and cleaning device 6 is installed between the ear elevator 3 and the ear box 4. Through the exchange of modules, the dual functions of ear harvesting and grain direct harvesting are realized, that is, a The machine is dual-purpose, prolonging the operation cycle of the car purchaser and increasing the user's income; and because the threshing and cleaning device 6 is arranged horizontally on the chassis 1, the length of the whole machine is shortened, the body is short, and the operation is flexible. The characteristics of field planting; at the same time, the multifunctional corn harvester is based on the existing corn harvester, adding a threshing and cleaning device 6 to realize the dual functions of ear harvesting and direct grain harvesting, and the manufacturing cost is low.

The multifunctional corn harvester provided by the utility model can harvest not only corn ears but also corn grains; the vehicle body is short and flexible; and the cost is low.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present utility model, and are not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model shall be included in this utility model. within the scope of protection of utility models.

Claims (5)

1. Multifunctional harvester for corn, including chassis and power set, the front side on described chassis is provided with fruit ear liter Fortune device, the rear side on described chassis is provided with fruit-ear box, it is characterised in that also include apparatus for peeling off and threshing and cleaning Device, both described apparatus for peeling off and threshing cleaning unit are selected one and are mounted at described fruit cluster delivering Between device and fruit-ear box；Definition fore-and-aft direction is that longitudinally described threshing cleaning unit is horizontally set at the described end On dish.

Multifunctional harvester for corn the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described fruit ear case and bag Include miscellaneous remaining collecting box and fruit ear seed collecting box, described miscellaneous remaining set between collecting box and fruit ear seed collecting box There is dividing plate；It is provided with Semen Maydis between impurity discharging port and the miscellaneous remaining collecting box of described fruit-ear box of described threshing cleaning unit Core and miscellaneous remaining lifting device.

Multifunctional harvester for corn the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described miscellaneous remaining collection Case is provided with impurities removal valve.

4. according to the Multifunctional harvester for corn described in claim 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterised in that described Threshing cleaning unit includes threshing cylinder, notch board, cleaning fan, sorting screen, seed conveying screw feeder and seed Lifting device, described threshing cylinder horizontally set；The lower section of described threshing cylinder is provided with described notch board, described The lower section of notch board is provided with described sorting screen and cleaning fan, and the lower section of described sorting screen is provided with the conveying of described seed Screw feeder, described seed conveying screw feeder connects described seed lifting device, the grain export of described seed lifting device Connect described fruit-ear box.

Multifunctional harvester for corn the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that described power set Including engine output shaft, intermediate propeller shaft and reversing gear box；

It is in transmission connection by the first tape handler between described engine output shaft and intermediate propeller shaft；

It is in transmission connection by the second tape handler between described intermediate propeller shaft and described threshing cylinder, described It is in transmission connection by the 3rd tape handler between the input of intermediate propeller shaft and described reversing gear box；

Between outfan and the described cleaning fan of described reversing gear box by the 4th tape handler transmission even Connect, by the first chain-drive mechanism transmission between the outfan of described reversing gear box and described seed conveying screw feeder Connect, be in transmission connection by the second chain-drive mechanism between outfan and the described sorting screen of described reversing gear box.