CN218514860U - Exempt from to maintain arid mine nursery stock and transplant kind plant hole structure - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a maintenance-free arid mine nursery stock transplanting plant hole structure, include and lay prevention of seepage membrane, thick gravel layer, guarantor's water layer, soil horizon, micropore plastic film in planting the plant hole from bottom to top in proper order. The impermeable membrane has the characteristics of impermeability and degradability, and the tray type design enables the center of the impermeable membrane to form a water storage cavity and accumulates water in gaps of coarse gravels; the coarse gravel is connected with the moisture retention layer through the water guide rod, so that the moisture retention layer can keep higher water content, and sufficient water is provided for plant growth; the microporous mulching film has the characteristics of permeating water and inhibiting water evaporation, and the lower concave shape can converge rainwater and accelerate the penetration into the lower soil; the fine gravel layer covers the soil and shields the direct irradiation of the sun, so that the evaporation of water is further weakened; the utility model discloses make kind plant hole have the function of water storage and water retention, can make the very big reduction manual irrigation number of times of transplanting the nursery stock, can rely on natural rainfall to keep higher nursery stock survival rate.

Description

Exempt from to maintain arid mine nursery stock and transplant kind plant hole structure

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of the mine vegetation resumes, concretely relates to exempt from to maintain arid mine nursery stock and transplant kind plant hole structure.

Background

The Chinese ecological civilization construction in the new period has been changed from GDP priority to top-level design of ecological priority and green development. The area of mine restoration for national treatment in the thirteen-five period is about 400 ten thousand mu, 1000 more than ten thousand hectares for sand prevention and sand control are completed, and the forest coverage rate reaches 23.04 percent. Meanwhile, the aim that the forest coverage rate reaches 24.1% in the fourteen-five period is provided.

In the mine vegetation restoration work, seedling planting is the most common technical measure. The seedling age varies from 1 year to 5 years, and economic crops are planted uniformly in some cases in combination with local economic construction. Later maintenance is a key factor for improving the survival rate of the nursery stocks, but generally, maintenance measures are gradually stopped after project construction is finished due to economic investment and geographical positions. In addition to climate adaptation factors, this is an important reason leading to lower survival rates of the seedlings. Besides the seedling revival stage, the transplanted seedlings need to have a certain time to develop and expand root systems so as to adapt to the absorption capacity in the soil of arid regions. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a nursery stock transplanting planting hole structure of a maintenance-free drought mine, which does not depend on artificial maintenance and has the functions of water storage and water retention.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

An object of the utility model is to provide a exempt from to maintain arid mine nursery stock and transplant kind plant hole structure.

The utility model aims at realizing the method, comprising the steps of sequentially laying an anti-seepage film 1, a coarse gravel layer 2, a water-retaining layer 3, a soil layer 4 and a microporous mulching film 5 in a planting hole from bottom to top, wherein the anti-seepage film 1 is in a tray shape and forms a water storage cavity, the surface of the soil layer 4 is provided with an arc-shaped groove, the microporous mulching film 5 is concave and is laid in the arc-shaped groove of the soil layer 4, fine gravel layers 6 are filled on the microporous mulching film 5, a plurality of water guide rods 8 are arranged and are respectively vertically buried in the coarse gravel layer 2 and the water-retaining layer 3, and an accelerating infiltration opening 7 is arranged on the surface of the lowest mulching film near the center of the microporous mulching film 5; the microporous mulching film 5 is a PE film with holes regularly punched, the aperture and the number of the holes of which can be customized, and has the functions of moisture preservation, heat preservation, air permeability and water permeability; the water guide rod is a water absorption rod made of natural cotton, and can be communicated with the water storage cavity and the water retention layer, so that the reverse flow of water is promoted, and the higher water retention rate of the water retention layer is maintained.

Preferably, the impermeable membrane 1 is a degradable environment-friendly impermeable membrane, and has the advantages of environmental protection and no pollution, the height of the upward folding edge of the impermeable membrane 1 is 10-20cm, and the specific height can be flexibly selected according to the requirement of water storage capacity.

Preferably, the coarse gravel layer 2 is one or more of gravels, waste soil and stones and construction waste, wherein the waste soil and stones and the construction waste are all waste, and the crushed waste is used as the coarse gravel layer, so that the cost can be reduced, and the coarse gravel layer is more environment-friendly.

Preferably, the particle size of the coarse gravel layer 2 is 5-10mm.

Preferably, the water retention layer 3 is sponge crumbs, a water retention agent and sieved silt in a mass ratio of 1~3:1~5:100, the specific proportion of the mixture obtained by mixing can be flexibly selected by the person skilled in the art according to the needs; for the bonded layer 3, only a water-retaining agent may be used; the water-retaining agent is a common product for agricultural planting, and the main component of the water-retaining agent is high water-absorbent resin which has the functions of repeatedly absorbing and releasing water.

Preferably, the thickness of the water retention layer 3 is 10 to 20 percent of the diameter of the soil ball of the root of the seedling.

Preferably, the thickness of the soil layer 4 opposite to the soil ball at the root of the seedling is 15 to 30cm.

Preferably, the accelerating water seepage port 7 is provided with a plurality of accelerating water seepage ports 7 which are distributed around the tree trunk of the seedling, and the accelerating water seepage ports 7 further accelerate water seepage.

Preferably, the fine gravel layer 6 is one or more of coarse sand, waste soil and rock, and coal slag.

Preferably, the particle size of the fine gravel layer 6 is 0.5 to 5mm.

The utility model has the advantages that:

1. the utility model utilizes a two-stage water storage structure, wherein the first-stage water storage structure is a water storage cavity of a coarse gravel layer at the bottom of a planting hole, the second-stage water storage structure is a water retention layer, and water guide rods are distributed between the two-stage structures, so that the water retention layer has the advantage of water source supply and keeps higher water saturation for a long time, thereby keeping the upper soil moist through water permeation;

2. the utility model utilizes a two-stage water-retaining structure, the one-stage water-retaining structure is a fine gravel layer on the surface layer, the permeability is better, and the utility model also has the function of shading, and the evaporation loss of water is reduced; the secondary water-retaining structure is a microporous mulching film, has the functions of ventilation, water retention, heat preservation and one-way permeation, and is provided with an accelerating water seepage port for accelerating the permeation of water during rainfall;

3. the utility model discloses the function and the advantage of plant hole only provide 1~2 years the effect can, the purpose is in order to let the nursery stock in arid mine and avoid under the condition of artifical maintenance, can pass through the seedling reviving phase smoothly to have certain time to go to develop and expand the root system, with the absorptive capacity of adaptation in arid district soil, thereby improve the survival rate of nursery stock.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

in the figure: 1-impermeable membrane, 2-coarse gravel layer, 3-water retention layer, 4-soil layer, 5-microporous mulching film, 6-fine gravel layer, 7-accelerated water seepage port, 8-water guide rod and 9-seedling root soil ball.

Detailed Description

The following description of the present invention is provided with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and any alterations or replacements made based on the teachings of the present invention are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1

The utility model discloses a show as attached figure 1 the utility model discloses a lay impervious film 1, coarse gravel layer 2, guarantor's water layer 3, soil horizon 4, micropore plastic film 5 in planting the cave from bottom to top in proper order, the planting cave is wholly cylindricly, and the upper and lower base footpath is 70-90cm, and the degree of depth is 70-90cm, impervious film 1 is the tray form, forms the water storage chamber, and the height that impervious film 1 edge upwards rolled up is 10 to 20cm, is fixed in on planting the cave wall, coarse gravel layer 2 is the grit, and the particle diameter is 3 to 10mm, and thickness 7cm, guarantor's water layer 3 is sponge piece, water-retaining agent and the silt that sieves according to the quality proportion and is 1:1:100, the thickness of a water retaining layer 3 is 10 to 20 percent of the diameter of a soil ball at the root of a seedling, an arc-shaped groove is formed in the surface of a soil layer 4, a microporous mulching film 5 is concave and laid in the arc-shaped groove of the soil layer 4, the thickness of the soil layer 4 opposite to the soil ball at the root of the seedling is 15cm, a fine stone gravel layer 6 is filled on the microporous mulching film 5, the fine stone gravel layer 6 is coarse sand, the particle size of the fine stone gravel layer is 0.5 to 5mm, a plurality of water guide rods 8 are arranged and vertically embedded in a coarse gravel layer 2 and the water retaining layer 3 respectively, four accelerating water seepage ports 7 are formed in the surface of the mulching film close to the lowest position in the center of the microporous mulching film 5, and the four accelerating water seepage ports 7 are distributed around the trunk of the seedling.

Example 2

The utility model discloses go on according to following construction method:

s1, excavating planting holes and leveling soil at the bottoms of the planting holes;

s2, paving an impermeable membrane 1, wherein the edge is 20cm high;

s3, paving the coarse gravel in the impermeable membrane 1 to form a coarse gravel layer 2 which becomes a water storage cavity and has a supporting function, and vertically inserting the water guide rod 8 into the coarse gravel layer 2;

s4, covering a layer of water-retaining agent which submerges the water guide rod 8 to form a water-retaining layer 3;

s5, covering a layer of soil of 10cm, placing the seedling soil ball, and then re-burying the soil to enable the soil surface layer to be 15cm higher than the surface of the seedling soil ball, and paving the surface into an arc groove shape with a low middle part and a high periphery to form a soil layer 4;

s6, paving a microporous mulching film 5, and inserting a plurality of small holes close to the trunk of the tree to form accelerated seepage holes 7;

s7, paving a layer of fine gravel on the uppermost layer, wherein the thickness of the fine gravel is 2cm.

The utility model discloses theory of operation and working process: firstly digging a planting hole, then paving an impermeable membrane 1, and enabling the edge of the impermeable membrane 1 to be upward to form a tray shape; then laying a coarse gravel layer 2 in the tray, inserting a water guide rod 8 into the coarse gravel layer 2, and then laying a water retention layer 3 on the coarse gravel layer 2; then paving a part of soil on the water-retaining layer 3, transplanting the seedlings into the planting holes and continuously filling the seedlings into the soil to form an arc groove shape on the soil layer 4, and then paving a microporous mulching film 5 in the arc groove shape; then filling a fine gravel layer 6 on the microporous mulching film 5; the water storage cavity formed by the impermeable membrane 1 is matched with the coarse gravel layer 2 and the water retention layer 3 to ensure that the bottom of the planting hole keeps higher water saturation for a long time, and the water guide rod 8 is used for conveying water in the coarse gravel layer 2 upwards; the water in the water-retaining layer 3 is continuously released and keeps the soil layer moist, so that the normal growth of the nursery stock is ensured; the fine gravel layer 6 and the microporous mulching film 5 play a role in water retention, reduce water evaporation, accelerate the water seepage port 7 to play a role in water seepage, and ensure that rainfall can enter the impermeable film 1, the coarse gravel layer 2 and the water retention layer 3.

Claims (7)

1. The utility model provides a maintenance-free arid mine nursery stock transplanting plant hole structure, its characterized in that includes lays prevention of seepage membrane (1), boulder layer (2), guarantor's water layer (3), soil horizon (4), micropore plastic film (5) from bottom to top in proper order in planting the hole, prevention of seepage membrane (1) is the tray form, forms the water storage chamber, and soil horizon (4) surface is equipped with the arc recess, and micropore plastic film (5) are recessed form and lay in the arc recess of soil horizon (4), and boulder layer (6) are filled out on micropore plastic film (5), and water guide rod (8) have a plurality ofly, vertically bury underground respectively in boulder layer (2) and guarantor's water layer (3), open at the plastic film surface that is close to the central minimum of micropore plastic film (5) and have with higher speed infiltration mouth (7).

2. The maintenance-free drought mine nursery stock transplanting planting hole structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the impermeable membrane (1) is a degradable environment-friendly impermeable membrane, and the height of the impermeable membrane (1) folded upwards from the edge is 10-20cm.

3. The maintenance-free drought mine seedling transplantation planting hole structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the particle size of the coarse gravel layer (2) is 5-10 mm.

4. The maintenance-free drought mine seedling transplanting planting hole structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the thickness of the water retention layer (3) is 10 to 20% of the diameter of a soil ball at the root of the seedling.

5. The maintenance-free drought mine nursery stock transplanting planting hole structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the thickness of the soil layer (4) opposite to the soil ball at the root of the nursery stock is 15-30cm.

6. The maintenance-free drought mine nursery stock transplanting hole planting structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the plurality of accelerating water seepage ports (7) are distributed around the nursery stock trunk.

7. The maintenance-free drought mine nursery stock transplanting hole planting structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the particle size of the gravel pack (6) is 0.5-5 mm.

Images