CN210394109U

CN210394109U - Earthworm reactor

Info

Publication number: CN210394109U
Application number: CN201921212925.7U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 胡修韧; 边博; 田甘沛; 沈悦
Original assignee: Nanjing Normal University
Current assignee: Nanjing University; Nanjing Normal University
Priority date: 2019-07-30
Filing date: 2019-07-30
Publication date: 2020-04-24
Anticipated expiration: 2029-07-30

Abstract

The utility model discloses an earthworm reactor, which comprises a reactor main box body, a sludge treatment box and an earthworm habitat bed, wherein the sludge treatment box and the earthworm habitat bed are positioned in the reactor main box body; the earthworm perching bed is positioned below the sludge treatment box and comprises a wood shaving sawdust isolation and filtration layer, a powder sawdust isolation and filtration layer, a monofilament filter layer, a sand grain supplement layer, an earthworm cast main body layer and a decomposed cow dung nutrition layer which are sequentially paved upwards from the bottom of a main box body of the reactor; the top of the reactor main box body is provided with a reactor mesh cover for opening and closing, the side surface of the bottom of the reactor main box body is provided with a filtrate collecting device, and filtrate filtered from the inside of the reactor is collected through a pipeline. The upper part of the sludge treatment box is opened, the bottom of the sludge treatment box is in contact with the decomposed cow dung nutrition layer, and a group of holes with the diameter of 2-6mm are formed, so that earthworms can conveniently enter the sludge treatment box to eat. The utility model discloses earthworm reactor can produce a large amount of finished product earthworms, high quality earthworm cast fertilizer and earthworm filtrating.

Description

Earthworm reactor

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a method for sludge treatment and resource utilization, in particular to a novel earthworm reactor.

Background

At present, the scale of sludge in sewage treatment plants is getting larger and larger, and the sludge may contain toxic and harmful substances such as pathogens, heavy metals, persistent organic matters and the like, so that secondary pollution is easily caused to the environment such as underground water, soil, air and the like, and huge ecological environmental pressure is formed. The method for performing harmless treatment on the sludge by using landfill, incineration, composting, high-temperature fermentation and biogas engineering modes is a commonly adopted treatment method, but secondary pollution is easily caused when the sludge is treated by the landfill, incineration and other methods, and the sludge cannot be completely degraded by fermentation final materials of the sludge treated by the landfill, high-temperature fermentation and biogas engineering modes. The earthworm is an animal with the function of environmental protection, and the biological harmless treatment technology based on the earthworm is a potential sustainable environment-friendly treatment technology. The sludge is converted into active substances which are easy to utilize by self or other organisms under the action of protease, lipolytic enzyme, cellulase and amylase in the intestinal tracts of the earthworms through the digestion system of the earthworms, the environmental hazard of heavy metals in the sludge is reduced through the enrichment effect of the earthworms on the heavy metals and the like, and simultaneously the generated earthworm protein, amino acid and the like can not cause secondary pollution to the environment, so that the sludge can be harmlessly treated more efficiently and thoroughly. However, most of the existing sludge treatment technologies for earthworms have the problems of large occupied area, low treatment efficiency, odor diffusion, mosquito breeding and the like, so that the popularization of sludge treatment by earthworms is greatly hindered.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

Utility model purpose: to the earthworm treatment cycle that exists among the prior art long, area is big, mosquito breeds and foul smell scheduling problem, the application provides a novel earthworm reactor. The device combines the physicochemical property of sludge, the characteristic of earthworm treatment and the physiological habit of earthworms to carry out sludge treatment, and has the characteristics of continuously treating 20 batches or more of sludge by throwing earthworms once, having high treatment efficiency, being capable of treating various kinds of sludge, earthworm feces and finished earthworms and being convenient for collecting and the like.

In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model discloses the technical scheme who takes as follows:

an earthworm reactor comprises a reactor main box body, a sludge treatment box and an earthworm habitat bed, wherein the sludge treatment box and the earthworm habitat bed are positioned in the reactor main box body; the earthworm habitat bed is positioned below the sludge treatment box and comprises a wood shaving sawdust isolation and filtration layer, a powder sawdust isolation and filtration layer, a monofilament filter cloth layer, a sand grain supplement layer, an earthworm excrement main body layer and a decomposed cow excrement nutrition layer which are sequentially laid upwards from the bottom of a main box body of the reactor;

the top of the reactor main tank body is provided with a reactor mesh cover for opening and closing, the side surface of the bottom of the reactor main tank body is provided with a filtrate collecting device, and earthworm filtrate filtered from the inside of the reactor is collected through a pipeline.

The upper part of the sludge treatment box is opened, the bottom of the sludge treatment box is in contact with the decomposed cow dung nutrition layer, and a group of holes with the diameter of 2-6mm are formed, so that earthworms can conveniently enter the sludge treatment box to take food, and meanwhile, sludge to be treated is isolated from the original living area of the earthworms, and the sludge is prevented from staying in toxic substances for a long time.

Furthermore, the bottom of the earthworm cast main body layer is provided with a ventilation pipeline which is externally connected with an aeration device, and the ventilation pipeline is provided with air holes to provide oxygen and a movable attachment surface for earthworms, so that the environment capacity and the activity of the earthworms are increased.

Further, the earthworm reactors can be used in combination; when the device is combined, each ventilation pipeline (6) is connected in series with a group of earthworm reactors, and the ventilation pipelines (6) sequentially penetrate through the insides of the earthworm reactors; the aeration pipeline (6) of each group of reactors is connected with an aeration device (12) through a common aeration pipe (13); the filtrate collecting device (11) of each group of reactors is connected with a filtrate storage tank (14) through a common filtrate collecting pipe (15). When combined, is used for simultaneously treating more sludge.

Specifically, the diameter of the main box body of the reactor is 15-70cm, the height is 25-50cm, and the wall thickness is 0.5-4 mm; the diameter of the sludge treatment box is 26-66cm, the height is 5-25cm, and the wall thickness is 0.5-4 mm. The shape of the main box body of the reactor can be cylindrical or polygonal.

Specifically, the wood shaving sawdust isolation and filtration layer is filled with wood shaving sawdust with the thickness of 1-3 cm; the powder sawdust isolation and filtration layer is filled with powder sawdust with the thickness of 1-3 cm; the monofilament filter cloth layer is a single-layer monofilament filter cloth; the sand grain supplement layer is filled with fine sand grains with the thickness of 0.5-2 cm; the wormcast body layer is filled with wormcast with the thickness of 5-9 cm; the decomposed cow dung nutrition layer is filled with cow dung with the thickness of 0.5-2 cm. The wood shavings and the powder wood shavings can be used for filtering earthworm filtrate generated in the earthworm composting process, and the filtered earthworm filtrate is a good natural soil conditioner and pesticide. The single-layer monofilament filter cloth filters earthworm filtrate generated in the earthworm composting process and prevents earthworms from escaping downwards. Make reactor bottom space possess bigger air capacity under the combined action of wood shavings saw-dust isolation layer, powder saw-dust isolation layer and monofilament filter cloth layer, improve earthworm activity. The fineness modulus of the fine sand grains is 2.2-1.6, so that newly bred earthworms can swallow the fine sand grains to enter a body cavity, the earthworms can digest food by themselves, and the processing speed is improved. The earthworm cast is used for providing the most comfortable living environment for earthworms, improving the earthworm accommodating capacity and the earthworm survival rate in the reactor, and enabling newly-added earthworms to adapt to the environment in the reactor as soon as possible and start to reproduce and develop. The cow dung provides food for the breeding and development of the earthworms before the sludge treatment is started. The sand grain supplement layer, the wormcast main body layer and the decomposed cow dung nutrition layer provide the best living environment and material conditions for the earthworms to treat the sludge, and the sludge treatment rate of the earthworms can be greatly improved under the combined action.

Preferably, the net cover of the reactor is a 15-mesh breathable gauze, so that mosquitoes can be prevented from flying into the reactor to lay eggs and propagate in the treatment process, and the problem of mosquito propagation in the sludge treatment process by earthworms is effectively solved.

Has the advantages that:

the utility model discloses earthworm reactor is rational in infrastructure, and area is little, the treatment effeciency is high, and can handle great sludge volume through a plurality of reactors concatenation, and once put in earthworm can handle 20 batches and above mud in succession, and the product collection such as earthworm cast, earthworm filtrating and finished product earthworm is more convenient simultaneously, can also effectively avoid the odor dispersion and the mosquito breeding problem in earthworm treatment sludge process; is suitable for the treatment of various kinds of sludge, and does not produce secondary pollution; the activity of the earthworms can be greatly improved, the earthworm loss is reduced, and a large amount of finished earthworms, high-quality earthworm cast organic fertilizer and earthworm filtrate are produced; low investment and operation cost, wide application range, and good economic, environmental and social benefits.

Drawings

These and/or other advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of the present invention when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and the following detailed description.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the earthworm reactor of the utility model.

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of sludge treatment by a plurality of earthworm reactors in combination.

Wherein each reference numeral represents: 1, a reactor mesh cover; 2, a reactor main box body; 3, a sludge treatment box; 4, a decomposed cow dung nutrition layer; 5, a wormcast body layer; 6, ventilating a pipeline; 7 a sand supplement layer; 8 monofilament filter cloth layer; 9 isolating and filtering the powder sawdust; 10 wood shaving and wood chip isolating and filtering layer; 11 a filtrate collection device; 12 an aeration device; 13, an aeration pipe; 14 a filtrate storage tank; 15 the filtrate collecting pipe.

Detailed Description

The invention will be better understood from the following examples.

The drawings in the specification show the structure, ratio, size, etc. only for the purpose of matching with the content disclosed in the specification, so as to be known and read by those skilled in the art, and not for the purpose of limiting the present invention, so the present invention does not have the essential meaning in the art, and any structure modification, ratio relationship change or size adjustment should still fall within the scope covered by the technical content disclosed in the present invention without affecting the function and achievable purpose of the present invention. Meanwhile, the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "middle", and the like used in the present specification are for the sake of clarity only, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and changes or adjustments of the relative relationship thereof are also considered to be the scope of the present invention without substantial changes in the technical content.

Example 1

As shown in figure 1, the earthworm reactor comprises a reactor main box body 2, and a sludge treatment box 3 and an earthworm habitat bed which are positioned in the reactor main box body 2. The reactor main box body 2 is a cylindrical structure made of acrylic materials, the diameter is 20cm, the height is 40cm, and the wall thickness is 2 mm; the diameter of the sludge treatment box 3 is 17cm, the height is 8cm, the wall thickness is 2mm, and the bottom is provided with 50 holes with the diameter of 5 mm. The earthworm inhabitation bed comprises a wood shaving sawdust isolation and filtration layer 10, a powder sawdust isolation and filtration layer 9, a monofilament filter cloth layer 8, a sand supplement layer 7, an earthworm cast main body layer 5 and a decomposed cow cast nutrition layer 4 which are sequentially paved upwards from the bottom of a reactor main box body 2. The top of the reactor main box body 2 is provided with a reactor mesh cover 1 for opening and closing, and the side surface of the bottom is provided with a filtrate collecting device 11. The earthworm leachate is filtered by a monofilament filter cloth layer 8, a powder sawdust isolation and filtration layer 9 and a wood shavings sawdust isolation and filtration layer 10 and then flows into a filtrate collection device 11. 36# silicon rubber vent pipe 6 is arranged at the bottom of the wormcast main body layer 5, the vent pipe 6 is externally connected with an aeration device, and air holes are formed in the vent pipe.

The wood shaving sawdust isolation and filtration layer 10 is filled with wood shaving sawdust with the thickness of 2 cm. The powder sawdust isolation and filtration layer 9 is filled with powder sawdust with a thickness of 2 cm. The monofilament filter cloth layer 8 is single-layer monofilament filter cloth. The sand supplementing layer 7 is filled with fine sand with the thickness of 1cm, and the fineness modulus is 2.2-1.6. The wormcast main body layer 5 is filled with wormcast with the thickness of 10cm and is produced by mixing the cow dung and the straw with earthworm compost. The decomposed cow dung nutrition layer 4 is filled with cow dung which is fermented and decomposed and has the thickness of 2 cm. 0.5kg of adult Eisenia foetida with the belt ring is put into a fourth layer of earthworm cast main body layer 5 of the earthworm habitat bed in the reactor, water is sprayed on the surface, and ventilation is started after the ventilation pipe is externally connected with aeration equipment.

Adding a conditioner cow dung and crushed garden waste into sludge with the water content of 85 percent, wherein the adding amount is 20 percent and 10 percent of the weight of the sludge to be treated respectively, adding an aerobic thermophilic bacterial agent, uniformly mixing, and performing aerobic fermentation and decomposition pretreatment for 7 days under natural conditions. And stirring and dispersing sludge after naturally fermenting and decomposing for 7 days, uniformly spreading the sludge into a sludge treatment box, wherein the thickness of the spread sludge is 6 cm. The sludge treatment box is placed on the earthworm inhabitation bed in the reactor main body. And (5) after 7 days of one treatment period, taking out the reaction box and collecting wormcast, finished earthworms and filtrate in the filtrate box. Testing to obtain the earthworm cast with the water content of 51 percent and the organic matter content of reduced from 44.7 percent to 37.2 percent, wherein the total mass of the produced earthworm cast is 47 percent of the mass of the input sludge, collecting 0.13kg of adult earthworms, and collecting 90ML of filtered earthworm filtrate. After the Chinese cabbage seeds are cultured by using the untreated sludge and the collected wormcast respectively, the GI (germination index) of the seeds is respectively 27.6 percent and 56.7 percent.

Example 2

As shown in fig. 2, a plurality of earthworm reactors are combined by sharing one ventilation pipeline 6, a group of earthworm reactors are connected in series on each ventilation pipeline 6, and the ventilation pipelines 6 sequentially pass through the inside of the earthworm reactors; the aeration pipeline 6 of each group of reactors is connected with an aeration device 12 through a common aeration pipe 13; the filtrate collecting means 11 of each set of reactors are connected to a filtrate storage tank 14 via a common filtrate collecting pipe 15. Sludge treatment is carried out indoors, 20 earthworm reactors are connected in series by 10 aeration pipelines 6, then the earthworm reactors are connected with an aeration device 12 by an aeration pipe 13, and a filtrate collecting device 11 of the earthworm reactors is connected with a filtrate storage tank 14 by a common filtrate collecting pipe 15. The indoor temperature is controlled to be 25-28 ℃ and the humidity is controlled to be 60-75%.

0.5kg of adult Eisenia foetida with the ring is put into the fourth layer (earthworm cast main body layer) of the earthworm habitat bed in all the reactors, water is sprayed on the surface, and an external aeration device is opened to start aeration.

The water content of the sludge is 20kg at the total weight of 85%, 4kg of conditioner cow dung and 2kg of crushed garden waste are added, an aerobic thermophilic bacterial agent is added and then the mixture is uniformly mixed, aerobic fermentation and decomposition pretreatment are carried out for 7 days under natural conditions, and the mixture is turned over once on day 4. And stirring and dispersing the thoroughly decomposed sludge, and uniformly spreading the sludge into each sludge treatment box, wherein the thickness of the spread sludge is 6 cm. The sludge treatment box is placed on the earthworm inhabitation bed in the reactor main body. And (5) after 8 days of one treatment cycle, taking out all the sludge reaction boxes, and collecting wormcast, finished earthworms and filtrate in the filtrate box. 10.96kg of wormcast, 2.47kg of adult earthworms and 1.79L of filtered earthworm filtrate are collected, and the total mass of the wormcast is 42.15 percent of the total mass of the added sludge and the conditioner. The moisture content of the wormcast is 48.92% through testing, and the organic matter content is reduced from 44.73% to 36.30%. And after one treatment period is finished, a new sludge treatment box filled with sludge to be treated is put into the reactor for the next treatment period, and 0.2kg of rejuvenated adult earthworms are added into each reactor after 20 continuous treatment periods, so that the earthworm degradation is avoided. After the Chinese cabbage seeds are cultured by using the untreated sludge and the collected wormcast respectively, the GI (germination index) of the seeds is respectively 27.6 percent and 55.3 percent.

The utility model provides a thought and method of earthworm reactor, the method and the way of specifically realizing this technical scheme are many, above only the utility model discloses a preferred embodiment should point out, to the ordinary technical personnel in this technical field, not deviating from the utility model discloses under the prerequisite of principle, can also make a plurality of improvements and moist decorations, these improvements should also be regarded as with moist decorations the utility model discloses a protection scope. All the components not specified in the present embodiment can be realized by the prior art.

Claims

1. An earthworm reactor is characterized by comprising a reactor main box body (2), a sludge treatment box (3) and an earthworm habitat bed, wherein the sludge treatment box (3) and the earthworm habitat bed are positioned in the reactor main box body (2); the earthworm habitat bed is positioned below the sludge treatment box (3) and comprises a wood shaving sawdust isolation and filtration layer (10), a powder sawdust isolation and filtration layer (9), a monofilament filter cloth layer (8), a sand supplement layer (7), an earthworm excrement main body layer (5) and a decomposed cattle excrement nutrition layer (4) which are sequentially paved upwards from the bottom of the reactor main box body (2);

the top of the reactor main box body (2) is provided with a reactor mesh cover (1) for opening and closing, and the side surface of the bottom is provided with a filtrate collecting device (11);

the upper part of the sludge treatment box (3) is opened, the bottom of the sludge treatment box is in contact with the decomposed cow dung nutrition layer (4), and a group of holes with the diameter of 2-6mm are formed in the sludge treatment box.

2. The earthworm reactor according to claim 1, wherein an aeration pipeline (6) is arranged at the bottom of the earthworm cast body layer (5), the aeration pipeline (6) is externally connected with an aeration device (12), and air holes are formed in the aeration pipeline (6).

3. The earthworm reactor according to claim 2, wherein each aeration pipe (6) is connected in series with a group of earthworm reactors, and the aeration pipes (6) pass through the inside of the earthworm reactors in sequence; the aeration pipeline (6) of each group of reactors is connected with an aeration device (12) through a common aeration pipe (13); the filtrate collecting device (11) of each group of reactors is connected with a filtrate storage tank (14) through a common filtrate collecting pipe (15).

4. The earthworm reactor according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the reactor main tank (2) has a diameter of 15-70cm, a height of 25-50cm and a wall thickness of 0.5-4 mm; the diameter of the sludge treatment box (3) is 26-66cm, the height is 5-25cm, and the wall thickness is 0.5-4 mm.

5. The earthworm reactor according to claim 4, wherein the wood wool chip isolation filter layer (10) is filled with wood wool chips having a thickness of 1-3 cm; the powder sawdust isolation and filtration layer (9) is filled with powder sawdust with the thickness of 1-3 cm; the monofilament filter cloth layer (8) is a single-layer monofilament filter cloth; the sand grain supplement layer (7) is filled with fine sand grains with the thickness of 0.5-2 cm; the wormcast body layer (5) is filled with wormcast with the thickness of 5-9 cm; the decomposed cow dung nutrition layer (4) is filled with cow dung with the thickness of 0.5-2 cm.