CN110395863B - Earthworm reactor and sludge recycling treatment method thereof - Google Patents
Earthworm reactor and sludge recycling treatment method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110395863B CN110395863B CN201910694324.2A CN201910694324A CN110395863B CN 110395863 B CN110395863 B CN 110395863B CN 201910694324 A CN201910694324 A CN 201910694324A CN 110395863 B CN110395863 B CN 110395863B
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- 241000361919 Metaphire sieboldi Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 title abstract description 5
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/02—Biological treatment
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
- Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an earthworm reactor and a sludge recycling treatment method thereof, comprising a reactor main box body, a sludge treatment box and an earthworm perching bed, wherein the sludge treatment box and the earthworm perching bed are positioned in the reactor main box body; the earthworm perching bed is positioned below the sludge treatment box and comprises a wood shaving and wood chip isolation filter layer, a powder wood chip isolation filter layer, a monofilament filter cloth layer, a sand grain supplementing layer, a wormcast main body layer and a decomposed cow dung nutrition layer which are sequentially paved upwards from the bottom of the main box body of the reactor; the top of the main box body of the reactor is provided with a reactor net cover for opening and closing, the side surface of the bottom is provided with a filtrate collecting device, and filtrate filtered from the inside of the reactor is collected through a pipeline. The upper part of the sludge treatment box is opened, the bottom of the sludge treatment box is contacted with the decomposed cow dung nutrition layer, and a group of holes with the diameter of 2-6mm are formed, so that earthworms can conveniently enter the sludge treatment box to eat. The earthworm reactor can produce a large amount of finished earthworms, high-quality wormcast organic fertilizer and earthworm filtrate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for sludge treatment and resource utilization, in particular to a novel earthworm reactor and a method for sludge resource utilization by using the novel earthworm reactor.
Background
At present, the scale of the sludge of a sewage treatment plant is larger and larger, and the sludge possibly contains pathogens, heavy metals, persistent organic matters and other toxic and harmful substances, so that secondary pollution is easily caused to the environments such as underground water, soil, air and the like, and huge ecological environment pressure is formed. Harmless treatment of sludge by landfill, incineration, composting, high-temperature fermentation and biogas engineering is a commonly adopted treatment method, but secondary pollution is easily caused when the sludge is treated by the landfill, incineration and other methods, and the sludge still cannot be thoroughly degraded by the fermentation final materials of the sludge treated by the composting, high-temperature fermentation and biogas engineering. Earthworms are animals with environmental protection function, and biological harmless treatment technology based on earthworms is a sustainable environmental protection treatment technology with great potential. The sludge is converted into active substances which are easy to be utilized by the sludge or other organisms under the action of protease, lipolytic enzyme, cellulose and amylase in the intestinal tracts of the earthworms through the digestion system of the earthworms, the environmental hazard of heavy metals in the sludge is reduced through the enrichment effect of the earthworms on the heavy metals and the like, and meanwhile, the generated earthworm protein, amino acid and the like cannot produce secondary pollution to the environment, so that the harmless treatment of the sludge can be realized more efficiently and thoroughly. However, the existing technology for treating sludge by earthworms mostly has the problems of large occupied area, low treatment efficiency, odor diffusion, mosquito breeding and the like, so that the popularization of sludge by earthworms is greatly hindered.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: aiming at the problems of long earthworm treatment period, large occupied area, mosquito breeding, odor and the like in the prior art, the application provides a novel earthworm reactor and a method for recycling sludge by using the novel earthworm reactor. The device and the method combine the physicochemical property of the sludge, the characteristic of earthworm treatment and the physiological habit of the earthworms to treat the sludge, and have the characteristics of continuously treating 20 batches of sludge or more by throwing the earthworms at one time, high treatment efficiency, capability of treating various sludge, wormcast, convenient collection of finished earthworms and the like.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
an earthworm reactor comprises a main reactor box body, a sludge treatment box and an earthworm perching bed, wherein the sludge treatment box and the earthworm perching bed are positioned in the main reactor box body; the earthworm perching bed is positioned below the sludge treatment box and comprises a wood shaving and wood chip isolation filter layer, a powder wood chip isolation filter layer, a monofilament filter layer, a sand grain supplementing layer, a wormcast main body layer and a decomposed cow dung nutrition layer which are sequentially paved upwards from the bottom of the main box body of the reactor;
the top of the main box body of the reactor is provided with a reactor net cover for opening and closing, the side surface of the bottom is provided with a filtrate collecting device, and earthworm filtrate filtered from the inside of the reactor is collected through a pipeline.
The upper part of the sludge treatment box is provided with an opening, the bottom of the sludge treatment box is contacted with the decomposed cow dung nutrition layer, and a group of holes with the diameter of 2-6mm are formed in the sludge treatment box, so that earthworms can conveniently enter the sludge treatment box to eat, and meanwhile, the sludge to be treated is isolated from an original living area of the earthworms, so that the earthworms are prevented from staying in toxic substances for a long time.
Further, the bottom of the wormcast main body layer is provided with a vent pipe, the vent pipe is externally connected with an aeration device, and an air hole is formed in the vent pipe to provide oxygen and a movable attachment surface for earthworms, so that the environment capacity and the activity of the earthworms are increased.
Still further, the earthworm reactors can be used in combination; when in combination, each ventilation pipeline (6) is connected with a group of earthworm reactors in series, and the ventilation pipelines (6) sequentially penetrate through the inside of the earthworm reactors; the aeration pipe (6) of each group of reactors is connected with an aeration device (12) through a common aeration pipe (13); the filtrate collecting device (11) of each group of reactors is connected with a filtrate storage tank (14) through a common filtrate collecting pipe (15). The sludge treatment device is used for simultaneously treating more sludge when combined.
Specifically, the diameter of the main box body of the reactor is 15-70cm, the height is 25-50cm, and the wall thickness is 0.5-4mm; the diameter of the sludge treatment box is 26-66cm, the height is 5-25cm, and the wall thickness is 0.5-4mm. The shape of the main box body of the reactor can be a cylinder or a polygonal cylinder.
Specifically, the wood shaving and chip isolation filter layer is filled with wood shaving and chip with the thickness of 1-3 cm; the powder wood chip isolation filter layer is filled with powder wood chips with the thickness of 1-3 cm; the monofilament filter cloth layer is a single-layer monofilament filter cloth; the sand grain supplementing layer is filled with fine sand grains with the thickness of 0.5-2 cm; the wormcast main body layer is filled with wormcast with the thickness of 5-9 cm; the decomposed cow dung nutrition layer is filled with cow dung with the thickness of 0.5-2 cm. The wood shavings and the powder wood chips can filter earthworm filtrate generated in the earthworm composting process, and the filtered earthworm filtrate is a good natural soil conditioner and pesticide. The earthworm filtrate produced in the process of filtering the earthworm compost by the single-layer monofilament filter cloth prevents earthworms from escaping downwards. Under the combined action of the wood shaving and chip isolation layer, the powder wood chip isolation layer and the monofilament filter cloth layer, the bottom space of the reactor has larger air capacity, and the activity of earthworms is improved. The fineness modulus of the fine sand grains is 2.2-1.6, so that newly-bred earthworms can swallow the fine sand grains and enter a body cavity conveniently, the earthworms can digest food themselves, and the treatment rate is improved. The wormcast is used for providing the most comfortable living environment for the earthworms, improving the holding capacity of the earthworms and the survival rate of the earthworms in the reactor, and enabling newly-put earthworms to adapt to the environment in the reactor as soon as possible and start breeding and development. Cow dung provides food for earthworm breeding development before sludge treatment begins. The sand grain supplementing layer, the wormcast main body layer and the decomposed cow dung nutrition layer provide the best living environment and material conditions for the treatment of the sludge by the earthworms, and the rate of the treatment of the sludge by the earthworms can be greatly improved under the combined action.
Preferably, the reactor net cover is a 15-mesh breathable gauze, so that mosquitoes can be prevented from flying into the reactor to spawn and reproduce in the treatment process, and the problem of mosquito breeding in the sludge treatment process of earthworms is effectively solved.
The invention further provides a method for treating sludge by the earthworm reactor, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Adding a conditioner into sludge to be treated, adding an aerobic thermophilic bacteria agent, uniformly mixing, and carrying out aerobic fermentation and decomposition for 5-9 days under natural conditions;
(2) Putting 0.2-0.45kg of adult Eisenia foetida with ring into an earthworm perching bed, stirring the sludge after aerobic fermentation and decomposition in the step (1), uniformly putting the sludge into a sludge treatment box, and then putting the sludge treatment box into a main box body of a reactor, wherein the bottom of the sludge treatment box is completely contacted with the earthworm perching bed, and earthworms can drill into the sludge treatment box through holes at the bottom of the sludge treatment box to feed;
(3) After all sludge in the sludge treatment box is converted into wormcast, the sludge treatment box is taken out, wormcast and finished earthworms are collected, earthworm filtrate is collected, and next period treatment is carried out.
In the step (1), the conditioner is cow dung and crushed garden waste, and the addition amounts of the conditioner and the crushed garden waste are respectively 10-20% of the weight of sludge to be treated. The addition of a conditioner for adjusting the water content, porosity and sludge earthworm palatability of the sludge is an essential step in pretreatment.
In the step (2), the decomposed sludge is evenly filled into the sludge treatment box after being stirred, so that more space and oxygen are provided for the earthworm treatment process, and research discovers that the earthworm treatment efficiency is higher and the earthworm loss is smaller when the sludge to be treated is evenly paved after being stirred.
In the step (3), the sludge treatment box after collecting the wormcast and the finished earthworms is refilled with new sludge to be treated and put back into the reactor for the next period of sludge treatment.
Because the earthworms in the reactor are easy to be degraded due to close-up propagation in the reactor, 0.1-0.35kg of the rejuvenated earthworms are added into the reactor after the continuous treatment is finished for 20 cycles, and the added rejuvenated earthworms provide foreign genes for the earthworm population in the reactor, so that the activity of the earthworm population in the reactor is maintained.
The beneficial effects are that:
1. the earthworm reactor disclosed by the invention has the advantages of reasonable structure, small occupied area and high treatment efficiency, can treat larger sludge amount by splicing a plurality of reactors, can continuously treat 20 batches of sludge and more by putting earthworms in one time, is more convenient for collecting products such as wormcast, earthworm filtrate and finished earthworms, and can also effectively avoid odor diffusion and mosquito breeding problems in the sludge treatment process of earthworms.
2. The sludge treatment method is suitable for treating various types of sludge, and does not produce secondary pollution; can greatly improve the activity of earthworms, reduce the loss of earthworms and produce a large amount of finished earthworms, high-quality wormcast organic fertilizer and earthworm filtrate; low investment and operation cost, wide application range, and good economic benefit, environmental benefit and social benefit.
Drawings
The foregoing and/or other advantages of the invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of the invention when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the earthworm reactor according to the invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a combination of a plurality of earthworm reactors for treating sludge.
Wherein each reference numeral represents: 1 a reactor screen cover; 2 a main reactor box; 3, a sludge treatment box; 4, decomposing the cow dung nutrition layer; 5 a wormcast main body layer; 6, an air duct; 7 sand grain supplementing layers; 8, a monofilament filter cloth layer; 9, a powder wood dust isolation filter layer; 10 wood shavings and dust isolating and filtering layers; 11 a filtrate collecting device; 12 an aeration device; 13, aerating the pipe; 14 a filtrate storage tank; 15 filtrate collection tubes.
Detailed Description
The invention will be better understood from the following examples.
The structures, proportions, sizes, etc. shown in the drawings are shown only in connection with the disclosure of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, which is defined by the claims, but rather by the terms of modification, variation of proportions, or adjustment of sizes, without affecting the efficacy or achievement of the present invention, should be understood as falling within the scope of the present invention. Also, the terms such as "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "middle", and the like are used herein for descriptive purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention for which the invention may be practiced or for which the relative relationships may be altered or modified without materially altering the technical context.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the earthworm reactor comprises a reactor main tank 2, and a sludge treatment tank 3 and an earthworm perching bed which are positioned in the reactor main tank 2. The main box body 2 of the reactor is of a cylindrical structure made of acrylic material, the diameter is 20cm, the height is 40cm, and the wall thickness is 2mm; the sludge treatment box 3 has the diameter of 17cm, the height of 8cm, the wall thickness of 2mm and 50 holes of 5mm are formed in the bottom. The earthworm perching bed comprises a wood shaving and wood chip isolation filter layer 10, a powder wood chip isolation filter layer 9, a monofilament filter layer 8, a sand grain supplementing layer 7, a wormcast main body layer 5 and a decomposed cow dung nutrition layer 4 which are sequentially paved upwards from the bottom of the main reactor box body 2. The top of the main box body 2 of the reactor is provided with a reactor net cover 1 for opening and closing, and the side surface of the bottom is provided with a filtrate collecting device 11. The earthworm leachate flows into a filtrate collecting device 11 after being filtered by a monofilament filter cloth layer 8, a powder wood chip isolation filter layer 9 and a wood shaving wood chip isolation filter layer 10. The bottom of the wormcast main body layer 5 is provided with a 36# silicon rubber vent pipe 6, the vent pipe 6 is externally connected with an aeration device, and an air hole is formed in the vent pipe.
The wood shavings chip isolation filter layer 10 was filled with wood shavings chip having a thickness of 2 cm. The powder wood chip isolation filter layer 9 is filled with powder wood chips having a thickness of 2 cm. The single-filament filter cloth layer 8 is a single-layer single-filament filter cloth. The sand supplementary layer 7 is filled with fine sand with the thickness of 1cm, and the fineness modulus is 2.2-1.6. The wormcast main body layer 5 is filled with wormcast with the thickness of 10cm, and is produced after cow dung and straw are mixed and composted. The decomposed cow dung nutrition layer 4 is filled with cow dung with the thickness of 2cm after fermentation and decomposition. And (3) throwing 0.5kg of adult Eisenia foetida with rings into a fourth wormcast main body layer 5 of the earthworm perching bed in the reactor, spraying water on the surface, and starting ventilation after the ventilation pipe is externally connected with aeration equipment.
The sludge with the water content of 85% is added with the conditioner cow dung and the crushed garden waste, the addition amounts are respectively 20% and 10% of the weight of the sludge to be treated, then the aerobic thermophilic bacteria agent is added and mixed uniformly, and the aerobic fermentation and decomposition pretreatment is carried out for 7 days under the natural condition. Stirring and spreading the sludge after the natural fermentation and the decomposition for 7 days into a sludge treatment box uniformly, wherein the thickness of the spread sludge is 6cm. The sludge treatment box is put into the reactor main body and on the earthworm perching bed. And after the treatment period is finished for 7 days, taking out the reaction box and collecting wormcast in the reaction box, finished earthworms and filtrate in the filtrate box. The test shows that the water content of the wormcast is 51%, the organic matter content is reduced from 44.7% to 37.2%, the total mass of the produced wormcast is 47% of the mass of the input sludge, 0.13kg of adult wormcast is collected, and 90ML of the wormcast filtrate after filtration is collected. The germination indexes GI of the seeds after the seeds of the Chinese cabbage are cultured by the untreated sludge and the collected wormcast are respectively 27.6 percent and 56.7 percent.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 2, a plurality of earthworm reactors are combined by sharing one ventilation pipeline 6, each ventilation pipeline 6 is connected with a group of earthworm reactors in series, and the ventilation pipeline 6 sequentially passes through the inside of the earthworm reactors; the aeration pipe 6 of each group of reactors is connected with an aeration device 12 through a common aeration pipe 13; the filtrate collecting means 11 of each set of reactors is connected to a filtrate reservoir tank 14 by a common filtrate collecting pipe 15. The sludge treatment is carried out in a room, after the 20 earthworm reactors are connected in series with each other in a group of 10 earthworm reactors through the ventilation pipeline 6, the reactor is connected with the aeration device 12 through the aeration pipe 13, and the filtrate collecting device 11 of the reactor is connected with the filtrate storage tank 14 through the public filtrate collecting pipe 15. Controlling indoor temperature at 25-28deg.C and humidity at 60-75%.
And (3) throwing 0.5kg of adult Eisenia foetida with rings into the fourth layer (wormcast main body layer) of the earthworm perching bed in all the reactors, spraying water on the surfaces of the Eisenia foetida with rings, and opening an external aeration device to start aeration.
The water content of the sludge is 85 percent and is 20kg, 4kg of conditioner cow dung and 2kg of crushed garden waste are added, the mixture is uniformly mixed, the mixture is subjected to aerobic fermentation and decomposition pretreatment for 7 days under natural conditions, and the pile is turned once on the 4 th day. The decomposed sludge is stirred and dispersed and evenly paved into each sludge treatment box, and the thickness of the paved sludge is 6cm. The sludge treatment box is put into the reactor main body and on the earthworm perching bed. And after the treatment period is finished for 8 days, taking out all sludge reaction boxes and collecting wormcast in the reaction boxes, finished earthworms and filtrate in filtrate boxes. Collecting wormcast 10.96kg, adult earthworm 2.47kg, and filtered earthworm filtrate 1.79L, wherein the total mass of produced wormcast is 42.15% of the total mass of the input sludge and the conditioner. The test shows that the water content of the wormcast is 48.92%, and the organic matter content is reduced from 44.73% to 36.30%. After one treatment period is finished, a new sludge treatment box filled with sludge to be treated is put into the reactors for the next treatment period, 0.2kg of rejuvenated adult earthworms are added into each reactor after 20 continuous treatment periods, and the earthworms are prevented from being degraded. The germination indexes GI of the seeds after the seeds of the Chinese cabbage are cultured by the untreated sludge and the collected wormcast are respectively 27.6 percent and 55.3 percent.
The invention provides an earthworm reactor and a method for recycling sludge, and the method for realizing the technical scheme is a plurality of methods and approaches, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the invention, and it should be pointed out that a plurality of improvements and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the invention, and the improvements and modifications are also considered as the protection scope of the invention. The components not explicitly described in this embodiment can be implemented by using the prior art.
Claims (6)
1. The earthworm reactor is characterized by comprising a reactor main box body (2), and a sludge treatment box (3) and an earthworm perching bed which are positioned in the reactor main box body (2); the earthworm perching bed is positioned below the sludge treatment box (3) and comprises a wood shaving and wood chip isolation filter layer (10), a powder wood chip isolation filter layer (9), a monofilament filter layer (8), a sand supplementing layer (7), a wormcast main body layer (5) and a decomposed cow dung nutrition layer (4) which are sequentially paved upwards from the bottom of the main reactor box body (2);
the top of the main box body (2) of the reactor is provided with a reactor net cover (1) for opening and closing, and the side surface of the bottom is provided with a filtrate collecting device (11);
the upper part of the sludge treatment box (3) is provided with an opening, the bottom of the sludge treatment box is contacted with the decomposed cow dung nutrition layer (4), and a group of holes with the diameter of 2-6mm are formed in the sludge treatment box;
the bottom of the wormcast main body layer (5) is provided with a ventilation pipeline (6), the ventilation pipeline (6) is externally connected with an aeration device (12), and the ventilation pipeline (6) is provided with air holes;
each ventilation pipeline (6) is connected with a group of earthworm reactors in series, and the ventilation pipelines (6) sequentially penetrate through the inside of the earthworm reactors; the aeration pipe (6) of each group of reactors is connected with an aeration device (12) through a common aeration pipe (13); the filtrate collecting device (11) of each group of reactors is connected with a filtrate storage tank (14) through a common filtrate collecting pipe (15);
the wood shaving and chip isolation filter layer (10) is filled with wood shaving and chip with the thickness of 1-3 cm; the powder wood chip isolation filter layer (9) is filled with powder wood chips with the thickness of 1-3 cm; the monofilament filter cloth layer (8) is a single-layer monofilament filter cloth; the sand grain supplementing layer (7) is filled with fine sand grains with the thickness of 0.5-2 cm; the wormcast main body layer (5) is filled with wormcast with the thickness of 5-9 cm; the decomposed cow dung nutrition layer (4) is filled with cow dung with the thickness of 0.5-2 cm;
the reactor net cover (1) is a 15-mesh breathable gauze.
2. Earthworm reactor as in claim 1, characterized in that the main tank (2) of the reactor has a diameter of 15-70cm, a height of 25-50cm and a wall thickness of 0.5-4mm; the diameter of the sludge treatment box (3) is 26-66cm, the height is 5-25cm, and the wall thickness is 0.5-4mm.
3. The method for treating sludge by using the earthworm reactor as claimed in claim 1, comprising the following steps:
(1) Adding a conditioner into sludge to be treated, adding an aerobic thermophilic bacteria agent, uniformly mixing, and carrying out aerobic fermentation and decomposition for 5-9 days under natural conditions;
(2) Putting 0.2-0.45kg of adult Eisenia foetida with ring into an earthworm perching bed, stirring the sludge after aerobic fermentation and decomposition in the step (1), uniformly putting the sludge into a sludge treatment box, and then putting the sludge treatment box into a main box body of a reactor, wherein the bottom of the sludge treatment box is completely contacted with the earthworm perching bed, and earthworms can drill into the sludge treatment box through holes at the bottom of the sludge treatment box to feed;
(3) After all sludge in the sludge treatment box is converted into wormcast, the sludge treatment box is taken out, wormcast and finished earthworms are collected, earthworm filtrate is collected, and next period treatment is carried out.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein in the step (1), the conditioner is cow dung and crushed garden waste, and the addition amounts of the conditioner and the crushed garden waste are respectively 10-20% of the weight of the sludge to be treated.
5. A method according to claim 3, wherein in step (3), the sludge treatment tank after collecting the wormcast and the finished earthworms is refilled with sludge to be treated and returned to the reactor for the next cycle of sludge treatment.
6. A method according to claim 3, wherein 0.1-0.35kg of rejuvenated earthworms are fed into the reactor after the end of 20 consecutive treatment cycles.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910694324.2A CN110395863B (en) | 2019-07-30 | 2019-07-30 | Earthworm reactor and sludge recycling treatment method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910694324.2A CN110395863B (en) | 2019-07-30 | 2019-07-30 | Earthworm reactor and sludge recycling treatment method thereof |
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