CN209435933U - Intensive farmland intensified ecological model - Google Patents
Intensive farmland intensified ecological model Download PDFInfo
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- CN209435933U CN209435933U CN201920023234.6U CN201920023234U CN209435933U CN 209435933 U CN209435933 U CN 209435933U CN 201920023234 U CN201920023234 U CN 201920023234U CN 209435933 U CN209435933 U CN 209435933U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
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- Y02A40/60—Ecological corridors or buffer zones
Abstract
The utility model provides a kind of intensive farmland intensified ecological model, is related to intensive farmland intensified ecological technical field.The intensive farmland intensified ecological model, comprising: make model between the bandization wheel in farmland, making model between bandization wheel includes at least two crops；The irrigation and drainage system ecology corridor model of field boundary, which includes defeated drainage ditch and vegetation；The tall shrub stereo ecological pessimistic concurrency control of field boundary, which is included in around field and farmland roadside constructs vegetational zone；The restoration of the ecosystem model of non-agricultural plate, the non-agricultural plate restoration of the ecosystem model include forest land patch to increase understory species, the tall shrub stereoscopic protective band of villages and small towns patch periphery construction, and river lake and pool wet land patch builds plant buffer belt.The purpose of intensive farmland intensified ecological model intensive farmland intensified ecological model can reach balanced soil nutrient, mitigate Crops Pests Control of Diseases Insects And Weeds Pests of Crops and promote agricultural ecological function.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to intensive farmland intensified ecological technical fields, more particularly, to a kind of intensive agricultural ecological
Strengthen model.
Background technique
Intensive farmland is to concentrate to put into the more means of production and labour on the soil of certain area, first by application
Into agrotechnical measure and management method increase the farmland of agricultural output.
Intensive agriculture produces long-term, large area, unification plantation, has been obviously improved grain yield, but itself was both
Be unable to self-control, can not self―sustaining, thus broken the normal succession of natural ecosystems.In order to maintain the ecosystem
Operation, just must constantly increase the investment of external pesticide, chemical fertilizer etc..
Currently, with the continuous reinforcement of intensive degree, bring environmental problem also gradually shows.Bio-diversity and
The ecological balance suddenlys suffer from destruction, soil quality declines, disease pest and weed takes place frequently and aggravates year by year, chemical pesticide dosage is constantly soaring.Money
The problems such as source consumption excessive, increasing environmental pollution, serious ecological degradation, aggravates, serious restriction agricultural sustainable development.
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of intensive farmland intensified ecological models, to solve as agricultural is intensive
The continuous reinforcement of change degree, the technical issues of influence on series of negative produced by environment.
Intensive farmland intensified ecological model provided by the utility model, comprising: make model between the bandization wheel in farmland, it should
Making model between bandization wheel includes at least two crops, and wheel intercropping plant mode is carried out between the crop.
The irrigation and drainage system ecology corridor model of field boundary, the irrigation and drainage system ecology corridor model include criss-cross defeated
Drainage ditch and the vegetation planted on the defeated drainage ditch.
The tall shrub stereo ecological pessimistic concurrency control of field boundary, Qiao's shrub stereo ecological pessimistic concurrency control be included in around field and
Farmland roadside constructs vegetational zone.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, further, intensive farmland intensified ecological model further includes non-agricultural patch ecology mould
Type, the non-agricultural patch ecological model is patch shape integral by the defeated drainage ditch or tall shrub ecological net and farmland, makes to give birth to
Object migrates between the non-agricultural patch and the farmland patch.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, further, the non-agricultural patch includes that forest land patch, villages and small towns patch and the river and lake pool are wet
Ground patch.
Based on the forest land patch is covered with underground.
The tall shrub plant intermediate zone of 10~30m is built on the periphery of the villages and small towns patch.
Plant buffer belt is built on the periphery of the river lake and pool wet land patch.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, further, the wide cut for making crop in model between the band wheel is 4~8m, bandwidth
For 8~16m.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, further, the crop includes corn and legume, the corn and the beans
Section crop carries out wheel intercropping plant mode, and row replaces planting patterns year by year.
And/or the crop includes cereal crops and green manure plant, the cereal crops and the green manure plant carry out wheel
Intercropping plant mode, and row replaces planting patterns year by year.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, further, the Planting Row Distance of the corn is 55~60cm；The legume packet
Including peanut or soybean, the peanut uses ridge culture, and row spacing is 85~90cm, and ridge face width is 50~55cm, ridge a height of 8~
10cm, every 2 row of ridge, line-spacing is 30~35cm on Gansu Province, and hill spacing is 12~18cm.
The Planting Row Distance of the soybean is 38~42cm, and spacing in the rows is 13~15cm.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, further, the defeated drainage ditch includes the drainage ditch being located in farmland and sets
River outside farmland.
Herbaceous plant is planted in the drainage ditch, it is preferred that the herbaceous plant includes alfalfa, rye grass, wave
One of this chrysanthemum, eryuelan, Bermuda grass, Festuca Arundinacea, Verbena officinalis, Zinnia and facet syndrom are a variety of.
The road roadside planting forest in the river plants Afforestation Landscape plant, the two sides in the river below the forest
Slope surface plants slope protection and/or landscape plant, it is preferred that the forest includes in poplar, willow, Chinese scholartree, method paulownia, metasequoia and ginkgo
It is one or more, the Afforestation Landscape plant include Bermuda grass, Festuca Arundinacea, rye grass, coreopsis, eryuelan, Zinnia and
One of facet syndrom is a variety of, and the slope protection and landscape plant include English ryegrass, weeping love grass, Festuca Arundinacea, hundred
Like one of grass, coreopsis, eryuelan, alfalfa, Bermuda grass and facet syndrom or a variety of；
The bottom planting aquatic plants in the river, it is preferred that the water plant includes Louisiana's iris, perfume (or spice)
One of Pu, reed, Scirpus tabernaemontani, thaliadeabata, Chinese celery, lotus, water lily and watermifoil are a variety of.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, further, the two sides in the river are laid with multiple hydrophilic steps, two neighboring institute
Stating the distance between hydrophilic step is 300-500m.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, further, multiple grid cells are divided in farmland, the vegetational zone is arranged described
The surrounding of grid cell.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, further, the farmland is divided into 1 grid cell with 300~500 mu, described
The width of vegetational zone is 4~8m.
The vegetational zone includes arbor, shrub and the flowers and plants for intersecting plantation, it is preferred that arbor plants 1~2 row, line-spacing 2
~4m, spacing in the rows are 4~8m, and the shrub is planted under the arbor, and the bandwidth of the shrub is 2~6m, the flowers and plants plantation
On the outside of the shrub, plantation width is 2~4m.
Preferably, the arbor includes one of poplar, Chinese scholartree, willow, method paulownia, metasequoia and ginkgo or a variety of, described
Shrub includes one of bar pier mulberry, rose, Chinese littleleaf box, glossy privet, Fructus Forsythiae, shrub lespedeza, winter jasmine and twigs of the chaste tree or a variety of, the flowers and plants
Including one of annual bluegrass, radix saposhnikoviae, green punt-pole, clover, Asian puccoon, peppermint, crowtoe, cogongrass, Chinese small iris, warbler tail and Salvia japonica or
It is a variety of.
Intensive farmland intensified ecological model provided by the utility model the utility model has the advantages that
It include at least two works due to making model between the bandization wheel in farmland in the intensive farmland intensified ecological model
Object, and wheel intercropping plant mode is carried out between the crop, which has different suctions to the nutrient in soil
The purpose received and utilized, thus can achieve balanced soil nutrient, mitigate Crops Pests Control of Diseases Insects And Weeds Pests of Crops.
Furthermore the irrigation and drainage system ecology corridor model includes criss-cross defeated drainage ditch and plants on defeated drainage ditch
The vegetation of plant has and the life such as protects bio-diversity, filter or suppress substance, prevent erosion, regulate and control flood, beautify the environment
State service function.
In addition, Qiao's shrub stereo ecological pessimistic concurrency control is included in around field and farmland roadside constructs vegetational zone, Neng Gouti
High crops resist the ability of dust storm, at the same for Pollinating Insect, meiofauna provide nectar source, habitat, sanctuary, wintering ground,
The places such as host, to promote agricultural ecological function.
In summary, by the building of intensive farmland intensified ecological model can effectively increase Agricultural biodiversity,
Improve crop yield, enhancing crop to the resistance of exotic plant invasion, reduce crop disease and insect occur, improve soil quality,
Improve agricultural microclimate, purifying water body, beautification farm environment, effectively promotes farmland ecosystem function, realize " Tian Chengfang, woods
Networking, canal be connected, Lu Xiangtong, soil fertility fertilizer, production are steady, the beautification of the environment, ecology are excellent, high efficiency, multi-functional " agriculture pattern, building
Formation function is efficient, structure is harmonious, the green high-efficient modern intensive farmland ecosystem of lasting regulation, economical rationality.
Detailed description of the invention
It, below will be right in order to illustrate more clearly of specific embodiment of the present invention or technical solution in the prior art
Specific embodiment or attached drawing needed to be used in the description of the prior art are briefly described, it should be apparent that, it is described below
In attached drawing be that some embodiments of the utility model are not paying creativeness for those of ordinary skill in the art
Under the premise of labour, it can also be obtained according to these attached drawings other attached drawings.
Fig. 1 makees between the summer corn of First Year in model and soybean between band wheel provided by the embodiment of the utility model
Make plantation schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 makees between the summer corn of second year in model and soybean between band wheel provided by the embodiment of the utility model
Make plantation schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
The technical solution of the utility model is clearly and completely described below in conjunction with attached drawing, it is clear that described
Embodiment is the utility model a part of the embodiment, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, originally
Field those of ordinary skill all other embodiment obtained without making creative work belongs to practical
Novel protected range.
It is in the description of the present invention, it should be noted that term " center ", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", " perpendicular
Directly ", the orientation or positional relationship of the instructions such as "horizontal", "inner", "outside" is to be based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only
For ease of description the utility model and simplify description, rather than the mechanism of indication or suggestion meaning or element must have it is specific
Orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.In addition, term " the
One ", " second " is used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or suggesting relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " is pacified
Dress ", " connected ", " connection " shall be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be being fixedly connected, may be a detachable connection, or integrally
Connection；It can be mechanical connection, be also possible to be electrically connected；Can be directly connected, can also indirectly connected through an intermediary,
It can be the connection of two component internals.For the ordinary skill in the art, above-mentioned art can be understood with concrete condition
The concrete meaning of language in the present invention.
Embodiment one
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the present embodiment one provides a kind of intensive farmland intensified ecological model, comprising: in farmland
Bandization wheel between make model, making model between bandization wheel includes at least two crops, and intercropping plant side is taken turns in implementation between the crop
Formula；The irrigation and drainage system ecology corridor model of field boundary, the irrigation and drainage system ecology corridor model include criss-cross defeated draining
Irrigation canals and ditches and the vegetation planted on defeated drainage ditch；The tall shrub stereo ecological pessimistic concurrency control of field boundary, Qiao's shrub solid are raw
State pessimistic concurrency control is included in around field and farmland roadside constructs vegetational zone.
It include at least two works due to making model between the bandization wheel in farmland in the intensive farmland intensified ecological model
Object, and wheel intercropping plant mode is carried out between the crop, which has different suctions to the nutrient in soil
The purpose received and utilized, thus can achieve balanced soil nutrient, mitigate Crops Pests Control of Diseases Insects And Weeds Pests of Crops.
Furthermore the irrigation and drainage system ecology corridor model includes criss-cross defeated drainage ditch and plants on defeated drainage ditch
The vegetation of plant has and the life such as protects bio-diversity, filter or suppress substance, prevent erosion, regulate and control flood, beautify the environment
State service function.
In addition, Qiao's shrub stereo ecological pessimistic concurrency control is included in around field and farmland roadside constructs vegetational zone, Neng Gouti
High crops resist the ability of dust storm, at the same for Pollinating Insect, meiofauna provide nectar source, habitat, sanctuary, wintering ground,
The places such as host, to promote agricultural ecological function.
In summary, by the building of intensive farmland intensified ecological model can effectively increase Agricultural biodiversity,
Improve crop yield, enhancing crop to the resistance of exotic plant invasion, reduce crop disease and insect occur, improve soil quality,
Improve agricultural microclimate, purifying water body, beautification farm environment, effectively promotes farmland ecosystem function, realize " Tian Chengfang, woods
Networking, canal be connected, Lu Xiangtong, soil fertility fertilizer, production are steady, the beautification of the environment, ecology are excellent, high efficiency, multi-functional " agriculture pattern, building
Formation function is efficient, structure is harmonious, the green high-efficient modern intensive farmland ecosystem of lasting regulation, economical rationality.
As shown in Figure 1, with the wide cut w for making crop in model between change wheel1For 4~8m, bandwidth is 8~16m, relative to narrow row
Cultivation mode is, it can be achieved that entire mechanization operation.
Wherein, crop includes corn and legume, and corn and legume carry out wheel intercropping plant mode, and row is year by year
Alternately planting patterns；And/or crop includes cereal crops and green manure plant, cereal crops and green manure plant are planted between carrying out wheel
Plant mode, and row replaces planting patterns year by year.
Such as: carrying out wheel intercropping plant is corn-soybean, Maize-Peanut, corn-millet, corn-sweet potato.
Specifically, the Planting Row Distance of corn is 55~60cm；Peanut uses ridge culture, and row spacing is 85~90cm, ridge face width
For 50~55cm, a height of 8~10cm in ridge, every 2 row of ridge, line-spacing is 30~35cm on Gansu Province, and hill spacing is 12~18cm；The plantation of soybean
Line-spacing is 38~42cm, and spacing in the rows is 13~15cm.
Please continue to refer to Fig. 1, wherein quadrangle represents corn, and triangle represents soybean, and the wide cut of corn and soybean is
w1, the left side maize planting in First Year plot, right side plant soybean, the two implementation intercropping plant mode.
As shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 2 show left side the plantation soybean, right side maize planting in second year plot, the two is carried out between wheel
Make planting patterns.
It should be noted that the winter of First Year can all plant wheat on the plot with making in model between change wheel, the
1 year summer planted soybean on the left side maize planting in plot, right side；The winter of second year or all plantation wheat, second
The summer in year plants soybean, right side maize planting in the left side in plot, to realize the wheel intercropping plant of crop and hand over year by year
For the mode of plantation.
Wherein, 1 is shown in Table with the yield for making plant between change wheel.
Table 1 is with the yield for making plant between change wheel
As seen from the above table, carry out the wide cuts intercropping plant such as corn and peanut, soybean, millet, change long-term, large area, list
One changes planting system, increases Crop diversity, can significantly reduce crop disease and insect incidence, promotes farmland ecosystem function；
Wherein, corn northern and southern leaf blight disease refers to reduces by 5.2%, 5.7% and 6.3% respectively, and rust disease refers to reduction by 21.4%, 19.7% and
22.8%, corn yield increasing, Land Equivalent Ratio reaches 1.08~1.26；Fertilizer and pesticide, which subtracts, applies 10%, and overall efficiency is improved compared with nonoculture
15% or more.
Make in model between bandization wheel, with 60 mu for a grid cell, carries out the investigation of Intercropping System arthropod, monitor altogether
To arthropod 5958, belong to 2 guiding principles, 7 mesh, 47 sections.Intercropping System reduces by 14.64 compared with nonoculture system number of pest
~66.95%, neutral insects quantity increases by 27.63~56.03%, and natural enemy quantity increases by 14.6~45.95%, corn-soybean
The variation of Intercropping System insect numbers is most obvious.
In irrigation and drainage system ecology corridor model, defeated drainage ditch includes the drainage ditch being located in farmland and is located at farmland
Outer river；Plant herbaceous plant in drainage ditch, the road roadside planting forest in river, plantation Afforestation Landscape is planted below forest
Object, the two side slopes plantation slope protection and/or landscape plant in river, the bottom planting aquatic plants in river.
Preferably, herbaceous plant includes alfalfa, rye grass, coreopsis, eryuelan, Bermuda grass, Festuca Arundinacea, horsewhip
One of grass, Zinnia and facet syndrom are a variety of.
Preferably, forest includes one of poplar, willow, Chinese scholartree, method paulownia, metasequoia and ginkgo or a variety of, Afforestation Landscape
Plant includes one of Bermuda grass, Festuca Arundinacea, rye grass, coreopsis, eryuelan, Zinnia and facet syndrom or a variety of, slope protection
It include English ryegrass, weeping love grass, Festuca Arundinacea, paspalum notatum, coreopsis, eryuelan, alfalfa, dog with landscape plant
One of root of the tooth and facet syndrom are a variety of.
Preferably, water plant includes Louisiana's iris, cattail, reed, Scirpus tabernaemontani, thaliadeabata, Chinese celery, lotus, sleeps
One of lotus and watermifoil are a variety of, and every kind of water plant random interval plantation, spacing distance is 10~15m.
Wherein, the two sides in river are laid with multiple hydrophilic steps, and the distance between two neighboring hydrophilic step is 300-
500m。
It should be noted that when river it is suitable for reading be greater than 10m when, just need to lay hydrophilic step.
In the maintenance and management of plant, according to season, vegetation growth state, harvest, disposition, utilization, prevent water in time
Connate water bottom is rotted after plant is dead, and Xiang Shuiti releasing organics matter and nitrogen P elements cause secondary pollution；Maintain irrigation canals and ditches defeated
The function of water and draining removes weeds and bottom of trench sediment in time, guarantees the capacity of irrigation canals and ditches and the normal growth of water plant.
It in specific implementation, can be there are many building mode.
Such as: change the problems such as water body purification and low Ecological regulation services are lost in original irrigation and drainage system hardening, intensive
Bottom of river channel and two sides building multi-functional plant gallery system (or vegetation) outside farmland, realize and intercept, adsorb agricultural run-off water
The substances such as nitrogen, phosphorus in body, purify water, and improve bio-diversity, reduce crop disease and insect, improve farmland surrounding landscape environment
Purpose.Its ecology and economic benefit obtained are as follows:
1) self-purification of water ability enhances, and water outlet is averagely distinguished than the removal rate of total nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen in water inlet draining
It is good to irrigation canals and ditches pollution of area source control effect up to 52.6% and 73.9%.
2) building of multi-functional plant gallery system realizes organic perforation of Farmland Landscape, provides agriculture for meiofauna
The places such as field miniclimate, habitat provide nectar, pollen etc. for honeybee etc..
3) ecological canal is that insect diversity dramatically increases, and reaches 11 mesh, 82 kinds.
4) the function plant of the bottom plantation of irrigation canals and ditches also generates significant economic benefit, per acre to receive 3000 jin of lotus rhizome more.
For another example: constructing multi-functional plant band, nectariferous plant band in field boundary, provide food for birds, insect, meiofauna
The places such as object, agricultural microclimate, habitat, spawning habitat, sanctuary, parasitism；The bio-diversity in farmland is improved, crop disease is reduced
Insect pest reduces agricultural non-point source pollution, promotes Farmland Landscape.
Wherein, primary pest is reduced；Natural enemy diversity is improved, insect predator, parasitism in 200 mu of grid cells
Property insect numbers increase 42%, 37%, crop yield increases 7%, and net profit improves 5%.
In Qiao's shrub stereo ecological pessimistic concurrency control, multiple grid cells are divided in farmland, vegetational zone is arranged in grid list
The surrounding of member.
Wherein, farmland is divided into 1 grid cell with 300~500 mu, and the width of vegetational zone is 4~8m.
Specifically, vegetational zone includes arbor, shrub and the flowers and plants for intersecting plantation.
Preferably, arbor plants 1~2 row, and line-spacing is 2~4m, and spacing in the rows is 4~8m, and shrub is planted under arbor, shrub
Bandwidth is 2~6m, and flowers and plants are planted on the outside of shrub, and plantation width is 2~4m.
Preferably, arbor includes one of poplar, Chinese scholartree, willow, method paulownia, metasequoia and ginkgo or a variety of, and shrub includes
One of bar pier mulberry, rose, Chinese littleleaf box, glossy privet, Fructus Forsythiae, shrub lespedeza, winter jasmine and twigs of the chaste tree are a variety of, flowers and plants include annual bluegrass,
One of radix saposhnikoviae, green punt-pole, clover, Asian puccoon, peppermint, crowtoe, cogongrass, Chinese small iris, warbler tail and Salvia japonica are a variety of.
Building economized field boundary Qiao's shrub is stood motionless body ecological net, for substituting the single traditional forest network for planting Fast growth poplar,
It has both ecology and landscape function: mitigating the harm of the weather disasters to crops such as hot dry wind, cold spell in later spring, sandstorm；Increase plant
Heterogeneity enriches Agricultural biodiversity, provides food for useful animals (spider, natural enemy insect, Pollinating Insect etc.) existence procreation
Material resource and living environment；Arbor, shrub, the collocation of flowers and plants height bring out the best in each other with intensive Wheat Maize plantation landscape, present
Graceful Farmland Landscape solves the problems, such as landscape fragmentation caused by intensive farmland hardening road network.
It is (willow, white in the surrounding plantation arbor of grid cell using 200 mu of Wheat Maize Rotation fields as grid cell
Wax, fruit tree etc.) and shrub (golden-rimmed glossy privet, Chinese littleleaf box etc.), lower plantation flowers and plants (clover, rye grass, coreopsis etc.) is set, building is tall
Shrub stereo ecological net, arthropod generaI investigation, tall shrub plant net acquire 4 guiding principles, 12 mesh, 61 sections, 105 kinds altogether, wherein natural enemy 36
Kind, biological species and the more traditional forest network increase of quantity are extremely obvious, are specifically shown in Table 2.
The tall shrub stereo ecological net of 2 200 mu of Wheat Maize Rotation fields of table and traditional forest network compare
The intensive farmland intensified ecological model further includes non-agricultural patch ecological model, which passes through
Defeated drainage ditch or tall shrub ecological net and farmland are patch shape integral, move biology between non-agricultural patch and farmland patch
It moves, cuts down farmland patch and non-agricultural patch pollutant.
Specifically, non-agricultural patch includes forest land patch, villages and small towns patch and river lake and pool wet land patch；Wherein, forest land patch with
Based on underground covering；The tall shrub plant intermediate zone of 10~30m is built on the periphery of villages and small towns patch；River lake and pool wet land patch
Plant buffer belt is built on periphery.
For the intensive farmland intensified ecological model, 600 mu of intensive agricultural experiments is carried out within continuous 4 years in certain province and have shown
Model, demonstration area crop yield effectively improve, and farmland insect, honeybee, birds and useful animals population quantity dramatically increase,
It is effectively reduced the generation of pest and disease damage, improves soil quality, reduces the blindness application of chemical fertilizer and pesticide, nitrogen in agricultural drain
For tp removal rate up to 40%, the industrial crops such as lotus rhizome that farmland discharging-irrigating system ecology gallery introduces increase 1 Wan Yuyuan of agricultural incomes.
Farmland Qiao's shrub stereo ecological net capital construction is completed, and farmland band Intercropping System corn yield improves 10% compared with general planting,
Farmland ambient enviroment is significantly improved.
Finally, it should be noted that the above various embodiments is only to illustrate the technical solution of the utility model, rather than it is limited
System；Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should
Understand: it is still possible to modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or to some or all of
Technical characteristic is equivalently replaced；And these are modified or replaceed, it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution, and this is practical new
The range of each embodiment technical solution of type.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of intensive farmland intensified ecological model characterized by comprising
Make model between bandization wheel in farmland, making model between bandization wheel includes at least two crops, carries out wheel between the crop
Intercropping plant mode；
The irrigation and drainage system ecology corridor model of field boundary, the irrigation and drainage system ecology corridor model include criss-cross defeated draining
Irrigation canals and ditches and the vegetation planted on the defeated drainage ditch；
The tall shrub stereo ecological pessimistic concurrency control of field boundary, which is included in around field and farmland
Roadside constructs vegetational zone.
2. intensive farmland intensified ecological model according to claim 1, which is characterized in that further include non-agricultural patch ecology
Model, the non-agricultural patch ecological model is patch shape integral by the defeated drainage ditch or tall shrub ecological net and farmland,
Migrate biology between non-agricultural patch and the farmland patch.
3. intensive farmland intensified ecological model according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the non-agricultural patch includes woods
Ground patch, villages and small towns patch and river lake and pool wet land patch；
Based on the forest land patch is covered with underground；
The tall shrub plant intermediate zone of 10~30m is built on the periphery of the villages and small towns patch；
Plant buffer belt is built on the periphery of the river lake and pool wet land patch.
4. intensive farmland intensified ecological model according to claim 1-3, which is characterized in that the band wheel
Between make crop in model wide cut be 4~8m, bandwidth be 8~16m.
5. intensive farmland intensified ecological model according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the crop include corn and
Legume, the corn and the legume carry out wheel intercropping plant mode, and row replaces planting patterns year by year；
And/or the crop includes cereal crops and green manure plant, the cereal crops and the green manure plant make between carrying out wheel
Planting patterns, and row replaces planting patterns year by year.
6. intensive farmland intensified ecological model according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the Planting Row Distance of the corn
For 55~60cm；
The legume includes peanut or soybean, and the peanut uses ridge culture, and row spacing is 85~90cm, and ridge face width is 50~
55cm, a height of 8~10cm in ridge, every 2 row of ridge, line-spacing is 30~35cm on Gansu Province, and hill spacing is 12~18cm；
The Planting Row Distance of the soybean is 38~42cm, and spacing in the rows is 13~15cm.
7. intensive farmland intensified ecological model according to claim 1-3, which is characterized in that the defeated draining
Irrigation canals and ditches include the drainage ditch being located in farmland and the river that is located at outside farmland；
Plant herbaceous plant in the drainage ditch, the road roadside planting forest in the river plants greening below the forest
Landscape plant, the two side slopes plantation slope protection and/or landscape plant in the river, the bottom planting aquatic plants in the river.
8. intensive farmland intensified ecological model according to claim 7, which is characterized in that lay the two sides in the river
There are multiple hydrophilic steps, the distance between two neighboring described hydrophilic step is 300-500m.
9. intensive farmland intensified ecological model according to claim 1-3, which is characterized in that divided in farmland
The surrounding of the grid cell is arranged in multiple grid cells, the vegetational zone.
10. intensive farmland intensified ecological model according to claim 9, which is characterized in that the farmland with 300~
500 mu are divided into 1 grid cell, and the width of the vegetational zone is 4~8m；
The vegetational zone includes arbor, shrub and the flowers and plants for intersecting plantation.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109496712A (en) * | 2019-01-04 | 2019-03-22 | 农业部环境保护科研监测所 | Intensive farmland intensified ecological model |
| WO2023014336A1 (en) * | 2021-08-04 | 2023-02-09 | Наталия Мыхайливна МЭЛЬНЫК | Method of creating windbreak structures and/or woodlands by intercropping paulownia with fruit trees |
-
2019
- 2019-01-04 CN CN201920023234.6U patent/CN209435933U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109496712A (en) * | 2019-01-04 | 2019-03-22 | 农业部环境保护科研监测所 | Intensive farmland intensified ecological model |
| WO2023014336A1 (en) * | 2021-08-04 | 2023-02-09 | Наталия Мыхайливна МЭЛЬНЫК | Method of creating windbreak structures and/or woodlands by intercropping paulownia with fruit trees |
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