WO2023014336A1

WO2023014336A1 - Method of creating windbreak structures and/or woodlands by intercropping paulownia with fruit trees

Info

Publication number: WO2023014336A1
Application number: PCT/UA2022/000039
Authority: WO
Inventors: Наталия Мыхайливна МЭЛЬНЫК; Свитлана Иванивна КОВАЛЬ
Original assignee: Наталия Мыхайливна МЭЛЬНЫК
Priority date: 2021-08-04
Filing date: 2022-07-21
Publication date: 2023-02-09

Abstract

The invention relates to a method of creating windbreak structures and/or woodlands using Paulownia in conjunction with fruit trees, and fruit and/or berry bushes.

Description

METHOD FOR CREATING FOREST BELT AND/OR FOREST LAND STRUCTURE USING PAULOWNIA IN FRUIT TREE POLYCULTURE

The invention relates to methods for growing plants, namely to methods for forming forest belts, and can be used to create a structure of forest belts for various purposes with cultivation in Paulownia forest belts along with fruit trees, shrubs and the creation of an apiary.

Due to soil erosion, the loss of 10-12 million tons of grain annually is possible. One of the causes of wind erosion is the insufficient efficiency of windbreaks.

Forest belts should be an effective green shield for our fertile lands.

Protective forest belts are artificial forest plantations that are created on fields, plains and on the slopes of agricultural lands along the border of fields, in order to protect crops from dry winds, black storms, to improve the water regime of the soil and prevent its erosion, to increase crop yields, to improve in the fields of microclimate, snow retention, combating deflation and maintaining and improving soil fertility.

As a result of a decrease in wind speed in interstrip fields, unproductive evaporation of moisture from the soil surface and from excessive transpiration is significantly reduced. The shelter belt prevents snow cover from blowing into ravines and gullies, and on arable slopes it helps the soil to absorb storm and melt water, preventing them from running off to the surface, which protects the soil from soil erosion. On field-protective fields protected by forest belts, the physical properties of the soil improve, the humidity of the surface layer of air is higher here than in an open field, and the temperature regime for heat-loving plants more favorable. The yield of grain crops on fields protected by stripes increases by an average of 2-3 centners per hectare.

Protective forest belts are also useful in that they give tree seeds, fruits, and, when thinned, wood and brushwood. The honey content of many tree and shrub species contributes to the growth of beekeeping productivity. Of great importance is the improvement and decoration of the area with forest strips. Various birds settle in them, exterminating harmful insects and rodents. According to the available facts, illegal cutting of green spaces in the forest belts of the region is being carried out today in order to further sell wood as a product for heating. Behind each felled tree, the integrity of forest belts is destroyed, which further negatively affects the upper fertile soils. Without windbreaks, chernozem will be produced from the upper layers of the soil, which in turn will lead to a rapid decrease in the yield of grain crops and can lead to catastrophic consequences in general, leaving only sand and natural rocks. Such examples are already clearly visible on satellite images.

It should be taken into account that the State Forest Resources Agency notes that currently in Ukraine there are about 350 thousand hectares of field-protective and 90 thousand hectares of water-regulating forest belts. Under their protection is 13 million hectares of land, which is only 40% of arable land. Even 30-50 years ago, all fields were delimited by a fairly dense network of forest belts.

It is possible to plant a forest belt in a year, it is necessary to take care of it every year: thin out the upper reaches until it closes, treat against pests. At the same time, it is necessary to protect forest belts from damage (destruction or damage to trees, clogging, etc.).

Also, as a result of climate change, some trees withered in forest belts. According to research results, most of the existing forest belts are in need of reconstruction and maintenance. In addition, over the years, the area of arable land has increased, but new forest belts have not been created.

Creating new forest belts is not just planting trees. This is a separate science on which the technology is based, which ensures the effective implementation of their anti-erosion, primarily windproof, function. The issue of restoring and maintaining the proper condition of forest belts needs a nationwide program.

To fulfill their field-protective function, forest belts need regular maintenance. This means that, if used for the intended purpose, they will continue to remain anthropogenic formations and will not replace full-fledged natural ecosystems. However, the current realities must necessarily take into account not only the agro-industrial, but also the environmental component of forest belts. They can and should serve as corridors of the ecosystem and serve as settlements for a number of species of flora and fauna. The restoration or planting of new forest belts requires the obligatory implementation of modern requirements for the conservation of biodiversity.

At the same time, taking into account the large areas that are occupied by existing forest belts and will be occupied by new ones, it is possible to ensure the high productivity of these forest belts with the production of wood, fruits, berries, and beekeeping products.

From the prior art, a method is known for creating mixed forests resistant to root rot and fires (RF patent for the invention No. pits, in which, first, autumn strip tillage is carried out along the slopes with the formation of landing strips and uncultivated strips, then shrubs and related species are planted in rows on the landing strips, leaving places for planting the main species, then landing pits are prepared in the places for planting the main species, fall asleep their mixture of forest soil, sand, humus horizon and peat below the soil level up to 10 cm, and in late autumn, the main species are planted, forming rows with alternating shrubs, accompanying and main species. Shrubs and associated species alternate with seedlings of pine, oak and larch of the main species.

Of the accompanying species, the most preferred maples are Norway, Tatar and field maples; small-leaved linden; cherry plum; forest pear; wild apple tree; small-leaved elm; from shrubs introduced by alternation - common honeysuckle, amorpha, warty euonymus, silver sucker, sea buckthorn, mountain ash and chokeberry, spirea species, yellow acacia, steppe cherry, rosemary willow.

The disadvantages of the known method is the impossibility to ensure the high productivity of the created forest area with a high yield of berries and fruits, with a variety of products obtained, as well as to obtain a large amount of wood, since the known method provides and is possible to use only wild and forest tree species and does not provide for the cultivation of fast-growing species trees for timber.

Also known from the prior art is a method for forming forest belts (patent CN103125335 (A), IPC A01G 23/00, publ. monsoon port to the lower monsoon wind port, many types of arched trees, shrubs, needles and broad-leaved trees are planted, several types of trees are planted alternately on the economic plot, forming a forest belt, one or more types of walnut trees, peppers, apple trees and cherries are planted in the economic plot zone , and several types of trees are planted alternately, forming a forest belt. Different local trees are planted in different functional areas, special attention is paid to the rational combination of ecological trees and household trees, between coniferous and broad-leaved trees and between arched trees and shrubs, different trees are planted in a belt mixing mode.

One or more species of shrubs, conifers and broadleaf trees, and several trees are planted in succession to form a forest belt, and one or more walnut trees. Peppers, apples, pears, cherries are planted in commercial forests, trees are planted in turn, forming forest belts.

The known method provides an increase in the survival rate of trees, a significant economic benefit is achieved by growing commercial trees.

However, the known method does not allow the creation of forest belts, since the implementation requires a wide area of land. At the same time, the claimed method does not provide for the production of wood, which reduces the productivity of forest plots created by the known method.

Also known from the prior art is a method of growing forest plantations of increased and long-term honey content (Ukrainian patent No. 7237, IPC A01G 23/00, published on 06/30/1995, 09/15/2000), including selection, planting with appropriate mixing and placement of forest honey-bearing tree and shrub species . Selected honey-bearing trees and shrubs are pre-distributed according to flowering time, while simultaneously flowering plants are planted in clean rows, sections, with trees in the middle of the section, shrubs - along the edges.

Trees and shrubs are placed with a row spacing of 5-3.0 m and 0.62 m in a row.

After the beginning of closing, plantings are thinned out by continuous removal of trees through a row, in the last rows of trees and in rows of shrubs - through one plant.

The disadvantages of the known method include the following. The known method is costly because it requires time and resources to plant plants, which are then permanently removed. However, the known method does not provide the opportunity after the removal of trees completely and permanently between the rows, to receive wood constantly at short intervals. In addition, the known method is aimed at ensuring flowering and does not provide the possibility of obtaining crops from flowering fruit trees and fruit or berry bushes, which does not allow obtaining a forest belt with an expanded range of products obtained and significantly increased productivity.

The closest analogue is the method of creating shelterbelts (Ukrainian patent for utility model No. 142244 U, IPC A01G 23/00, published on May 25, 2020, bull. No. 10), which includes soil preparation, site marking, planting of durable and fast-growing tree species and agrotechnical caring for them, in which, in order to obtain wood from the shelterbelt for energy purposes, the aerial part of fast-growing tree species is cut off every 2-4 years.

The disadvantages of the known analogue should include the following.

Using the known method, it is impossible to obtain, in addition to wood, other products, such as fruits, berries and bee products, and thus increase the productivity of the protective forest belt and ensure biodiversity.

Also, using the known method, the possibility of permanent protection of forest belts to exclude damage or destruction of plants, constant care of plants is not ensured, since the need for seasonal plant care, harvesting, honey is not ensured, which can lead to neglect, thinning and / or uneven thickening, which in turn will lead to the failure of forest belts to fulfill their protective function and to soil erosion. The invention is based on the task of creating a new highly efficient method for creating a structure of forest belts and / or forest areas using Paulownia in the polyculture of fruit trees, shrubs and beekeeping, which will ensure the formation of forest belts for various purposes with increased protective function and durability, increased productivity with an expansion of the range of products obtained, such as wood, fruits, berries and honey.

The task is achieved by the fact that according to the method of creating a structure of forest belts and / or forest areas using Paulownia in the polyculture of fruit trees, according to which fast-growing trees are planted, according to the proposal, how fast-growing trees are planted Paulownia in at least one row, after at least one fruit trees and fruit and/or berry bushes are planted in the Paulownia row.

Also, according to the proposal, at least one row of Paulownia is planted on the left and/or right side of the forest belt.

At the same time, according to the proposal, at least one row of Paulownia is planted on the left and/or on the right side of the forest belt, depending on the direction and/or speed of the wind.

At the same time, according to the proposal, at least one row of Paulownia is planted on the windward side.

Also, according to the proposal, native trees are planted.

Also, according to the proposal, fruit trees are planted, which are columnar.

Also, according to the proposal, an apiary is being created in the forest belt.

At the same time, according to the proposal, beehives are located near fruit trees and/or near fruit bushes.

At the same time, according to the proposal, the forest belt is created with the possibility of protecting the fields from the wind and/or along transport roads and/or on the slope and/or at the foot of the mountain. The listed features of the proposed technical solution are the essential features of the claimed invention, and their combination allows to obtain the expected technical result - providing the possibility, using the claimed method, to create a forest belt with increased productivity, productivity, useful life, to provide an increased amount of wood and yields of berries and fruits, and/ or nuts, as well as bee products.

This ensures constant care and protection created by the claimed method of forest belts, which increases their protective function.

The causal relationship of the essential features of the proposed solution with the achieved technical result is as follows.

Planting Paulownia seedlings when creating forest belts in the aggregate of the essential features of the claimed method allows to increase productivity with an increase in the volume of wood received, since Paulownia trees grow very quickly compared to other fast-growing trees - 3-5 m per year and gain biomass up to 150-180 tons per hectare in three years, are able to quickly regenerate after repeated felling, as well as provide high quality of the resulting wood, which does not absorb moisture, does not rot and is durable, and versatility, since Paulownia (Adam tree) wood is suitable for the production of biogas and biofuels, along with other applications - replacement of plastic products with an increase in environmental friendliness, in aircraft and yacht building, for creating furniture and much more. Paulownia leaves are used as animal feed.

Paulownia is also a honey plant. For comparison, acacia provides honey up to 350 kg/ha, and Paulownia - up to 700-1000 kg/ha.

At the same time, due to the unpretentiousness of such a tree as Paulownia, uniform filling of forest belts with Paulownia trees is ensured, their long-term growth in a permanent place, which also provides an increase in the protective function of the created forest belts and the period of use.

Planting fruit trees and fruit and/or berry bushes next to at least one row of Paulownia allows you to increase productivity with an increase in the volume and names of the products obtained.

At the same time, the planting of native fruit trees ensures stable filling and their long-term presence in the created forest belt, which provides a forest belt evenly filled with trees, which ensures an increase in its protective function from the wind. At the same time, the long-term use of native trees is also ensured, which increases the terms of use of the created forest belt, eliminating the need to renew seedlings.

In the aggregate of features, the claimed method allows to increase productivity, protect natural biodiversity, expand the range of products obtained from the forest belt and / or forest area created according to the claimed method, and provide care and protection that ensures stability, uniformity of plant arrangement, increasing the lifespan of the queue provides an increase in the protective function created forest belts to protect the soil of fields, plants growing on them and crops.

The creation of an apiary in the forest belt allows the use of flowering plants both in the fields and in the forest belt created according to the claimed method, and to expand the range of products obtained, and to provide protection, increase the productivity of forest belts created by the claimed method.

Farmers or other users of forest belts can obtain and protect products from forest belts.

Carry out the claimed method as follows.

The purpose of the claimed method is the protection of natural biodiversity and the environment. The uniqueness lies in the fact that so far in Ukraine no one has grown such a tree as Paulownia for use in forest belts.

Therefore, for scientific experience on the territory of Ukraine, namely the Kherson region, Golopristanskaya UTC, Novotroitskaya UTC, Berislavskaya UTC can be created in the embodiment, which does not limit the possible options for implementation, new forest belts that will include polyculture: Paulownia, Oak, Maple, Mulberry, Walnut, Cherry, and fruit bushes, + beekeeping.

When implementing the method, if necessary, the soil is prepared for planting seedlings. If necessary, fertilizers are laid in the holes for planting trees and / or shrubs (fruit-bearing or berry bushes) or other necessary operations are carried out.

Landing plan in the version:

The demarcation between the trees should be with a gap of 2.5 meters, and in the middle - fruit bushes between native tree species (from Agrust to Currant, Raspberry, Lokhina, Barberry, Kalina, Elderberry, Yoshta) in any order.

A variant of the sequence of arrangement of plants in the forest belt created according to the claimed method is possible:

Another possible option:

Another possible option:

Another possible option:

They land Paulownia on the right or left, depending on the prevailing wind speed and / or direction.

Depending on climatic conditions and soil properties, in other regions of Ukraine, or (on the territory of other states) instead of Cherry, Mulberry, you can use trees that are most common for that area, that is, Apple trees, Pears, Cherries, Peaches, (including number of columnar) forms) and so on.

The apiary is set along the perimeter of the forest belt near native species of trees, so that when cutting Paulownia, the beehives for bees will not be touched.

It is known that Paulownia, one tree with a height of up to 15 meters, contains more than two tons of water, so for mountainous areas from landslides and floods, Paulownia must be planted in the polyculture of those trees that are native, that is, Spruce, Smereka, Beech, Oak, etc.

Native plant species grow for over 70 years to a height of 20 meters, while Paulownia will produce 5-7 regeneration cycles with proper care.

Thus, a garden-forest is being formed, which will have an ecological and economic feasibility for flora and fauna.

In Ukraine, Paulownia can be useful up to 20-50 years. After each pruning, which is carried out at any time of the year with an interval of 4-8 years, the tree grows back. With proper care, after 7 years, you can get 240-350 m ³ of quality wood from 1 ha, while the wood accumulating in a large amount of tannins, resistant to many pests and diseases.

Paulownia wood is one third lighter than other tree species, Ukrainian scientists note. “The trunk is straight, extremely resistant to bending and twisting, with a nice intense straight grain design,” they note. - Soft grainy texture, odorless, light, smooth, and resistant to fire, moisture and deformation 100% environmentally friendly raw materials suitable for furniture (color changes from pale yellow to light red) and building materials (strength index on the compression of Paulownia wood fibers is 281 kg/cm ² )”.

More than 800 kg of honey can be harvested from one hectare of Paulownia, scientists say. “Paulownia honey is transparent, very pure and fragrant, in color and consistency it can only be compared with acacia honey. When growing Paulownia, chemicals that can harm bees are not used, which makes it possible to obtain a completely environmentally friendly product for treatment.”

“Wood is suitable for the production of pellets, the energy value of which is 4211.1 kcal / kg (2 kg of Paulownia pellets is equivalent to 1 liter of diesel fuel), biogas can be produced from the leaves,” the scientists explain. Paulownia can also be used as a raw material for the production of bioethanol: today there are technologies that allow you to get from 1 ton of dry wood to 0.5 tons of ethanol.”

Oak is (native species) one of the most famous and most valuable tree species, oak stands occupy 28% of the forest area and are distributed in all regions of Ukraine from the western borders to the eastern. An objective assessment of the climatic conditions of Ukraine shows that in oak forests the potential productivity of common oak stands at maturity (100-120) is 500-600 m ³ / ha of stem wood, but their actual average stock does not exceed 250-280 m ³ / ha. Relatively low actual the productivity of oak stands is the result of the interaction of biotic, abiotic and anthropogenic factors.

Maple is a common highly productive spring honey plant and pollen plant. Unfortunately, weak bee colonies use bribes from it only for the development of brood and their own nutrition, and only colonies that have emerged from wintering strong accumulate in hives from 4 to 8 kg of maple honey in reserve. Honey productivity - more than 200 kg per 1 ha. Maple honey is light, fragrant, pleasant to the taste.

Cherry is a woody plant belonging to trees of the first magnitude. It is characterized by rapid growth, especially at a young age. The crown is ovoid, however, depending on the growing conditions, its shape can vary from ovoid to cone-shaped. A characteristic feature of the sweet cherry is the presence of two types of shoots: brachyblasts and auxiblasts. The bark of young trees is brown, red or silvery in color, with numerous stripes, covered with brown lenticels for a long time, sometimes it can peel off in transverse thin films.

Voloshsky nut, also walnut; (Juglans regia L.) - a tall tree (up to 30 - 35 m tall) of the walnut family (Juglandaceae) with a spherical, spreading crown. Grown for valuable edible fruits (nuts) and wood; can be used as a medicinal plant.

Voloshsky walnut is also valued as a garden and park culture, as a dust and gas resistant and durable breed. It is recommended for single, group plantings and alleys, creating arrays, planting roads. Voloshsky nut is widely used in forest reclamation plantations. Its dense crown has good windproof properties, and the leaves enrich the soil with humus. Drought resistance, durability, ability to sprout recovery allow it to be used as an accompanying fruit rock in shelterbelts, beams and in protective plantings on irrigated lands.

Mulberry is a light-loving, rather frost-resistant and drought-resistant plant, resistant to dust and gases. There are weeping, pyramidal, spherical and other forms that are used in gardening. Mulberry is propagated by seeds, cuttings and grafting. It is better to plant fruitful forms behind the bark in the spring during the period of active sap flow or in the summer by budding. In plantations, you need to have male and female specimens or graft cuttings of the opposite sex into the crown, as this is a dioecious, dioecious, wind-pollinated plant. Mulberries also have trees in which male and female flowers are in the same inflorescence. It is possible to distinguish between male and female specimens only with the onset of fruiting.

fruitful shrub

Bush ■ - life form (biomorph) of perennial plants with several lignified skeletal axes (the main one only at the beginning of life).

The main source of accumulation of organic matter in arable soils are cultivated plants - their root and post-harvest residues. More organic matter enters the soil with plant residues in typical crop rotations than with organic fertilizers. The accumulation of organic matter in the soil occurs already during the vegetation of plants due to the regeneration of the root system, root secretions and increased activity of microorganisms. Consequently, agricultural crops, like plants, are not only "consumers", but also active "creators" of soil fertility.

The innovation of the project lies in the fact that the introduction of a new science-based and tested in the future will bring great benefits to maintain the functioning of the forest belts, which is a necessary and urgently needed measure to combat erosion, devastation and loss of biodiversity. Under hypothetical conditions of their ideal state forest belts are able to stop this negative ecological process of large arable land in Ukraine.

The innovativeness of the use in the forest belts and woodlands of Paulownia is that this tree grows very quickly. For six years, its height can reach 6-7 meters. The leaves of the tree are used for livestock feed, and the wood is excellent for furniture. It is known that Paulownia has found its application in alternative energy. Some varieties of the tree have many flowers and last up to 8 weeks, making Paulownia orchards very popular with European honey producers. In industry, every 5-6 years the tree is cut at the root and next year a new sprout grows in this place. So Paulownia grows six or seven times. Ecologists note that this breed can be a salvation in the matter of deforestation and the preservation of the ecosystem in the adjacent areas of agricultural landscapes.

The Paulownia cultivation cycle can be up to 7 times. When cut at the root, the tree regenerates the trunk for new growth. When an oak grows up to a height of 20 meters in 75 years, then Paulownia, with its cycle for the same years, will give a profit of raw materials 5 times more.

Also, the innovation of the project is the introduction of fruit-bearing trees and bushes to enrich the soil with organic remains that will produce fruit-bearing plants. Environmental regeneration will heal the ecosystem from previous damage and ensure the migration of animals and reduce negative climate change.

For the profitability of the forest belt, an apiary is being introduced.

According to environmentalists, the fact that many species of bees have already disappeared from the face of the planet or are on the list of endangered species is a danger to the entire Earth, including humanity.

From 60 to 90% of food people get thanks to pollinating insects, and above all, bees. Among the foods we could not have had without their support are fruits, vegetables, grains and nuts. This means in in particular, that the decline in the number of bees will affect other species, including humans.

With the beginning of spring field work, agricultural producers widely use pesticides to treat crops. Legal entities and individuals using plant protection products are required to comply with the current regulatory legal acts providing for the protection of bees from poisoning. Last year, due to violations during the mass use of pesticides on the sown areas of agricultural plants, cases of poisoning and death of bees became more frequent.

There are more than 2 million bee colonies in Ukraine. And yet the current state of beekeeping does not meet the requirements of modern times. Our population is insufficiently provided with bee honey - a valuable food product, which also has medicinal properties. Recent work by medical scientists and physicians has shown that other apiary products (wax, propolis, pollen, royal jelly and bee venom) should be used more effectively in medicine and a number of other industries. However, beekeeping is becoming increasingly important as an effective means of increasing productivity and improving the quality of fruits, vegetables, legumes, industrial and other crops. Suffice it to say that the indirect annual income from their pollination is ten times the value of apiary production.

In this regard, beekeeping can be considered as an important ecological and economic factor in agricultural production.

The positive advantages of the claimed method are:

1) in economic benefits (when obtaining raw materials from Paulownia trees, preserving agricultural land from various erosions, which will preserve the productivity of adjacent territories);

2) in the environmental (due to a decrease in wind speed in the interstrip fields, unproductive evaporation is significantly reduced moisture from the soil surface and from excessive transpiration; the shelter belt prevents snow cover from blowing into ravines and gullies, and on arable slopes it helps the soil absorb storm and melt water, preventing them from running off to the surface, which protects the soil from soil erosion; on field-protective fields protected by forest belts, the physical properties of the soil improve, the humidity of the surface layer of air is higher here than in an open field, and the temperature regime for heat-loving plants is more favorable);

3) in the interest of entrepreneurs who rent arable land and grow crops, as in a successful and profitable business;

4) in the interest of residents of the UTC;

5) in increased efficiency of protection of arable areas of Ukrainian lands from erosion;

6) in improving the socio-economic situation of the tree planting area through the involvement of the local population and entrepreneurs in the practical implementation of work;

7) in improving the ecological state of CO2-O2;

8) in attracting scientists to obtain data and implement this project in all possible territories of Ukraine;

9) distribution of the project in all regions of Ukraine.

A comparative analysis of the above technical solution with the closest analogue showed that the implementation of a set of essential features that characterize the invention leads to the appearance of qualitatively new technical properties indicated above.

Since the combination of these properties has not been previously established from the existing prior art, we can conclude that the proposed technical solution meets the criterion of "inventive step". At the same time, in the well-known sources of patent and other scientific and technical information, a method for creating a structure of forest belts and / or forest areas using Paulownia in the polyculture of fruit trees with the set of essential features specified in the proposal was not found, therefore, the proposed technical solution is considered to be such that it meets the criterion of "novelty ".

The proposed technical solution is industrially applicable, since it does not contain any actions, operations or measures that cannot be reproduced at the present stage of technology development.

Claims

FORMULA

1. A method for creating a structure of forest belts and / or forest areas using Paulownia in the polyculture of fruit trees, in which fast-growing trees are planted, which differs in that, as fast-growing trees, Paulownia is planted in at least one row, after at least one row, Paulownia is planted fruit trees and fruit and/or berry bushes.

2. A method for creating a structure of forest belts and/or forest areas using Paulownia in the polyculture of fruit trees according to claim 1, which is characterized in that at least one row of Paulownia is planted on the left and/or right side of the forest belt.

3. A method for creating a structure of forest belts and / or forest areas using Paulownia in the polyculture of fruit trees according to claim 1, which is characterized in that at least one row of Paulownia is planted on the left and / or on the right side of the forest belt, depending on the direction and / or wind speed.

4. A method for creating a structure of forest belts and/or forest areas using Paulownia in the polyculture of fruit trees according to claim 1, which is characterized in that at least one row of Paulownia is planted on the windward side.

5. A method for creating a structure of forest belts and/or forest areas using Paulownia in the polyculture of fruit trees according to claim 1, which differs in that native trees are planted.

6. A method for creating a structure of forest belts and/or forest areas using Paulownia in the polyculture of fruit trees according to claim 1, which differs in that fruit trees are planted that are columnar.

7. A method for creating a structure of forest belts and/or forest areas using Paulownia in the polyculture of fruit trees according to claim 1, which differs in that an apiary is created in the forest belt.

8. A method for creating a structure of forest belts and/or forest areas using Paulownia in the polyculture of fruit trees according to claim 1, which differs in that the hives are located near fruit trees and/or near fruit bushes.

9. A method for creating a structure of forest belts and / or forest areas using Paulownia in the polyculture of fruit trees according to claim 1, which differs in that the forest belt is created with the possibility of protecting fields from the wind and / or along transport roads and / or on a slope and / or at the foot of the mountain.