CN207235711U - Capsicum layer stereo soilless-culture equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a multi-layer three-dimensional soilless cultivation equipment for peppers, comprising a cultivation tank, a "soil"-shaped support frame composed of vertical support rods, longitudinal support rods and horizontal support rods for placing the cultivation tank, a liquid supply pipeline system and a liquid return system. In the pipeline system, a cultivation groove is arranged at the top of the "soil"-shaped support frame, and a cultivation groove is respectively arranged at the middle and bottom sides of the "soil"-shaped support frame. Cultivation bags are set in the cultivation tank, and the nutrient solution is pumped from the nutrient solution pool into the liquid supply main pipe of the liquid supply pipeline system by the water pump, and enters the liquid supply pipe outside the tank through the liquid supply branch pipe connected with the liquid supply main pipe, and passes through the tank. The liquid supply pipe in the tank connected with the external liquid supply pipe enters the cultivation bag in the cultivation tank for the vegetables to absorb, and then enters the liquid return pipe outside the tank of the liquid return pipeline system through the liquid return pipe in the tank at the liquid return end of the liquid return pipeline system. Finally, it flows into the liquid return main pipe connected with the liquid return pipe outside the tank, and flows back to the nutrient solution pool to complete the cycle. This equipment can change the advantages of traditional greenhouse pepper cultivation on the ground layer, resulting in waste of space. It can make peppers concentrated fruiting, centralized harvesting, shorten the growth period, increase stubble times, increase yield, soilless cultivation, water saving and fertilizer saving.

Description

Pepper multi-layer three-dimensional soilless cultivation equipment

technical field

The utility model relates to the field of greenhouse and plastic greenhouse planting, in particular to a pepper multi-layer three-dimensional soilless cultivation equipment which adopts soilless cultivation and has obvious water-saving and fertilizer-saving effects to solve the problem of idle waste in the upper part.

Background technique

Capsicum has a strong natural branching habit. Natural branches can be used to concentrate the results. Artificial pruning and hanging vines can also be used for long-season cultivation. In terms of production, flat single-layer planting is usually carried out in greenhouses and plastic greenhouses. When the ground layer of crops grows, the tall upper space is idle and wasted. Adopting natural branching cultivation, the plants are low and the output is low; using artificial pruning, there are problems of cutting branches and hanging vines. Traditional pepper soil cultivation has a large amount of irrigation water, large amount of fertilization, and unbalanced fertilization, resulting in serious obstacles to continuous cropping, low yield, and serious diseases; the existing soilless cultivation of peppers is mostly substrate cultivation, which requires large investment in cultivation substrates and problems in crop replacement cultivation. The problem of labor-intensive disinfection also has the environmental problems of matrix washing salt and matrix scrapping. There is an urgent need for effective solutions to the efficient use of space in greenhouses and plastic greenhouses, the obstacles to continuous cropping in soil, the high cost of pepper substrate cultivation, and environmental problems.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of this utility model is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and provide a method that can change the traditional greenhouse and plastic shed peppers are cultivated on the ground floor, resulting in a waste of space, so that the peppers can be concentrated and harvested, and the growth period can be shortened. , Multi-layer three-dimensional soilless cultivation equipment for peppers that increase crop times, increase yield, soilless cultivation, and save water and fertilizer.

In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, a technical solution adopted by the utility model is as follows:

A multi-layer three-dimensional soilless cultivation equipment for peppers, including a cultivation tank, a "soil"-shaped support frame composed of vertical support rods, longitudinal support rods, and horizontal support rods for placing the cultivation tank, and a liquid supply pipeline system installed on the cultivation tank. The liquid return pipeline system is characterized in that there is a cultivation groove on the top of the "soil"-shaped support frame, a cultivation groove on both sides of the middle part of the "soil"-shaped support frame, and a cultivation groove on both sides of the bottom of the "soil"-shaped support frame In the cultivation tank, there is a cultivation bag with the upper opening and the lower part closed, which is connected to the liquid supply end of the liquid supply pipeline system and the return liquid end of the liquid return pipeline system. The nutrient solution pool is pumped into the main liquid supply pipe of the liquid supply pipeline system, enters the liquid supply pipe outside the tank through the liquid supply branch pipe connected with the liquid supply main pipe, and enters the liquid supply pipe outside the tank through the liquid supply pipe connected with the liquid supply pipe outside the tank It enters the cultivation bag in the cultivation tank for the vegetables to absorb, and then enters the liquid return pipe outside the tank of the return pipe system through the return liquid end of the liquid return pipeline system and the liquid return pipe in the tank, and finally flows into the liquid return pipe connected with the liquid return pipe outside the tank. Return to the liquid main pipe and flow back to the nutrient solution pool to complete the cycle.

The slope of the cultivation tank on the "soil"-shaped support frame is different due to the method of soilless cultivation. When using nutrient liquid film cultivation, the slope of the cultivation tank liquid supply end and liquid return end is 100-75:1. In deep-water soilless cultivation, the liquid supply end and the liquid return end of the cultivation tank are on the same plane, and the slope is zero.

The size of the "soil"-shaped support frame is: the width of the bottom edge of the "soil"-shaped support frame is 120-165 cm, and the height of the "soil"-shaped support frame from the bottom edge to the upper edge of the top cultivation groove is 190-220 cm; the layer spacing of the cultivation groove : The clear space height of the near-ground layer cultivation tank and the middle layer cultivation tank is 70-100 centimeters; the clearance space height of the middle layer cultivation tank and the upper layer cultivation tank is 40-70 centimeters.

One cultivation groove is arranged on the uppermost layer, two cultivation grooves are respectively arranged on the middle layer and the lower layer, the cultivation grooves in the middle layer are horizontally separated by 30-50 cm, and the cultivation grooves in the lower layer are horizontally separated by 100-145 cm.

The cultivation tank is a "U"-shaped structure, made of foam plastic, with a thickness of 1.5-2.0 cm, and has the heat insulation performance of an incubator. The cultivation tank is 20-22 cm wide, 10-15 cm high, and has a cover.

The height of the liquid return pipe in the cultivation tank varies with the soilless cultivation methods used; when the nutrient solution film is used for cultivation, the height of the liquid return pipe in the tank is equal to the bottom of the cultivation bag, that is, the height of the liquid return pipe in the tank is 0 cm ; When using deep hydroponics, the height of the liquid return pipe in the tank is equal to the set nutrient solution depth, 8 to 10 cm high, and equipped with a water level controller.

The cultivation tank contains a cultivation bag. The material of the cultivation bag is plastic film, with a width of 50-60 cm, a thickness of 0.1-0.2 mm, and a length of no more than 30 meters according to the length of the cultivation tank. The bottom of the cultivation bag is bonded, and the shape of the cultivation bag is different due to the different soilless cultivation methods. When the nutrient solution film is used for cultivation, the cultivation bag is triangular, and the plastic film of the cultivation bag is folded into an isosceles triangle around the stem height of the seedling body in the cultivation tank. , the height of the triangle is 10-15 cm, and the two sides of the apex of the triangle are folded and sealed with clips or paper clips; when deep hydroponics is used, the plastic film of the cultivation bag is close to the inner wall of the cultivation tank to form a double "U" shaped cultivation tank, and the plastic film is lifted To prevent leakage, it is also convenient for cleaning and disinfection when changing stubble.

The cover plate of the cultivation tank is a structure in which two pieces are fitted with each other. After the two plates are fitted with each other, a seedling introduction hole is left, which has the characteristics of relative airtightness, heat preservation and heat insulation.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows: one is to solve the problem of wasting the upper space of greenhouses and sheds due to the single-layer cultivation of peppers in the prior art; In the event of disease, no or less pesticides are used, which improves the quality of vegetables; third, the fruits and peppers are concentrated and harvested, which shortens the growth period of each crop of vegetables, and can be increased from two crops to three crops per year, increasing production. The number of crops increases by more than 30%; Fourth, it solves the problems of long growth period, root system aging, nutrient deficiency, and serious diseases in traditional pepper soilless cultivation; Fifth, the cultivation tank is made of thermal insulation materials, which is convenient for heating in winter and cooling in summer Sixth, a cultivation bag is provided in the cultivation tank, which is convenient to form a closed environment, which is conducive to rooting after planting, and is convenient for cleaning when changing stubble; seventh, the use of soilless cultivation has obvious effects of saving water and fertilizer, saving more than 50% of water on average, saving More than 40% fat.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of a pepper multi-layer three-dimensional soilless cultivation equipment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a liquid supply end of a pepper multi-layer three-dimensional soilless cultivation equipment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a liquid return end of a pepper multi-layer three-dimensional soilless cultivation equipment of the present utility model.

Fig. 4 is a side view of a pepper multi-layer three-dimensional soilless cultivation equipment of the present utility model.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a cultivation tank of a pepper multi-layer three-dimensional soilless cultivation equipment of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the separation of the cover plate of the cultivation tank of the pepper multi-layer three-dimensional soilless cultivation equipment of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a multi-layer three-dimensional soilless cultivation equipment for peppers of the present invention after the cultivation tank cover plate is fitted.

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of water level control of a pepper multi-layer three-dimensional soilless cultivation equipment of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a structural schematic diagram of a water level controller of a pepper multi-layer three-dimensional soilless cultivation equipment of the present invention.

The marks of each part in the accompanying drawings are as follows:

1. Cultivation tank, 2. Cultivation bag, 3. Seedling raising substrate, 4. Fruit and vegetable plants, 5. Liquid return pipe in the tank, 6. Liquid supply pipe outside the tank, 7. Liquid return main pipe, 8. Vertical support rod, 9 , vertical support rod, 10, horizontal support rod, 11, vertical support rod support foot, 12, liquid supply main pipe, 13, liquid supply branch pipe, 14, liquid supply pipe valve, 15, liquid supply pipe in the tank, 16, ground, 17. Cultivation tank cover plate, 18. Cultivation tank support plate, 19. Seedling introduction hole, 20. Water level controller, 21. Inner bottom surface of the cultivation bag, 22. "Triangle" notch, 23. Liquid return pipe and casing in the bag Gap, 24, water level control siphon sleeve.

Detailed ways

The preferred embodiments of the present utility model are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Please refer to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4. The pipeline system, vertical support rods, longitudinal support rods, and horizontal support rods solve the problems of waste of space, low yield and serious diseases in greenhouses and plastic greenhouses. Embodiment 1: A preferred embodiment of multi-layer three-dimensional soilless cultivation equipment for peppers, the specific implementation method:

As shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, and Fig. 6, a multi-layer three-dimensional soilless cultivation equipment for peppers comprises a cultivation tank 1, a vertical support rod 8 for placing the cultivation tank 1, and a longitudinal support Rod 9, lateral support bar 10 form " earth " shape support frame and be installed on the liquid supply pipeline system and the liquid return pipeline system on cultivation groove 1, " soil " shape support frame top is provided with a cultivation groove 1, and " soil " shape middle part A cultivation tank 1 is provided on both sides, and a cultivation tank 1 is provided on both sides of the bottom of the "soil"-shaped support frame. In the cultivation tank, there is a liquid supply end and a liquid return pipeline system with an upper opening and a closed lower part. The cultivation bag connected to the liquid return end, the cultivation tank is made of thermal insulation material, and the nutrient solution required by the vegetables is pumped from the nutrient solution pool into the liquid supply main pipe 12 of the liquid supply pipeline system by a water pump, and is connected with the liquid supply main pipe 12 The liquid supply branch pipe 13 enters the liquid supply pipe 6 outside the tank, and enters the cultivation bag 2 in the cultivation tank for the fruit and vegetable plants 4 to absorb through the liquid supply pipe 15 in the tank connected with the liquid supply pipe 6 outside the tank, and then passes through the liquid return pipeline The liquid return end of the system and the liquid return pipe 5 in the tank enter the liquid return pipe outside the tank of the liquid return pipeline system, and finally flow into the liquid return main pipe 7 connected with the liquid return pipe outside the tank, and flow back to the nutrient solution pool to complete the cycle.

The size of the "soil"-shaped support frame is: the width of the bottom edge of the "soil"-shaped support frame is 120-165 cm, and the height of the "soil"-shaped support frame from the bottom edge to the upper edge of the top cultivation groove is 190-220 cm; the layer spacing of the cultivation groove : The clear space height of the near-ground layer cultivation tank and the middle layer cultivation tank is 70-100 centimeters; the clearance space height of the middle layer cultivation tank and the upper layer cultivation tank is 40-70 centimeters. One cultivation groove 1 is arranged on the top layer, two cultivation grooves are respectively arranged on the middle layer and the lower layer, the cultivation grooves in the middle layer are horizontally separated by 30-50 centimeters, and the cultivation grooves in the lower layer are horizontally separated by 100-145 centimeters. Cultivation tank 1 is a "U"-shaped structure made of foamed plastic with a thickness of 1.5 to 2.0 centimeters and has heat insulation performance of an incubator. The cultivation tank is 20 to 22 centimeters wide and 10 to 15 centimeters high with a cover plate.

Also be equipped with vertical support bar frame pin 11 below the cultivation groove of near ground layer, vertical support bar frame pin 11 is installed on the ground 16. Cultivation tank 1 is installed on the " earth " shape support frame that longitudinal support rod 9 and transverse support rod 10 form by 1 cultivation tank supporting plate 8 .

The slope of cultivation tank 1 on the "soil"-shaped support frame is different due to the way of soilless cultivation. When using nutrient liquid film cultivation, the slope of the cultivation tank liquid supply end and liquid return end is 100-75:1.

The height of the liquid return pipe in the cultivation tank varies with the soilless cultivation methods used; when the nutrient solution film is used for cultivation, the height of the liquid return pipe in the tank is equal to the bottom of the cultivation bag, that is, the height of the liquid return pipe in the tank is 0 cm ;The cultivation tank contains a cultivation bag, the material of the cultivation bag is plastic film, 50-60 cm wide, 0.1-0.2 mm thick, and the length is not longer than 30 meters according to the length of the cultivation tank. The bottom of the tank is bonded, and the shape of the cultivation bag is different due to the different soilless cultivation methods used. When the nutrient solution film is used for cultivation, the cultivation bag is triangular, and the plastic film of the cultivation bag is folded into isosceles around the stem height of the seedling body in the cultivation tank. Triangle, the height of the triangle is 10-15 cm, and the two sides of the corners of the triangle are folded and sealed with clips or paper clips;

As shown in Figures 6 and 7, the cultivation tank cover plate 17 is two mutually fitted structures. After the two plates are fitted together, a seedling introduction hole 19 is reserved, which has the characteristics of relative airtightness, heat preservation and heat insulation.

As shown in Figures 1, 2, 3, and 5, nutrient liquid film cultivation is adopted, the slope of the cultivation tank is 75:1, the opening of the liquid return pipe in the tank at the liquid return end is equal to the bottom of the cultivation bag, and the cultivation bag 2 in the tank is isosceles Triangular shape, nutrient solution using Hoagland formula. The main pepper species are selected from the local area, and 50-hole plug trays are used for seedling cultivation. The seedling substrate is peat (V): perlite (V) = 1:4 ratio, and the pepper seedlings are planted when the height of the pepper seedlings is more than 15 cm. Prepare nutrient solution earlier before field planting, pump nutrient solution into liquid supply main pipe 12 by water pump, enter liquid supply branch pipe 13, enter in the cultivation bag 2 of cultivation groove 1 in the liquid supply pipe 15 that enters in the tank. The root system of pepper seedlings protrudes from the seedling-raising matrix 3, the root system protruding from the lower part absorbs water and mineral nutrients from the nutrient solution, the root system protruding from the upper part produces a large number of "moisture roots" to breathe air, and a part of the root system elongates into the nutrient solution to absorb water and mineral nutrition. A liquid supply pipe valve 14 is also installed on the liquid supply branch pipe 13 .

The nutrient solution flows through the bottom of the cultivation bag, enters the liquid return pipe outside the tank through the liquid return pipe 5 in the tank, then flows into the liquid return main pipe 7, and flows back to the nutrient solution pool to complete the cycle.

Embodiment 2: In another preferred embodiment of pepper multi-layer three-dimensional soilless cultivation equipment, what adopt is deep hydroponic cultivation technology, as shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3, Figure 5, Figure 6, Figure 7, Shown in Figure 8 and Figure 9, the specific implementation method:

When using deep hydroponics, the height of the liquid return pipe in the tank is equal to the set nutrient solution depth, 8-10 cm high, and equipped with a water level controller. When using deep hydroponics, the plastic film of the cultivation bag is close to the inner wall of the cultivation tank to form a double "U" shaped cultivation tank. The plastic film is leak-proof and easy to clean and disinfect when changing stubble.

The nutrient solution deep hydroponic cultivation technology is adopted, the liquid supply end and the liquid return end of the cultivation tank are at the same horizontal position, there is no slope drop, and the liquid return pipe in the liquid return end tank is 8 to 10 cm higher than the bottom of the cultivation bag, and its outer buckle sleeve constitutes The water level controller, the nutrient solution adopts Hoagland's formula, and the double "U" shaped cultivation tank formed by overlapping the cultivation bag and the cultivation tank is adopted. The peppers are selected as the main local species, and the seedlings are raised in 50-hole plug trays. The seedling substrate is prepared with a ratio of peat (V): perlite (V) = 1:4, and the pepper seedlings are planted when the height is more than 20 cm. Prepare the nutrient solution before planting, pump the nutrient solution into the liquid supply main pipe 12 by the water pump, enter the liquid supply branch pipe 13, enter the internal liquid supply pipe 15 through the external liquid supply pipe 6 of the tank, and enter the double cultivation tank and the cultivation bag. "U" shaped cultivation tank.

The capsicum root system that sends out from the seedling-growing substrate is immersed in the nutrient solution to absorb water and mineral nutrients; as the depth of the nutrient solution in the tank increases, it is immersed in the nutrient solution to absorb water and mineral nutrients, and the nutrients pass through the lower part of the casing of the water level controller 20 The "triangular" notch 22 located on the inner bottom surface 21 of the cultivation bag enters the gap 23 between the liquid return pipe and the sleeve pipe in the tank, and as the nutrient liquid level continues to rise, when the depth of the nutrient solution layer in the cultivation tank reaches the liquid return pipe 5 in the tank Along the time, the nutrient solution enters the liquid return pipe 5 in the tank, and then a vacuum is formed between the upper edge of the liquid return pipe 5 in the tank and the top of the water level control siphon sleeve 24, and a siphon phenomenon occurs. After the liquid supply pipe stops supplying liquid, the siphon phenomenon Continue until the reflux of the nutrient solution in the cultivation tank is complete, the pepper root system is completely exposed to the air in the cultivation tank to absorb oxygen, and the nutrient solution siphoned out from the cultivation tank enters the return liquid main pipe 7 through the return liquid pipe outside the tank, and returns to the nutrient solution. The liquid pool completes a nutrient solution cycle. The top of the water level control siphon sleeve 24 is a closed cover.

The above is only an embodiment of the utility model, and does not limit the patent scope of the utility model. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process conversion made by using the utility model specification and accompanying drawings, or directly or indirectly used in other Related technical fields are all included in the patent protection scope of the present utility model in the same way.

Claims (8)

1. A multi-layer three-dimensional soilless cultivation equipment for peppers, comprising a cultivation tank, a "soil"-shaped support frame composed of vertical support rods, longitudinal support rods, and horizontal support rods for placing the cultivation tank, and a liquid supply device installed on the cultivation tank The pipeline system and liquid return pipeline system are characterized in that a cultivation groove is arranged on the top of the "soil"-shaped support frame, a cultivation groove is provided on both sides of the middle part of the "soil"-shaped support frame, and there are two cultivation grooves on both sides of the bottom of the "soil"-shaped support frame. A cultivation tank is set; a cultivation bag with an upper opening and a closed lower part connected to the liquid supply end of the liquid supply pipeline system and the return liquid end of the liquid return pipeline system is placed in the cultivation tank; the cultivation tank is made of thermal insulation material, and the nutrients needed by vegetables The liquid is pumped from the nutrient solution pool into the liquid supply main pipe of the liquid supply pipeline system by the water pump, enters the liquid supply pipe outside the tank through the liquid supply branch pipe connected with the liquid supply main pipe, and passes through the tank connected with the liquid supply pipe outside the tank The inner liquid supply pipe enters the cultivation bag in the cultivation tank for the vegetables to absorb, and then enters the liquid return pipe outside the tank of the return liquid pipeline system through the return liquid end of the liquid return pipeline system and the liquid return pipe in the tank, and finally flows into the liquid return pipe outside the tank. The pipes are connected to the liquid return main pipe and flow back to the nutrient solution pool to complete the cycle. 2. a kind of capsicum multilayer three-dimensional soilless cultivation equipment according to claim 1, is characterized in that, The slope of the cultivation tank on the "soil"-shaped support frame is different due to the method of soilless cultivation. When using nutrient liquid film cultivation, the slope of the cultivation tank liquid supply end and liquid return end is 100-75:1. In deep-water soilless cultivation, the liquid supply end and the liquid return end of the cultivation tank are on the same horizontal plane, and the slope is zero. 3. A kind of capsicum multi-layer three-dimensional soilless cultivation equipment according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the size of " soil " shape support frame is: the bottom edge width of " soil " shape support frame is 120～165 centimeters, " soil " The "shaped support frame is 190-220 cm high from the bottom edge to the upper edge of the top cultivation groove; the layer spacing of the cultivation groove: the clear space height of the cultivation groove near the ground layer and the cultivation groove of the middle layer is 70-100 cm; the cultivation groove of the middle layer and the cultivation groove of the middle layer The net space height of the upper cultivation tank is 40-70 cm. 4. A kind of capsicum multi-layer three-dimensional soilless cultivation equipment according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the top layer is provided with a cultivation groove, the middle layer and the lower floor are respectively provided with two cultivation grooves, and the middle layer cultivation groove is horizontally apart from 30～ 50 cm, and the horizontal distance between the lower cultivation tanks is 100-145 cm. 5. A kind of pepper multi-layer three-dimensional soilless cultivation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, the cultivation tank is a "U"-shaped structure, made of foamed plastics, the thickness of the tank wall is 1.5-2.0 cm, and there are insulation box partitions. Thermal performance, the cultivation tank is 20-22 cm wide, 10-15 cm high, and has a cover. 6. A kind of capsicum multi-layer three-dimensional soilless cultivation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, the height of the liquid return pipe in the cultivation tank is different because of the different soilless cultivation methods adopted; adopt nutrient liquid film cultivation The height of the liquid return pipe in the tank is equal to the bottom of the cultivation bag, that is, the height of the liquid return pipe in the tank is 0 cm; when deep hydroponics is used, the height of the liquid return pipe in the tank is equal to the set nutrient solution depth, and the height is 8 to 10 cm. , and equipped with a water level controller. 7. The pepper multi-layer three-dimensional soilless cultivation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, the cultivation tank contains a cultivation bag, and the cultivation bag material is a plastic film with a width of 50-60 cm and a thickness of 0.1-0.2 mm , the length is based on the length of the cultivation tank is not longer than 30 meters, the bottom of the plastic film of the cultivation bag is bonded to the bottom of the cultivation tank with double-sided tape, the shape of the cultivation bag is different due to the different soilless cultivation methods used, and when the nutrient liquid film is used for cultivation, it is cultivated The bag is triangular, and the plastic film of the cultivation bag is folded into an isosceles triangle around the stem height of the seedling body in the cultivation tank. The height of the triangle is 10 to 15 cm. The two sides of the triangle corners are folded and then reinforced and sealed with clips or paper clips; deep water cultivation is adopted. The plastic film of the cultivation bag is close to the inner wall of the cultivation tank to form a double "U"-shaped cultivation tank. The plastic film is leak-proof and easy to clean and disinfect when changing stubble. 8. A kind of capsicum multi-layer three-dimensional soilless cultivation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, the cultivation tank cover plate is two mutually fitted structures, and after the two plates are mutually fitted, there is an opening Seed hole.