CN204981674U - A solar energy heats compost device that is used for farmland straw discarded object utilization - Google Patents

A solar energy heats compost device that is used for farmland straw discarded object utilization Download PDF

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Publication number
CN204981674U
CN204981674U CN201520495610.3U CN201520495610U CN204981674U CN 204981674 U CN204981674 U CN 204981674U CN 201520495610 U CN201520495610 U CN 201520495610U CN 204981674 U CN204981674 U CN 204981674U
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China
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fermentor tank
cover
compost
mash
liquid collecting
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN201520495610.3U
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Chinese (zh)
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张乃明
夏运生
王磊
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Yunnan Agricultural University
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Yunnan Agricultural University
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/10Process efficiency
    • Y02P20/133Renewable energy sources, e.g. sunlight

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  • Fertilizers (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

The utility model relates to a solar energy heats compost device that is used for farmland straw discarded object utilization belongs to agricultural wastes resourceful treatment technical field, mainly includes fermentation cylinder, cover, honeycomb duct, foraminiferous filter, collection liquid chamber, guide plate, fermenter, the utility model discloses the fertile fermentation vat of fertile fermentation vat of solid on the ground and buried liquid has been made up, adopt glass steel fermentation cylinder and cover, improve jar sealing performance of the body, thereby reduce the stink diffusion and avoid the rainwater to get into, adopt transparent glass steel lid can reinforce the use of solar energy and increase the temperature of compost, the solid fertilizer of production can be used as crops base manure, the ferment bucket is seted out through the water conservancy diversion duct flow to compost filtration liquid can carry out secondary fermentation, thereby improve the fertile quality of liquid that can regard as topdresses used, the speed of becoming thoroughly decomposed of final realization quickening straw etc, the qualities of the compost are improved, promote agricultural wastes's resource cyclic utilization, but anytime and anywhere solves peasant's farming, the discarded object that the results in -process produced.

Description

A kind of solar heating composting device utilized for farmland straw refuse
Technical field
The utility model belongs to agricultural wastes resource treatment technique field, specifically, relates to a kind of solar heating composting device utilized for farmland straw refuse.
Background technology
In recent years, along with the fast development of plant husbandry especially modern plant, create a large amount of farmland stalk the like waste.All the time, vast farmers payes attention to the antenatal of plant husbandry and link in producing mostly, adopts various technique means to improve production estimation quality, increases agriculture production benefit, and seldom pay close attention to the process problem of agricultural wastes.Therefore, overwhelming majority field-crop and vegetables straw, obsolete fungus stick of edible fungus etc. are arbitrarily abandoned at the edge of a field, farmland, conventional processing is not easily degraded and is become thoroughly decomposed, not only easily grow mosquitos and flies, bacterium etc., certain pollution is also caused to agriculture production environment and surface water body, has become problem demanding prompt solution in China's agriculture production.
The fundamental way addressed this problem is that the resource recycling carrying out agricultural wastes utilizes.At present, composting technology is a kind of farmland refuse processing method generally adopted for countries in the world, and utilize crop material etc. to pile the fine tradition that rotten organic fertilizer is China peasant, in order to keep, soil fertility is lasting has made contribution.
But, tradition the edge of a field composting plant mostly is open-ventilating type and is unfavorable for the insulation of heap body, and compost stink also affects surrounding environment greatly, southern area precipitation in rain season is large simultaneously, if rainfall flows directly into heap, body makes that its moisture content is excessive also can affect compost effect, and therefore sealed fermentation cabin composting device development in recent years is very fast.But, that sealed fermentation cabin or open compost generally all exist foul smell, the process of percolate and the problem of heap Wen Bugao, especially as lower in outside air temperature in winter, fertile heap rapid heat dissipation, heap temperature are lower, and cause that the activity of compost microbe reduces, fermenting speed is slow, composting cycle is long, the utilization ratio of fermentation cabin also can be caused to decline.In addition, the composting device heat insulation effect adopting timber to make is also bad, limits the leavening temperature of compost phase.There are some researches show, heap surface covers transparent material can make heap body effectively absorb solar radiation, thus plays heating effect, therefore have people Cang Ding of in-vessel composting system in composting device to arrange the heap temperature of solar water heater increase compost, but compost cost improves thereupon.
Therefore, urgently provide a kind of relatively inexpensive, practical, simple composting device, to process the discarded crop at the edge of a field, farmland and vegetables straw etc., and strengthen the composting utilization of these refuses.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome Problems existing in background technology, the utility model proposes a kind of solar heating composting device utilized for farmland straw refuse, be combined with the Liquid Fertilizer fermentation vat of solid fertilizer fermentation vat on the ground and underground, the ground fermentor tank made by adopting glass steel and cover improve the sealing property of tank body, thus reduce stink diffusion and avoid rainwater to enter, the temperature utilization of sun power being increased to compost can be strengthened by adopting transparent glass steel cover, the solid fertilizer of producing can be used as base fertilizer to agricultural crops and uses, compost percolate flows to mash-back by thrust-augmenting nozzle can carry out Secondary Fermentation and improve can be used as farm crop and topdressing the Liquid Fertilizer quality used, sealing and fermenting bucket can be played by arranging bung on mash-back and avoid entering of the periphery such as rainwater and earth foreign material, the final compost effect realizing raising farmland straw refuse, the resource recycling of intensive farming waste utilizes.Meanwhile, the utility model apparatus structure is simple, floor space is less, treatment capacity is large, cost is moderate, can solve the waste, practical produced in peasant's farming, results process whenever and wherever possible.
For achieving the above object, the utility model is achieved by the following technical solution: the described solar heating composting device for the utilization of farmland straw refuse comprises fermentor tank 1, cover 2, handle 3, ventilating pit 4, discharge door 5, knocker 6, drain pipe 7, thrust-augmenting nozzle 8, perforated filter plate 9, liquid collecting room 10, flow deflector 11, mash-back 12, bung 13, fluid inlet 14, the top of described fermentor tank 1 is provided with cover 2, cover 2 is provided with handle 3, in the middle part of the tank body of fermentor tank 1, wall is provided with uniformly the ventilating pit 4 that diameter is about 1cm, side, bottom in fermentor tank 1 is provided with liquid collecting room 10, the top of described liquid collecting room 10 is provided with perforated filter plate 9, perforated filter plate 9 separates into two portions fermentor tank 1, the flow deflector 11 that the beneath portions that perforated filter plate 9 exceeds liquid collecting room 10 is provided with inclination is connected with liquid collecting room 10, drain pipe 7 is below flow deflector 11 and be communicated with liquid collecting room 10, and reach outside fermentor tank 1, the bottom wall of fermentor tank 1 is provided with discharge door 5, knocker 6 is arranged on the side of discharge door 5, the top of described mash-back 12 is provided with bung 13, mash-back 12 upper portion side wall is provided with fluid inlet 14, fluid inlet 14 is directly communicated with by thrust-augmenting nozzle 8 with drain pipe 7.
Described fermentor tank 1 is solid fertilizer fermentation vat, and cylindrical, its size specification is: diameter 2.06m, high 1.2m, net volume 3.14m 3, the maximum rate of feeding intake is 95%, and the clear height that described cover 2 removes handle 3 is 30cm, and fermentor tank 1, cover 2 and perforated filter plate 9 all adopt transparent grp to make, and the outer wall of fermentor tank 1 is coated with green tectum.
The described long 40cm of discharge door 5, high 30cm, and concordant with the upper surface of perforated filter plate 9 bottom it.
Described mash-back 12 is Liquid Fertilizer fermentation vat, and be made up of anti-aging plastics, its capacity is 50L, is embedded in underground, and the thickness of its top overburden soil is 30cm.
Described thrust-augmenting nozzle 8 is anti-aging plastic hose.
The beneficial effects of the utility model:
Be combined with the Liquid Fertilizer fermentation vat of solid fertilizer fermentation vat on the ground and underground, the ground fermentor tank made by adopting glass steel and cover improve the sealing property of tank body, thus reduce stink diffusion and avoid rainwater to enter, the temperature utilization of sun power being increased to compost can be strengthened by adopting transparent glass steel cover, the solid fertilizer of producing can be used as base fertilizer to agricultural crops and uses, compost percolate flows to mash-back by thrust-augmenting nozzle can carry out Secondary Fermentation and improve can be used as farm crop and topdressing the Liquid Fertilizer quality used, sealing and fermenting bucket can be played by arranging bung on mash-back and avoid entering of the periphery such as rainwater and earth foreign material, straw decomposing speed is accelerated in final realization, improve non-mass, promote that the resource recycling of agricultural wastes utilizes.Meanwhile, the utility model apparatus structure is simple, floor space is less, treatment capacity is large, cost is moderate, can solve the waste, practical produced in peasant's farming, results process whenever and wherever possible.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present utility model;
Fig. 2 is the sectional view of fermentor tank.
In figure, 1-fermentor tank, 2-cover, 3-handle, 4-ventilating pit, 5-discharge door, 6-knocker, 7-drain pipe, 8-thrust-augmenting nozzle, 9-perforated filter plate, 10-liquid collecting room, 11-flow deflector, 12-mash-back, 13-bung, 14-fluid inlet.
Embodiment
In order to make the purpose of this utility model, technical scheme and beneficial effect clearly, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, preferred embodiment of the present utility model is described in detail, to facilitate the technical staff to understand.
As Fig. 1, shown in Fig. 2, the utility model discloses a kind of solar heating composting device utilized for farmland straw refuse, its technical scheme is: the described solar heating composting device for the utilization of farmland straw refuse comprises fermentor tank 1, cover 2, handle 3, ventilating pit 4, discharge door 5, knocker 6, drain pipe 7, thrust-augmenting nozzle 8, perforated filter plate 9, liquid collecting room 10, flow deflector 11, mash-back 12, bung 13, fluid inlet 14, the top of described fermentor tank 1 is provided with cover 2, cover 2 is provided with handle 3, described fermentor tank 1 is solid fertilizer fermentation vat, cylindrical, diameter is 2.06m, height is 1.2m, net volume is 3.14m 3, its size specification also can suitably adjust according to actual needs, the maximum rate of feeding intake is 95%, the clear height that described cover 2 removes handle 3 is 30cm, fermentor tank 1, cover 2 all adopts transparent grp to make, the outer wall of fermentor tank 1 is coated with green tectum, cover 2 can sealing and fermenting tank 1 and avoid rainwater to enter the diffusion with stink, cover 2 arranges handle 3 and facilitates pan feeding, and cover 2 is made the short-wave radiation that can increase sunlight for transparent grp and is entered and increase the temperature of compost in fermentor tank, the outer wall of fermentor tank 1 is coated with the sun power that green tectum avoids hyperabsorption in fermentor tank 1, cause that temperature is too high affects ferment effect in tank, the solid fertilizer that fermentor tank 1 is produced can be used as base fertilizer to agricultural crops and uses.In the middle part of the tank body of fermentor tank 1, wall is provided with uniformly the ventilating pit 4 that diameter is about 1cm, ventilating pit 4, for increasing the amount of oxygen in tank body, improves the ferment effect of compost.Side, bottom in fermentor tank 1 is provided with liquid collecting room 10, the top of described liquid collecting room 10 is provided with perforated filter plate 9, perforated filter plate 9 separates into two portions fermentor tank 1, the flow deflector 11 that the beneath portions that perforated filter plate 9 exceeds liquid collecting room 10 is provided with inclination is connected with liquid collecting room 10, drain pipe 7 is below flow deflector 11 and be communicated with liquid collecting room 10, and reach outside fermentor tank 1, can produce a lot of compost fermentation liquid during solid fertilizer fermentation in fermentor tank 1, compost fermentation liquid flow in liquid collecting room 10 after perforated filter plate 9 filtration and infiltration.The bottom wall of fermentor tank 1 is provided with discharge door 5, and knocker 6 is arranged on the side of discharge door 5, can be fixed on the wall body of fermentor tank 1 by discharge door 5 by knocker 6, the described long 40cm of discharge door 5, high 30cm, and concordant with the upper surface of perforated filter plate 9 bottom it, be convenient to solid fertilizer discharging.The top of described mash-back 12 is provided with bung 13, described mash-back 12 ferments for Liquid Fertilizer, mash-back 12 upper portion side wall is provided with fluid inlet 14, fluid inlet 14 is directly communicated with by thrust-augmenting nozzle 8 with drain pipe 7, compost percolate is flow in mash-back 12 by thrust-augmenting nozzle 8 and carries out Secondary Fermentation generation high quality liquid fertilizer, Liquid Fertilizer topdresses as farm crop and uses, and bung 13 covers on Liquid Fertilizer fermentation vat, for sealing and fermenting bucket 12 with avoid entering of the periphery such as rainwater and earth foreign material.
Described mash-back 12 is Liquid Fertilizer fermentation vat, and be made up of anti-aging plastics, its capacity is 50L, is embedded in underground, and the thickness of its top overburden soil is 30cm, prevents mash-back 12 from being exposed to the sun and rain, extends the work-ing life of mash-back 12, saved Financial cost.
Described thrust-augmenting nozzle 8 is anti-aging plastic hose.
Working process of the present utility model:
When using this use novel, fermentor tank 1 is placed on field level, mash-back 12 is embedded in the soil near fermentor tank 1, and the top of mash-back 12 is lower than the bottom 30cm of fermentor tank 1, by thrust-augmenting nozzle 8, fermentor tank 1 is communicated with mash-back 12, the discarded crop at the edge of a field, farmland and vegetables straw etc. are put into fermentor tank 1 and are carried out fermentation generation solid fertilizer, the compost fermentation liquid produced in solid fertilizer fermenting process flow into mash-back 12 through filtration and infiltration and carries out Secondary Fermentation, produce the Liquid Fertilizer that quality is higher, the solid fertilizer that fermentor tank 1 produces can be used as base fertilizer to agricultural crops and uses, the high quality liquid that mash-back 12 produces is fertile to be used as topdressing.
Be combined with the Liquid Fertilizer fermentation vat of solid fertilizer fermentation vat on the ground and underground, the ground fermentor tank made by adopting glass steel and cover improve the sealing property of tank body, thus reduce stink diffusion and avoid rainwater to enter, the temperature utilization of sun power being increased to compost can be strengthened by adopting transparent glass steel cover, the solid fertilizer of producing can be used as base fertilizer to agricultural crops and uses, compost percolate flows to mash-back by thrust-augmenting nozzle can carry out Secondary Fermentation and improve can be used as farm crop and topdressing the Liquid Fertilizer quality used, sealing and fermenting bucket can be played by arranging bung on mash-back and avoid entering of the periphery such as rainwater and earth foreign material, straw decomposing speed is accelerated in final realization, improve compost quality, promote that the resource recycling of agricultural wastes utilizes.Meanwhile, the utility model apparatus structure is simple, floor space is less, treatment capacity is large, cost is moderate, can solve the waste, practical produced in peasant's farming, results process whenever and wherever possible.
What finally illustrate is, above preferred embodiment is only in order to illustrate the technical solution of the utility model and unrestricted, although be described in detail the utility model by above preferred embodiment, but those skilled in the art are to be understood that, various change can be made to it in the form and details, and not depart from the utility model claims limited range.

Claims (5)

1. for the solar heating composting device that farmland straw refuse utilizes, it is characterized in that: the described solar heating composting device for the utilization of farmland straw refuse comprises fermentor tank, cover, handle, ventilating pit, discharge door, knocker, drain pipe, thrust-augmenting nozzle, perforated filter plate, liquid collecting room, flow deflector, mash-back, bung, fluid inlet, the top of described fermentor tank is provided with cover, cover is provided with handle, in the middle part of the tank body of fermentor tank, wall is provided with ventilating pit uniformly, side, bottom in fermentor tank is provided with liquid collecting room, the top of liquid collecting room is provided with perforated filter strip hole screen plate and fermentor tank is separated into two portions, the flow deflector that the below that perforated filter plate exceeds liquid collecting room's part is provided with inclination is connected with liquid collecting room, drain pipe is below flow deflector and be communicated with liquid collecting room, and reach outside fermentor tank, the bottom wall of fermentor tank is provided with discharge door, knocker is arranged on the side of discharge door, the top of described mash-back is provided with bung, and mash-back upper portion side wall is provided with fluid inlet, and fluid inlet is directly communicated with by thrust-augmenting nozzle with drain pipe.
2. a kind of solar heating composting device utilized for farmland straw refuse according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described fermentor tank is solid fertilizer fermentation vat, cylindrical, and its size specification is: diameter 2.06m, high 1.2m, net volume 3.14m 3, the maximum rate of feeding intake is 95%, and the clear height of described cover removing handle is 30cm, and fermentor tank, cover and perforated filter plate all adopt transparent grp to make, and the outer wall of fermentor tank is coated with green tectum.
3. a kind of solar heating composting device utilized for farmland straw refuse according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the long 40cm of described discharge door, high 30cm, and concordant with the upper surface of perforated filter plate bottom it.
4. a kind of solar heating composting device utilized for farmland straw refuse according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described mash-back is Liquid Fertilizer fermentation vat, is made up of anti-aging plastics, its capacity is 50L, be embedded in underground, the thickness of its top overburden soil is 30cm.
5. a kind of solar heating composting device utilized for farmland straw refuse according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described thrust-augmenting nozzle is anti-aging plastic hose.
CN201520495610.3U 2015-07-10 2015-07-10 A solar energy heats compost device that is used for farmland straw discarded object utilization Expired - Fee Related CN204981674U (en)

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Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106588463A (en) * 2016-12-07 2017-04-26 广西南宁科茂企业信息咨询有限公司 Method for preparing organic fertilizer with kitchen waste and animal and plant wastes
CN106905009A (en) * 2017-02-24 2017-06-30 北京农业智能装备技术研究中心 Vegetables straw processing system and method
WO2018059608A1 (en) 2016-09-27 2018-04-05 Valevsky Jaroslav A composter in particular for composting biomass consisting of household and/or garden waste
CN109400269A (en) * 2018-12-31 2019-03-01 福建省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 A method of organic fertilizer is produced using fowl and animal excrement
CN109928798A (en) * 2019-04-26 2019-06-25 农业部沼气科学研究所 Solid organic castoff compost device and its compost method
CN111518647A (en) * 2020-05-15 2020-08-11 山西杏花村汾酒厂股份有限公司 Efficient vinasse fermentation warehouse and method
CN111592394A (en) * 2020-06-30 2020-08-28 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 Device and method for fermenting, composting and passivating heavy metals by livestock and poultry breeding waste in cold region
CN112624827A (en) * 2021-01-07 2021-04-09 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 Two-stage type high-temperature decomposition cooperative composting device and composting method thereof
CN114538977A (en) * 2022-03-02 2022-05-27 尤俊亚 Energy-saving microbial fertilizer fermentation tank and fermentation method thereof

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2018059608A1 (en) 2016-09-27 2018-04-05 Valevsky Jaroslav A composter in particular for composting biomass consisting of household and/or garden waste
CN106588463A (en) * 2016-12-07 2017-04-26 广西南宁科茂企业信息咨询有限公司 Method for preparing organic fertilizer with kitchen waste and animal and plant wastes
CN106905009A (en) * 2017-02-24 2017-06-30 北京农业智能装备技术研究中心 Vegetables straw processing system and method
CN109400269A (en) * 2018-12-31 2019-03-01 福建省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 A method of organic fertilizer is produced using fowl and animal excrement
CN109928798A (en) * 2019-04-26 2019-06-25 农业部沼气科学研究所 Solid organic castoff compost device and its compost method
CN111518647A (en) * 2020-05-15 2020-08-11 山西杏花村汾酒厂股份有限公司 Efficient vinasse fermentation warehouse and method
CN111592394A (en) * 2020-06-30 2020-08-28 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 Device and method for fermenting, composting and passivating heavy metals by livestock and poultry breeding waste in cold region
CN112624827A (en) * 2021-01-07 2021-04-09 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 Two-stage type high-temperature decomposition cooperative composting device and composting method thereof
CN112624827B (en) * 2021-01-07 2022-05-06 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 Two-stage type high-temperature decomposition cooperative composting device and composting method thereof
CN114538977A (en) * 2022-03-02 2022-05-27 尤俊亚 Energy-saving microbial fertilizer fermentation tank and fermentation method thereof

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Granted publication date: 20160120

Termination date: 20180710