CN204405543U - Rotary Variable multi-angle laser light scattering instrument - Google Patents
Rotary Variable multi-angle laser light scattering instrument Download PDFInfo
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- CN204405543U CN204405543U CN201420649041.9U CN201420649041U CN204405543U CN 204405543 U CN204405543 U CN 204405543U CN 201420649041 U CN201420649041 U CN 201420649041U CN 204405543 U CN204405543 U CN 204405543U
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Abstract
A kind of Rotary Variable multi-angle laser light scattering instrument.It is included in excitation light path and is provided with laser instrument, diaphragm, collimation lens, condenser lens, sample cell, and light scattering imaging optical path is provided with diaphragm, scattering imaging lens group and narrow band pass filter, and excitation light path is fixed, and imaging optical path can rotate around sample stage central shaft; It also comprises light scattering photoelectric sensor, signal amplifier, correlator and computing machine; Light scattering photoelectric sensor is on imaging optical path optical axis, rotates together with imaging optical path around sample stage central shaft.It also comprises the rotary encoder be arranged on sample stage central shaft, and it exports the angle signal of light scattering imaging optical path; 0 degree of position sensing photoelectric sensor provides 0 degree of position correction signal, is combined with rotary encoder angle signal the angle position obtaining light scattering imaging optical path.Control step electric machine rotation imaging optical path, to Difference angles, realizes the analysis of multi-angle laser light scattering.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to optic analytical instrument field, particularly a kind of multi-angle laser light scattering instrument.
Background technology
In recent years; along with the develop rapidly of computing machine and high speed circuit; laser light scattering detects macromolecular analysis and research means as one; with the performance of its brilliance; be widely used in the fields such as biotechnology, medicine, chemical industry, environmental protection and food, its research and development are all of great significance environmental protection, medicine and food security.Modern laser light scattering comprises static state (classics) and dynamic two parts.Dynamic light scattering is due to macromolecule Brownian movement in the solution, makes the light intensity time produce pulsation.Adopt digital correlator technical finesse photonic pulsed signals, the diffuse information of Macromolecular motion can be obtained, and then utilize Stokes-Einstein equation to calculate absolute molecular weight size and distribution thereof.Dynamic light scattering method uses autocoorrelation, contains the information such as the mean value of high molecular coefficient of diffusion in solution and distribution thereof in autocoorrelation.Static light scattering, for macromolecule in solution, utilizes Rayleigh scattering to form the funtcional relationship of light intensity and angle, thus obtains the information of grain graininess size and shape.It is used for the absolute molecular weight of characterize polymers, be the one that the current whole world is generally acknowledged the most effective, closest to real method.For Polymer Solution, the dependence that light intensity and angle, concentration are formed, can measure Zimm, Berry, Debye curve of macromolecular material, molecular weight, root mean square radius of gyration and second virial coefficient by the method for static light scattering.In actual applications, Static and dynamic light scattering organically combines and can be used to study macromolecule many processes relating to quality and hydrodynamic volume change in the solution, as assemble with the stretching, extension of dispersion, crystallization and dissolving, adsorption and desorption, macromolecular chain with crispatura and the folding of long chains of protein, and obtain the micro molecule parameter of many uniquenesses.
At present, laser light scattering techniques is utilized to have following several scheme: low angle laser light scattering can measure low-angle 4 °-7 ° and compared with the scattered light intensity under dilute concentration, without the need to angle and concentration extrapolation, this scheme can only record M
w.Multi-angle laser light scattering can survey the scattered light intensity of the different angles such as 18, and intercept when being extrapolated to zero with angle tries to achieve M
w, macromolecule radius of turn R can also be tried to achieve with slope
g.
Traditional multi-angle laser light scattering is that its shortcoming is by many independently fixing separately angular light scattering imaging optical path Measurement and analysis: apparatus structure is complicated, expensive, increases and measures cost, make troubles to analysis to measure.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the utility model provides that a kind of structure is simple, cost reduces, regulates efficiency and measuring accuracy to increase and do not need to drop into new equipment, is convenient to the spinning polygon degree laser light scattering instrument of penetration and promotion.
The technical scheme that the utility model solves the problems of the technologies described above is: comprise sample stage T, the excitation light path of laser excitation sample, light scattering imaging optical path, angle measurement unit C, stepper motor mechanical transmission unit B, scattering measuring processing unit and 0 bit correction unit; The excitation light path of described laser excitation sample is provided with successively laser instrument, incident diaphragm H
1, collimation lens L
1, condenser lens L
2with sample cell S, described light scattering imaging optical path is provided with successively scattering diaphragm H
2, the first scattering imaging len L
3, narrow band pass filter F
1with the second scattering imaging len L
4, excitation light path is fixed, and light scattering imaging optical path can rotate+-180 degree around sample stage T central shaft, and can be in any position between 0-180 degree; Wherein, diaphragm is aperture, its light scattering sample cell S to be square section be transparent glass tube that circle forms with the string of a musical instrument: light scattering sample cell S is placed on sample stage T, sample cell S central shaft and sample stage T central shaft coaxial, sample cell and sample stage maintain static, and do not rotate with light scattering imaging optical path.
In order to realize compact conformation and functional realiey, its further step also has.
Angle measurement unit C adopts rotary encoder to take measurement of an angle, rotary encoder is arranged on sample stage T central shaft, rotary encoder maintains static part and is fixedly connected with sample stage T central shaft, and rotary encoder pivotable parts is fixedly connected with light scattering imaging optical path main part; Rotary encoder is connected with signal amplification processor, and signal amplification processor is connected with computing machine, and the signal of rotary encoder is transported to computing machine through amplifying process.
Step motor control unit B it be made up of stepper motor, mechanical transmission mechanism and step motor control module, mechanical transmission mechanism gear B c is fixedly connected with light scattering imaging optical path assembly Z, step motor control module control step electric machine rotation, stepper motor rotates through mechanical transmission mechanism gear B c makes light scattering imaging optical path assembly Z rotate around sample stage T central shaft, controls light scattering imaging optical path forward Difference angles to by step motor control module.
A kind of scattering measuring processing unit of spinning polygon degree laser light scattering instrument comprises light scattering photoelectric sensor D
1, signal amplifier, correlator and computing machine; Light scattering photoelectric sensor D
1be on light scattering imaging optical path optical axis, rotate around sample stage T central shaft together with light scattering imaging optical path, photoelectric sensor D
1receive the second scattering imaging len L
4scattered light signal, light scattering photoelectric sensor D
1be connected with the input end of signal amplifier, the output terminal of signal amplifier is connected with correlator, and correlator is connected with computing machine, and the signal converted to is amplified by signal amplifier, outputs to correlator and carries out relevant treatment, finally deliver to computing machine and process.
Its 0 degree of position correction unit is the narrow band pass filter F at light scattering imaging optical path
1between the second scattering imaging len, be provided with mirror M, 0 degree of direct laser reflects, by condenser lens L by mirror M
5focus on 0 degree of position sensing photoelectric sensor D
2, 0 degree of position sensing photoelectric sensor D
2provide 0 degree of position correction signal, after signal amplifier process, this 0 degree of position correction signal is transported to computing machine, accurately obtains the angle position of light scattering imaging optical path with the signal combination of rotary encoder.Mirror M is removable, and when detection 0 degree of position, mirror M is placed in imaging optical path; When measuring, mirror M is removed from imaging optical path.
Its scattering measuring process of Rotary Variable multi-angle laser light scattering instrument and 0 bit correction unit comprise light scattering photoelectric sensor, signal amplifier, correlator and a computing machine, and 0 degree of position sensing optical filter F
2; 0 degree of position sensing optical filter F
2be arranged on the narrow band pass filter F of imaging optical path
1between the second scattering imaging len.0 degree of position sensing optical filtering F
2removable.When detection 0 degree of position, 0 degree of position sensing optical filtering F
2be placed in imaging optical path; When measuring, 0 degree of position sensing optical filtering F
2remove.Adopt 0 degree of position sensing optical filtering F
2obtain 0 degree of position signalling, now, obtain 0 degree of position signalling by light scattering photoelectric sensor, its 0 degree of position signalling is delivered directly to computing machine after signal amplifier process.
Its light scattering photoelectric sensor is on light scattering imaging optical path optical axis, rotate around sample stage central shaft together with light scattering imaging optical path, photoelectric sensor receives scattered light signal and 0 degree of position laser signal of the second scattering imaging len, photoelectric sensor is connected with the input end of signal amplifier, the output terminal of signal amplifier is connected with correlator and computing machine respectively, and what signal amplifier was connected with correlator is connected with computing machine again; Signal amplifier is connected operation to carry out 0 degree of position correction measure with computing machine, and signal amplifier is connected and then is connected with computing machine operation and carries out laser light scattering with correlator.
The utility model is scanned by control step motor, makes light scattering imaging optical path forward Difference angles to, realizes the analysis of multi-angle laser light scattering.Overcome conventional multi-angle laser light scattering instrument and use many light-metering unit, simplify the structure of instrument, greatly reduce the cost of instrument.
Owing to adopting technique scheme, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:
(1) corresponding to conventional multi-angle laser light scattering instrument, it only needs a set of light scattering imaging optical path part, light scattering sensor and amplifier, it has deducted many light-metering unit, and the light scattering sensor part of multi-angle laser light scattering instrument is the part that instrument is the most valuable, account for more than 80% of multi-angle laser light scattering instrument price, enormously simplify apparatus structure, decrease instrument cost.As long as by rotating light scattering imaging optical path part, just multi-angle can carry out laser light scattering analysis, and drop into without the need to increasing too many miscellaneous equipment, commercial promise is good.
(2) for multi-angle laser light scattering photon correlation spectrometry, it need adopt multichannel correlator, and it only needs single channel correlator, and make light scattering signal process operation is simple simultaneously.
(3) corresponding to conventional multi-angle laser light scattering instrument, as long as it is by rotating light scattering imaging optical path part to special angle position, as low-angle and 90 degree, just can carry out low-angle and 90 degree of laser light scattering analyses, extend the using function of laser light scattering instrument.
(4) the utility model structure is simple, compact, and cost is low, for Measurement and analysis has saved a large amount of fund inputs, and suitable penetration and promotion.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is light path and the photoelectricity measures the structure figure of the utility model embodiment 1.
Fig. 2 is sample stage structural representation figure of the present utility model.
Fig. 3 is sample stage mechanical transmission structure schematic diagram of the present utility model.
Fig. 4 is light path and the photoelectricity measures the structure figure of the utility model embodiment 2.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the utility model is described in further detail.
It is a kind of method and apparatus for laser light scattering.
Shown in accompanying drawing 1, a kind of Rotary Variable multi-angle laser light scattering instrument, it comprises sample stage T, the excitation light path of laser excitation sample, light scattering imaging optical path, scattering measuring processing unit, 0 bit correction unit, angle measurement unit C and stepper motor mechanical transmission unit B.The excitation light path of wherein laser excitation sample is provided with laser instrument, incident diaphragm H successively
1, collimation lens L
1, condenser lens L
2with sample cell S, described light scattering imaging optical path is provided with successively scattering diaphragm H
2, the first scattering imaging len L
3, narrow band pass filter F
1with the second scattering imaging len L
4, excitation light path and sample cell central shaft maintain static, and light scattering imaging optical path can rotate around sample stage T central shaft ,+-180 degree, and can be in any position between 0-180 degree.Diaphragm is aperture.Scattering measuring processing unit comprises light scattering photoelectric sensor D
1, signal amplifier, correlator and computing machine; Light scattering photoelectric sensor D
1be on light scattering imaging optical path optical axis, rotate around sample stage T central shaft together with light scattering imaging optical path, photoelectric sensor D
1receive the second scattering imaging len L
4scattered light signal, light scattering photoelectric sensor D
1be connected with the input end of signal amplifier, the output terminal of signal amplifier is connected with correlator respectively, and correlator is connected with computing machine.
Shown in accompanying drawing 2, sample stage has circular casing pipe support, there is in circular casing small semicircle limiting plate, the string of a musical instrument of small semicircle limiting plate is vertical with excitation light path, light scattering sample cell is placed in circular casing pipe support on sample stage, light scattering sample cell to be square section be transparent glass tube that circle forms with the string of a musical instrument: sample cell central shaft and sample stage central shaft coaxial, sample cell and sample stage maintain static, and do not rotate with light scattering imaging optical path.
Angle measurement unit C comprises rotary encoder Cb and signal amplification processor.Shown in accompanying drawing 3, rotary encoder is arranged on the central shaft of sample stage, and rotary encoder maintains static part and is fixedly connected with sample stage T central shaft, and rotary encoder pivotable parts is fixedly connected with light scattering imaging optical path assembly Z.Rotary encoder Cb is connected with signal amplification processor, and signal amplification processor is connected with computing machine.
0 bit correction unit is included in narrow band pass filter F
1to the second scattering imaging len L
4between mirror M is installed, 0 degree of direct laser reflects, through condenser lens L by mirror M
5focus on 0 degree of position sensing photoelectric sensor D
2, 0 degree of position sensing photoelectric sensor D
2provide 0 degree of position correction signal, after signal amplifier, this 0 degree of position correction signal is transported to computing machine.Mirror M is removable, and when detection 0 degree of position, mirror M is placed in imaging optical path; When measuring, mirror M is removed.
Rotary encoder Cb exports the angle signal of light scattering imaging optical path, outputs to computing machine through amplifying process; 0 degree of direct laser is reflexed to 0 degree of position sensing photoelectric sensor by the catoptron between the second scattering imaging len to light scattering photoelectric sensor, 0 degree of position sensing photoelectric sensor provides 0 degree of position correction signal, amplify and be transported to computing machine, being combined with rotary encoder angle signal and obtaining the light scattering imaging optical path angle position incident relative to laser 0 degree.
Stepper motor mechanical transmission unit B comprises stepper motor, mechanical transmission mechanism and step motor control module.Shown in accompanying drawing 3, mechanical transmission mechanism gear B c is fixedly connected with light scattering imaging optical path assembly Z, computer-controlled stepper motor control module control step electric machine rotation, by mechanical transmission mechanism, light scattering imaging optical path assembly Z is rotated around sample stage T central shaft, control light scattering imaging optical path by step motor control module and forward Difference angles to, realize the laser light scattering of 0 degree of correction and different angles.For low-angle and 90 degree of measurements, control step motor makes light scattering imaging optical path forward 4-8 degree or an angle of 90 degrees degree position to, just can carry out low-angle and 90 degree of laser light scattering analyses.
Laser is through the incident diaphragm H of aperture
1, incident diaphragm H
1elimination laser plasma spectral line, only allows laser excitation spectral line light pass through.Again through collimation lens L
1with condenser lens L
2, by Laser Focusing in sample cell S, laser makes sample produce scattered light; Sample scattering light is by aperture scattering diaphragm H
2, scattering diaphragm H
2the scattered light of restriction only near angle position residing for light scattering imaging optical path passes through, and reaches and can carry out laser light scattering accurately.Scattered light is again by the first scattering imaging len L
3, narrow band pass filter F
1with the second scattering imaging len L4, optical filter F
1elimination Raman diffused light is beneficial to laser light scattering Measurement accuracy, and scattered light focuses on light scattering photoelectric sensor D
1on, light scattering photoelectric sensor D
1change light signal into electric signal; Photosignal amplifies and can drive successive load by signal amplifier; Photosignal is carried out correlated count and respective angles related operation by correlator; Laser light scattering result carries out processing, show and preserving by computing machine.
As shown in Figure 4, Fig. 4 is the index path adopting optical filter to realize 0 degree of position correction multi-angle laser light scattering in the utility model, and it comprises sample stage T, the excitation light path of laser excitation sample, light scattering imaging optical path, scattering measuring process and 0 bit correction unit, angle measurement unit C and stepper motor mechanical transmission unit B.The excitation light path of wherein laser excitation sample is provided with laser instrument, incident diaphragm H successively
1, collimation lens L
1, condenser lens L
2with sample cell S, light scattering imaging optical path is provided with successively scattering diaphragm H
2, the first scattering imaging len L
3, narrow band pass filter F
1with the second scattering imaging len L
4, excitation light path and sample cell central shaft maintain static, and light scattering imaging optical path can rotate around sample stage T central shaft ,+-180 degree, and can be in any position between 0-180 degree.Diaphragm is aperture.Scattering measuring process and 0 bit correction unit comprise the light scattering photoelectric sensor D of scattering measuring process
1, signal amplifier, correlator and computing machine, and 0 of 0 bit correction degree of position sensing optical filter F
2, and share photoelectric detection part with scattering measuring processing section; Light scattering photoelectric sensor D
1be on light scattering imaging optical path optical axis, rotate around sample stage T central shaft together with light scattering imaging optical path, photoelectric sensor D
1receive the second scattering imaging len L
4scattered light signal, light scattering photoelectric sensor D
1be connected with the input end of signal amplifier, the output terminal of signal amplifier is connected with correlator, and correlator is connected with computing machine.
0 bit correction is narrow band pass filter F in imaging optical path
1to the second scattering imaging len L
4between 0 degree of position sensing optical filter F is installed
2, 0 degree of position sensing optical filter F
2by 0 degree of direct laser and scattered light decay, through condenser lens L
4focus on photoelectric sensor D
1, by photoelectric sensor D
1provide 0 degree of position correction signal, after signal amplifier, this 0 degree of position correction signal is delivered directly to computing machine.0 degree of position sensing optical filter F
2removable.When detection 0 degree of position, 0 degree of position sensing optical filter F
2be placed in imaging optical path; When measuring, 0 degree of position sensing optical filter F
2remove imaging optical path.
The rotary encoder Cb of angle measurement unit exports the angle signal of light scattering imaging optical path, outputs to computing machine through amplifying process; Narrow band pass filter F in imaging optical path
1to the second scattering imaging len L
4between 0 degree of position sensing optical filter F
20 degree of direct laser and scattered light are decayed simultaneously, because scattered light is much more weak than direct laser, through 0 degree of position sensing optical filter F
20 degree of direct laser can only be detected, through the second scattering imaging len L after optical filtering
4arrive photoelectric sensor D
1, by photoelectric sensor D
1provide 0 degree of position correction signal, amplify and be delivered directly to computing machine, be combined with rotary encoder angle signal and obtain the light scattering imaging optical path angle position incident relative to laser 0 degree.
The utility model only uses a set of scattered light photometric system, makes it rotate around sample cell central shaft, carries out multi-angle photon counting and measures and multi-angle photon correlation scattering analysis, reach laser multi-angle light scattering measurement.
Claims (9)
1. a Rotary Variable multi-angle laser light scattering instrument, is characterized in that: comprise sample stage T, the excitation light path of laser excitation sample, light scattering imaging optical path, scattering measuring processing unit, 0 bit correction unit, angle measurement unit C and stepper motor mechanical transmission unit B; The excitation light path of laser excitation sample is provided with successively laser instrument, incident diaphragm, collimation lens, condenser lens and sample cell, light scattering imaging optical path is provided with successively scattering diaphragm, the first scattering imaging len, narrow band pass filter and the second scattering imaging len, excitation light path and sample cell central shaft maintain static, light scattering imaging optical path can rotate+-180 degree around sample stage central shaft, and any position between 0-180 degree can be in, diaphragm is aperture; Scattering measuring processing unit comprises light scattering photoelectric sensor, signal amplifier, correlator and computing machine; 0 bit correction unit comprises catoptron, condenser lens, 0 degree of position sensing photoelectric sensor, 0 degree of position correction signal amplifier; Angle measurement unit C comprises the signal amplification processor of rotary encoder and rotary encoder; Stepper motor mechanical transmission unit B comprises stepper motor, mechanical transmission mechanism and step motor control module.
2. Rotary Variable multi-angle laser light scattering instrument according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the light scattering photoelectric sensor of scattering measuring processing unit is on light scattering imaging optical path optical axis, rotate around sample stage central shaft together with light scattering imaging optical path, photoelectric sensor receives the scattered light signal of the second scattering imaging len, light scattering photoelectric sensor is connected with the input end of signal amplifier, the output terminal of signal amplifier is connected with correlator, and correlator is connected with computing machine.
3. Rotary Variable multi-angle laser light scattering instrument according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: 0 bit correction unit is included in narrow band pass filter and is provided with catoptron between the second scattering imaging len, 0 degree of direct laser reflects by catoptron, line focus lens focus provides 0 degree of position correction signal to 0 degree of position sensing photoelectric sensor, 0 degree of position sensing photoelectric sensor, after signal amplifier, this 0 degree of position correction signal is transported to computing machine; Catoptron is removable, and when detection 0 degree of position, catoptron is placed in imaging optical path; When measuring light scattering, catoptron moves apart imaging optical path.
4. a Rotary Variable multi-angle laser light scattering instrument, is characterized in that: comprise sample stage T, the excitation light path of laser excitation sample, light scattering imaging optical path, scattering measuring process and 0 bit correction unit, angle measurement unit C and stepper motor mechanical transmission unit B; Excitation light path is provided with successively laser instrument, incident diaphragm, collimation lens, condenser lens and sample cell, light scattering imaging optical path is provided with successively scattering diaphragm, the first scattering imaging len, narrow band pass filter F
1with the second scattering imaging len, excitation light path and sample cell central shaft maintain static, and light scattering imaging optical path can rotate+-180 degree around sample stage central shaft, and can be in any position between 0-180 degree; Diaphragm is aperture; Angle measurement unit C comprises the signal amplification processor of rotary encoder and rotary encoder; Stepper motor mechanical transmission unit B comprises stepper motor, mechanical transmission mechanism and step motor control module; Scattering measuring process and 0 bit correction unit comprise light scattering photoelectric sensor, signal amplifier, correlator and computing machine, and 0 degree of position sensing optical filter F
2.
5. the Rotary Variable multi-angle laser light scattering instrument according to claim 1 or 4, it is characterized in that: light scattering sample cell is square section is the transparent glass tube that circle forms with the string of a musical instrument: light scattering sample cell is placed on sample stage, sample cell central shaft and sample stage central shaft coaxial, sample cell and sample stage maintain static, and do not rotate with light scattering imaging optical path.
6. the Rotary Variable multi-angle laser light scattering instrument according to claim 1 or 4, is characterized in that: the rotary encoder of angle measurement unit C is arranged on the central shaft of sample stage; Described rotary encoder is connected with signal amplification processor, and signal amplification processor is connected with computing machine.
7. the Rotary Variable multi-angle laser light scattering instrument according to claim 1 or 4, it is characterized in that: the mechanical transmission mechanism gear B c of stepper motor mechanical transmission unit B is fixedly connected with light scattering imaging optical path assembly Z, stepper motor rotates through mechanical transmission mechanism gear B c makes light scattering imaging optical path rotate around sample stage central shaft, controls light scattering imaging optical path turn to Difference angles by step motor control module.
8. Rotary Variable multi-angle laser light scattering instrument according to claim 4, is characterized in that: scattering measuring process and 0 bit correction unit comprise light scattering photoelectric sensor, signal amplifier, correlator and computing machine, and 0 degree of position sensing optical filter F
2; 0 degree of position sensing optical filter F
2be arranged on the narrow band pass filter F of imaging optical path
1between the second scattering imaging len; It is removable for 0 degree of position sensing optical filter F2, when detection 0 degree of position, and 0 degree of position sensing optical filter F
2be placed in imaging optical path; When measuring, 0 degree of position sensing optical filter F
2move apart imaging optical path.
9. the Rotary Variable multi-angle laser light scattering instrument according to claim 4 or 8, it is characterized in that: light scattering photoelectric sensor is on light scattering imaging optical path optical axis, rotate around sample stage central shaft together with light scattering imaging optical path, photoelectric sensor receives scattered light signal and 0 degree of position laser signal of the second scattering imaging len, photoelectric sensor is connected with the input end of signal amplifier, the output terminal of signal amplifier is connected with correlator and computing machine respectively, and what signal amplifier was connected with correlator is connected with computing machine again; Signal amplifier is connected operation to carry out 0 degree of position correction measure with computing machine, and signal amplifier is connected and then is connected with computing machine operation and carries out laser light scattering with correlator.
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CN105391368A (en) * | 2015-10-13 | 2016-03-09 | 沈阳东软医疗系统有限公司 | System for measuring position of treatment head diaphragm of linear accelerator |
CN107256668A (en) * | 2017-06-15 | 2017-10-17 | 杭州精科仪器有限公司 | A kind of experimental provision of solid refractometry |
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