CN203369296U - Comprehensive system for killing soil root-knot nematode in in-situ heat injection mode - Google Patents
Comprehensive system for killing soil root-knot nematode in in-situ heat injection mode Download PDFInfo
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- CN203369296U CN203369296U CN201320458214.4U CN201320458214U CN203369296U CN 203369296 U CN203369296 U CN 203369296U CN 201320458214 U CN201320458214 U CN 201320458214U CN 203369296 U CN203369296 U CN 203369296U
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Abstract
A comprehensive system for killing soil root-knot nematode in an in-situ heat injection mode comprises a support, a lifting rocker arm, a controller, a steam generator, a steam distributing cabin, a heat injecting mechanism and a supporting plate. The lifting rocker arm, the controller and the steam generator are all mounted on the support, the steam distributing cabin is connected to the lifting rocker arm and is connected with the steam generator, the heat injecting mechanism is connected between the steam distributing cabin and the supporting plate, the steam distributing cabin and the supporting plate are connected through a spring, and the lifting rocker arm and the steam generator are both connected with the controller. The steam distributing cabin is provided with a pressure sensor and a steam temperature sensor, a limiting sensor is arranged on the bottom of the steam distributing cabin, a soil temperature sensor is arranged on the bottom of the supporting plate, and the limiting sensor, the pressure sensor, the steam temperature sensor and the soil temperature sensor are connected with the controller. The system is capable of effectively killing the soil root-knot nematode in soil on in-situ soil through steam heat injection, high in automation degree and good in effect.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of integrated system of administering soil root nematode by heat injection, belongs to the heat injection of soil root nematode and administers technical field.
Background technology
When vegetable basket is enriched constantly, " residue of pesticide " problem is also a shade of can't get rid of.In the present circumstance, solve " residue of pesticide " problem effective method a lot, still, these methods all can increase considerably Vegetables cost, and then impact is sold.
" residue of pesticide " of vegetables, can be divided into two kinds of situations substantially, and the one, agricultural chemicals is sprayed directly on the residue of pesticide that cause on vegetables, and the 2nd, vegetable plant directly absorbs agricultural chemicals and the residue of pesticide that cause from the soil that contains residue of pesticide.The first situation easily causes everybody attention, as long as and take some simple methods just can to alleviate or eliminate.
The agricultural chemicals remained in soil can enter in plant corpus by the root system of plant.Persticide residue in different plant bodies depends on their absorbing capacities to agricultural chemicals.After agricultural chemicals is absorbed, in plant corpus, the order of abundance is: root > stem > leaf > fruit.This situation just is difficult to cause everybody attention, and this residue of pesticide can be penetrated into a cell of vegetable plant, and the consumer is difficult to remove this residue of pesticide, and this situation is the principal mode that " poisonous vegetables " produce.
Agricultural chemicals is double-edged sword, in pest control treatment weeding and raising crop yield while, also can exceed standard because the agriculture that pesticide abuse causes is residual.Only control the factors such as types of medicines, insecticide spraying time, Drug level, safety interval well, residue of pesticide will reduce.Residual in soil of agricultural chemicals is the maximum root that agricultural environment is polluted.Root knot nematode disease is to occur in the multiple Vegetables such as one of disease comparatively serious on vegetables, main harm cucumber, balsam pear, tomato, eggplant, Kidney bean, celery, spinach, carrot.And along with the adjustment of crop mix, the rapid expansion of vegetable protecting field area under cultivation, root-knot nematode is pathogenetic increases the weight of year by year, and production loss reaches 30%～50%, ruins the seedling event of heavily planting and often occurs.Root-knot nematode harm has simultaneously increased the weight of again the generation of the native transmissibility fungal disease such as fusarium wilt, root rot and parts of fine fungus diseases, has become the large obstacle that current vegetables produce.
Root-knot nematode lives in underground, and its mechanics be difficult to is grasped at the plantation family, thereby is difficult to find the best method of preventing and treating, and the fast and medication of its spread speed simultaneously ought be all the reason that causes the root-knot nematode refractory.Root-knot nematode is mainly invaded the root of vegetables with second instar larvae, make root form root nodule, especially killed serious with lateral root and fibrous root, form atypic large tumour, root system overstriking, air spots when serious on root knot top, and root rots gradually, plant is withered because of lack of water.After being infected, morbidity the lighter overground part Symptoms is not obvious, and the severe one acrial part also has obvious ANOMALOUS VARIATIONS, disease plant depauperation, poor growth.When serious, plant wither, like lack of water, starts the only whole strain of high temperature at noon and wilts, and can also recover normal sooner or later, and plant wither can not recover again afterwards, finally caused withered death.Control to root-knot nematode should be implemented and take cultural control as main mainly to put prevention first, and chemical control is the auxiliary method of preventing and treating, and eliminates the worm source, alleviates harm.
In recent years, due to the continuous expansion of continuous cropping booth vegetable area, and medication science not, causing nematode developmenting spread speed, resistance strengthens.The crop death rate constantly increases, thereby causes the crop Severe Reduction, and quality reduces, and has had a strong impact on crops production.According to our investigation, take cucumber as example, root knot nematode disease generation canopy chamber death rate is generally 20～50%, and the most serious canopy of ruining has no harvest.
Especially at the green house planting vegetable, because the continuous cropping phenomenon is outstanding and for successive years after planting vegetable, nematode population in soil sharply increases, root knot nematode disease occurs serious, have a strong impact on yield of vegetables, simultaneously, the breeding that the warm humid climate condition of booth is damage by disease and insect provides suitable condition, and damage by disease and insect occurs frequent.In production process, in order to improve the output of crops, the agricultural chemicals of having to use in a large number, after agricultural chemicals is used, nearly 80% ~ 90% residue of pesticide are in soil.
In the face of multiple disease pest and weed, keep output, using agricultural chemicals to prevent and kill off is the most convenient feasible way.Along with the enhancing of disease pest and weed resistance, the plantation family increases types of medicines thereupon, improves pesticide concentration, shortens the medication interval phase, so operation, and the residual risk of exceeding criterion of agricultural chemicals will strengthen; In order to pursue higher output, chemical fertilizer and hormone kind are more many with using, and use more assorted and more assorted, and Use out of range chemical fertilizer and hormone phenomenon are seen everywhere now, even more serious in fruits and vegetables growing area situation, and the thing followed is exactly that content of beary metal exceeds standard, hormone-content exceeds standard.Simultaneously, on market, agricultural product are adulterated, mix the genuine with the fictitious, had a strong impact on market comsupton, the high quality agricultural products dull sale, be difficult to allow those really realize with the matter price in strict accordance with agricultural product nuisanceless or that the pollution-free food production rules are produced, allow the plantation family really enjoy the high-quality excess earnings of bringing.
The aggregate measures of preventing and treating root knot nematode disease are more, but select efficient medicament, are the first-selected means of this disease of control, prompt drop nematode density, emergent control caused harm and had unique advantage, but just have unavoidably negative effect as killing the nematode agricultural chemicals.At present, the plantation householder will adopt methyl bromide fumigation and agricultural chemicals to fill with these two kinds of method control root knot nematode diseases of root.A large amount of highly toxic pesticide that use are filled with root, have not only destroyed crop root, but also have destroyed root system beneficial microorganism living environment in soil, break the soil balance, cause vicious circle, cause nematode more and more serious.
Celfume has severe toxicity, is a kind of strong never poison, can cause direct damage to people's skin, lung, kidney and liver.The symptoms such as heart failure, shock can appear in severe poisoning, and indivedual poisoners also there will be and lose the sight of both eyes.Simultaneously, it has strong fumigation action, can kill various pests efficient, wide spectrum.It has very strong penetration capacity to soil, and can be penetrated in the organism that rots to decompose, thereby reach the purpose of deinsectization, diseases prevention, weeding, be a kind of soil fumigant that welcome by the peasant.
In large field, after soil-fumigating, residual agricultural chemicals can volatilize rapidly, in the short time, can sow or field planting., in airtight greenhouse vegetable booth, it is difficult to volatilization, and, plantation family often excessive use again, uninterruptedly plantation, cause residue of pesticide in soil, and then be absorbed by plants again.
Long-term a large amount of use of agricultural chemicals, residual accumulation, cause soil pollution.When the soil planting crop by pesticide pollution, crops absorb the agricultural chemicals in soil, and agricultural chemicals accumulates in agricultural product, has reduced the quality of agricultural product.Long-term edible food of being cultivated by pesticide contaminated soil, will threaten health.
Bread is the staff of life, and food is with An Weixian, and along with the pay attention to day by day of consumer to food security, traditional cropping pattern way to manage has run into unprecedented challenge." agriculture is residual " problem of repeatedly producing has been pushed " high poison ", " high residue ", " agricultural chemicals " to the teeth of the storm.
Root-knot nematode is distributed in 0～30 centimetre of soil more, particularly in 3～9 centimetres of soil, nematode population is maximum, often with ovum or 2 instar larvaes, with plant residue, be retained in soil or in muck, survive the winter or when next year, environment was suitable with 2 instar larvaes from tender intrusion, breeding is caused harm.In greenhouse by solar heat, can cause harm all the year round.Nematode can be by band worm soil or seedling and irrigation water propagation.25～30 ℃ of soil temperatures, soil moisture is that under 40%～70% condition, the nematode breeding is very fast, easily accumulation in a large number in soil, stop action below 10 ℃, death in 10 minutes in the time of 55 ℃.The worm's ovum buried depth of main soil insect is distributed in substantially in 20 centimetres, adult and the worm's ovum that when soil temperature reaches more than 50 ℃ and continues 15 minutes, can effectively kill various soil insects.
Chinese patent literature CN102599139A disclosed a kind of " preparation method of external heat soil sterilization insect-killing device ", CN102599140A disclosed a kind of " installation method of integrated soil sterilization insect-killing device ", CN102599141A disclosed a kind of " integrated soil sterilization insect-killing device " and CN202489109U disclosed a kind of " external heat soil disinfection sterilizer " are by soil being heated to the purpose that reaches sterilizing pesticide, but its shortcoming is to carry the soil strange land, quantities is large, cost of transportation is high, is difficult to practical application.CN201595115U discloses a kind of " high-temperature sterilizing insecticidal baking oven ", comprises soil hoisting equipment, soil discharger and soil apparatus for baking; Casing is provided with the soil hoisting equipment that soil is delivered into to cabinets cavity, and the casing rear portion is provided with the soil discharger that is communicated with cabinets cavity, and casing is provided with for toasting the soil apparatus for baking of soil in the soil discharger.This technology is also to utilize physics high temperature control root nematode, its weak point is: complex structure, need the soil displacement, the flame of " soil apparatus for baking " reverberatory furnace directly contacts with soil, can not keep soil is toasted uniformly, and high-temperature baking is easy to the granular structure of spoiled soil, and can cause soil compaction, affect growing of plant.CN102527704A disclosed a kind of " soil repair system ", comprise that one-level conveying worm, vibratory sieve, deuterostrophies conveyer, pyrolysis analyse condenser group, sack cleaner, air-introduced machine, cooling towers that stove rotary kiln, three grades of conveying worms, disintegrating machine, the first water condenser, cyclone dust collectors, incinerator, gas condenser and the second water condenser form.Its Main Function is exactly that soil to suffering serious industrial pollution carries out pyrolysis, in its rotary kiln, keeps soil temperature the scope of 450 ~ 800 ℃.In this way, the organic principle in soil is all burnt, and has lost arability, and needs to consume a large amount of energy.This mode be only suitable for " soil " that suffers severe by high-temperature heating separated from contaminants.
Summary of the invention
The mobile soil of needs that the utility model exists for existing soil root nematode improvement technology, quantities is large and, to deficiencies such as soil property impact, provide high, easy to operate, the effective original position heat injection of a kind of automaticity to kill soil root nematode integrated system.
Soil root nematode integrated system is killed in original position heat injection of the present utility model, by the following technical solutions:
This system, comprise carrier, elevating rocker arm, controller, steam generator, steam distribution cabin, heat injection mechanism and support plate; Elevating rocker arm, controller and steam generator are installed on carrier, the steam distribution cabin is connected on elevating rocker arm and with steam generator and is connected, heat injection mechanism is connected between steam distribution cabin and support plate, the steam distribution cabin is connected by spring with support plate, and elevating rocker arm all is connected with controller with steam generator; The steam distribution cabin is provided with pressure sensor and vapor (steam) temperature sensor, and the bottom in steam distribution cabin is provided with the limit induction device, and limit induction device, pressure sensor and vapor (steam) temperature sensor all are connected with controller; The gripper shoe bottom is provided with limited post and soil temperature sensor, and soil temperature sensor is connected with controller.
Described heat injection mechanism comprises heat injection pipe and protective casing; the upper end of heat injection pipe be fixedly connected on the steam distribution cabin bottom and with steam distribution cabin internal communication; the protective casing original position is arranged on support plate rotationally; protective casing is sleeved on the heat injection pipe; protective casing is stretched out at the two ends of heat injection pipe; be distributed with venthole on the tube wall of heat injection pipe and be provided with bearing pin, be distributed with outgassing groove on the tube wall of protective casing and be provided with helicla flute, the bearing pin on the heat injection pipe is in helicla flute.
Said system moves to the heat injection zone by carrier by whole system, when the steam pressure that steam distribution cabin the inside detected and temperature rise to while meeting the setting value that the heat injection pressure and temperature requires, controller is controlled elevating rocker arm and is fallen, each heat injection mechanism is inserted in soil, steam injects soil by heat injection mechanism, realizes the heating to soil.Reach when setting value when soil temperature being detected, controller is controlled elevating rocker arm and is risen, and stops air feed.
The utility model automaticity is high, root nematode that can be in soil in-situ is effectively killed soil by the steam heat injection, do not need mobile soil, the desinsection process can not cause the change of soil acidity or alkalinity, trace element and chemical composition, can not cause any pollution and destruction to local environment, and the moisture that condenses of steam can fully absorb by soil again, improve soil property, treatment cost is low, effective.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation that soil root nematode integrated system is administered in the heat injection of the utility model original position.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of heat injection mechanism in the utility model.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of heat injection pipe in heat injection mechanism.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of protective casing in heat injection mechanism.
Fig. 5 is the structural representation in steam distribution cabin in the utility model.
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of gripper shoe in the utility model.
Fig. 7 is the utility model control principle block diagram.
Wherein: 1, heat injection pipe, 2, protective casing, 3, the steam distribution cabin, 4, support plate, 5, spring, 6, elevating rocker arm, 7, controller, 8, steam generator, 9, carrier; 11, venthole, 12, bearing pin, 13, tube wall, 21, outgassing groove, 22, helicla flute, 23, tube wall; 31, steam inlet, 32, pressure tester, 33, installing hole, 34, the spring limit sensors, 35, the cabin body, 36, brace rod, 37, relief valve, 38, pressure sensor, 39, the vapor (steam) temperature sensor; 41, flat board, 42, locating hole, 43, mount pad, 44, dust cover, 45, limited post, 46, the soil temperature inductor.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, original position heat injection improvement soil root nematode integrated system of the present utility model mainly comprises carrier 9, elevating rocker arm 6, controller 7, steam generator 8, steam distribution cabin 3, heat injection mechanism and support plate 4.Elevating rocker arm 6, controller 7 and steam generator 8 are installed on carrier 9.Steam distribution cabin 3 is connected on rocking arm 6, and is connected with steam generator 8.Heat injection mechanism is connected between steam distribution cabin 3 and support plate 4, and steam distribution cabin 3 is connected by spring 5 with support plate 4.Rocking arm 6 is controlled the lifting in steam distribution cabin 3, and steam generator 8 provides steam for steam distribution cabin 3.Elevating rocker arm 6 can adopt hydraulic lifting rocking arm or electric up-down rocking arm, and as Fig. 7, elevating rocker arm 6 all is connected with controller 7 with steam generator 8, and controller 7 is controlled rising and falling of elevating rocker arm 6.Carrier 9 can be various vehicles or by the platform of vehicle mobile.
As shown in Figure 2; the needle tubing of the similar injection of structure of heat injection mechanism; comprise heat injection pipe 1 and protective casing 2; the upper end of heat injection pipe 1 be fixedly connected on steam distribution cabin 3 bottom and with the internal communication in steam distribution cabin 3; protective casing 2 is arranged on support plate 4; but original position is freely rotated, but can not move axially.Protective casing 2 is sleeved on heat injection pipe 1, and protective casing 2 is stretched out at the two ends of heat injection pipe 1.As shown in Figure 3, be distributed with several ventholes 11 on the tube wall 13 of heat injection pipe 1, it is uniform that venthole is axial multiple row; every row distribute again several; the top of tube wall 13 also is provided with bearing pin 12, and venthole 11 is for released vapour, helicla flute 22 combinations on bearing pin 12 and protective casing 2.As shown in Figure 4, the tube wall 23 of protective casing 2 is provided with outgassing groove 21 and helicla flute 22, axially uniform three lists air drain 21 on tube wall 23, and on tube wall 23 tops, helicla flute 2 is set.Heat injection pipe 1 be inserted in protective casing 2 interior after; bearing pin 12 on it inserts in helicla flute 22; bearing pin 12 is used in conjunction with helicla flute 22; be equivalent to pair of cams mechanism; when heat injection pipe 1 moves down; bearing pin 12 moves down thereupon; under the effect of helicla flute 22; heat injection pipe 1 forces protective casing 2 to rotate when moving down; when bearing pin 12 moves to helicla flute 22 lower end; venthole 11 on heat injection pipe 1 aligns and communicates with outgassing groove 21 on protective casing 2, and steam is discharged by venthole 11 and outgassing groove 21, enters soil.Can set helicla flute 22 and make heat injection pipe 1 axial rotation 60 degree.After heat injection completes, heat injection pipe 1 moves under the effect of spring 5 on protective casing 2 is interior, and when bearing pin 12 moves to helicla flute 22 upper end, the venthole 11 on heat injection pipe 1 staggers with the outgassing groove 21 on protective casing 2, the heat injection pathway closure.
As shown in Figure 6; gripper shoe 4 is flat boards 41 that are distributed with locating hole 42; the mount pad 43 of a protective casing 2 is set on each locating hole 42; protective casing 2 is installed in mount pad 43; mount pad 43 moves axially for limiting protecting sleeve pipe 2; can only make protective casing 2 radially freely rotate, can not axially vertically move.The limited post that can regulate 45 that is arranged on dull and stereotyped 41 bottom surfaces is combined into the spring limit sensors 34 in steam distribution cabin 3 the descending signaling switch stopped of controlling rocking arm 6.Dull and stereotyped 41 bottom is provided with soil temperature sensor 46, and soil temperature sensor 46 is connected with controller 7, when the temperature that soil detected when soil temperature sensor 46 reaches setting value, and after the insulation certain hour, controller 7 control elevating rocker arms 6 rises.The periphery of gripper shoe 4 arranges dust cover 44, with protection spring 5 and heat injection mechanism.
When needs add steam injection to soil, by carrier 9, whole system is moved to the heat injection zone, the steam generator 8 that controller 7 is controlled the adding enough water amount starts heating work, when detecting the steam pressure of 3 the insides, steam distribution cabin and temperature, pressure sensor 38 and temperature sensor 39 rise to while meeting the setting value that the heat injection pressure and temperature requires, controller 7 sends instruction, elevating rocker arm 6 actions, elevating rocker arm 6 drives steam distribution cabin 3, support plate 4 and heat injection mechanism integral body are descending, each heat injection pipe inserts in soil, until support plate 4 touches soil ground, stop descending.It is descending that Compress Spring 5 is continued in steam distribution cabin 3 under rocking arm 6 is controlled; now; venthole 11 on heat injection pipe 1 communicates with the 21 pairs of bodies of outgassing groove on protective casing 2; the spring limit sensors 34 of 3 bottoms, steam distribution cabin is triggered; transmission drives stop signal to controller 7; control elevating rocker arm 6 stops descending, and steam injects soil by the venthole 11 on heat injection pipe 1, realizes the heating to soil.When detecting soil temperature, soil temperature sensor 46 reaches 50-60 degree centigrade of setting value; and while being incubated 15 minutes; controller 7 sends control instruction to elevating rocker arm 6 and steam generator 8, stops air feed, and promotes steam distribution cabin 3 by elevating rocker arm 6; spring 5 discharges elastic force gradually; support plate 4 separates gradually with steam distribution cabin 3, and protective casing 2 rotates backward, and sets back; outgassing groove 21 and venthole 11 dislocation, the sealed protection of venthole 11.
Claims (1)
1. soil root nematode integrated system is killed in an original position heat injection, comprises carrier, elevating rocker arm, controller, steam generator, steam distribution cabin, heat injection mechanism and support plate; It is characterized in that: elevating rocker arm, controller and steam generator are installed on carrier, the steam distribution cabin is connected on elevating rocker arm and with steam generator and is connected, heat injection mechanism is connected between steam distribution cabin and support plate, the steam distribution cabin is connected by spring with support plate, and elevating rocker arm all is connected with controller with steam generator; The steam distribution cabin is provided with pressure sensor and vapor (steam) temperature sensor, and the bottom in steam distribution cabin is provided with the limit induction device, and limit induction device, pressure sensor and vapor (steam) temperature sensor all are connected with controller; The gripper shoe bottom is provided with limited post and soil temperature sensor, and soil temperature sensor is connected with controller.
2. soil root nematode integrated system is killed in original position heat injection according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described heat injection mechanism comprises heat injection pipe and protective casing, the upper end of heat injection pipe be fixedly connected on the steam distribution cabin bottom and with steam distribution cabin internal communication, the protective casing original position is arranged on support plate rotationally, protective casing is sleeved on the heat injection pipe, protective casing is stretched out at the two ends of heat injection pipe, be distributed with venthole on the tube wall of heat injection pipe and be provided with bearing pin, be distributed with outgassing groove on the tube wall of protective casing and be provided with helicla flute, bearing pin on the heat injection pipe is in helicla flute.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201320458214.4U CN203369296U (en) | 2013-07-30 | 2013-07-30 | Comprehensive system for killing soil root-knot nematode in in-situ heat injection mode |
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| CN201320458214.4U CN203369296U (en) | 2013-07-30 | 2013-07-30 | Comprehensive system for killing soil root-knot nematode in in-situ heat injection mode |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110603917A (en) * | 2019-10-22 | 2019-12-24 | 宁夏大学 | Soil sterilization and deinsectization machine |
| TWI687154B (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2020-03-11 | 陳殿樟 | Device for elimination of grass seeds on farm |
| CN113455484A (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2021-10-01 | 嘉应学院 | Underground pest control device for banana planting land |
-
2013
- 2013-07-30 CN CN201320458214.4U patent/CN203369296U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TWI687154B (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2020-03-11 | 陳殿樟 | Device for elimination of grass seeds on farm |
| CN110603917A (en) * | 2019-10-22 | 2019-12-24 | 宁夏大学 | Soil sterilization and deinsectization machine |
| CN113455484A (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2021-10-01 | 嘉应学院 | Underground pest control device for banana planting land |
| CN113455484B (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2022-11-11 | 嘉应学院 | Underground pest control device for banana planting land |
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| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20140101 Termination date: 20140730 |
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| EXPY | Termination of patent right or utility model |