CN202659151U - Scraping cutting and impacting combined drilling bit - Google Patents
Scraping cutting and impacting combined drilling bit Download PDFInfo
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- CN202659151U CN202659151U CN 201220225028 CN201220225028U CN202659151U CN 202659151 U CN202659151 U CN 202659151U CN 201220225028 CN201220225028 CN 201220225028 CN 201220225028 U CN201220225028 U CN 201220225028U CN 202659151 U CN202659151 U CN 202659151U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a scraping cutting and impacting combined drilling bit and belongs to the field of rock braking equipment for drilling equipment in petroleum and natural gas, mine engineering, building foundation engineering construction, geology and hydrology and the like. The scraping cutting and impacting combined drilling bit comprises a drilling bit body and a fixed cutting structure fixed on the drilling bit body, wherein an impact cutting structure is arranged on the drilling bit body, the impact cutting structure includes a force transmission mechanism for transferring impact force and impact cutting teeth, the impact cutting teeth are fixed on a punch disposed at the end of the force transmission device, and the punch can slide or perform sliding impact relative to the drilling bit body in the impact force transmission direction. Compared with the traditional PDC (polycrystalline diamond compact) bit, the scraping cutting and impacting combined drilling bit benefits formation penetration of the drilling bit cutting teeth, improves rock breaking efficiency, is favorable for reducing abrasion speed of the cutting teeth, and has remarkable technological advantage for high-strength and high-abrasiveness formations difficult to drill.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to the drilling equipments such as petroleum gas, mine engineering, building foundation engineering construction, geology, the hydrology and uses the rock crushing tool field.
Background technology
Drill bit be in the drilling engineering in order to fractured rock, form the rock crushing tool of pit shaft.Employed conventional bit mainly contains tricone bit, polycrystalline diamond compact bit (being the PDC drill bit) and percussion bit (also claiming rotary percussion drill bit or bore bit) etc. in the drilling engineering now.
Tricone bit mainly breaks rock with the form of crushing (tooth is pressed into rock and causes catalase), applicable stratum wider range, but capacity usage ratio is not high, and efficiency of breaking rock is relatively low.Particularly when deep formation crept into, the cuttings hold-down effect in shaft bottom was fairly obvious under the high density drilling fluid action condition, and tooth is difficult to be pressed into the stratum and forms effectively fragmentation, and the drill bit rate of penetration is very limited.Bearing life is low to be one of the principal element in restriction tricone bit application life.Tricone bit needs the higher efficiency of breaking rock of large the pressure of the drill guarantee, so the load amplitude of bearing is high, simultaneously the gear wheel upper teeth operating principle that replaces fractured rock must cause drill bit axially or extensional vibration, and bearing load by a relatively large margin fluctuates.Cone bit bearing is in the work under bad environment of down-hole in addition, and the life-span of bearing seal is difficult to ensure, so the bearing life of tricone bit is relatively short.
The PDC drill bit is that a kind of composite polycrystal-diamond (be the PDC tooth, also be called for short tooth) that utilizes is cut scraping of rock or the drill bit of the broken rock of shear action.Owing to possessing outstanding superiority aspect cutting element performance and the broken rock mode, thus the PDC drill bit at soft efficiency of breaking rock to medium ground apparently higher than tricone bit.Now, the PDC drill bit uses more and morely in drilling engineering, and ratio is increasing, but for hardness, stratum and serious inhomogeneous stratum that abrasiveness is high, the PDC drill bit still is difficult to adapt to.Existing PDC drill bit all belongs to fixed cutter drill bits (movement-less part on the drill bit), arranges and is cemented on the bit body according to certain rule as the composite polycrystal-diamond of cutting element, consists of the cutting structure of PDC drill bit fractured rock.In order in time the shaft bottom to be carried into ground by the landwaste of drill bit fragmentation, also in order to clean drill bit and cooling cutting teeth, also need have hydraulic structure on the PDC drill bit simultaneously.Hydraulic structure is comprised of drill bit inner flow passage, outer flow passage and spray-hole usually.Spray-hole claims again nozzle, can be the fixed nozzle that is set directly on the bit body, also can be mounted in the replaceable nozzle on the drill bit.For cutting structure and the hydraulic structure that makes drill bit reaches better working effect, in design, when making drill bit, usually according to certain rule the PDC tooth is divided into some groups, PDC tooth on the same group is cemented on the same toothholder, each toothholder and the PDC tooth that distributes thereon consist of a cutting structure unit, are called wing (toothholder is the wing body).Groove between the wing has just formed the outer flow passage of drill bit.This drill bit is blade PDC bit.Blade PDC bit is the major structural types of PDC drill bit.For the PDC drill bit, under the identical condition of drill speed, the pressure of the drill, the efficiency of breaking rock of drill bit depends primarily on the ability of PDC tooth wedging rock, and the degree of depth of PDC tooth wedging rock is larger, and the drill bit efficiency of breaking rock is just higher.Usually, when soft formation crept into, the depth of tooth penetration of PDC Cutter was larger, and the efficiency of breaking rock of drill bit is higher; When hard formation crept into, the wedging ability of cutting teeth just died down, and depth of tooth penetration diminishes, and the drilling efficiency of drill bit just obviously reduces.The shortcoming that mainly contains of PDC drill bit is: the first, and when the intensity of rock or hardness were higher, the PDC tooth is difficult to the wedging rock to be cut to form effectively to scrape, and particularly after the PDC tooth had wearing and tearing, tooth was difficult to the wedging stratum more, and the rate of penetration of drill bit can sharply reduce.Second, the PDC tooth is rock cutting continuously, because violent fricative heat can make tooth reach quite high temperature, when temperature surpasses certain limit, the rate of wear of PDC tooth obviously rises, thereby cause the generation of (when PDC tooth operating temperature was higher than a certain specified temp, the phenomenon that its abrasion resistance obviously descends was called the thermal wear phenomenon of PDC tooth) of thermal wear phenomenon.The 3rd, the rate of wear difference of the PDC tooth on the different radial zones of PDC drill bit is obvious, the cutter-wear rate in general bit exterior zone (particularly outer 1/3 zone of drill bit radius) is obviously faster than the tooth in heart section zone, and the cutting teeth abrasion equilibrium is poor, thereby has reduced the combination property of drill bit.
Percussion bit is the fixed teeth rock crushing tool that cooperates down-the-hole air hammer (being down-hole hammer) to use in the rotary percussion drilling.The structure of percussion bit is similar to the PDC drill bit, does not have moveable element on the drill bit, the fixed cutting teeth that can cover zone to be broken, shaft bottom of some on the bit body.Difference mainly is: the cutting element of PDC drill bit is mainly the PDC tooth, and the cutting element of percussion bit is mainly the carbide alloy similar to the rock bit teeth patterning or the compound tooth of diamond.The crushing mechanism of the rock breaking mechanism of percussion bit and rock bit and the cutting scheme of PDC drill bit all have significant difference.Percussion bit relies on the instant impact realization of its tooth to the fragmentation of bottom rock.The upper end of percussion bit is connecting down-the-hole air hammer, down-the-hole air hammer is when work, its block stamp moves back and forth under the effect of circulation of fluid (drilling fluid or recyclegas), repeatedly clash into drill bit or bore bit, thereby for providing pulsatile impact load with the contacted drill teeth of bottom rock, rock occurs broken under the instant impact effect of tooth.Because the shock loading of drill bit depends on down-the-hole air hammer, so, (these characteristics and rock bit have remarkable difference not need to apply very large the pressure of the drill in the percussion bit course of work, rock bit must be depressed at wammel could obtain higher efficiency of breaking rock), only need with very little the pressure of the drill drill bit to be pressed in the shaft bottom and get final product.Generally, percussion bit can be obtained higher efficiency of breaking rock in brittle formation when particularly harder brittle formation is crept into.In addition, at the larger easily layer tiltedly of stratigraphic dip, adopt percussion bit to creep into and be conducive to reduce hole deviation trend.
Baker Hughes Inc. has proposed a kind of gear wheel-PDC hybrid bit and (has all proposed patent application in the U.S. and other countries, such as PTC WO2010/132232 etc.), this drill bit has increased gear wheel cutting structure (or claiming the gear wheel parts) on traditional PDC cutting structure basis, therefore, can say that also this Mixed drilling bit is combined by stationary cutting structure and gear wheel cutting structure.The stationary cutting structure of Mixed drilling bit by some PDC fixedly wing form, be furnished with fixedly cutting teeth (PDC tooth) on the wing, when bit crept into, fixedly the PDC tooth on the wing was to scrape the broken rock of butt formula; Similar in the gear wheel cutting structure of Mixed drilling bit and the rock bit, gear wheel is installed on the axle journal of bit leg, bit leg and bit body form fixing integral body, and gear wheel also rotates around axle journal in the bit body rotation, and the tooth on the gear wheel is mainly to be pressed into the broken rock of broken mode.This Mixed drilling bit combines the characteristics and advantages of PDC drill bit and rock bit, and when creeping under given conditions, bit performance is better than PDC drill bit and rock bit.But this drill bit also has following obvious shortcoming: the first, axially (drill bit axially) of gear wheel cutting structure and stationary cutting structure or vertically mass motion be consistent.Therefore, the up-down vibration that the gear wheel cutting structure certainly leads in the course of the work will directly affect the job stability of PDC stationary cutting structure, thereby the adverse consequences that causes two aspects: at first, the shock loading that extensional vibration brings causes the damage of PDC tooth easily, shortens the application life of drill bit; Secondly, the extensional vibration meeting makes the depth of tooth penetration generation frequent variations of the PDC tooth in the stationary cutting structure, when serious even may cause the PDC tooth frequently to break away from the shaft bottom, thereby reduces to a certain extent the efficiency of breaking rock of drill bit.Second, gear wheel is connected with bit leg journel by bearing arrangement, because the needs of intensity, the physical dimension of gear wheel cutting structure is relatively large, occupied on the drill bit valuable and limited space, be unfavorable for the layout design of stationary cutting structure and hydraulic structure on the bit body.The size requirements that the gear wheel cutting structure is larger has also limited the application of this drill bit in the deep-well slimhole drilling to a certain extent.Its three, the bearing life of gear wheel cutting structure has formed obvious restriction to the bulk life time of drill bit.
The utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is: provide a kind of scraping to cut-impact combined drill, increase the impact cutting structure on the fixed cutter drill bits basis, take full advantage of the advantage of rock fracture in dynamic indentation mode, promote Cutter to the wedging of rock, improve efficiency of breaking rock, slow down the rate of wear of cutting teeth, increase drilling life of bit, the service behaviour of the bad ground such as promote that drill bit is higher in intensity, abrasiveness is strong or non-homogeneity is stronger.
The utility model purpose realizes by following technical proposals:
Combined drill (abbreviation composite drill bit) is cut-impacted to a kind of scraping, comprise bit body and the stationary cutting structure that is cemented on the bit body, be provided with the impact cutting structure on the composite drill bit, impacting cutting structure comprises the force transmission mechanism that transmits impact force and impacts cutting teeth, impact cutting teeth and be cemented on the drift of force transmission mechanism end, described drift can be done slip with respect to bit body or slide and impact on the impact force direction of transfer.
Particularly, scrape and cut-impact combined drill and comprise bit body, stationary cutting structure, impact cutting structure and hydraulic structure, also can comprise the beater mechanism that produces impact force, impacting cutting structure comprises the force transmission mechanism that transmits impact force and impacts cutting teeth, force transmission mechanism comprises the anvil body that connects successively, dowel bar and drift, form relative sliding between anvil body and the bit body, form relative sliding between dowel bar and the bit body, or form and both allowed relative sliding by swinging slide block, allow again to connect in relative rotation, drift is connected to the end of dowel bar, impact cutting teeth and be cemented on the drift, drift can be done slip with respect to bit body or slide and impact on the impact force direction of transfer.Described bit body is to adhere to, supporting or receiving drill bit stationary cutting structure, impact the matrix of cutting structure and beater mechanism, also is the matrix of nozzle being installed, being formed the drill bit runner.The upper end of bit body (also be the circulation of fluid arrival end, be called for short arrival end) is provided with to connect the screw thread of drill string.The top of bit body is tubular structure, and its tube wall had both had the function of transmitting the pressure of the drill, also plays effect pipe is interior, that the pipe external space is isolated, and its endoporus space is used for arranging the elements such as anvil body of force transmission mechanism, and beater mechanism also can be located therein.The bottom of bit body is mainly the matrix of stationary cutting structure, has offered hole or groove in order to hold dowel bar on it, has also offered the circulation of fluid spray-hole.Except the extending part of drift, impact cutting teeth and dowel bar, the other parts of impacting cutting structure all are positioned at the inner space of bit body, and install from top to bottom according to the order of anvil body-dowel bar-drift.When composite drill bit comprised beater mechanism, top-down erection sequence was: beater mechanism-anvil body-dowel bar-drift, the impact force action that beater mechanism produces are passed to dowel bar, drift by the anvil body on the anvil body again.The upper surface of anvil body is the work plane of load of withstanding shocks, and the lower end is connected with dowel bar, can be to be slidingly connected, and also can be hinged (being chain connection), perhaps directly connects etc.When employing is slidingly connected, can be along the contact surface relative sliding between anvil body and the dowel bar; When adopting articulated manner to connect, can relatively rotate around hinged center between anvil body and the dowel bar.Drift is connected to the other end of dowel bar with modes such as screw thread, interference fit, pin, welding, or consists of an integral element with dowel bar.Drift, fixed impact cutting teeth and the dowel bar that matches thereon consist of one and impact cutting unit, impact the quantity of cutting unit and can only have one, also several can be arranged.In same impact cutting unit, the quantity of dowel bar is one or more than one, and when the quantity of dowel bar during more than one, each dowel bar is mutually connected in series, wherein has each other between the adjacent dowel bar of relative motion to be connected through the hinge.Between force transmission mechanism and the bit body and being connected or mounting means between each element of force transmission mechanism, make drift on the shock loading direction of transfer, do slip with respect to bit body.Stationary cutting structure is arranged on the outer end of bit body bottom, include the cutting teeth pedestal (when stationary cutting structure adopts wing formula structure, the cutting teeth pedestal i.e. fixing wing) and fixing cutting teeth, the cutting teeth pedestal is cemented on the bit body, be fixedly connected with bit body formation, or be combined with bit body and form integral structure, fixedly cutting teeth is cemented on the cutting teeth pedestal.Hydraulic structure mainly comprises inside and outside runner of drilling well circulation of fluid, and the nozzle that is installed in the inner flow passage exit.On drill bit, also be provided with some auxiliary elements, be included as the supporting positive cover that guarantees the correct operating position of anvil body and arrange, and be the elements such as the slide block realizing arranging being connected between anvil body and the dowel bar, bearing pin, and potted component etc.
One of key of the present utility model is: stationary cutting structure and impact cutting structure combine and consist of the combined cut structure, impact cutting teeth on the drift constantly impacts the shaft bottom with certain frequency under impact force action, the stationary cutting structure on the cooperation drill bit is finished the fragmentation to bottom rock jointly.Particularly when the impact cutting teeth on the drift is distributed in radially exterior zone (particularly outer 1/3 zone of drill bit radius) of drill bit, impact cutting teeth broken rock effect so that should the zone fixedly cutting teeth wedging, the needed power of rock cutting obviously reduce, the rate of wear obviously descends, thereby can significantly improve the harmony of the wearing and tearing of cutting teeth on the stationary cutting structure, make drill bit heart section zone and exterior zone fixedly the rate of wear of cutting teeth close to synchronously.Arrangement and the quantity on bit body about stationary cutting structure and impact cutting structure, those skilled in the art can have numerous selections in conjunction with prior art under the instruction of this manual, and these technical schemes are all within the utility model protection domain.
Two of key of the present utility model is: drift can be done slip with respect to bit body or slide and impact on the impact force direction of transfer.Resultant effect is: the first, and the pressure of the drill that is delivered on the bit body by drill string can not be applied on the impact cutting teeth, thereby has avoided the impact cutting teeth continuing contingent Fast Wearing under large the pressure of the drill effect; The second, the pulsatile impact load of impacting cutting structure can not be delivered on bit body and even the drill string, the adverse effect of having avoided pulsatile impact load may cause the safety of bit body and even drill string; The 3rd, help the realization of beater mechanism blank-run prevention function.About impacting the frame mode in order to realize that drift slides with respect to bit body on impact direction in the cutting structure; those skilled in the art can have numerous selections in conjunction with prior art under the instruction of this manual, these technical schemes are all within the utility model protection domain.
Fixedly cutting teeth on the described stationary cutting structure is composite polycrystal-diamond, also can be TSP, natural diamond and impregnated with diamond cutting teeth, the impact cutting teeth that impacts on the cutting structure is hard-metal insert, or does the hard-metal insert that the surface is strengthened with diamond.Profile of tooth as the hard-metal insert that impacts cutting teeth can be hemi-spherical ended shape insert, blunt conical-ended shape insert, chisel teeth, wedge crested chisel insert and scoop chisel insert, also can be the tooth with other shape of good rock fracture in dynamic indentation effect.
The slide plane that matches with bit body at force transmission mechanism (mainly being dowel bar) arranges sealing device, avoid the erosion to dowel bar, bit body in the leakage process of the leakage of circulation of fluid and fluid, simultaneously, because circulation of fluid is higher than outside the bit body at the pressure of bit body inner chamber, the poor force transmission mechanism that acts on of external and internal pressure, generation is with the thrust of drift to extrapolation, and this thrust can make the cutting teeth on the drift press rock surface, is conducive to improve the rock fracture in dynamic indentation efficient of cutting teeth.
The impact cutting teeth of described impact cutting structure can be arranged in described stationary cutting structure fixedly within the radially coverage of cutting teeth, also can independently arrange (not with stationary cutting structure fixedly the radially coverage overlaid of cutting teeth), or part is independent arranges.
As optimal way, the impact cutting teeth of described impact cutting structure and described stationary cutting structure fixedly cutting teeth arrange that in radially overlapping covering the impact cutting teeth that impacts cutting structure is arranged within drill bit radius 1/3rd radial zone in addition.
As optimal way, the impact cutting teeth of described impact cutting structure and described stationary cutting structure fixedly cutting teeth arrange that in radially overlapping covering the impact cutting teeth that impacts cutting structure is arranged within drill bit radius 1/2nd radial zone in addition.
As optimal way, the impact cutting teeth of described impact cutting structure and described stationary cutting structure fixedly cutting teeth arrange that in radially overlapping covering the impact cutting teeth of described impact cutting structure is arranged within drill bit radius 2/3rds radial zone in addition.
As optimal way, the impact cutting teeth of described impact cutting structure is arranged in drill bit radius 1/3rd with within the interior radial zone.
Described force transmission mechanism is provided with anti-drop structure, comes off from drill bit under the pulling capacity effect to avoid drift and dowel bar.
Also can be provided with anti-rotation structure on the described force transmission mechanism, rotate around the dowel bar axle in the course of the work to avoid drift.
As optimal way, the cutting teeth of described stationary cutting structure adopts composite polycrystal-diamond (PDC tooth), the hard-metal insert that the cutting teeth of described impact cutting structure adopts hard-metal insert or strengthens with superhard materials such as diamonds.
As optimal way, the cutting teeth of described stationary cutting structure adopts circular composite polycrystal-diamond, and the cutting teeth of described impact cutting structure adopts hard-metal insert or the diamond composite hard alloy tooth of conisphere shape or wedge shape.
As optimal way, to scrape when cutting-impacting combined drill and comprising beater mechanism when described, bit body adopts split-type structural, beater mechanism and corresponding bit body part thereof can be separated from composite drill bit, consists of independent parts.This moment, bit body was formed by connecting by the impactor body that is provided with beater mechanism and the cutting structure body that is provided with stationary cutting structure and impact cutting structure, beater mechanism is installed in the hollow part of impactor body, and the impactor body is used for holding, installing beater mechanism.At this moment, composite drill bit just is divided into two on the function and make relatively independent part, the i.e. rock crushing tool of the impactor on top and bottom.The function of impactor just provides pulsatile impact power, and the function of rock crushing tool is transmitted impact force exactly, and implements direct fragmentation to rock with stationary cutting structure.Adopt split-type structural more to be conducive to manufacturing and the use of composite drill bit, impactor parts and rock crushing tool parts can be made respectively, enter to fit together before well uses again.
Cut-impact combined drill for comprising scraping of beater mechanism, its course of work is:
Scrape and cut-impact the least significant end that combined drill is connected to drill string.Enter after the well, drill bit moves closer to, arrives the shaft bottom.(when circulation of fluid was drilling fluid, driving arrangement was borehole pump to start the circulation of fluid driving arrangement; When circulation of fluid be gas or when being mainly gas, driving arrangement is gas compressor), make circulation of fluid in the inside and outside circulation of drill string.Apply the pressure of the drill at drill bit, the beginning rotary drilling, the cutting teeth on the drill bit stationary cutting structure namely begins broken bottom rock.Meanwhile, because circulation of fluid has begun circulation, under the driving of drill string inner loop fluid, beater mechanism is started working, apply continuously the pulsatile impact load of certain frequency scope to the anvil body, shock loading is passed to dowel bar by the anvil body, is passed to drift again, finally be applied to and impact on the cutting teeth, thereby realize impacting cutting structure to the fragmentation of bottom rock.After circulation of fluid flows through beater mechanism, flow out from bit port or nozzle by inner flow passage again, finish the cooling cutting teeth, clean drill bit, bottom-hole cleaning and cutting carring function.Although the broken rock work of stationary cutting structure and impact cutting structure is carried out separately, rock breaking mechanism is also different, each other useful influencing each other can occur.Combined drill is usually take stationary cutting structure as the main cutting structure, and impacting cutting structure is the assisted machining structure.Cutting teeth in the stationary cutting structure is generally PDC tooth (or take PDC tooth as main), so the stationary cutting structure on the composite drill bit just is equivalent to a common fixedly cutting teeth PDC drill bit, the key of its efficiency of breaking rock is that the PDC tooth is to the wedging effect of bottom rock.Increase the depth of tooth penetration of PDC tooth, usually can only increase the pressure of the drill, and the increase of the pressure of the drill is limited, and increase the wearing and tearing that the pressure of the drill can aggravate the PDC tooth, reduce the working life of drill bit.Technical solutions of the utility model are impacted cutting structure by introducing in fixed cutter drill bits, can effectively utilize the characteristics and advantages of rock fracture in dynamic indentation mode, promote significantly efficiency of breaking rock and the cutting teeth working life of stationary cutting structure.Impact cutting structure and rely on the impact cutting teeth to the pulsatile impact load fractured rock of the certain frequency of rock, therefore very low to the requirement of work the pressure of the drill, cutting teeth is that the hole is cheated or is pressed in the fragmentation that the respective regions in the shaft bottom forms one by one to the impact effect of bottom rock, these broken generations of cheating or being pressed into the hole have directly promoted the wedging of stationary cutting structure respective regions PDC tooth to bottom rock, have alleviated simultaneously the live load of these PDC teeth.In other words, when the cutting teeth of stationary cutting structure creeps in the scraggly shaft bottom with many broken holes, its rate of penetration will be apparently higher than the rate of penetration on level and smooth shaft bottom, and the rate of wear of its cutting teeth is starkly lower than the rate of wear when creeping in level and smooth shaft bottom.
In the impact cutting structure of composite drill bit, impact each element (comprising anvil body, dowel bar, drift and cutting teeth etc.) that bears pulsatile impact load in the cutting structure and can on the shock loading direction of transfer, do slip or the impact of sliding with respect to bit body.Like this, in the normal drilling process of drill bit, impact cutting structure and do not bear the pressure of the drill from drill string and bit body, also the do not withstand shocks pulsatile impact load of cutting structure of stationary cutting structure.These characteristics both can avoid pulsatile impact load to damage or the adverse effect of stationary cutting structure cutting teeth, bit body and even upper drilling string, also can avoid impacting cutting teeth because continuing to bear the Fast Wearing that large work the pressure of the drill causes.In addition, these characteristics also provide necessary condition for the blank-run prevention function that realizes composite drill bit.Being lowered in the process of drill bit; because the effect of gravity and circulation of fluid inside and outside differential pressure; impact anvil body, dowel bar, the drift in the cutting structure and impact together down sliding one segment distance of cutting teeth; the impact cutting teeth is protruded from outside the stationary cutting structure cutting teeth envelope contour face; impact the residing position of cutting structure this moment is the blank-run prevention position; on this position; the design of the blank-run prevention of beater mechanism can make the jump bit in the beater mechanism stop hammering to the anvil body, to realize the no-load protection of impact cutting structure.Move closer at drill bit, when arriving the shaft bottom, outstanding impact cutting teeth at first contacts the shaft bottom, further in place along with drill bit then, the said elements that impacts in the cutting structure is retracted to normal operation position gradually.When drill bit after the shaft bottom is fully in place, drill bit begins rotary drilling, impacts cutting structure and stationary cutting structure and begins to break normally rock work.When carrying drill bit on the needs when (as pulling out of hole or the continued access drill string), gradually rising along with bit location, opposite with going down process, stationary cutting structure on the drill bit at first leaves the shaft bottom, still keeps contacting with bottom rock and impact cutting teeth, simultaneously, impact the downward slippage of the relative bit body of aforementioned other related elements in the cutting structure until arrive the blank-run prevention position, after this impact the cutting teeth load that no longer withstands shocks, then break away from the shaft bottom, rise with the drill bit other parts.
Cut-impact combined drill for not comprising scraping of beater mechanism, the course of work that produces pulsatile impact load is no longer finished by composite drill bit, finishes and change by impactor.In addition, to cut-impact the course of work of combined drill identical with comprising scraping of beater mechanism for all the other courses of work.Do not comprise scraping of beater mechanism and cut-impact the drill bit that combined drill is not a telotism, must with the use of just going into the well after the supporting installation of corresponding impactor.In fact the composite drill bit of this moment is exactly the split type rock crushing tool parts of cutting-impact combined drill of scraping.When concrete the use, generally should first supporting impactor and composite drill bit be linked together (impactor is connected on the composite drill bit), and then impactor, the composite drill bit that combines be connected to the drill string end.After installing, the use of can going into the well.
The beneficial effects of the utility model:
(1) when composite drill bit during in the shaft bottom rotary drilling, in fixing cutting teeth and the well bottom zone of impacting the overlapping covering of cutting teeth, owing to impact cutting teeth to the continuous impact of rock, the surface, shaft bottom has formed and has been pressed into hole or broken hole, makes the shaft bottom become uneven.Under the identical condition of cutting depth (depth of tooth penetration) or ablation volume (being cut the fragmented rock volume), wedging power (perpendicular to the pressing-in force of rock surface), main cutting force (at cutting force cutting speed direction on) and the cutting power of PDC tooth when rough rock surface cutting is starkly lower than the working angles under rock surface opposed flattened (the not having broken hole) condition, the difficulty of cutting teeth wedging rock obviously reduces, and broken rock energy consumption also obviously reduces.So, to compare with traditional PDC drill bit, composite drill bit can reach higher efficiency of breaking rock on the stratum (stratum that hardness is higher) that cutting teeth is difficult to wedging when creeping into.
(2) as previously mentioned, under the identical condition of cutting depth or ablation volume, the friction power loss of PDC tooth when rough rock surface cutting is starkly lower than the working angles under rock surface opposed flattened (the not having broken hole) condition, and the heat that produces owing to friction also obviously reduces.On the other hand, when rough rock surface cutting, frequent variations can occur in the contact area between cutting teeth and the rock and contact condition, and the cooling effect of cutting teeth can improve.So, compare with traditional PDC drill bit, the cutter-wear rate of composite drill bit stationary cutting structure is lower, and be difficult for occuring thermal wear, can reach higher working life, thereby when the bad grounds such as high abrasive, high rigidity and high inhomogeneity that conventional PDC drill bit is difficult to adapt to used, composite drill bit can reach better drilling effect.
(3) when composite drill bit fixedly cutting teeth and impact cutting teeth overlapping covered be that the radially outer of drill bit is regional (such as outer 2/3rds zones of drill bit radius, outer half territory, or outer 1/3rd zones) time, because the cutter-wear rate of general fixed cutter drill bits exterior zone (particularly outer 1/3 zone of drill bit radius) is obviously faster than the tooth in heart section zone, the broken rock effect of impacting cutting teeth can make this zone fixedly the rate of wear of cutting teeth obviously reduce, so the harmony of cutting teeth wearing and tearing can significantly improve on the stationary cutting structure, namely the rate of wear of the fixedly cutting teeth of drill bit heart section zone and exterior zone is close to synchronously.For take stationary cutting structure (cutting structure that particularly mainly is made of the PDC tooth) as the composite drill bit of main cutting structure, this improvement fixedly effect of cutting teeth abrasion equilibrium is particularly important for the combination property of raising drill bit.
(4) on the stronger stratum of fragility, rock fracture in dynamic indentation can reach preferably rock breaking efficiency.Although the tooth in gear wheel-PDC Mixed drilling bit on the gear wheel also can apply to a certain degree dynamic loading to rock in the process of rock crushing, but composite drill bit impacts cutting teeth and impacts the time (time of contact) in shaft bottom than gear wheel tooth much shorter at every turn, shock effect is more obvious, and can reach higher frequency of impact, so, when crept on the stronger stratum of fragility, composite drill bit not only was better than conventional PDC drill bit, and can reach than gear wheel-better rock breaking efficiency of PDC Mixed drilling bit.
(5) gear wheel in the impact cutting structure in the composite drill bit and gear wheel-PDC Mixed drilling bit all belongs to the motion cutting structure, but the force transmission mechanism in the composite drill bit can be done slip with respect to bit body on the shock loading direction of transfer, resultant beneficial effect is: first, the pressure of the drill that is delivered on the bit body by drill string can not be applied on the impact cutting teeth, thereby has avoided impacting cutting teeth at the Fast Wearing that continues under large the pressure of the drill pressure holding; Second, the pulsatile impact load of impacting cutting structure can not be delivered on bit body and even the drill string, like this, the up-down vibration of the existing motion cutting structure of gear wheel-PDC Mixed drilling bit (gear wheel) may be to fixedly cutting teeth, bit body and even drill string injury, and the shortcoming that reduces stationary cutting structure (PDC tooth) efficiency of breaking rock, in composite drill bit, obtained solving preferably; The 3rd, help the realization of beater mechanism blank-run prevention function.
(6) centre of fixed cutter drill bits has an inner cone zone usually, composite drill bit can impact cutting structure (be arranged in such as the impact cutting teeth that impacts cutting structure drill bit radius 1/3rd with interior radial zone within) at this region division, easier generation volumetric fracture under the impact force action that impacts cutting teeth at the bottom of the tapered well of protuberance, the catalase speed in centre, shaft bottom is significantly accelerated, thereby promotes the raising of drill bit efficiency of breaking rock.
(7) can cover all composite drill bits of (or approaching all) radial zone of shaft bottom for stationary cutting structure, when beater mechanism or impact cutting structure because a variety of causes causes losing efficacy or during inefficiency, stationary cutting structure still can work alone.These characteristics of composite drill bit are better than conventional percussion bit.
(8) compare with gear wheel-PDC Mixed drilling bit, drift is at the occupied space less in drill bit cloth tooth zone, the structure design that is conducive to drill bit particularly is conducive to utilize in design more space to increase fixedly cutting teeth, to improve the working life of drill bit stationary cutting structure.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present utility model, and composite drill bit does not comprise beater mechanism, has 3 fixedly wings, and 3 covers impact cutting units, the fixing alternate layout of wing and drift, joint area employing external thread structure.Among the figure: 1, bit body, 2, stationary cutting structure, 21, fixing cutting teeth, 22, fixing wing, 3, impact cutting structure, 31, impact cutting teeth, 321, drift, 41, runner, 42, nozzle.
Fig. 2 is composite drill bit shown in Figure 1 view (top view) when seeing from the cutting structure end to tip side.
Fig. 3 does the impact cutting structure cross-sectional schematic of part after dissecing to composite drill bit shown in Figure 1.Among the figure: 32, force transmission mechanism, 322, dowel bar, 323, the anvil body, 325, sealing ring.
Fig. 4 is the decomposing schematic representation (for showing the relation of installation, bit body 1 having been carried out horizontal subdivision from the middle part) to composite drill bit shown in Figure 1.
Fig. 5 is structural representation of the present utility model (doing the impact cutting structure cross-sectional schematic that part is dissectd rear formation), composite drill bit does not comprise beater mechanism, impact in the cutting unit 2 dowel bars are arranged, one of them dowel bar is fixedly connected with (or being the integral type structure) with drift, another dowel bar is connected (formation revolute pair) by hinge with the anvil body, between 2 dowel bars also by hinge be connected (formation revolute pair); Between anvil body and bit body, be provided with anvil body supporting positive cover.Joint area adopts female thread structure.Among the figure: 324, supporting positive cover, 326, hinge pin, 327, attachment screw, 3221, dowel bar (), 3222, dowel bar (two).
Fig. 6 is anvil body supporting positive cover righting positioning principle schematic diagram (being that Fig. 5 is in the transverse cross-sectional view of supporting positive cover 324 positions).
Fig. 7 is the righting positioning principle schematic diagram (anvil body 323 with the endoporus hole wall of bit body 1 contact, form matched in clearance, realize the righting location of anvil body) of anvil body during without supporting positive cover.
Fig. 8 the utlity model has 2 fixedly wings, and 2 covers impact cutting units, fixedly the top view during the alternate layout of wing and drift.
Fig. 9 is structural representation of the present utility model, and composite drill bit has 3 fixedly wings, and 2 covers impact cutting unit.
Figure 10 is the composite drill bit drape tooth figure radially when impacting cutting teeth and being arranged in zone beyond the drill bit radius 1/3rd.
Figure 11 is the composite drill bit drape tooth figure radially when impacting cutting teeth and being arranged in zone beyond the drill bit radius 1/2nd.
Figure 12 is the composite drill bit drape tooth figure radially when impacting cutting teeth and being arranged in drill bit radius 2/3rds with exterior domain.
Figure 13 is the composite drill bit drape tooth figure radially when impacting cutting teeth and being arranged in drill bit radius 1/3rd with inner region.
Figure 14 is the composite drill bit drape tooth figure radially when impacting cutting teeth and being arranged in whole radial extension except bit central and zone such as fraction such as grade, rule footpath.
Figure 15 is the corresponding composite drill bit structural representation of Figure 14 cloth tooth design scheme; Among the figure: 3211, heart section drift.
Figure 16 is the top view of composite drill bit shown in Figure 15.
Figure 17 is the force transmission mechanism principle schematic of structure shown in Figure 1, and in this force transmission mechanism, drift is fixedly connected with dowel bar, and dowel bar and anvil body form and be slidingly connected (sliding pair).
Figure 18 is the force transmission mechanism principle schematic of structure shown in Figure 5.
Figure 19 is the principle schematic of a kind of force transmission mechanism of the present utility model, in this force transmission mechanism, drift is fixedly connected with dowel bar, dowel bar and anvil body are connected through the hinge, be provided with the swing slide block between dowel bar and the bit body, it is hinged to swing slide block and dowel bar, swinging slide block and bit body is slidingly connected, be to have formed and both allow relative sliding by swinging slide block between dowel bar and the bit body, allow again to connect in relative rotation, dowel bar both can slide by relative bit body with drift, also can rotate around the center of rotation that swings slide block.Among the figure: 328, swing slide block.
Figure 20 is provided with the swing slide block between the dowel bar of force transmission mechanism shown in Figure 19 and the bit body, and it is hinged with dowel bar to swing slide block, the structural representation when swing slide block and bit body are slidingly connected.
Figure 21 is the principle schematic of a kind of force transmission mechanism of the present utility model, in this force transmission mechanism, drift is fixedly connected with dowel bar, dowel bar and anvil body are connected through the hinge, be provided with the swing slide block between dowel bar and the bit body, swing slide block and dowel bar and be slidingly connected, it is hinged to swing slide block and bit body, dowel bar both can slide by relative bit body with drift, also can rotate around the center of rotation that swings slide block.
Figure 22 is the structural representation of a kind of force transmission mechanism of the present utility model, and in this force transmission mechanism, drive link and drift are fixed, and the impact direction that impacts cutting structure is parallel to the drill axis direction.
Figure 23 is impact cutting teeth of the present utility model schematic diagram when adopting diamond to do the hard-metal insert of strengthening on the surface.Among the figure: 311, carbide alloy, 312, the diamond enhancement Layer.
Figure 24 comprises beater mechanism, and the composite drill bit structural representation when adopting integral structure.Among the figure: 33, beater mechanism, 331, block stamp.
Figure 25 comprises beater mechanism, and adopts the composite drill bit structural representation of split-type structural.Among the figure: 5, impactor parts, 51, the impactor body, 52, block stamp, 6, the cutting structure parts, 61, the cutting structure body.
Figure 26 is for preventing that drift and dowel bar from rotating, the structural concept schematic diagram when adopting spline joint between dowel bar and bit body.
Figure 27 is for preventing coming off of drift and dowel bar etc., the structural concept schematic diagram when dowel bar and bit body are provided with the slip-off preventing step.Among the figure: 12, bit body slip-off preventing step, 3223, dowel bar slip-off preventing step.
Figure 28 is the structural representation of composite drill bit when being in the blank-run prevention position.
The specific embodiment
Following non-limiting examples is used for explanation the utility model.
Embodiment 1:
Such as Fig. 1 to Fig. 4, Figure 10, Figure 17 and shown in Figure 23, combined drill is cut-impacted to a kind of scraping, comprise bit body 1, bit body 1 is provided with stationary cutting structure 2, the hydraulic structure that impacts cutting structure 3 and formed by runner 41 and nozzle 42, stationary cutting structure 2 includes fixedly cutting teeth 21, impacting cutting structure 3 comprises the force transmission mechanism 32 that transmits impact force and impacts cutting teeth 31, force transmission mechanism 32 comprises drift 321, dowel bar 322 and anvil body 323, impact cutting teeth 31 and be cemented on the drift 321 of force transmission mechanism 32 ends, drift 321 can be done slip with respect to bit body 1 on the impact force direction of transfer.Composite drill bit does not comprise beater mechanism, has 3 fixedly wing 22,3 cover impact cutting unit, fixedly wing 22 and drift 321 alternate layouts.Be provided with sealing device (such as the sealing ring 325 between dowel bar among Fig. 3 322 and the bit body 1) between bit body 1 and the force transmission mechanism 32.Fixedly cutting teeth 21 and impact cutting teeth 31 can be respectively composite polycrystal-diamond, TSP cutting teeth, natural diamond cutting teeth, impregnated with diamond cutting blocks, impregnated with diamond cutting teeth, carbide cutting tooth, diamond reinforcement carbide cutting tooth, cubic boron nitride cutting teeth, ceramic cutting tooth, the cutting teeth that perhaps comprises diamond or cubic boron nitride, and other similar teeth applicable to the various types of materials on the drill bit.The profile of tooth of impacting cutting teeth 31 can be blunt conical-ended shape insert, chisel teeth, hemi-spherical ended shape insert, wedge crested chisel insert and scoop chisel insert, also can be the tooth with other shape of good rock fracture in dynamic indentation effect.For TSP, natural diamond or impregnated with diamond cutting teeth, in the bad ground that hardness is high, plasticity is large, abrasiveness is strong, often adopt the high cutter set density fixedly cutting teeth that abrasion resistance is good (such as composite polycrystal-diamond, TSP, natural diamond or impregnated with diamond cutting teeth) to be arranged on the bit body on the stationary cutting structure drill bit.Because cutter set density is high, cutting teeth wedging depth of stratum is limited, fixedly cutting teeth often is difficult to effectively scrape and cuts the broken rock in stratum, and creep into the broken rock of the extremely low lapping mode of efficient, so TSP, natural diamond or impregnated with diamond cutting teeth all are not suitable for being applied on the cutting structure of wing formula usually.The utility model is owing to combine stationary cutting structure with the impact cutting structure, impacting cutting teeth adopts the hard-metal insert of good impact toughness or diamond to do the hard-metal insert that the surface is strengthened, can obviously improve the fixedly degree of depth on cutting teeth wedging stratum, can reduce thus the fixedly cutter set density of cutting teeth, thereby so that the strong cutting teeth of abrasion resistance is applied on the stationary cutting structure (such as wing formula stationary cutting structure) than bare cloth tooth density, and cut brokenly rock to gobble deeply to scrape.Above-mentioned mode of priority can obviously be widened the scope of application and the mode of occupation of the good cutting teeth of abrasion resistance, for bad ground provides more efficient rock-breaking means.And this moment, good wear-resisting cutting teeth is combined with the impact teeth with good impact toughness, and the combination of the two can obviously improve again drilling efficiency and the drilling life of bit of drill bit in bad ground.As shown in figure 23, the impact cutting teeth on the drift 321 31 adopts diamond to do the hard-metal insert that the surface is strengthened.Stationary cutting structure is mutually compound with the impact cutting structure, namely increase in fixed cutter drill bits and impact cutting structure, utilize and impact cutting teeth to the percussion of rock, surperficial formation is pressed into hole or broken hole in the shaft bottom, makes the shaft bottom become uneven.This can reduce fixedly difficulty and the broken rock energy consumption of cutting teeth wedging rock, and improve the fixedly cooling effect of cutting teeth, thereby improve efficiency of breaking rock and the application life of fixed cutter drill bits, widen drill bit in the scope of application of the bad grounds such as high abrasive, high rigidity and high inhomogeneity.The impact cutting teeth 31 that impacts cutting structure 3 can be arranged within the radially coverage of fixedly cutting teeth 21 of stationary cutting structure 2, also can independently arrange the radially coverage overlaid of stationary cutting structure cutting teeth (not with), or part is independent arranges.As preferably, impacting cutting teeth 31 arranges in radially overlapping covering with fixing cutting teeth 21, the cutting teeth that impacts cutting structure 3 is arranged within drill bit radius 1/3rd radial extension in addition (as shown in figure 10), generally, when in common stratum, creeping into, the broken task amount in drill bit heart section zone is less and be easy to fragmentation, and heart section is relatively large with the broken task amount of exterior domain, the cutting teeth wearing and tearing want fast than heart section, therefore, arrange that with exterior domain impacting cutting teeth is conducive to the fragmentation of corresponding region rock in heart section, and slow down the fixedly wearing and tearing of cutting teeth.Drift 321 on the impact cutting structure 3 is mutually fixed with dowel bar 322 to be a fixing integral body, and dowel bar 322 and anvil body 323 are slidingly connected (mechanism principle figure as shown in figure 17).
Embodiment 2:
Present embodiment is substantially the same manner as Example 1, its difference is: certain or each impact that dowel bar has two in the cutting unit, the characteristics of motion of two dowel bars is different, has each other relative motion, one of them dowel bar (one) 3221 is fixedly connected with drift 321, another dowel bar (two) 3222 is hinged with anvil body 323, is connected through the hinge between two dowel bars (such as Fig. 5 and shown in Figure 180).When drift 321 from bit central away from and its impact direction and drill axis angle when larger, adopt two dowel bars that are hinged to be easier to realize the transformation of impact direction and the transmission of impact force.Be provided with anvil body supporting positive cover 324(between anvil body 323 and the bit body 1 as shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6), or directly process the surface that forms matched in clearance with bit body 1 endoporus on the anvil body 323, realize relative sliding and the righting location (as shown in Figure 7) of 1 of anvil body 323 and bit body.
Embodiment 3:
Present embodiment and embodiment 1 or embodiment 2 are basic identical, and its difference is: composite drill bit has 2 fixedly wing 22,2 cover impact cutting unit, fixedly wing 22 and drift 321 alternate layouts (as shown in Figure 8).Adopt less fixedly wing and impact cutting unit, be easy to the small-sized of drill bit, be conducive to the application of composite drill bit in slim-hole.
Embodiment 4:
Present embodiment and embodiment 1 or embodiment 2 are basic identical, and its difference is: asymmetric layout between the fixedly wing 22 of composite drill bit and the drift 321.As shown in Figure 9, composite drill bit has 3 fixedly wing 22,2 cover impact cutting units, and fixedly wing 22 and drift 321 asymmetric (part is not alternate) are arranged.
Embodiment 5:
Present embodiment and above-described embodiment are basic identical, and its difference is: the impact cutting teeth 31 that impacts cutting structure 3 is arranged within drill bit radius 1/2nd radial extension in addition (as shown in figure 11).
Embodiment 6:
Present embodiment is substantially the same manner as Example 5, and its difference is: the impact cutting teeth 31 that impacts cutting structure 3 is arranged within drill bit radius 2/3rds radial extension in addition (as shown in figure 12).Generally, the cutter-wear rate of fixed cutter drill bits exterior zone (the particularly zone beyond the drill bit radius 2/3rds) is obviously faster than the tooth in heart section zone, the broken rock effect of impacting cutting teeth can make this zone can also reduce its rate of wear when fixedly cutter breaking rock efficient improves, and makes the rate of wear of fixedly cutting teeth of the regional and exterior zone of drill bit heart section close to synchronously.
Embodiment 7:
Present embodiment and above-described embodiment are basic identical, and its difference is: the impact cutting teeth 31 that impacts cutting structure 3 is arranged in drill bit radius 1/3rd with (as shown in figure 13) within the interior radial extension.The centre of drill bit has an inner cone zone usually, when in the large stratum of the high fragility of hardness, creeping into, impact cutting teeth near drill bit heart section region division, under the percussion of impacting cutting teeth, be easier to the brittle crush (being volumetric fracture) of heart section rock, be conducive to improve the drill bit drilling efficiency.
Embodiment 8:
Present embodiment and above-described embodiment are basic identical, its difference is: the impact cutting teeth 31 that impacts cutting structure 3 is arranged in the whole radial extension except bit central and zone such as fraction such as grade, rule footpath (as shown in figure 14), such as Figure 15, shown in Figure 16, arrange near the center of drill bit and to have the inclination section's drift 3211.In the bad ground high in intensity, that plasticity is large, all be furnished with the impact cutting teeth in the whole radial extension of drill bit, can in whole radial zone, increase the uneven property of bottom rock, improve in the whole radial extension fixedly efficiency of breaking rock and the cooling effect of cutting teeth, and then efficiency of breaking rock and the application life of raising composite drill bit in this kind bad ground.
Embodiment 9:
Present embodiment and above-described embodiment are basic identical, its difference is: drift 321 is fixedly connected with dowel bar 322, dowel bar 322 and anvil body 323 chain connections, be provided with between dowel bar 322 and the bit body 1 and swing slide block 328, it is hinged with dowel bar 322 to swing slide block 328, swing slide block 328 and bit body 1 be slidingly connected (such as Figure 19 and shown in Figure 20), be to have formed and both allow relative sliding by swinging sliding 328 between dowel bar 322 and the bit body 1, allow again to connect in relative rotation, dowel bar 322 both can slide by relative bit body 1 with drift 321, also can rotate around the center of rotation that swings slide block 328.When the impact direction of drift 321 and drill bit shaft were larger to angle, the introducing that swings slide block 328 can make the transmission of impact force more smooth and easy.
Embodiment 10:
Present embodiment is substantially the same manner as Example 9, its difference is: as shown in figure 21, swinging slide block 328 is slidingly connected with dowel bar 322, it is hinged with bit body 1 to swing slide block 328, dowel bar 322 both can slide by relative bit body 1 with drift 321, also can rotate around the center of rotation that swings slide block 328.The effect of present embodiment is substantially the same manner as Example 9.
Embodiment 11:
In the present embodiment, the impact direction of described impact cutting structure is parallel to the drill axis direction.As shown in figure 22, with this understanding, transmission mechanism 32 need not labyrinth, only needs drive link 322 fixed drifts 321 to get final product.Other technologies scheme those skilled in the art can be under feasible prerequisite independent assortment in the manual technical scheme or other embodiment.
Embodiment 12:
Present embodiment and above-described embodiment are basic identical, and its difference is: composite drill bit comprises beater mechanism 33, and beater mechanism 33 is integral type structure (as shown in figure 24) with bit body.The impact force that beater mechanism 33 produces during drill bit work acts on the anvil body 323 of force transmission mechanism 32 by the block stamp 331 on the beater mechanism 33.Integral structure makes that the composite drill bit internal construction is compacter, reliability is higher.
Embodiment 13:
Present embodiment is substantially the same manner as Example 12, its difference is: bit body 1 adopts split-type structural, be formed by connecting by the impactor body 51 that is provided with beater mechanism and the cutting structure body 61 that is provided with stationary cutting structure 2 and impact cutting structure 3, the hollow part that beater mechanism is installed in impactor body 51 forms impactor parts 5, and stationary cutting structure 2, impact cutting structure 3 and cutting structure body 61 consist of cutting structure parts 6(as shown in figure 25).The impact force that impactor parts 5 produce during drill bit work acts on the anvil body 323 of force transmission mechanism by the upper block stamp 52 of beater mechanism.Adopt split-type structural to be conducive to manufacturing and the use of composite drill bit, impactor parts 5 and cutting structure parts 6 can be made respectively, enter to fit together before well uses again.
Embodiment 14:
In the present embodiment, for preventing the rotation of drill bit when work dowel bar 322 and drift 321 etc., between drift 321 and the bit body 1 or (and) be provided with anti-rotation structure between dowel bar 322 and the bit body 1.As shown in figure 26, between dowel bar 322 and the bit body 1 spline joint is set, rotates around the dowel bar axle in the course of the work to avoid dowel bar 322 and drift 321 etc.
Embodiment 15:
In the present embodiment, for preventing coming off of dowel bar 322 and drift 321 etc., between drift 321 and the bit body 1 or (and) be provided with anti-drop structure between dowel bar 322 and the bit body 1.As shown in figure 27, be respectively arranged with slip-off preventing step 3223 and 12 at dowel bar 322 and bit body 1, come off from drill bit under the pulling capacity effect in order to avoid dowel bar 322 and drift 321 etc.
Embodiment 16:
In the present embodiment, for prevent that drill bit is lowered in the process or on block stamp is to the hammering of anvil body 323 when carrying drill bit, composite drill bit is provided with the blank-run prevention structure.As shown in figure 28, when drill bit does not contact the shaft bottom, because the effect of gravity and circulation of fluid inside and outside differential pressure, impact anvil body 323, dowel bar 322, the drift 321 in the cutting structure 3 and impact together down sliding one segment distance of cutting teeth 31, impact cutting teeth 31 is protruded from outside the envelope contour face of stationary cutting structure cutting teeth 21, and impact cutting structure 3 residing positions this moment is the blank-run prevention position.On this position, the blank-run prevention of beater mechanism design can make the jump bit in the beater mechanism stop hammering to the anvil body, to realize the no-load protection of impact cutting structure.
The above only is preferred embodiment of the present utility model; not in order to limit the utility model; all any modifications of within spirit of the present utility model and principle, doing, be equal to and replace and improvement etc., all should be included within the protection domain of the present utility model.
Claims (10)
1. scrape and cut-impact combined drill for one kind, comprise bit body (1) and be cemented in stationary cutting structure (2) on the bit body (1), it is characterized in that: described bit body (1) also is provided with and impacts cutting structure (3), impacting cutting structure (3) comprises the force transmission mechanism (32) that transmits impact force and impacts cutting teeth (31), impact cutting teeth (31) and be cemented on the terminal drift (321) of force transmission mechanism (32), described drift (321) can be done slip with respect to bit body (1) or slide and impact on the impact force direction of transfer.
2. combined drill is cut-impacted to a kind of scraping according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described bit body (1) also is provided with the beater mechanism (33) that produces impact force and transmitted impact force by described force transmission mechanism (32).
3. combined drill is cut-impacted to a kind of scraping according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described bit body (1) adopts split-type structural, be formed by connecting by the impactor body (51) that is provided with described beater mechanism and the cutting structure body (61) that is provided with described stationary cutting structure (2) and impacts cutting structure (3), beater mechanism is installed in the hollow part of impactor body (51).
According to claim 1 and 2 or 3 described a kind of scraping cut-impact combined drill, it is characterized in that: be furnished with described impact cutting teeth (31) in the radial zone beyond the drill bit radius 1/3rd.
According to claim 1 and 2 or 3 described a kind of scraping cut-impact combined drill, it is characterized in that: be furnished with described impact cutting teeth (31) in the radial zone beyond the drill bit radius 1/2nd.
According to claim 1 and 2 or 3 described a kind of scraping cut-impact combined drill, it is characterized in that: be furnished with described impact cutting teeth (31) in the radial zone beyond the drill bit radius 2/3rds.
According to claim 1 and 2 or 3 described a kind of scraping cut-impact combined drill, it is characterized in that: drill bit radius 1/3rd is to be furnished with described impact cutting teeth (31) in the interior radial zone.
According to claim 1 and 2 or 3 described a kind of scraping cut-impact combined drill, it is characterized in that: described force transmission mechanism (32) comprises the anvil body (323) that connects successively, dowel bar (322) and drift (321), form relative sliding between anvil body (323) and the bit body (1), form relative sliding between dowel bar (322) and the bit body (1), or form and both allowed relative sliding by swinging slide block (328), allow again to connect in relative rotation, described drift (321) is connected to the end of dowel bar (322), or consists of an integral element with dowel bar (322).
9. combined drill is cut-impacted to a kind of scraping according to claim 8, it is characterized in that: in same impact cutting unit, the quantity of dowel bar is one or more than one, when the quantity of dowel bar during more than one, each dowel bar is mutually connected in series, wherein has each other between the adjacent dowel bar of relative motion to be connected through the hinge.
According to claim 1 and 2 or 3 described a kind of scraping cut-impact combined drill, it is characterized in that: the fixedly cutting teeth (21) on the described stationary cutting structure (2) is composite polycrystal-diamond, also can be TSP, natural diamond and impregnated with diamond cutting teeth, the impact cutting teeth (31) that impacts on the cutting structure (3) is hard-metal insert, or does the hard-metal insert that the surface is strengthened with diamond.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201220225028 CN202659151U (en) | 2012-05-18 | 2012-05-18 | Scraping cutting and impacting combined drilling bit |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201220225028 CN202659151U (en) | 2012-05-18 | 2012-05-18 | Scraping cutting and impacting combined drilling bit |
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| CN202659151U true CN202659151U (en) | 2013-01-09 |
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| CN 201220225028 Expired - Fee Related CN202659151U (en) | 2012-05-18 | 2012-05-18 | Scraping cutting and impacting combined drilling bit |
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| CN102678055A (en) * | 2012-05-18 | 2012-09-19 | 西南石油大学 | Scraping-cutting and impacting combined type drill |
| CN103806838A (en) * | 2014-03-03 | 2014-05-21 | 陶德明 | Lithosphere piling drill |
| CN104847274A (en) * | 2015-05-19 | 2015-08-19 | 中国水利水电第十工程局有限公司 | Multi-head arc cutting type semispherical drill bit |
| CN104847273A (en) * | 2015-05-19 | 2015-08-19 | 中国水利水电第十工程局有限公司 | Semi-spherical multi-layer cutting drill and drilling tool with the same |
| CN104847277A (en) * | 2015-05-15 | 2015-08-19 | 中国水利水电第十工程局有限公司 | Polycrystalline diamond multi-point cutting bit for dive-hole hammer |
| CN105649539A (en) * | 2016-04-05 | 2016-06-08 | 武汉亿斯达工具有限公司 | Combined cutting PDC (polycrystalline diamond compact) bit provided with breaking hammer |
| CN110067516A (en) * | 2019-05-22 | 2019-07-30 | 成都迪普金刚石钻头有限责任公司 | A kind of quick washing-, which is scraped, cuts combined type broken rock PDC drill bit |
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| WO2013170788A1 (en) * | 2012-05-18 | 2013-11-21 | 西南石油大学 | Combination scraping and impacting drill bit |
| CN102678055B (en) * | 2012-05-18 | 2015-10-28 | 西南石油大学 | One scrape cut-impact combined drill |
| CN102678055A (en) * | 2012-05-18 | 2012-09-19 | 西南石油大学 | Scraping-cutting and impacting combined type drill |
| CN103806838A (en) * | 2014-03-03 | 2014-05-21 | 陶德明 | Lithosphere piling drill |
| CN103806838B (en) * | 2014-03-03 | 2016-03-09 | 陶德明 | Lithosphere piling drill bit |
| CN104847277A (en) * | 2015-05-15 | 2015-08-19 | 中国水利水电第十工程局有限公司 | Polycrystalline diamond multi-point cutting bit for dive-hole hammer |
| CN104847273B (en) * | 2015-05-19 | 2017-08-29 | 中国水利水电第十工程局有限公司 | The hemispherical drill bit of multilayer cutting and the boring bar tool with the drill bit |
| CN104847274A (en) * | 2015-05-19 | 2015-08-19 | 中国水利水电第十工程局有限公司 | Multi-head arc cutting type semispherical drill bit |
| CN104847273A (en) * | 2015-05-19 | 2015-08-19 | 中国水利水电第十工程局有限公司 | Semi-spherical multi-layer cutting drill and drilling tool with the same |
| CN105649539A (en) * | 2016-04-05 | 2016-06-08 | 武汉亿斯达工具有限公司 | Combined cutting PDC (polycrystalline diamond compact) bit provided with breaking hammer |
| CN110067516A (en) * | 2019-05-22 | 2019-07-30 | 成都迪普金刚石钻头有限责任公司 | A kind of quick washing-, which is scraped, cuts combined type broken rock PDC drill bit |
| CN110067516B (en) * | 2019-05-22 | 2024-03-22 | 倪政敏 | Quick impact-scraping and cutting combined rock breaking PDC drill bit |
| CN111236848A (en) * | 2020-01-17 | 2020-06-05 | 西南石油大学 | Controllable electromagnetic drive type impact-scraping composite drill bit and method |
| CN111236848B (en) * | 2020-01-17 | 2021-07-20 | 西南石油大学 | Controllable electromagnetic drive type impact-scraping composite drill bit and method |
| CN111411897A (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2020-07-14 | 西南石油大学 | Punching PDC drill bit |
| CN113405895A (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2021-09-17 | 西南石油大学 | A anchor clamps for scraping cut and strike compound broken rock test |
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