CN106089087B - A kind of punching composite drill bit suitable for bad ground - Google Patents
A kind of punching composite drill bit suitable for bad ground Download PDFInfo
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- CN106089087B CN106089087B CN201610626566.4A CN201610626566A CN106089087B CN 106089087 B CN106089087 B CN 106089087B CN 201610626566 A CN201610626566 A CN 201610626566A CN 106089087 B CN106089087 B CN 106089087B
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- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 316
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
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- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 5
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 abstract description 38
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
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- 235000006508 Nelumbo nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000006510 Nelumbo pentapetala Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 208000002697 Tooth Abrasion Diseases 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/36—Percussion drill bits
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/42—Rotary drag type drill bits with teeth, blades or like cutting elements, e.g. fork-type bits, fish tail bits
- E21B10/43—Rotary drag type drill bits with teeth, blades or like cutting elements, e.g. fork-type bits, fish tail bits characterised by the arrangement of teeth or other cutting elements
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/46—Drill bits characterised by wear resisting parts, e.g. diamond inserts
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of punching composite drill bits suitable for bad ground, including drill body, wing and the hydrophthalmia or nozzle being arranged on drill body, several first group of cutting tooth is provided on wing, recess is arranged to fix first group of cutting tooth in the wing cloth flank of tooth, impact cutting structure and impact force transfer mechanism are additionally provided on drill bit, impact cutting tooth is disposed on impact cutting structure, the body profiles line of the body profiles line of at least one wing and at least another wing has at least one not overlapping region collectively covering in range, and at least one coincidence point or overlapping region.This structure feature can make drill bit work with asynchronous cutting way, it not only can increase longitudinal abrasion length of drill bit, extend bit life, and drill bit can be made to creep into state all in high specific pressure in entire drilling process, the ability for enhancing drill bit intrusion rock, so that drill bit be made all to be improved in the drilling speed of bad ground and service life.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to oil-gas drilling engineering, mine engineering, building foundation engineering constructions, geological drilling, tunnel
The technical equipment such as engineering, the hydrology, shield and no-dig technique field, more particularly to a kind of Drilling bore bit.
Background technique
Drill bit is to fractured rock, the rock crushing tool of formation pit shaft in drilling engineering, and there are commonly PDC drill bits, gear wheel
Drill bit and percussion bit.PDC drill bit by high rigidity, it is wear-resisting, shearing-crushing rock can be carried out from sharp composite polycrystal-diamond,
For PDC drill bit since rate of penetration is high in soft-medium hard formation, the service life is long, drilling cost is low, obtains in drilling engineering extensively
It uses.It is existing that usually all there are several wings by the fixed cutter drill bits of representative of PDC drill bit, along drill bit on wing
Be arranged radially multiple cutting elements (to PDC drill bit, cutting element is mainly composite polycrystal-diamond, abbreviation composite sheet or
PDC tooth).But when boring chance hard formation, the cutting tooth on the nose and shoulder of PDC drill bit is difficult effective wedging stratum, thus greatly
Rate of penetration is reduced greatly.Rock bit broken rock in a manner of impacting crushing forms deeper crushing teeth hole in shaft bottom.Work as stratum
When harder, rock cannot be made to generate volume broken rock, to reduce the utilization rate of energy, efficiency of breaking rock is lower.Percussion bit is punching
The fixation tooth rock crushing tool for cooperating down-the-hole air hammer (down-hole hammer) to use in rotary drill well.The rock breaking mechanism and rotary drill of percussion bit
The crushing mechanism of head and the cutting scheme of PDC drill bit all have significant difference.The moment impact by tooth of percussion bit
Power realization is crushed bottom rock.The upper end of percussion bit is connected to down-the-hole air hammer, its block stamp is in circulation of fluid when work
Under the action of move back and forth, hit drill bit repeatedly, give tooth provide shock loading.Under normal conditions, percussion bit is in brittleness
When layer is especially crept into compared with hard formation, higher efficiency of breaking rock can be obtained.
Chinese patent " one kind scrape cut-impact combined drill " that Southwest Petrol University submits (patent No.:
2012101255406.8) in, on the basis of drill bit stationary cutting structure, impact cutting structure and impact force transmitting are increased
Mechanism makes full use of the advantage of rock fracture in dynamic indentation mode, and the broken and damage by impact cutting structure to rock is promoted drill bit and cut
Tooth is cut to the wedging of rock, improves efficiency of breaking rock, improves drill bit in high-intensitive, high abrasive or strong heterogeneity etc. to reach
The ability to work of bad ground.In addition, the impact force transmitted by force transmission mechanism only acts on impact cutting structure, and fix
Cutting tooth on wing not will receive the effect of impact force, while improving efficiency of breaking rock, can guarantee cutting tooth have compared with
Long working life.Impact force transfer mechanism in the present invention is identical as appeal patent.
But include above-mentioned patented technology in the prior art, wing where fixed cutting tooth is cut according to synchronizing
Principle is cut to be designed, i.e., on each wing the cutting tooth of different radial positions simultaneously or it is synchronous (or substantially simultaneously, it is substantially same
Step) enter working condition, start to cut bottom rock, and start simultaneously at and wear.Green bit (bores under ideal working condition
The stabilization drilling state that is overlapped with wellbore center of head center) drilling rock when, simultaneously participate in scrape cut rock all cutting tooths it is equal
For main cutting tooth, main cutting tooth is the primary cutting element of drill bit fractured rock, the front side of each wing is typically provided at, with benefit
In reaching better cooling and cleaning effect.Other than cutting tooth, standby cutting tooth can be also set on drill bit as needed
(i.e. when main cutting odontotripsis to a certain extent after the cutting tooth just devoted oneself to work, such as rear toothrow) and assisted machining structure it is (main
Refer to the structure for helping main cutting tooth broken rock, such as bores tooth, or the buffer structure of protection cutting tooth effect, such as buffering section or buffering tooth
Deng).
In drill bit design process, it will usually arbitrarily determine a plane by drill bit central axis as cloth tooth shaft face
(being also referred to simply as axial plane), the radial and axial position of each cutting tooth can accurately be expressed on the axial plane on drill bit.When
When drill bit rotates under conditions of axial position is constant around own axes, the land contour line and axial plane of cutting tooth are crossed to form friendship
Line, the intersection are the axial plane contour line of cutting tooth, then by main cutting teeth all on drill bit (or on several specified wings or dise knife
All main cutting teeth) axial plane contour line collect in the axial plane, be formed axial plane cloth tooth figure (or several specified knives of drill bit
The axial plane cloth tooth figure of the wing or dise knife).Because axial plane cloth tooth figure can accurately reflect on drill bit cutting tooth to the covering feelings of bottom rock
Condition, therefore it is called shaft bottom drape tooth figure, abbreviation drape tooth figure or shaft bottom coverage diagram.
In the shaft bottom coverage diagram of drill bit, make an external envelope song tangent with the axial plane contour line of all main cutting teeth
Line, as the cutting contour line (namely crown profile line of drill bit) of drill bit, as shown in figure 3, for the brill of routine PDC in the prior art
The shaft bottom coverage diagram of head, wherein the horizontal direction labeled as R is that drill bit is radial, and the vertical direction labeled as Z is that drill bit is axial,
The curve of label 11 is the cutting contour line of drill bit in the prior art.
In the shaft bottom coverage diagram of drill bit, if only specifying the cutting tooth on wing or dise knife to show some, and incite somebody to action
Cutting tooth on other wings or dise knife conceals, and is formed the axial plane cloth tooth figure of the wing or dise knife.In wing or dise knife
In axial plane cloth tooth figure, make an external envelope curve tangent with the axial plane contour line of each main cutting tooth, which is then referred to as
The cutting contour line of the wing or dise knife.The cutting contour line of wing is reflected when main cutting tooth is distributed (energy close enough on wing
The shaft bottom radial zone where the wing is completely covered) when, the basic or desired profile in the shaft bottom which independently cuts
Shape feature.
If drill bit rotates under conditions of axial position is constant around own axes, for a certain wing body, front side
The intersection of face and its cloth flank of tooth will form one using drill bit central axis as the surface of revolution of axis as the rotation of drill bit is scanned,
The intersection of the surface of revolution and axial plane is the body profiles line of wing, as shown in Fig. 3 or 12, wherein the curve marked as 32,
The as body profiles line of wing.Similarly, the body profiles line of dise knife is also such.Under normal conditions, due to being arranged in knife
The proud exposure of main cutting tooth on the wing cloth flank of tooth is same or similar (closing on except the region of gage land), so wing
The shape for cutting contour line and its body profiles line is in parastate substantially, and it is obvious poor only to have in the region for closing on rule diameter
It is different.Therefore, based on the needs for realizing synchronous cutting principle, the body profiles line of each wing of drill bit is mutual weight in the prior art
It closes or essentially coincides.In other words, theoretically the body profiles line of each wing of drill bit is with drill bit central axis same
On the surface of revolution of axis, thus they are all one sections in an identical curve or same curve.This feature can be referred to as
For the consistency or synteny of each wing body profiles line of drill bit.Obviously, this consistency or synteny are not only present in each knife
The body profiles line of the wing, and be also to set up to the cutting contour line of each wing.Exactly this structure feature, so that being fixedly arranged at
Main cutting tooth on each wing of drill bit simultaneously or synchronous cutting bottom rock, and then can form pit shaft.
The existing PDC drill bit with synchronous cutting principle in face of complicated bad ground (high rigidity, high abrasive or even
Containing the heterogeneities such as gravel layer, interlayer stratum) when, not only drilling efficiency is restricted, and service life is also undesirable.It is main former
Because being: first, can have the ability of stronger wedging or intrusion rock surface to guarantee drill bit in hard formation drilling, just
Need using size (diameter) lesser cutting tooth, however the proud exposure of minor diameter cutting tooth is small, can wear height it is significantly low
In major diameter cutting tooth, but at this time, the rate of wear of cutting tooth faster, therefore is formed the design of bad ground drill bit
In insoluble contradiction: according to major diameter cutting tooth, cutting tooth, which is difficult to invade rock, (especially to be occurred to wear to a certain degree
After), drill bit efficiency of breaking rock is low；According to minor diameter cutting tooth, the working life of cutting tooth is again inadequate.Second, drill bit is hard
Cutting tooth is frequently subjected to stronger shock loading when creeping into stratum, heterogeneity stratum, and a small amount of or even individual cutting tooths easily occur
Fall off, be broken, fragmentation, diamond layer the rapid failures phenomenon such as burst apart, this phenomenon will cause close region once occurring
Cutting tooth then generates ring cutting phenomenon, i.e., drill bit is in the radial zone because of chain failure caused by increased workload
The exposure part of cutting tooth is wholly or largely ground off, and grinds annular groove on each wing ontology of drill bit in turn.Ring cutting is existing
As once occurring, the ontology of each wing directly forms face contact with rock on drill bit, even if the cutting tooth on wing is not yet complete
Portion has been ground, but due to reduction more serious than pressure, so the efficiency of breaking rock of drill bit can be remarkably decreased.So when grinding annular groove on drill bit
Afterwards, drill bit is generally considered as to have lost or close to cutting power is lost, cannot not only reenter well use, reparation is even connected when serious
(cutting tooth that replacement or renovation have worn away) is all difficult to carry out.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to: it proposes a kind of punching composite drill bit suitable for bad ground, drill bit can be obviously improved
Workability under the formation conditions such as complicated applications condition, bad ground, especially high rigidity, high abrasive, high inhomogeneity
Energy.
The object of the invention is realized by following technical proposals:
A kind of punching composite drill bit suitable for bad ground, including drill body, wing and it is arranged in drill body
On hydrophthalmia or nozzle, several first group of cutting tooth is provided on wing, recess is arranged to fix first in the wing cloth flank of tooth
Group cutting tooth is additionally provided with impact cutting structure and impact force transfer mechanism on drill body, impacts on cutting structure and is disposed with punching
Hit cutting tooth, impact cutting structure can slide relative to drill body, the body profiles line of at least one wing and at least
The body profiles line of another wing collectively cover in range have at least one not overlapping region (or for the area Yi Kuo
Domain) and at least one coincidence point or overlapping region (or for wide region).
For drill body according to the present invention, wing, the wing cloth flank of tooth, hydrophthalmia, nozzle, wing body profiles line,
Or even first group of cutting tooth and impact cutting structure and its impact cutting tooth, it is concept well known in the art, this will not be repeated here,
It can be the structural schematic diagram of drill bit of the present invention with reference to as shown in Fig. 1,2,19, wherein 1 be drill body, 2 be to impact to cut
Structure, 221 be impact force transfer mechanism, 21 be impact cutting tooth, 3 be wing, 33 be the wing cloth flank of tooth, 41 be first group of cutting
Tooth, 61 are hydrophthalmia or nozzle；It as shown in figure 12, is that (Figure 12 is that Fig. 1 drill bit is each to each wing body profiles line schematic diagram in the present invention
Wing body profiles line shape and position in coverage diagram), wherein 32 be wing body profiles line.
In existing technology, on drill bit the body profiles line of all wings same using drill bit central axis as axis
On the surface of revolution of line, thus they belong to an identical curve, or are respectively one section in same curve.But in the present invention
In, each wing can have wing body profiles line that is independent, being not affiliated with same surface of revolution, and at least one wing
Body profiles line and the body profiles line of at least another wing there is not overlapping region simultaneously collectively covering in range
(hereinafter referred to as different wide region) and coincidence point or overlapping region (hereafter referred to collectively as with wide region, comprising coincidence point and are overlapped area
Domain).
It is worth noting that the coverage area (namely radial cutting working range or region of wing) of wing refers to wing
Radial extension between upper most inner side cutting tooth and outermost cutting tooth.It can also be between wing contour line Origin And Destination
Coverage area of the radial extension as wing.Described herein collectively covers range, refers to two or more wing phases
The radial working region of (being collectively responsible for) of overlapping, collectively covers range a and Fig. 8 such as Fig. 8 (a) four-headed arrow meaning region
(b) four-headed arrow meaning region shown in collectively covers range b, and wherein Fig. 8 (a) show a long wing on same drill bit
The body profiles line schematic diagram of (the operator wing) and a short sword wing (secondary wing), Fig. 8 (b) show two rimmer knifes on same drill bit
The body profiles line schematic diagram of the wing (the operator wing), it is clear that it is different that wing represented by Fig. 8 (a) and Fig. 8 (b), which collectively covers range,
's.Further, each wing body profiles line, which collectively covers the coincidence point in range at it, can be the intersection point of each curve, can also
To be the point of contact between curve, the intersection point as shown in dash area 34 in Fig. 8 (a) and point of contact；Each wing body profiles line is at it
Collectively covering the overlapping region in range is the part that each wing body profiles line is overlapped or essentially coincides, such as Fig. 8 (a), Fig. 8
(b) overlapping region shown in dash area 34 in；On the other hand, collectively covering in range, on wing body profiles line except
The part of coincidence point and overlapping region (also known as with wide region) is that the not overlapping region of wing body profiles line is (also known as different
Wide region).In addition to coincidence point, the width of overlapping region and overlapping region is not defined as its width shared by the drill bit radial direction.
First group of cutting tooth on wing is arranged generally along the body profiles line of wing, and forms corresponding wing cutting
Contour line.By the above, in existing bit technique, it is same that each wing cutting contour line is overlapped in the coverage diagram of shaft bottom
Curve, meanwhile, this curve is also the cutting contour line of entire drill bit, and parallel with the body profiles line of wing or substantially flat
Row.And each wing body profiles line in the present invention with several not overlapping regions will self-assembling formation have and several be not overlapped area
The wing in domain cuts contour line, as shown in figure 4, P is overlapping region in the drill bit coverage diagram being made of two wings, N is not heavy
Close region.On the other hand, according to previously described definition content, bit cutting contour line is actually each wing cutting profile
Line takes the lead in being superimposed with stratum contact area in same axial plane, and such as Fig. 4,13, label 11 is bit cutting contour line, mark
Numbers 31 cut contour line for wing.It integrates, if the body profiles line of the body profiles line of some wing and other wings
Collectively covering in range while having several different wide regions and several with wide regions, then the cutting contour line of the wing with
Bit cutting contour line is not overlapped (referred to as asynchronous cutting zone, hereinafter referred to as asynchronous area) in partial region, and in another portion
Subregion (including a point or one section of curve) coincides or essentially coincides (referred to as synchronous cutting region, hereinafter referred to as synchronization zone
Domain).Obviously, the different wide region of wing body profiles line corresponds to the asynchronous area of wing cutting contour line, with exterior feature region then with
Retaining zone is corresponding.
In working principle, with asynchronous area wing compared to conventional synchronous cutting wing the difference is that: knife
On the wing and not all tooth simultaneously participates in work, but only part cutting tooth (cutting tooth of retaining zone) participates in work, waits this
After a little cutting tooth abrasions to a certain extent, the cutting tooth of other regions (cutting tooth of asynchronous area) just can touch rock simultaneously
Start rock cutting work.Obviously, it is (simple that the wing with this cutting tooth work characteristics stage by stage is referred to as asynchronous cutting wing
Claim asynchronous wing), when the bit pressure undertaken is identical, compared to the prior art (cutting tooth of different radial positions on wing
Simultaneously or rock is cut in synchronous participation), the ratio pressure for acting on rock is high.Asynchronous wing number is more, this effect promoted than pressure
It is more significant with (referred to as pressurization effectiveness), if drill bit whole wing is all using the wing with asynchronous cutting characteristic, pressurization effect
With more protruding, it is advantageous to be promoted drill bit in the ability of bad ground intrusion rock.For conventional bit, wing is cut
It cuts profile and overlaps or essentially coincide with bit cutting profile, the cutting tooth of different radial positions is simultaneously or synchronous on wing
Participation rock cutting be referred to as synchronous cutting.Drill bit comprising asynchronous wing is known as asynchronous cut drill (referred to as asynchronous brill
Head).
If there was only a single point or single very narrow region and drill bit on drill bit on the cutting contour line of certain asynchronous wing
Cutting contour line is coincided or is essentially coincided, then means the cutting contour line of the wing where this point or very narrow region
Position on be evagination, and the cutting contour line of wing other positions is then with respect to bit cutting contour line indent, it is clear that only
It is to work from the beginning in the cutting tooth of boss, with the continuous abrasion of this or these tooth, is in indent on wing
The cutting tooth at position just gradually starts contact and rock cutting.Equally, if had on the cutting contour line of certain asynchronous wing several
A point or several mutually intermittent regional areas coincide with bit cutting contour line, then the cutting contour line of the wing is at these
Position is local evagination, and remaining region is then with respect to bit cutting contour line indent, therefore at the beginning of the drilling process of drill bit, only
There is the cutting tooth at these evagination positions in rock cutting, then cutting tooth is worn up to the cutting tooth at remaining indent position in male part position
The process of rock cutting is just progressed into after to a certain degree, to realize the work stage by stage of different parts cutting tooth on same wing
Make.Obviously, asynchronous wing is substantially exactly the wing with part cutting feature, this when the bit pressure that wing undertakes is identical
The ratio pressure that wing acts on rock in local cutting zone obvious exceeds conventional wing.Asynchronous wing number is more, this promotion
It is more significant than the effectiveness of pressure (referred to as pressurization effectiveness).If drill bit whole wing all uses asynchronous wing, drill bit can claim at this time
It for disparate step drill bit, is pressurized effectiveness and more protrudes, be advantageous to be promoted drill bit in the ability of bad ground intrusion rock.
It is corresponding to foregoing teachings, the regional area of initial cuts is participated on asynchronous wing, cutting contour line is evagination,
The wing body profiles line naturally also evagination of corresponding position, as shown in Figure 9.Further, have on wing body profiles line multiple
When local crowning, make wing body profiles that the shape feature of rising and falling shape be presented, as shown in Figure 10,13,15,16.To two
For the different asynchronous wing of body profiles shape, the local crowning on wing is more, then collectively covers within region at it,
Intersection or crosspoint between two wing body profiles lines is more.If by the local crowning position of asynchronous wings multiple on drill bit
It is interspersed, the covering to the even whole radial zones of bottom section can be completed using mutually overlapping multiple local crownings.
In drilling process, as long as the convex portion on drill bit is not smoothed, pressurized effect to some extent there is.In addition, office
The height of portion's protrusion can be higher than the diameter (knuckle-tooth) or working depth (non-knuckle-tooth) of cutting tooth significantly, and height difference is bigger, not only
The pressurization shear action timeliness of wing is longer, and the length of another aspect wing body profiles line is also longer, naturally same wing
On cloth tooth region it is bigger, cutting tooth quantity is also more, and the number of teeth increases feature mutual to be worked stage by stage with cutting tooth
Match, thus increasing working life of the wing drilling than extending asynchronous drill bit on the basis of pressure.
In the present invention, the cutter set density of drill bit can be effectively adjusted by wing body profiles line, improve drill bit adaptively
The range of layer and lasting drilling ability.It can be worn by the axial direction that the echelon cloth tooth that the present invention program is formed can effectively increase drill bit
Volume extends the service life of drill bit.According to Chinese patent " a kind of Scraping-cutting and impacting combined type drill " (patent No.:
201220225028.1) described, stationary cutting structure and impact cutting structure combine structure, and the impact cutting tooth on formed punch is being rushed
It hits under power effect and shaft bottom is impacted constantly with certain frequency, the stationary cutting structure on drill bit is cooperated to be completed jointly to bottom rock
It is broken.In two sets of coefficient regions of cutting structure, the broken rock for impacting cutting tooth acts on the fixation cutting tooth so that the region
Energy consumption required for wedging, rock cutting significantly reduces, and improves efficiency of breaking rock.
In addition, the impact force from upper impingement generator, is only acted on by force transmission mechanism on impact cutting structure, and
Impact cutting structure can slide with respect to drill body, i.e., will not be to drill bit without being transmitted on drill body or even rotary column
Ontology and rotary column cause to damage, and are illustrated in figure 2 impact force transfer principle schematic diagram.
According to above to the object of the invention and rationale, it is possible to understand that and confirmation, " the knife that the present invention is defined
The body profiles line of the body profiles line of the wing and other wings collectively cover in range have at least one not overlapping region (or
Referred to as different wide region) " absolute understanding should not be done, i.e., should not that may be present in the prior art, it is certain it is unconscious under
Or accidentally down or for the body profiles line and other wings with caused wing under the other purposes of wide of the mark of the present invention
Body profiles line there are it is lesser degree of be not overlapped cover including；Those skilled in the art are based on aforementioned the object of the invention and principle
Elaboration the degree of " the not overlapping region " obviously can be managed correctly according to the prior art of grasp, common knowledge
Solution, without especially being defined；Typically, of the invention " drill bit is promoted in bad ground intrusive rock to preferably realize
The ability of stone " purpose, this does not account for and entirely collectively covers the ratio of range areas and be preferably not less than 25% in overlapping region.
Preferably, being at least whole or the curve of major part evagination there are two the body profiles line of wing, and described
Each curve concave portion vertex is not identical along the radial position of drill bit radial direction.
In the present solution, the outer substantial only a fraction of convex domain of wing body profiles line correspond to wing cutting contour line with
The region (retaining zone) that bit cutting contour line coincides；And remaining region on wing body profiles line is cut corresponding to wing
Cut the region (asynchronous area) that contour line is not overlapped with bit cutting contour line.The radial position on the vertex of two wing concave portions
It sets not identical, wing cutting contour line can just be made to coincide in vertex corresponding position and bit cutting contour line in design,
The cutting tooth of two wing vertex and adjacent locations just becomes the initial cutting tooth for participating in work at this time, and cutting far from the region
Cutwork wouldn't be participated in by cutting tooth (except retaining zone).In this way, the ratio pressure acted in initialization cutting tooth is higher than routine
Drill bit is conducive to the ability for improving drill bit intrusion rock.In the present solution, body profiles line is the song of whole or most of evagination
Line is actually unimodal curve, i.e., there is only a protrusions on wing body profiles line, as shown in Figure 5.Shown in Fig. 5 (a)
Wing body profiles line is the curve of whole evagination, and wing body profiles line shown in Fig. 5 (b) is the song of most of evagination
Line, the curve of label 32c are the body profiles line of conventional wing in the prior art, are marked in phantom herein, to highlight
The feature of heretofore described entirety or most of evagination wing body profiles line.Although wing body profiles are unimodal song
Line, if the local crowning of each wing body profiles curve is radially mutually staggered along drill bit, these wings still can have asynchronous
Region.
Preferably, be at least the curve at least one local crowning there are two the body profiles line of wing, and
Respectively there is at least one local crowning partly or entirely mutually wrong along drill bit radial direction or along bit cutting contour line between the curve
It opens.
It is different from whole or most of wing body profiles line of evagination only single in aforementioned schemes, the knife in this programme
Wing body profiles line has multiple local crownings, and therefore, the distribution of each local crowning can have different situations, as shown in Figure 7.
Wherein, Fig. 7 (a) show each local crowning along drill bit radial distribution, and on different wing body profiles lines local crowning along boring
Head radial (direction arrow A in figure) is partly or entirely staggered；Fig. 7 (b) show each local crowning along bit cutting contour line point
Cloth, and local crowning is partly or entirely wrong along bit cutting contour line (direction arrow B in figure) on different wing body profiles lines
It opens.It is worth noting that local crowning distribution represented in Fig. 7 (a) and Fig. 7 (b) and displaced manner be only two kinds more
Typical distribution mode, but it is not limited to the two ways.
In above scheme, wing body profiles line is the curve with one or more local crownings, can in design
So that wing cutting contour line coincides in the vertex corresponding position of local crowning with bit cutting contour line, each wing office at this time
The vertex of portion's protrusion and the cutting tooth of adjacent locations just become the initial cutting tooth for participating in work, and the cutting tooth far from the region
(except retaining zone) wouldn't participate in cutwork.Such structure makes drill bit in drilling process, on synchronization wing only
There is the part cutting tooth contact shaft bottom at the top of local crowning, reduces the contact area of drill bit and rock, the ratio in cutting tooth
Pressure is higher than conventional bit, enables the effective wedging stratum of drill bit；Even if drill bit is worn, part cutting tooth is caused to be destroyed,
Remaining part cutting tooth following contacts shaft bottom not being worn is still suffered from, cutwork is put into, guarantees that drill bit creeps into overall process
All it is high specific pressure, is conducive to the raising of drill bit rate of penetration.
Secondly, the wing body profiles line to rise and fall joins the cutting tooth on same wing body profiles line stage by stage
With broken rock, also make its cloth tine length longer, with regard to more, the number of teeth increases and cutting tooth point the cloth number of teeth amount on naturally same wing
The feature of stage work is mutually matched, thus increasing working life of the wing drilling than extending drill bit on the basis of pressure.
Local crowning especially on the body profiles line of wing mutually staggers, and has preferable cloth tooth effect, it can forms part
The alternate covering (it can be appreciated that being longitudinally formed multiple step structure, such as the center portion region of Figure 14) of protrusion, hence it is evident that extend
Cutting tooth wears length.And to remain as the table being exposed to outside wing inserted for the cutting tooth in alternate covering region, can keep
High specific pressure when drilling.In addition, in the present solution, the local crowning on each curve is also allowed to be overlapped in the radial position of drill bit.Tool
There is the polycrystalline diamond compact bit (200620033337.3) of second level toothing and there is the longitudinal standby cutting knot of stand alone type
The polycrystalline diamond compact bit (200720082270.7) of structure, the PDC for disclosing a kind of standby (second level) toothing are bored
Head, common feature be in the bit body that standby tooth is embedded under main tooth (base tooth), i.e., standby tooth relative to bit body to
Interior arrangement, to be upwardly formed multiple step structure drill bit is vertical, but longitudinal standby tooth in above-mentioned two scheme be it is interior inserted,
It is totally just to start to work after rear and ontology has part wears in first group of cutting odontotripsis for initially contacting stratum, in standby tooth
While rock cutting, wing ontology is contacted with stratum occurrence of large-area, is reduced standby cutting tooth significantly and is acted on
The ratio pressure of rock, so that the drilling efficiency of drill bit be made to be very limited.
Meanwhile having the presence of several local crownings on wing, the chip space of drill bit is increased, landwaste is reduced and is cutting
Accumulation near tooth is conducive to the heat dissipation and cooling of cutting tooth, reduces the thermal wear of cutting tooth, improve drill bit from another point of view
Working performance.
Preferably, the body profiles line of the wing of at least 40% quantity is the song at least one local crowning
Line, and respectively there is at least one local crowning to mutually stagger between the curve along drill bit radial component or all.
In above scheme, if the wing quantity of different exterior feature is maintained at certain proportion range, can better and more scientifically it play different
The asynchronous shear action of wide wing.Obviously, in this scenario 40% ratio may result in a non-integer as a result, this
When, according to the understanding of common sense, need to carry out rounding: for example, a total of 6 wings of drill bit, then 40% is exactly 2.4, rounding 2
A wing.
Preferably, be at least the curve at least one local crowning there are two the body profiles line of wing, and
The not overlapping region width of the curve at least accounts for a quarter of drill bit radius.
In above scheme, if asynchronous area range is maintained at certain proportion, the asynchronous cutting of drill bit can be preferably played
Effect.The length for increasing asynchronous area can allow the service life of cutting tooth in drill bit each region to be mutually matched, and reach reduction drilling
The purpose of cost.
Preferably, be at least the curve at least one local crowning there are two the body profiles line of wing, and
The local crowning mutually staggered between the curve is distributed in the radial zone other than drill bit one third radius.
Cutter-wear rate of the PDC drill bit in outer one third region is fast, and using the above scheme, asynchronous area can cover
Cutting tooth fails fireballing region on drill bit, thus significantly improve drill bit these positions can wear height, increase cutting
Structure invades the ability of rock, promotes bit life, reduces drilling cost.
Preferably, be at least the curve at least one local crowning there are two the body profiles line of wing, and
The local crowning mutually staggered between the curve is distributed in the radial zone within 2/3rds radius of drill bit.
Under certain special operation conditions, during combined drilling, drill bit movement complicated condition, not there is only oscillation crosswise,
And there are shimmy, and drill bit is likely to be at the working condition not parallel with hole axis.For composite drill bit of the present invention
Speech, in perimeter by the co-operation region of dise knife and fixing wing, and center portion region is relatively weak, in this condition
Under, the cutting tooth in drill bit internal region is easy that Fast Wearing occurs because of unbalance loading.Due to PDC drill bit the interior zone number of teeth compared with
It is few, so, once individual tooth failures, it is easy to chain reaction occurs, leads to the generation of internal ring cutting failure phenomenon, this failure
Phenomenon is commonly called as phenomenon " from the bottom of one's heart ".In the program, asynchronous area is arranged in the region within 2/3rds radius of drill bit, Neng Gouxian
Write improve drill bit these positions can wear height, to extend PDC drill bit under the Special complexes operating condition such as combined drilling
Service life, reduce and even avoid the generation of phenomenon from the bottom of one's heart.
Preferably, the local crowning shape of wing body profiles line is similar or identical, it can also be dissimilar or not identical.
Preferably, the local crowning shape of the wing body profiles line of at least 50% quantity is similar or identical.Obviously, in this scenario
50% ratio may result in a non-integer as a result, at this time, it may be necessary to carrying out rounding.For example, a total of 5 wings of drill bit
Body profiles line, then 50% is exactly 2.5, rounding is 2 wing body profiles lines.
Preferably, the shape of local crowning can be to be similar parabola shaped, trapezoidal, round, ellipse etc. can also
For the combination between them, as shown in Figure 10.
Preferably, the height of all wing body profiles line local crownings is not less than 8mm.
Preferably, the height of the whole or most of evagination of all wing body profiles lines is not less than 8mm.
In above scheme, boundary's point of elevated regions is set forth as follows first: for the region of whole evagination, raised boundary
Point should be respectively wing body profiles line close to the endpoint and wing body profiles line bizet of drill bit center portion and gage areas
Separation puts 322 as shown in Figure 11 (a)；For the region of most of evagination or local crowning, if entire protrusion occupy same
Between two troughs of one smoothed curve, then the two troughs must have a common tangent and respectively two point of contacts, this two
A point of contact is its raised boundary point, and 322 are put as shown in Figure 11 (b)；If entire protrusion both ends are the non-light of different curved sections
Slip point, then this tie point is the boundary's point for being used as the protrusion, and 322 are put as shown in Figure 11 (c)；If the side of some protrusion
For the continuously smooth curve with trough, the other side is previously described curved section Non-smooth surface tie point, then the tie point is first
As one of its boundary's point, another boundary's point be from this to raised other side smoothed curve section trough at made tangent line point of contact,
322 are put as shown in Figure 11 (d).Accordingly, the width of certain protrusion (including whole evagination, most of evagination and local crowning)
It is defined as the length of the protrusion two sides circle point line, W as shown in Figure 11, height is then defined as the point on fillet curve extremely
The maximum distance of two sides circle point line, H as shown in Figure 11, obtaining the point of the maximum distance on fillet curve is the protrusion
Vertex.It should be noted that since the shape of protrusion can have many situations of change, although above-mentioned definition is just for having
Several convex shapes of limit are made, but its essence spirit is equally applicable to different shape protrusion (including whole evagination, major part
Evagination and local crowning) other situations.Raised region involved in this patent full text (including whole evagination, major part are outer
Convex and local crowning) calculating according to said method, be not repeated.
Preferably, different exterior feature wing is greater than other regions in the local crowning height of drill bit crown region or nasal region.
When drill bit passes through the heterogeneities formation condition such as interlayer, gravel layer, nose, the shoulder of drill bit often carry a large amount of broken
Rock load, power consumption, so that the cutting tooth Fast Wearing at these positions, and then make drill bit premature failure.In the program, by increasing
The local crowning of drill bit crown region or nasal region not only improves drill bit in the rock wedging ability at these positions, also increases
It has been added to wear length, to extend bit life on the basis of promoting drilling efficiency.
Preferably, being at least the curve at least one local crowning, institute there are two the body profiles line of wing
It states at least one local crowning between each curve to overlap or essentially coincide, and is arranged between different wing body profiles lines
It is mutually staggered in first group of cutting tooth of the local crowning that coincides.
Preferably, at least one wing has preposition wing body profiles line and at least one postposition wing sheet simultaneously
Body contour line, preposition wing body profiles line and postposition wing body profiles line are the song at least one local crowning
Line.It is preferred that local crowning is radial along drill bit or partly or entirely mutually staggers along bit cutting contour line.
Above scheme is substantially to merge the cutting structure of two asynchronous wings on a wing body.In the program,
Two different wing body profiles lines are provided at least two rows of cutting tooths on same wing, therefore wing number can not be increased
Under conditions of amount, increase the cutter set density of drill bit, strengthen the asynchronous cutting structure of drill bit, while being also conducive to expand the stream of drill bit
Road more sufficiently, effectively utilizes bit operation space, improves the comprehensive performance of drill bit.
Preferably, at least one wing has preposition wing body profiles line and at least one postposition wing sheet simultaneously
Body contour line, preposition wing body profiles line and postposition wing body profiles line are the song at least one local crowning
Line, at least one local crowning is overlapped or is essentially coincided on each curve, and between different wing body profiles lines
First group of cutting tooth for being arranged in the local crowning that coincides mutually staggers.It can make the asynchronous cutting knot of privileged sites on drill bit in this way
Structure is strengthened.
Preferably, second group of cutting tooth that at least one proud exposure is less than or equal to zero is provided on the wing,
Or at least one empty slot or/and second group of cutting tooth being fixed in empty slot.
Second group of cutting tooth and sky in the program, relative to its proud exposure of wing body profiles line less than or equal to zero
Slot (including built-in tooth and built-in table are inserted etc.) be simutaneously arranged in a mixed way in wing body, wing can not only be greatly increased
Length is worn, wing body space is also effectively utilized, while ensuring to creep into than pressure, further extends bit life.
Preferably, cloth in whole on wing body profiles line or major part evagination or the corresponding wing region of local crowning
It is equipped with second group cutting tooth of at least one proud exposure less than or equal to zero or at least one empty slot or/and is fixed on sky
Second group of cutting tooth in slot.
In the program, since the local crowning drilling of wing body is higher than pressing, cutting tooth arranges negligible amounts, therefore relatively general
Logical wing is easier to wear, and after the abrasion of this part wing body, region setting empty slot can be such that worn-out cutting tooth carries in outside
Wing body is detached under lotus rapidly, and then exposes empty slot and second group of cutting tooth, worn-out region is repaired, is being guaranteed
On the basis of drilling life of bit, the ability of bit cutting rock updated.
Preferably, corresponding to the wing cutting contour line and bit cutting contour line of wing body profiles line local crowning
It is tangent.
Preferably, corresponding to the wing cutting contour line and bit cutting contour line of wing body profiles line local crowning
It partially overlaps.
Preferably, the cutting tooth is composite polycrystal-diamond, polycrystal diamond composite teeth, thermostabilization plycrystalline diamond Buddha's warrior attendant
Stone cutting tooth, natural diamond cutting tooth, impregnated Adamas cutting tooth, carbide cutting tooth, cubic boron nitride cutting tooth, pottery
Porcelain cutting tooth or cutting tooth comprising diamond or cubic boron nitride.Impact cutting tooth for hard-metal insert or can use Buddha's warrior attendant
Stone does the hard-metal insert of surface reinforcement.
The foregoing main solution of the present invention and further alternatives thereof can be freely combined to form multiple schemes, be this
Invention can be used and claimed scheme；And it is of the invention, between (each non conflicting selection) selection and between other selections
It can also be freely combined.Those skilled in the art, which can be illustrated after understanding the present invention program according to the prior art and common knowledge, to be had
Multiple combinations are the claimed technical solution of the present invention, do not do exhaustion herein.
Explanation of nouns:
The proud exposure of cutting tooth: refer to the distance on the highest point to wing body profiles line of cutting land.Exposure is high
Degree can be just, be it is negative, can also be equal to zero, when cut land be exposed to except wing ontology when, the proud exposure of tooth is positive
Value.
First group of cutting tooth: it is arranged in the cutting tooth that proud exposure on the wing body cloth flank of tooth is greater than zero.
Second group of cutting tooth: being arranged on wing, and is less than or equal to zero relative to wing body profiles line proud exposure
Cutting tooth.Interior inserted and built-in table is inserted etc. to belong to second group of cutting tooth.
It is interior inserted: to be less than or equal to zero cutting tooth relative to wing body profiles line proud exposure, cutting tooth is in addition to cutting
Other surfaces (mainly side and bottom end face) and the comprehensive engagement of wing body other than working face, and closed by this contact
System realizes the consolidation of cutting tooth.I.e. cutting tooth is embedded in completely in wing body or bit body, as illustrated in fig. 17b.
Empty slot: being set on the wing body below first group of cutting, can be through slot, can also be non-through blind slot.
The effect of empty slot first is that can play reduce bit wear after the invalid bit pressure unfavorable to rock cutting that is undertaken of wing ontology,
Second is that providing cloth tooth space for built-in table is inserted.
Built-in table is inserted: being fixed in the empty slot being arranged on wing body, and its land exposure empty slot surface where it
Cutting tooth.After first group of cutting tooth and completely worn out wing ontology in built-in table inserted front, built-in table is inserted can be as
One group of cutting tooth rock cutting like that in a manner of the inserted high specific pressure of table, obtains the stock-removing efficiency of drill bit a degree of extensive
It is multiple.Built-in table it is inserted unlike it is interior it is inserted be completely embedded in wing body, as illustrated in fig 17 a.The design of empty slot is so that apply
It is not absorbed by surrounding wing body in the inserted bit pressure of built-in table, that is, the inserted ratio pressure of built-in table is not because of neighbouring wing body
In the presence of and be substantially reduced so that its operating condition and first group of cutting tooth are consistent or close, that is, in empty slot near cutting tooth
Wing body is not involved in contact rock, thus when making the inserted work of built-in table in the form of table edge rock cutting, thus its drilling is than pressure
It is not substantially reduced for opposite first group of cutting tooth, while guaranteeing cutting tooth wedging ability, that improves drill bit uses the longevity
Life.
Cloth tooth shaft face or axial plane: by the plane of drill bit central axis, it is mainly used for expressing the diameter of each cutting tooth on drill bit
To and axial position and cutting tooth to the coverage condition of bottom rock and the elementary contour feature in shaft bottom.
Shaft bottom coverage diagram: when drill bit rotates under conditions of axial position is constant around own axes, the land of cutting tooth
Contour line and axial plane are crossed to form intersection, which is the axial plane contour line of cutting tooth, then by the axial plane wheel of all main cutting teeth
Profile collects in the axial plane, is formed the axial plane cloth tooth figure of drill bit.It is cut on drill bit because axial plane cloth tooth figure can accurately reflect
Tooth is cut to the coverage condition of bottom rock, therefore is called shaft bottom drape tooth figure, abbreviation drape tooth figure or shaft bottom coverage diagram.
Bit cutting contour line: in the coverage diagram of shaft bottom, one, work is tangent with the axial plane contour line of all main cutting teeth
External envelope curve, as bit cutting contour line.The curve characterizes the elementary contour feature in the drilled out shaft bottom of drill bit.
Wing cuts contour line: in the shaft bottom coverage diagram of drill bit, only specifying the cutting tooth on wing to represent some
Come, and the cutting tooth on other wings is concealed, is formed the axial plane cloth tooth figure of the wing.In the axial plane cloth tooth figure of wing
In, make an external envelope curve tangent with the axial plane contour line of each main cutting tooth, which is the cutting wheel of the wing
Profile.
Wing body profiles line: it is defining in cloth tooth shaft face, if drill bit is under conditions of axial position is constant around itself axis
Line rotation, then for a certain wing body, the intersection of leading flank and its cloth flank of tooth will scan to form one with the rotation of drill bit
The intersection of a space curved surface, the space curved surface and axial plane is the body profiles line of wing.
Preposition, postposition wing body profiles line: if by two or more respectively adjacent with wing body profiles line
Wing merges into same wing, then just will appear a plurality of wing body profiles line, in this case, edge on the wing body after merging
Bit direction forefront is known as preposition wing body profiles line, remaining is postposition wing contour line.Same wing body
On adjacent blades body profiles line between may also set up the necessary structure such as runner, hydrophthalmia and nozzle.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
(1) in impingement mix drill bit of the present invention the body profiles line of fixing wing it is not identical, can effectively adjust drill bit
Cutter set density, improve drill bit adapt to stratum range and lasting drilling ability.
(2) impingement mix drill bit formed punch cutting structure of the present invention is crushed bottom rock with the mechanism impacted, and is conducive to fix
Cutting tooth improves efficiency of breaking rock to effective wedging of rock on wing
(3) present invention forms multiple step structure along the cutting tooth of wing body profiles line arrangement in the coverage diagram of shaft bottom,
The axial wear volume that drill bit can be increased, extends the service life of drill bit.It is ground in first order cutting tooth (main cutting tooth)
After damage, and being exposed to outer secondary cutting tooth can quickly participate in cutting, and keep the high specific pressure state of drilling.
(4) the wing cutting contour line of drill bit and bit cutting contour line are not exactly the same in technical solution of the present invention, and
It is to partially overlap or contact, other regions do not contact.This wing with asynchronous cutting feature in the present invention, what is undertaken
When bit pressure is identical, compared to the wing with synchronous cutting feature, the ratio pressure for acting on rock is obvious high.Asynchronous wing number is got over
More, this promotion is more significant than the effectiveness of pressure (referred to as pressurization effectiveness).
(5) when wing body profiles line is alternately formed by connecting by lug boss and recessed portion.Wing has lug boss and recessed portion
Presence, increase the chip space of drill bit, reduce accumulation of the landwaste near cutting tooth, be conducive to the scattered hot and cold of cutting tooth
But, the thermal wear of cutting tooth is reduced.
(6) present invention reduces drill bit to the sensibility of formation condition, widens single drill bit to the adaptation range on stratum (from soft
Stratum is to hard formation), in soft formation, the cutting tooth near protrusion can regard a big cutting element as and cut stratum to scrape,
Obtain higher rate of penetration and drilling efficiency.In hard formation, by whole high specific pressure and axial multilayer can wear volume, obtain
Obtain higher rate of penetration and service life.
(7) the technology of the present invention can reinforce the region of impact Mixed drilling bit local weak, so that impingement mix bores
The sustainable drilling ability of head is further enhanced.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the drill bit structure schematic diagram of first embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 2 is impact force transfer mechanism schematic illustration；
The cloth tooth coverage diagram of the existing drill bit of Fig. 3；
Overlapping region and the not schematic illustration of overlapping region in Fig. 4 present invention；
The structural schematic diagram of Fig. 5 body profiles line entirety evagination or most of evagination；
The body profiles line of Fig. 6 wing is the vertex of the unimodal curve of whole evagination and the convex portion of different wings same
The structural schematic diagram mutually staggered in one drill bit axial plane；
The schematic diagram that Fig. 7 protrusion is radially staggered with bit cutting contour line direction；
Wing body profiles line collectively covers region, coincidence point, overlapping region and not overlapping region in Fig. 8 present invention
Schematic diagram.
The structural schematic diagram of Fig. 9 body profiles line local crowning；
Figure 10 body contour line has multiple local crownings and the different structural schematic diagram of convex shape；
The definition schematic diagram of Figure 11 invention protrusions circle point and ledge width, height of projection；
Shape of the wing body profiles line of Figure 12 Fig. 1 in coverage diagram；
The cloth tooth figure of each wing of Figure 13 Fig. 1；
The overall coverage diagram of Figure 14 Fig. 1；
Inserted structural schematic diagram in Figure 15 second embodiment of the invention；
The inserted structural schematic diagram of table built in Figure 16 third embodiment of the invention；
Figure 17 is the inserted and interior inserted cross-sectional view of built-in table；
The inserted difference schematic diagram of table built in difference in Figure 18 present invention；
The structural schematic diagram of Figure 19 fourth embodiment of the invention；
The cloth tooth figure of each wing of Figure 20 invention sixth embodiment.
In figure: 1, drill body；11, bit cutting contour line；2, cutting structure is impacted；21, cutting tooth is impacted；3, knife
The wing；31, wing cuts contour line；32, the body profiles line of wing；321, the convex portion of wing body profiles line；322, convex
Play boundary's point；323, convex apexes；33, the wing cloth flank of tooth；41, first group of cutting tooth；42a, built-in table are inserted；It is 42b, interior inserted；
5, empty slot；61, hydrophthalmia or nozzle；221 be impact force transfer mechanism.
Specific embodiment
Following non-limiting examples are for illustrating the present invention.
Embodiment one
As shown in Fig. 1,2,12,13,14, a kind of punching composite drill bit with asynchronous cutting principle, including drill body
1, with respect to the wing 3 that drill body 1 consolidates, and the hydrophthalmia or nozzle 61 that are arranged on drill body 1, it is provided on wing 3
Several first group of cutting tooth 41, setting recess is to fix first group of cutting tooth 41, drill body 1 on the 3 cloth flank of tooth 33 of wing
On have impact force transferring structure 221 and impact cutting structure 2, impact cutting structure on be disposed with impact cutting tooth 21, in wing
Between runner in be provided with hydrophthalmia or nozzle 61, the body profiles line 32 of at least one wing 3 (may include preposition wing
Body profiles line and postposition wing body profiles line) with the body profiles line 32 of at least another wing 3 collectively covering model
There is at least one not overlapping region and at least one coincidence point or overlapping region in enclosing.First group of cutting tooth 41 can
Think composite polycrystal-diamond, polycrystal diamond composite teeth, thermally stable polycrystalline diamond cutting tooth, natural diamond cutting
Tooth, impregnated Adamas cutting tooth, carbide cutting tooth, cubic boron nitride cutting tooth, ceramic cutting tooth or comprising diamond or
The cutting tooth of cubic boron nitride.Impacting cutting tooth 21 can be hard-metal insert, or the hard of diamond surface hardening
Carbide button.
The body profiles line of wing 3 can be the unimodal curve of an only entirety or most of evagination, as shown in figure 5,
It is also possible to the polymodal curve as shown in FIG. 6 with multiple local crownings, wherein by taking Fig. 3,5 as an example, labeled as the level of R
Direction is that drill bit is radial, and the vertical direction labeled as Z is that drill bit is axial, drill bit coverage diagram, wing body profiles line in this patent
Signified drill bit radially, axially should all so understand in the schematic diagram that figure etc. indicates in drill bit axial plane, repeat no more.With drill bit
Drilling direction be axis of ordinates, radial is axis of abscissas.Whole or most of evagination refers on single wing body profiles line
Whole section or most of (the ratio between concave portion width and drill bit radius are greater than 1/2) be a curve in spirogyrate, the curve
It is formed by connecting by one or more convex outer curve sections and one or more straightways.The body profiles curve one of existing PDC drill bit
As be that another the different arc section or straightway being smoothly connected by an arc section and therewith constitute the (dotted line in such as Fig. 5
It is shown), the top area of evagination is referred to as " crown " region or the nasal region of drill bit.Commonly used by existing PDC drill bit originally
Body contour curve mainly includes following several types (disregarding the small chamfering with bit gauge diameter joint): bicone: straight line is (interior
Cone)+circular arc (nose)+straight line (outer shoulder)；Single circular arc type: straight line (inner cone)+circular arc (nose and outer shoulder)；Bicircular arcs type:
Straight line (inner cone)+circular arc (nose)+circular arc (outer shoulder).This few class contour curve belongs to the feelings of whole or most of evagination
Condition is more specifically the unimodal curve of whole evagination.As shown in Fig. 5 (a), Fig. 5 (b), wherein knife shown in Fig. 5 (a)
Wing body profiles line is the curve of whole evagination, and wing body profiles line shown in Fig. 5 (b) is the curve of most of evagination,
The curve of label 32c is the body profiles line of conventional wing in the prior art, is marked in phantom herein, to highlight this hair
The feature of entirety or most of evagination wing body profiles line described in bright.Fig. 7, several situations shown in Fig. 8 are that drill bit is each
The different reference example of radial position on the vertex of the whole or most of concave portion of wing body profiles line.
Local crowning in the present invention refers to that (concave portion is wide for regional area on single wing body profiles line for setting
The ratio between degree and drill bit radius are greater than convex portion 321 1/2), each convex portion is known as a local crowning.Constitute part
The curve of protrusion can be smooth curve, be also possible to Non-smooth surface curve.Several feelings as shown in Figure 10 (a), (b), (c)
Condition, wherein the curve of label 32c is the body profiles line of conventional wing in the prior art, is marked in phantom, to highlight
The feature of the heretofore described wing body profiles line with multiple local crownings.As an example, the ontology of wing 3 can be with
It is the unimodal curve of an only entirety or most of evagination, as shown in Figure 4,5, 6, and convex apexes 323 mutually stagger, and such as scheme
4, shown in 6.When wing ontology is made of multiple local crownings, the shape of local crowning can be continuous class parabola as schemed
10 (a), the convex hull shape curve for being also possible to multistage curve and circular arc composition can also be rectangle, such as Figure 10 such as Figure 10 (b)
(c), the cross sectional shape of this outer lug can also be trapezoidal, oval, the protrusion of the broken line shapes such as diamond shape, square, Yi Jiqi
The curve form of his shape only lists wherein more typical portion-form herein.
As an example, when wing 3, which is, has the polymodal curve of multiple local crownings 321, the curve of local crowning can be with
It is smooth curve, is also possible to Non-smooth surface curve.In coverage diagram, each wing 3 is radially mutually staggered in drill bit, such as Figure 12 institute
Show.Figure 14 is the shaft bottom coverage diagram of Fig. 1, and Figure 13 is the coverage diagram of each wing 3, it can easily be seen that the ontology of each wing 3 from figure
Contour line 32 is mutually indepedent, and the cutting contour line 32 of each wing 3 and the cutting contour line 11 of drill bit are only in partial region or point
It is overlapped, each wing 3 all has asynchronous cutting function.And overlapped coverage (multiple step knot is formd in the coverage diagram of shaft bottom
Structure), especially in local crowning 321, the cutting tooth being exposed to outside wing body 3 is mutually overlapping.When take the lead in contacting with stratum cuts
After cutting odontotripsis, the cutting tooth being exposed in outer secondary cutting structure will participate in cutting quickly, and drill bit drilling overall process is all
High specific pressure is conducive to the raising of drill bit rate of penetration.In the present solution, also allowing the lug boss on each wing body profiles line curve
Divide and is overlapped in the radial position of drill bit.
Impingement mix drill bit of the present invention at work, impacts cutting structure 2 in upper end and is connected to down-the-hole air hammer repeatedly
Under impact, impact force is passed to by impact cutting tooth 21 by force transmission mechanism 221 and takes the lead in contacting bottom rock, and forms impact
Stratum is weakened in hole.Secondly, the Adamas cutting tooth on wing is easy wedging stratum, and with less energy consumption broken rock, improve
Efficiency of breaking rock.Meanwhile the wing 3 with asynchronous cutting power, it is able to maintain the whole high specific pressure of drilling, is guaranteed in Mixed drilling bit
While extending the service life of drill bit, efficiency of breaking rock is improved.As the further improvement of the embodiment above, same wing
3 are provided simultaneously with a wing body profiles line and at least one postposition wing contour line, and along wing body profiles line and wing
Additional wheel profile, which is fixed with, at least two ranked first group cutting tooth 41 in total.
Embodiment two
As shown in figures 15-18, the present embodiment is basically the same as the first embodiment, the difference is that, is disposed on wing 3
Two groups of cutting tooths.In the present invention, first group of cutting tooth 41 that convex portion 321 is arranged, is the cutting contacted first with stratum
Tooth, the cutting tooth also worn at first.Interior inserted 42a is arranged in convex portion 321, can further increase wearing for cutting tooth
Volume, and then extend bit life, as illustrated in fig. 17b.In addition, can also arrange another form of second group of cutting on wing
Tooth (the built-in inserted 42b of table), the built-in inserted 42b of table are arranged in empty slot 5, as illustrated in fig 17 a.Wherein, empty slot 5 can be such as figure
The through slot for running through wing front and back sides in 18 (a), is also possible to the groove such as wing leading flank recessed in Figure 18 (b).As into
One step is preferred, and the convex portion 321 (local crowning) and its near zone of wing 3 are provided with empty slot 5 and the inserted 42a of built-in table,
As second group of cutting tooth of drill bit, as shown in Figure 15,16.
Embodiment three
As shown in figure 19, the present embodiment and embodiment one, two are essentially identical, the difference is that, at least there are two wings
Body profiles line 32 be the curve with local crowning 321, and the not overlapping region of each curve is distributed in the interior radial direction of drill bit
2/3rds regions.Curve is the polymodal curve with multiple convex portions 321, along 32 cloth tooth of wing body profiles line,
Center portion region forms multiple step structure.For composite drill bit, under the conditions of complex drilling, center portion region is relatively weak,
It is be easy to cause the initial failure of cutting tooth, in turn results in the failure of drill bit.The present invention can be good at reinforcing cutting for center portion region
Energy ability and service life are cut, effectively avoids center portion ring cutting or from the bottom of one's heart failure phenomenon, and then extend the service life of drill bit.
Embodiment six
As shown in figure 20, the present embodiment is basically the same as the first embodiment, and difference is: the body profiles of the wing 3
Line 32 is the polymodal curve with multiple convex portions 321 (local crowning), and the local crowning of different wings is in same drill bit shaft
It is mutually staggered in face, and corresponds to the wing cutting contour line and bit cutting contour line phase of wing body profiles line local crowning
It cuts.The body profiles line 32 of any of the above-described wing is different from, at least two parts on the body profiles line 32 of the wing 3
The height of protrusion, local crowning is more than or equal to 2mm.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all in essence of the invention
Made any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention within mind and principle.
Claims (11)
1. a kind of punching composite drill bit suitable for bad ground, including drill body, wing and it is arranged on drill body
Hydrophthalmia or nozzle, several first group of cutting tooth is provided on wing, recess is arranged to fix first group in the wing cloth flank of tooth
Cutting tooth is additionally provided with impact cutting structure and impact force transfer mechanism on drill body, impacts on cutting structure and is disposed with impact
Cutting tooth, impact cutting structure can slide with respect to drill body, it is characterised in that: the body profiles line of at least one wing
It is being collectively covered in range with the body profiles line of at least another wing, other than gage portion, there is at least one not
Overlapping region and at least one coincidence point or overlapping region.
2. being suitable for the punching composite drill bit of bad ground as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: at least there are two wings
Body profiles line be whole or most of evagination curve, and each extra curvature convex domain vertex is along the diameter of drill bit radial direction
To position difference.
3. being suitable for the punching composite drill bit of bad ground as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: at least there are two wings
Body profiles line be the curve at least one local crowning, and respectively have at least one local crowning between the curve
It is partly or entirely mutually staggered along drill bit radial direction or along bit cutting contour line.
4. being suitable for the punching composite drill bit of bad ground as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that: phase between the curve
The local crowning being mutually staggered is distributed in the radial zone other than drill bit one third radius.
5. being suitable for the punching composite drill bit of bad ground as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that: phase between the curve
The local crowning being mutually staggered is distributed in the radial zone within radial 2/3rds radiuses of drill bit.
6. being suitable for the punching composite drill bit of bad ground as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: be arranged on the wing
There are second group cutting tooth of at least one proud exposure less than or equal to zero or at least one empty slot or/and is fixed on empty slot
Second group of interior cutting tooth.
7. the punching composite drill bit suitable for bad ground as described in any claim in claim 2 to 6, feature exist
In: at least one, which is disposed with, in whole or major part evagination or the corresponding wing region of local crowning on wing body profiles line goes out
Second group for revealing second group cutting tooth of the height less than or equal to zero or at least one empty slot or/and being fixed in empty slot is cut
Cut tooth.
8. the punching composite drill bit suitable for bad ground as described in any claim in claim 2 to 6, feature exist
In: the body profiles line entirety of wing or the height of most of evagination or local crowning are not less than 2mm.
9. the punching composite drill bit suitable for bad ground as described in any claim in claim 2 to 6, feature exist
In: have whole or most of evagination or local crowning partly or entirely mutually wrong along drill bit radial direction or along bit cutting contour line
Each wing opened is greater than other regions in the local crowning height of drill bit crown region or nasal region.
10. being suitable for the punching composite drill bit of bad ground as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: impacting cutting tooth is
Hard-metal insert.
11. being suitable for the punching composite drill bit of bad ground as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: impacting cutting tooth is
The hard-metal insert of surface reinforcement is made of diamond.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610626566.4A CN106089087B (en) | 2016-08-02 | 2016-08-02 | A kind of punching composite drill bit suitable for bad ground |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610626566.4A CN106089087B (en) | 2016-08-02 | 2016-08-02 | A kind of punching composite drill bit suitable for bad ground |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN106089087A CN106089087A (en) | 2016-11-09 |
| CN106089087B true CN106089087B (en) | 2019-02-15 |
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| CN109306851B (en) * | 2017-07-28 | 2024-03-15 | 西南石油大学 | Rotary cutting module and diamond drill bit with same |
| CN107975341B (en) * | 2017-10-25 | 2019-07-09 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | The installation method of drill hammer tooth, drill hammer and drill hammer tooth |
| GB201800250D0 (en) * | 2018-01-08 | 2018-02-21 | Element Six Gmbh | Drill bit with wearshield |
| CN108049820A (en) * | 2018-02-01 | 2018-05-18 | 西南石油大学 | A kind of long-life PDC drill bit with translation wing |
| CN110159202A (en) * | 2018-02-10 | 2019-08-23 | 西南石油大学 | A kind of diamond bit with fixed buffer structure |
| CN110067516B (en) * | 2019-05-22 | 2024-03-22 | 倪政敏 | Quick impact-scraping and cutting combined rock breaking PDC drill bit |
| CN111411899B (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2023-05-26 | 西南石油大学 | PDC drill bit with self-impact capability |
| CN111411897B (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2023-07-14 | 西南石油大学 | Punching PDC drill bit |
| CN111764832A (en) * | 2020-07-14 | 2020-10-13 | 江苏煤炭地质勘探三队 | PDC drill bit suitable for crushing hard basalt stratum |
| CN111809683A (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2020-10-23 | 重庆交通大学 | Underwater reef cleaning equipment and fixing device thereof |
| CN117432340B (en) * | 2023-12-21 | 2024-03-22 | 西南石油大学 | PDC drill bit with high specific pressure |
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